JP2008212046A - Farm working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a farm working machine with a simple and inexpensive structure, which enables a working part to easily follow a surface subject to work, without depending on an operation by a worker and the worker's skill. <P>SOLUTION: An attachment part 11 is connected to the working part 40 via a link mechanism for enabling the working part 40 to move in the direction of getting close to or being separated from the surface subject to work, at least during the work in the working part 40. A hydraulic cylinder 15, which is separated by a piston and which has the pressure of one cylinder chamber set higher than that of the other cylinder chamber, is attached to the link mechanism in a manner that the working part 40 is urged toward the surface subject to work. A valve 56, which reduces the pressure when the pressure of the cylinder chamber with higher preset piston pressure reaches a fixed value or above, is provided in the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic cylinder. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an agricultural machine, and more particularly, to an agricultural machine that has a simple and low-cost structure and can easily cause a working unit to follow a work surface regardless of an operator's operation and skill.

  Agricultural work machines such as a hull coater that works by fixing the position of the working unit with respect to a conventional traveling machine body, it is necessary for the operator to drive the truck so that the traveling machine body follows the work surface. It was.

Further, in Patent Document 1, when the working part has moved away from the work surface, the pressure detection sensor detects a pressure decrease from the working part, and extends the telescopic cylinder so that the sliding arm slides. Thus, an invention is described in which the working part is not separated from the work surface.
JP 2006-262828 A

  However, for example, since the work of the hull coater is a work that repairs the cold of the main fence on one side of the traveling machine body, the traveling machine body follows the former machine while taking into account the reaction force from the working part of the hull coater. The driving skill was greatly affected by the skill of the workers.

  Moreover, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, a pressure detection sensor is required, and setting of an electric system for that is required. Furthermore, after the pressure detection sensor detects a decrease in pressure, the telescopic cylinder starts to move, and the telescopic cylinder moves until the pressure value from the pressure detection sensor again exceeds a certain value. Due to the inertial force of the cylinder, it was confirmed that the working part was pushed in even after it touched the work surface. This caused a problem that the formed hot springs were easily broken and the appearance was not good.

  In view of the above-described problems, the present invention provides a farm machine that can easily follow the work surface on the work surface with a simple and low-cost structure, regardless of the operator's operation and skill. For the purpose of providing.

  In order to achieve the above object, an agricultural machine according to the present invention has a mounting portion attached to a rear portion of a traveling machine body and attached to the traveling machine body, and a working unit that performs work by power from the traveling machine body, In an offset working machine in which the mounting unit and the working unit are connected by a link mechanism that enables the working unit to move in a direction in which the working unit moves toward and away from the work surface at least during the work of the working unit, the mounting unit and the working unit are separated by a piston. A hydraulic cylinder in which the pressure in one cylinder chamber is set higher than the pressure in the other cylinder chamber is attached to the link mechanism so that the working portion is biased toward the work surface side, and the hydraulic cylinder In the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic cylinder, a valve for reducing the pressure when the pressure of the cylinder chamber in which the pressure is set higher is equal to or higher than a certain pressure is provided.

  Furthermore, the agricultural machine of the present invention is characterized in that the link mechanism is a quasi-parallel link mechanism or a parallel link mechanism. Furthermore, the agricultural machine according to the present invention has an intermediate frame that connects the mounting unit and the working unit, and the intermediate frame is rotatable in a horizontal direction provided in the mounting unit. It is a mechanism connected by a mounting portion side fulcrum and a working portion side fulcrum provided on the working portion side, which can be rotated in the horizontal direction, and the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the mounting portion and the intermediate frame. It is characterized by being mounted so as to connect each fulcrum provided separately from the part-side fulcrum. Furthermore, the agricultural machine according to the present invention is characterized in that the constant pressure in the valve for reducing the pressure equal to or higher than the predetermined pressure can be adjusted by an adjusting member provided in the valve.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, in a farm work machine, a working part can be made to follow a work surface easily with a simple and low-cost structure irrespective of an operator's operation and skill.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a glazing machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

  The mounting portion 11 has attachment portions 12 to 14 to the tractor 2 and is connected to the tractor 2. The working unit 40 includes a pre-processing unit 36 and a hook forming unit 37. The pre-processing unit 36 includes a tilling claw 35 and the like, and performs an operation of cutting out the old fence and scraping out the soil. On the other hand, the cocoon forming part 37 is located behind the pre-processing part 36 and is constituted by a disk or the like, and performs an operation of painting the scraped soil into a cocoon shape.

  The mounting portion 11 and the working portion 40 are provided on the mounting portion side, the first arm 21 connecting the first fulcrum 16 provided on the mounting portion side and the fourth fulcrum 32 provided on the working portion side. The second fulcrum 18 is connected to the second arm 22 connecting the third fulcrum 31 provided on the working part side. These four fulcrums are fulcrums that allow any arm to rotate horizontally. Furthermore, the first arm 21 is longer than the second arm 22, and these arms are mounted substantially in parallel. Yes. In this way, the mounting portion 11 and the working portion 40 are connected by a pseudo parallel link using arms having different lengths.

  In addition, the transmission of power from the tractor 2 is transmitted to the working unit 40 from, for example, an input shaft (not shown) provided in the mounting unit via the joint 23. In the working unit 40, a gear, a bevel gear, Power is transmitted to the pretreatment unit 36 and the hook forming unit 37 via a shaft or a chain.

  Further, in FIG. 1, a cylinder 15 is attached to the pseudo parallel link.

  FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a cylinder in the present invention. The cylinder 15 is based on hydraulic pressure, and the cylinder chamber of the cylinder 15 is divided into a first cylinder chamber 51 and a second cylinder chamber 52 by a piston 53. Pressure is applied to the first cylinder chamber 51 through the second flow path 57 and the first flow path 55 by the pump 58. The second cylinder chamber 52 communicates with the tank 59 from the fourth flow path 61. As a result, the first cylinder chamber 51 has a higher pressure than the second cylinder chamber 52, and the pressure is applied to the cylinder rod 54 that always extends (to the left in FIG. 2). .

  On the other hand, a valve 56 is provided between the second flow path 57 and the first flow path 55. This valve is configured to flow oil from the third flow path 60 to the tank 59 when a set pressure exceeding a certain level is applied. In other words, when a certain pressure or more is applied, the pressure is reduced. Thereby, for example, when a force is applied from the rod 54 in the direction of contracting the cylinder 15 (to the right in FIG. 2), a high pressure is applied to the first cylinder chamber 51. It is also transmitted to the valve 56 through the first flow path 55. In that case, when the applied pressure is a set pressure or more, the pressure is reduced as described above. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the rod 54 from being applied with a force exceeding a certain level.

  Examples of the valve 56 include a pressure reducing valve and a relief valve. The pressure reducing valve is structured such that when a spool provided in the valve reaches a certain pressure or more, the pressure is reduced by moving against a force of a pressure adjusting spring provided in the spool. In addition, the relief valve is configured such that when the valve body provided in the valve reaches a certain pressure or more, the pressure is reduced by moving against the force of the pressure adjusting spring provided in the valve body. That is, in the present invention, it is possible to apply a valve having a mechanism for reducing the pressure when the valve body provided inside the valve moves against the force of the elastic body that urges the valve body when the pressure exceeds a set pressure. .

  Furthermore, the pressure reducing valve and the relief valve can adjust a constant pressure to be reduced by adjusting the force of a spring provided inside the valve by operating an adjusting member such as a pressure adjusting screw or a handle. Also in the present invention, the force of the elastic body provided inside the valve can be adjusted by an adjusting member such as an adjusting screw or a handle, and the constant pressure to be reduced can be adjusted. In addition, these adjusting members can be electrically operated by a solenoid or the like. As a result, the constant pressure can be adjusted from a position away.

  In FIG. 1, the cylinder 15 is mounted between a fulcrum A provided on the mounting portion 11 and a fulcrum B provided on the first arm. These fulcrums are fulcrums that allow the cylinder 15 to rotate in the horizontal direction. As a result, when the cylinder 15 extends, the working unit 40 moves to the heel side (right side in FIG. 1) via the pseudo parallel link. Moreover, the valve 56 can be installed in the mounting part 11 as the hydraulic valve 17 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating an example when the trouser is mounted on the tractor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawing, the cylinder 15 extends from the two-dot chain line at the position on the solid line. Due to the pressure of the cylinder 15 described above, a force acts on the extending side of the cylinder, and thereby the working unit 40 is urged to the side of the rod 1 via the pseudo parallel link. As a result, the working unit 40 can follow the main fence 1. During operation, when a certain force is applied from the rod 1 to the working unit 40 by operating the tractor 2 or the like, the force on the side that contracts to the cylinder 15 is applied by the force, and pressure is applied to the cylinder chamber 51. When the set pressure is exceeded, the pressure is reduced by the valve 56. This makes it possible to form a straight ridge without forcibly pressing the mortar 1.

  The mounting of the cylinder 15 of the present invention is not limited to FIG. 1, and the working unit 40 is mounted so as to follow the main rod 1. Further, when a certain force is applied from the side of the rod 1, the cylinder 15 is smooth. It is important to set the pressure on the high pressure side of the cylinder 15 to be reduced. Therefore, the cylinder 15 is attached, for example, in the case of connecting the fulcrum A and the fulcrum mounted on the second arm 22 in FIG. 1 or in the case of connecting the fulcrum A and the fulcrum C provided on the working unit 40. But it is feasible.

  In FIG. 2, a cylinder having a structure in which the rod 54 of the piston 53 is attached in the right direction instead of the left direction in the figure can be applied. In this case, the rod 54 is configured such that pressure is always applied to the contraction side. In this case, for example, in FIG. 1, the cylinder can be attached so that the fulcrum D and the first arm 21 or the second arm 22 or the fulcrum C and the first arm 21 are connected. . That is, even when setting is made so that a force acts in the direction in which the cylinder contracts, if the cylinder is mounted so that the working unit 40 is biased in the heel 1 direction (the right direction in FIGS. 1 and 3). The present invention can be realized.

  In the first embodiment, the quasi-parallel link moves substantially parallel to the heel 1 in a state where the wiping operation is assumed, as also indicated by the solid line and the two-dot chain line in FIG. As described above, the positional relationship between the arms (21, 22) and the fulcrums (16, 18, 31, 32) is set so that an appropriate wrinkling operation can be performed.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of mounting on the tractor of the glazing machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The present Example 2 is a coater having a configuration in which the quasi-parallel link of Example 1 is replaced with a pure parallel link. That is, the first arm 71 and the second arm 72 connecting the mounting portion 77 and the fulcrum (75, 76, 73, 74) provided in the working unit 40 and horizontally rotatable in the second embodiment have the same length. It is configured in parallel. As a result, the working unit 40 can move substantially in parallel with the bag. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment. The cylinder 15 is also the same as that of the first embodiment, and may be attached to the parallel link mechanism so that the working unit 40 is urged in the saddle direction.

  FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a glazing machine according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the third embodiment, the mounting portion 85 has attachment portions 12 to 14 to the tractor 2 and is connected to the tractor 2. And the working part 40 has the pre-processing part 36 and the ridge forming part 37 similarly to Example 1, and the pre-processing part 36 has the tilling nail | claw 35 grade | etc., And the work which scrapes off old soil and scrapes soil. Do. On the other hand, the cocoon forming part 37 is located behind the pre-processing part 36 and is constituted by a disk or the like, and performs an operation of painting the scraped soil into a cocoon shape.

  The mounting unit 85 and the working unit 40 are connected by an intermediate frame 83 to a mounting unit side fulcrum 82 provided on the mounting unit 85 side and a working unit side fulcrum 84 provided on the working unit 40 side. The mounting portion side fulcrum 82 and the working portion side fulcrum 84 are fulcrums that allow the intermediate frame 83 to be rotated in the horizontal direction.

  In addition, transmission of power from the tractor 2 is performed by, for example, a chain or bevel gear provided in the intermediate frame from the input shaft provided in the attachment portion via the bevel gear and via the shaft having the same center as the attachment portion side fulcrum 82. Is transmitted to the working unit 40 through a shaft having the same center as that of the working unit side fulcrum 84. In the working unit 40, the preprocessing unit 36 is transmitted through a gear, a bevel gear, a shaft, a chain, or the like. Power is transmitted to the ridge forming part 37.

  The cylinder 15 connects a fulcrum G provided in the mounting portion and a fulcrum H provided in the intermediate frame. These fulcrums are fulcrums that allow the cylinder 15 to be rotated in the horizontal direction. When the cylinder 15 is extended, the intermediate frame rotates counterclockwise around the mounting portion side fulcrum 82 in FIG. The part 40 is configured to move to the heel 1 side.

  The configuration of the cylinder 15 of the third embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment (FIG. 2 and paragraphs 0016 to 0019).

  On the other hand, in the third embodiment, the separate cylinder 88 is attached so as to connect the first separate fulcrum 86 provided on the intermediate frame 83 and the second separate fulcrum 87 provided on the working unit 40 side. These fulcrums are fulcrums that allow the separate cylinder 88 to be rotated in the horizontal direction. When the posture of the working unit 40 changes due to the rotation of the intermediate frame 83, the separate cylinder 88 corrects the angle of the working unit 40 with respect to the rod 1 and keeps the angle of the working unit 40 constant with respect to the rod 1. Is. For example, even when the intermediate frame 83 rotates using the direction sensor, the angle of the working unit 40 can be adjusted by operating the separate cylinder 88 so as to face a certain direction. Moreover, the valve 56 can be installed in the mounting part 85 as the hydraulic valve 17 of FIG.

  FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an example when the trouser is mounted on a tractor according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, it can be seen that when the cylinder 15 extends, the working unit 40 moves from the position of the two-dot chain line to the position of the solid line. Since the cylinder 15 is urged toward the extending side, the working unit 40 is always urged toward the heel 1 side. On the other hand, when the working unit 40 receives a certain force from the side of the heel 1 by operating the tractor 2, etc., the force is transmitted to the cylinder 15 and the pressure in the cylinder chamber 51 is increased. The valve 56 is depressurized so that a certain level of force is not applied to the bag 1.

FIG. 7 shows an example of the glazing operation of the glazing machine according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Actually, the wrinkle coater is attached to the tractor, but the tractor is omitted in the figure for the sake of explanation. In FIG. 7, when the trouser moves from (a) to (b) by the operation of the tractor and the tractor approaches the heel 1, the working unit 40 receives the reaction force from the heel 1, and the cylinder 15 The force works in the direction of shrinking. As a result, the pressure in the first cylinder chamber 51 is increased, and when the pressure exceeds the set constant pressure, the pressure is reduced by the valve 56. Then, the cylinder 15 can be formed into a straight rod 1 without the shrinking working unit 40 moving in the lateral direction of the tractor and excessively pressing the main rod.
On the other hand, when the lacquer is moved from (b) to (c) by the operation of the tractor and the tractor is separated from the ridge 1, the working unit 40 causes the cylinder 15 to move by the pressure in the extending direction by the pump 58 of the cylinder 15. It is possible to follow without stretching and leaving the fountain 1. The follow-up of the working unit 40 to the main shaft 1 with respect to the movement of the tractor is the same in the first and second embodiments.

  In FIG. 2, a cylinder having a structure in which the rod 54 of the piston 53 is attached in the right direction instead of the left direction in the figure can be applied. In this case, the rod 54 is configured such that pressure is always applied to the contraction side. In this case, for example, the cylinder can be attached so as to connect the fulcrum J provided in the mounting portion 85 and the fulcrum K provided in the intermediate frame 83 in FIG. That is, even when the force is applied in the direction in which the cylinder contracts, if the cylinder is mounted so that the working unit 40 is biased in the heel 1 direction (right direction in FIGS. 5 to 7), The invention can be realized.

  Examples 1 to 3 are examples of a brush coater, but the present invention has a mounting portion and a working portion regardless of the brush coater, and these are at least during the work of the working portion. Any offset working machine can be applied as long as the working unit is connected by a link mechanism that can move in a direction in which the working unit moves toward and away from the work surface. For example, in the case of a mower, when the work part (roller or the like) is pressed against the reed in the case of mowing the reed's grass, The working mechanism of the mower can be applied to work following the reed by the same mechanism that follows the reed. In addition to this, for example, in the case of a ditching machine, when performing a ditching operation or when pressing against the side of an old ditch, the wrinkle coater shown in the above Examples 1 to 3 is used as a base. The working mechanism of the ditching machine can be applied to follow the side of the old groove with the same mechanism as the following mechanism.

  As described above, according to the present invention shown in the first to third embodiments, the simple cylinder 15 using the valve is used, so that the working unit 40 can be applied to the marshal regardless of the driving operation and skill of the operator. Work while following.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows one form of the cylinder in this invention. It is a top view which shows an example at the time of mounting | wearing with the tractor of the coating machine of Example 1 of this invention. It is a top view which shows an example at the time of mounting | wearing with the tractor of the coating machine of Example 2 of this invention. It is a top view which shows one form of the surface coating machine of Example 3 of this invention. It is a top view which shows an example at the time of mounting | wearing with the tractor of the coating machine of Example 3 of this invention. An example at the time of the smearing operation | work of the smearing machine of Example 3 of this invention is shown.

Explanation of symbols

1 畦 2 Tractor 11 mounting part (Example 1)
12-14 Attaching part 15 Cylinder 16 1st fulcrum 17 Hydraulic valve 18 2nd fulcrum 21 1st arm 22 2nd arm 23 Joint 31 3rd fulcrum 32 4th fulcrum 35 Tillage nail 36 Pretreatment part 37 Casket forming unit 40 Working unit 51 First cylinder chamber 52 Second cylinder chamber 53 Piston 54 Rod 55 First channel 56 Valve 57 Second channel 58 Pump 59 Tank 60 Third channel 61 Fourth channel Flow path 71 First arm 72 Second arm 73 First fulcrum 74 Second fulcrum 75 Third fulcrum 76 Fourth fulcrum 77 Mounting portion (Example 2)
82 Mounting portion side fulcrum 83 Intermediate frame 84 Working portion side fulcrum 85 Mounting portion (Example 3)
86 First fulcrum 87 Second fulcrum 88 Separate cylinders A to H, J, K

Claims (4)

A mounting portion that is mounted on a rear portion of the traveling machine body and that is mounted on the traveling machine body; and a working unit that performs work by power from the traveling machine body, wherein the mounting unit and the working unit are at least work of the working unit. In the offset working machine that is connected by a link mechanism that allows the working unit to move in the direction of contacting and separating from the work surface at the time,
A hydraulic cylinder, which is divided by a piston and has a pressure set in one cylinder chamber higher than the pressure in the other cylinder chamber, is mounted on the link mechanism so that the working portion is biased toward the work surface. ,
An offset working machine, wherein a valve is provided in the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic cylinder for reducing the pressure when the pressure of the cylinder chamber in which the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is set higher than a certain pressure.   The offset working machine according to claim 1, wherein the link mechanism is a quasi-parallel link mechanism or a parallel link mechanism. 2. The offset working machine according to claim 1, wherein the link mechanism includes an intermediate frame that connects the mounting unit and the working unit, and the intermediate frame rotates in a horizontal direction provided in the mounting unit. It is a mechanism that is connected by a possible mounting part side fulcrum and a working part side fulcrum that is provided on the working part side and can be rotated in the horizontal direction,
The offset working machine, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is attached to the attachment portion and the intermediate frame so as to connect respective fulcrums provided separately from the attachment portion side fulcrum.   The offset working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the constant pressure in the valve for reducing the pressure equal to or higher than the constant pressure is adjustable by an adjusting member provided in the valve. An offset work machine characterized by

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