JP2008162920A - Composition for controlling plant pest - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition for controlling a plant pest, having high insecticidal effects and also bacteriocidal effects, and originated from a safe natural component. <P>SOLUTION: The composition for controlling the plant pest contains as an active ingredient the extracts of one or more kinds of crude medicines selected from the group consisting of the crude medicines consisting of a dried fruit of Melia azedarach L, a dried root of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Rgl. or the like, a dried fruit of Gleditsia sinensis Lam., a dried root of Achyranthes bidentata Blume or the like, a dried tuberous root of Stemona sessilifolia (Miq.) Fr. et Sav. or the like, a dried young seedling of Artemisia capillaris Th, a dried capitate flower of Dendranthema indicum (L.), a dried leaf of Artemisia argyi Level. et Vant. or the like, a dried whole grass of Euphorbia helioscopia L., a dried leaf of Ginkgo biloba L., a dried leaf of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, a dried fruit of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, a dried whole grass of Polygonum hydropiper L., a dried root of Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr., a dried root of Euphorbia fischeriana Stend., a dried flower, leaf or seed of Datura Tatula Linne, and a dried tuberous root of Arisaema consanguineum Schott. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant pest control composition, and in particular, beetle, bald eagle, red horned beetle, gourd, sandalwood, dianthus, hornbill, moth, duckweed, euphorbia, ginkgo biloba, peach leaf, elderberry, willow tree, tiger moth, wax wolf, mandala and The present invention relates to a plant pest control composition comprising, as an active ingredient, an extract of at least one herbal medicine selected from the group consisting of nansho.

  In the past, many insecticides for plants have an organophosphorus pesticide, a carbamate pesticide and a chemically synthesized substance such as heavy metals as active ingredients. Such insecticides have a high insecticidal effect, but are often toxic to the human body and other animals, and since there is a problem of residual in the environment, in recent years, these chemical synthetic substances are not included. Naturally occurring insecticides have attracted attention.

  Pyrethroid insecticides derived from insecticide chrysanthemums (Patent Document 1) are in practical use as insecticides of naturally derived components (Patent Document 1). Pyrethroid insecticides are instantly effective, have a broad insecticidal spectrum, and have extremely low toxicity to warm-blooded animals including humans, and are therefore widely used in household insecticides and agricultural and horticultural insecticides.

  However, since pyrethroid derivatives currently used are almost manufactured by chemical synthesis, drug resistance has been recognized through long-term use. There is still a need for the development of pest control agents derived from natural ingredients that are safe and have a high insecticidal effect.

On the other hand, it is necessary to control not only pests but also diseases such as mosaic disease and anthracnose in agriculture and horticulture. However, regardless of whether it is a chemically synthesized component or a naturally derived component, in the case of a single agent or a single naturally derived component (extract), there are almost no drugs that have both a pest control effect and a disease control effect.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-101509

  An object of the present invention is to provide a safe composition for controlling plant pests derived from natural ingredients, which has a high insecticidal effect and also has a bactericidal effect.

  As a result of intensive research, the present inventor has shown that some herbal extracts have an insecticidal effect against unpleasant pests and agricultural and horticultural pests, and against plant pathogens such as mosaic disease and anthracnose However, the present inventors have found that it has a bactericidal effect, and that these herbal extracts are useful as a safe and effective plant pest control composition, and have completed the present invention.

  That is, the present invention is a herbal medicine group consisting of Crenshi, Bald eagle, Carpenter beetle, Goshtsu, Byakubu, Inchinkou, Nogiokuka, Guiyo, Duckweed, Euphorbiaceae, Ginkgo biloba, Peach leaf, Elderberry, Willow tree, Tiger, Rhododendron, Mandala, and Tennansho The present invention relates to a plant pest control composition comprising an extract of at least one selected herbal medicine as an active ingredient.

  The extract is an extract extracted with a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, chloroform, and ether, or a mixed solvent of two or more solvents that can be mixed. preferable.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while showing the high insecticidal effect with respect to various unpleasant pests and agricultural and horticultural pests, the plant pest control composition which has a bactericidal effect also with respect to the causative agent of a plant disease is provided. Since the raw material of the plant pest control composition of the present invention is derived from a safe natural component that is also used as a herbal medicine, it is extremely low in toxicity to animals such as humans and is hardly contaminated with the environment. Furthermore, organic cultivation (Japanese agricultural and forestry standard) using this is possible.

  The raw materials for the plant pest control composition of the present invention are: Crenshi, Bald eagle, Red horned beetle, Ginkgo biloba, Ginkgo biloba, Chinese horned moth, Ginkgo biloba, Duckweed, Ginkgo biloba, Ginkgo biloba, Peach leaf, Dwarf, Yanagita, Taigeki, Rhododendron, mandala It is 18 kinds of herbs of Nansha. Hereinafter, these crude drugs will be briefly described.

  Crenshi (bitter melon) is a dried fruit of the Sendai family Sendai (Melia azedarach L.). Bald eagle (Bald eagle) is a buttercup family bald eagle Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Rgl. Roots such as (Hirohakinagusa) are dried. The red croaker (acupuncture) is a leguminous tree, Gleditsia sinensis Lam. This is a dried fruit of (Tousaikachi). Goshitsu (cow knee) is obtained by drying roots such as Achyranthes bidenta Blue of the Amaranthaceae. Sandalwood (100 parts) is a part of Stemonia sessilifolia (Miq.) Fr. et Sav. (Tachibyakubu), 100 vines japonica Miq. (Tsurubiakubu), or 100 parts of anti-leaf tuberosa Lour. The tuberous root is dried. Inchinko is a dried seedling of the Artemisia capillaris Th. Nogi-kuka (Nogiku Flower) is a dried flower of the head of Dendranthema indicum (L.). Gaiyou (Amber leaves) is a asteraceae, Artemisia argyi Level. et Vant. Or the leaf of the same genus plant is dried. The duckweed is a dried whole plant of the duckweed family Spirodella polyrrhiza. Euphorbia, Euphorbia helioscopia L. The whole plant is dried. Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgo biloba) is Ginkgo biloba L. The leaves are dried. The peach leaf (peach leaf) is a dried leaf of the rose family Prunus persica (L.) Batsch. Niwaurushi (garden lacquer) is obtained by drying the fruit of the Ilanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle. Yanagita (Yanagi) is a member of Polygonum hydroliper L. The whole plant is dried. The tiger lizard (Daegu) is Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr. The roots are dried. Loudoku (wolf venom) is Euphorbia fischeriana Send. The roots are dried. Mandala (mandala) is a dried flower, leaf and seed of the solanaceae Data Tataura Linne or Datara stronmonium Linne. Tennansho (Tennansei) is a dried tuber of the Arisaema consangineum Schott.

  Some crude drugs are derived from different plants, but since the active ingredients are similar, even crude drugs derived from different sources can be used in the present invention. In addition, any of the above herbal medicines is commercially available, and can be obtained at a low price, particularly in China.

  The above crude drugs are dried, but raw ones can also be used in the present invention. The dried product is preferably used because it can obtain a high concentration of active ingredient in a relatively small amount and can be stored for a long time. The drying method is not particularly limited as long as it is a general method for producing a crude drug, and examples thereof include natural drying and heat drying. In order to avoid destruction of the active ingredient as much as possible, natural drying (sun drying or shade drying) is preferable. In addition, if necessary, a pretreatment such as boiling may be performed before drying, or a post-processing such as beeswax may be performed after drying.

  The solvent used for extraction in the present invention is not particularly limited. One solvent selected from the solvent group consisting of water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, chloroform, and ether, or a mixed solvent of two or more solvents that can be mixed is preferably used. The mixed solvent of two or more kinds of solvents that can be mixed refers to a mixed solvent that does not separate into two or more phases even when two or more kinds of solvents are mixed. As such a mixed solvent, a mixed solvent of water and ethanol is particularly preferably used. The concentration of ethanol in water is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and particularly preferably 95%.

  Although the usage-amount of the solvent by the mass reference | standard of a crude drug will not be specifically limited if it can extract, Preferably it is 0.1-100 times of a dry crude drug, More preferably, it is 1-50 times. Although extraction temperature is not specifically limited, What is necessary is just to be more than melting | fusing point of a solvent and below boiling point, Preferably it is 50 degrees C or less, More preferably, it is 1-30 degreeC. The extraction time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 12 hours or more, and more preferably 24 hours or more in order to extract a larger amount of the active ingredient.

  The plant pest control composition of the present invention comprises one or more herbal extracts as active ingredients. Here, the extract refers to both an extract containing no crude drug residue and a dried product obtained by evaporating the solvent in the extract. Even one kind of herbal extract has sufficient plant pest control effect, but if you mix several kinds of herbal extracts as needed, you can get a broad insecticidal and bactericidal spectrum and higher effect. can get. The extract may be used, and may be concentrated, diluted, or solvent exchanged as necessary.

  The plant pest control composition of the present invention may be in various dosage forms, for example, a liquid, a powder, a granule, a wettable powder, an emulsion, a suspension, an oil, or an aerosol, as necessary. In this case, auxiliary agents such as dissolution aids, suspension dispersion aids, emulsifiers, liquid modifiers, thickeners, disintegrating dispersants, spreaders, spreaders, moisturizers, stabilizers, etc., as necessary. An agent may be blended. These auxiliaries are not particularly limited as long as they are generally used in this field. Further, if necessary, a synergist that enhances the insecticidal effect may be added, and the synergist is particularly limited as long as it is generally used, such as piperonyl butoxide (PBO). Not. The dry crude drug used for extraction is preferably 0.01 to 100% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 90% by mass, based on the total mass of the preparation. Moreover, it is preferable that the compounding quantity of a synergist is 0.1-50 weight% with respect to the total mass of a formulation, and it is especially preferable that it is 0.5-30 weight%.

  The crops to which the plant pest control composition of the present invention is applied include all cultivated plants. For example, cucumbers, melons and pumpkins, cucurbits such as rice, barley, wheat, corn and oats, solanaceae such as tomatoes, eggplants and potatoes, peas, soybeans, kidney beans, alfalfa, peanuts and broad beans Legumes such as radish, Chinese cabbage and cabbage, rose family such as strawberry, apple and pear, mulberry plant such as mulberry, mallow family such as cotton, seri such as carrot, parsley and celery Aceae plants, asteraceae plants such as burdock, sunflower, chrysanthemum and lettuce, vines such as grapes, roses such as peaches, plums and apples.

  The pests to which the plant pest control composition of the present invention is applied are not particularly limited, and include not only agricultural pests that harm the crops but also unpleasant pests, sanitary pests, and house pests. Examples thereof include agricultural pests such as various aphids, moth larvae, grasshoppers, planthoppers, fruit flies, moths, stink bugs, thrips, spider mites, weevil, scabies and bark beetles. Moreover, unpleasant pests and sanitary pests such as mosquitoes, flies, ants, cockroaches, centipedes, kelps, mites, house ticks, lice, bedbugs, fleas, burdocks and maggots can be mentioned.

  The applicable diseases of the plant pest control composition of the present invention are not particularly limited, and include plant diseases of all the above crops having bacteria, molds or viruses as pathogens. For example, cucumber anthracnose fungi, rice blast fungus, rice sesame leaf blight fungus, potato powdery scab fungus, potato epidemic fungus, soybean downy mildew, barley powdery mildew fungus, wheat powdery mildew fungus, wheat red mold fungus, pea Brown rot fungus, wheat rot fungus nucleus rot fungus, wheat red rust fungus, corn smut fungus, barley strain rot fungus, potato black rot fungus, rice wilt, potato summer rot fungus, soybean purple spot fungus, sweet potato vine split fungus, Melon vine split fungus, lettuce root rot fungus, tomato wilt fungus, spinach wilt fungus, tomato half-wilt fungus, cruciferous root-knot fungus, cucumber seedling fungus, strawberry gray mold fungus, tomato anthracnose fungus, barley, wheat black knot Pathogenic fungi, potato black rot fungus, rice white leaf blight fungus, potato scab fungus, wheat dwarf virus, soybean mosaic Luz, alfalfa mosaic virus, and the like diseases caused by potato leaf curl virus and the like.

  The method for controlling a plant pest of the present invention includes a step of applying the plant pest control composition of the present invention to a target plant. Although the process to apply is not specifically limited, For example, the direct application | coating and application | coating process to the whole plant or a part (for example, leaf) is mentioned, for example. Also included are soaking in plant roots, mixing with soil and hydroponics. The application timing is not particularly limited, but it is effective to apply a plurality of times at regular intervals.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further more concretely based on a manufacture example and an Example, this invention is not limited to a following example at all.

(Production Example 1) Manufacture of herbal extracts Extracts of dried lentils, bald peas, red horned beetles, citrus, sandalwood, gentian, hornbill, geese, duckweed, euphorbia, ginkgo biloba, peach leaf, elderberry, willow, mosquito, mandala, and mandala Each 10 kg of tennansho was weighed, dipped in 9 kg of 95% ethanol, and allowed to stand at room temperature for 10 days. Ten days later, the crude drug residue was removed by filtration, and each extract was obtained. The obtained extracts exhibited the colors shown in Table 1 below. The following insecticidal test and bactericidal test were conducted using these extracts.

(Example 1) Insecticidal test for flies Prepare a square mesh cage with a lid, apply the extract obtained in Production Example 1 uniformly on all mesh surfaces, then release one fly into the cage, Time to death was measured. A similar test was conducted when 40 mL of piperonyl butoxide (PBO) was added as a synergist to 500 mL of the extract. The time from death to death is shown in Table 2 below. Note that no insecticidal effect was observed with 95% ethanol alone (control).

  From the above results, it was found that these herbal extracts have an insecticidal effect on flies. Furthermore, when the synergist piperonyl butoxide was added, the insecticidal effect was enhanced.

(Example 2) Insecticidal test against various unpleasant pests Select a sealed place where a large amount of unpleasant pests such as flies and mosquitoes live, and extract the herbal medicine extract obtained in Production Example 1 on the walls, ceiling and air. Sprayed. After 1 to 5 minutes, unpleasant pests died and fell to the ground. What was attached to the wall and ceiling and what was flying in the air was confirmed visually as being surviving. The results are shown in Table 3 below. In addition, the insecticidal effect was not recognized by control.

  From the above results, it was confirmed that tennansho, mandala and crenci have a high insecticidal effect not only on flies but also on mosquitoes. Although the results are not shown here, the extracts of the 18 kinds of herbal medicines of the present invention have an insecticidal effect against Nanjing insects, fleas, lice, bowfish and maggots, although the effects differ depending on the herbal medicine. It was recognized that

(Example 3) Insecticidal test against larvae of damselfish After preparing a glass bottle and applying the herbal medicine extract obtained in Production Example 1 on the inner wall, one larvae of crocodile moth (Agrotis exclamationis information) was placed in the glass bottle. And measured the time to death. The time from death to death is shown in Table 4 below. In addition, the insecticidal effect was not recognized by control.

(Example 4) Insecticidal test for larvae of Ipponces sparrow The target pests of this test were larvae of Ipterces silhetensis silhetensis. First, 108 ml of the sandalwood extract obtained in Production Example 1, 108 ml of the pickled extract, 108 ml of the wax extract, 108 ml of the mandala extract, emulsifier (agrochemical emulsifier (phenol formaldehyde resin ether of polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block copolymer, dodecyl) (Including calcium benzenesulfonate and xylene); China Petrochemical Group Jinling Petroleum Chemical Co., Ltd.) 30 mL and piperonyl butoxide 40 mL were mixed, and 300 mL was taken from the mixture and dissolved in 15 Kg of water to prepare a plant pest control composition. . The target plant of the test was a peach tree, and the prepared composition was spread evenly over 10 peach trees. Five days later, the second spraying was performed. After the second spraying, it was observed that all the larvae of Ipponces sparrows were controlled. In addition, the same amount of 95% ethanol was similarly mixed with an emulsifier and PBO for dilution (control). As a result, no insecticidal effect was observed.

(Example 5) Insecticidal test against larvae of Sesjhi Trigger The target pests in this test were larvae of Spisoma menthastri (Esper). The plant pest control composition used in this example was the same as in Example 4. The target plants for the test were Chinese cabbage and radish, and the prepared composition was spread evenly over the 80 m ² Chinese cabbage and radish field around 6-7 o'clock in the evening. When it was confirmed around 8 o'clock the next morning, it was found that all the larvae of Sesjhi Trigger were controlled. In addition, the insecticidal effect was not recognized by control.

(Example 6) Insecticidal test against aphids The target pests of this test are aphids, such as bean aphids (Aphis craccivora Koch), potato aphids (Aulacorthum solani), peach aphids (Myzus persicae), and radicon aphids. And Lipaphis erysimi. As target plants, peach tree, apple tree, Chinese cabbage, bell pepper, cucumber, radish and eggplant were adopted.

  First, 108 mL of the sandalwood extract obtained in Production Example 1, 108 mL of the cypress extract, 108 mL of the wax extract, 108 mL of duckweed extract, 30 mL of emulsifier, and 40 mL of piperonyl butoxide were mixed to obtain a composition having a total amount of 502 mL.

  For 10 peach trees and 10 apple trees, first, the composition diluted 30 times with water was spread evenly on the first day. On day 6, the composition diluted 20 times with water was spread evenly. Furthermore, the composition diluted 15 times with water was spread evenly on the 11th day. Later, it was confirmed that all aphids found in these fruit trees were controlled. In addition, the insecticidal effect was not recognized by control.

Moreover, the composition diluted 30 times with water was uniformly sprayed on the first day, the second day, and the third day on the fields of cabbage, pepper, cucumber, radish and eggplant (about 1,000 m ² ). After that, it was confirmed that all aphids recognized in these vegetables were controlled. In addition, the insecticidal effect was not recognized by control.

(Example 7) Insecticidal test for Tonosama grasshopper The target pest of this test was Tosama grasshopper (Locusta migratoria Linnaeus), and the target plant was Chinese cabbage. First, 143 mL, 30 mL of an emulsifier, and 40 mL of piperonyl butoxide, respectively, obtained from Production Example 1 were mixed to obtain a composition having a total amount of 498 mL.

  The above-mentioned composition diluted 50 times with water was sprayed evenly around 7 o'clock in the evening on a Chinese cabbage field in which about 7 or 8 Tonosama grasshoppers were confirmed. It was confirmed that all Tonosama grasshoppers were killed around 8 o'clock the next morning. In addition, the insecticidal effect was not recognized by control.

(Example 8) Insecticidal test against ants The plant pest control composition used in Example 4 diluted 20 times with water was evenly sprayed on the walls and corners of indoor basements where ants live. On the seventh day, a second spray of the same composition diluted 15-fold with water was performed. Later, the annihilation of ants was confirmed. In addition, the insecticidal effect was not recognized by control.

(Example 9) Insecticidal test against kerats The bald pea extract 72 mL obtained from Production Example 1, the Inchinkou extract 72 mL, the cabbage extract 72 mL, the carp extract 72 mL, the spinach extract 72 mL, the juniper extract 72 mL, the emulsifier 30 mL, and Piperonyl butoxide 40mL was mixed and the plant pest control composition of the total amount 502mL was obtained. The above composition diluted 100 to 150 times with water was sprayed on three wigs (Gryllotapa orientalis Burmeister), and after three to five minutes, the three wigs were annihilated. In addition, the insecticidal effect was not recognized by control.

(Example 10) Bactericidal test -1 against plant disease-causing bacteria-1
Ginkgo biloba extract 71.4 mL obtained from Production Example 1, Bald eagle extract 71.4 mL, Carp extract 71.4 mL, Veronica extract 71.4 mL, Inchinkou extract 71.4 mL, Sandalwood extract 71.4 mL, The 71.4 mL of the liquid extract and 30 mL of the emulsifier were mixed to obtain a plant pest control composition having a total amount of about 530 mL.

Cucumber spot Bacterial (Pseudomonas syringae pv. Lachrymans), the cucumber downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubennsis) and cucumber leaf spot (Cercospora citrullina Cooke) cucumber field of 80 m ² was observed, the composition was diluted 20-fold with water Sprayed 3 times every 5 days. After spraying, disease progression stopped, the yellow spots on the cucumber leaves decreased, and the whole leaves turned green. In the control, the disease progressed and yellow spots increased.

(Example 11) Bactericidal test-2 against plant disease-causing bacteria
83.3 mL of sandalwood extract obtained in Production Example 1, 83.3 mL of cabbage extract,
A bald eagle extract 83.3 mL, an Inchinkou extract 83.3 mL, a honey beet extract 83.3 mL, a pickle extract 83.3 mL, and an emulsifier 30 mL were mixed to obtain a plant pest control composition having a total amount of about 530 mL.

The above composition diluted 30 times with water was sprayed twice every 5 days on a 60 m ² eggplant field in which eggplant half blight (Fusarium oxysporum f. Melogenenae) was observed. After spraying, disease progression stopped and eggplant leaves turned green. In the control, the progress of disease progressed and the number of yellow partially withered leaves increased.

Claims (2)

  At least 1 selected from the herbal medicine group consisting of Crenshi, Bald-headed Crested Beetle, Prickly Pear, Goshtsu, Sandalwood, Inchinkou, Giant Spider, Guillain, Duckweed, Spurgeon, Ginkgo Leaves, Peach Leaves, Elderly Sowers, Willow Trees, Tiger's Grass, Rhododendron, Mandala, and Tennansho A plant pest control composition comprising an extract of herbal medicines of more than one species as an active ingredient.   The extract is an extract extracted with a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, chloroform and ether, or a mixed solvent of two or more solvents that can be mixed. Item 2. The plant pest control composition according to Item 1.