JP2008143879A - Manure to increase axillary bud - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology to promote axillary bud formation in plants for agriculture and horticulture. <P>SOLUTION: This manure composition contains a compound having a phosphite group, and axillary bud formation of agriculture and horticulture plants is promoted using it to them. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an effective fertilization technique.

  When cultivating crops, various fertilizer components, mainly nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium, are applied according to the type of crop and the growth stage. The purpose of applying fertilizer is to increase the yield, to increase seeds in cereals, fruits in fruits and fruits and vegetables, tuberous roots in root vegetables, leaves in leafy vegetables and tea, and buds or flower buds in lawns and flowering plants. In addition, in order to maximize the harvested part, the nitrogen component is relatively increased in the vegetative growth period, and in leaf vegetables and teas, and in crops that harvest fruits and flowers, phosphate and potassium are added according to the reproductive growth period. Relatively increasing fertilization is a generally well-known technique.

  Increase of buds is an important issue in certain crops. As a fertilization technique, generally, phosphoric acid and potassium are relatively increased while suppressing nitrogen fertilization. In spray chrysanthemum cultivation and making seedlings for cutting buds, top buds are removed to promote the growth of buds, and in lawns, drugs that inhibit the synthesis of gibberellins that promote top bud growth are also used. .

  Phosphorus, an important element of fertilizer, is often formulated as a phosphate. Phosphate ions are difficult to be absorbed from the foliage, and many are applied to the soil, forming stable salts that are difficult to dissolve in water by combining with metal ions in the soil. Therefore, it is the rate-determining component for the fertilizer effect in the low seasons. Phosphorous acid, on the other hand, has a higher dissociation constant than phosphoric acid, higher absorption efficiency from the foliage, and its metal salt has less soil adsorption. Has been used. Furthermore, a patent application has been filed for preventing the purple phenomenon caused by anthocyan that occurs on bent turf in the winter season (see Patent Document 2002-316907).

  Phosphorous acid is used as a fertilizer in Europe and the United States, and it is also used as a fungicide because of its effect of giving disease control to plants. The phosphite fertilizer currently used in Japan is potassium phosphite. A patent application has been filed for ammonium salts of phosphite fertilizers other than potassium salts (see Patent Document US Pat. No. 6,824,584). Potassium phosphite is often used as a liquid fertilizer because it has deliquescence, and it is a liquid compound fertilizer (trade name, phosphite) in which acetaldehyde condensate, a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, is mixed and dispersed in a potassium phosphite solution. Base Maruwa Biochemical Co., Ltd. product) is also on sale.

  On the other hand, contrary to the expected growth improvement, it is known that when hydroponic cultivation of paddy rice with addition of phosphorous acid occurs, depending on the concentration, it will die or the reproductive growth will be significantly inhibited and rooting and tilling will be promoted. (Refer to Non-patent Literature, Tochigi Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report No. 5, December 1965, pages 65-74).

  It is difficult to expect remarkable and fast-acting flower buds and lawn bud formation by fertilization. That is, a high fertilization technique is required in accordance with the balance between the nitrogen component that promotes vegetative growth and top bud priority, phosphoric acid and potassium effective for bud formation, and the degree of growth that varies depending on weather conditions. For example, bent turf in golf courses has low heat resistance, and the application of nitrogen fertilizer in summer is a big problem because it invites the chief and loses disease resistance except in cold regions. On the other hand, as a method that does not depend on fertilization, a method that inhibits the synthesis of the plant hormone gibberellin and promotes the development of axillary buds is not preferable because it impairs the shape of the leaf originally possessed by the plant. Also, in order to remove the top buds and secure an effective number of buds in making chrysanthemum, etc., a great effort is required.

  Most of the phosphite fertilizers used in Japan are used as single fertilizer liquid fertilizers because the potassium phosphite used has high deliquescence, but at the same time it is expensive and before being widely used. Has not reached. There is a need for a compound fertilizer that is inexpensive and easy to use.

  The inventors of the present invention have studied by paying attention to the fact that the compound having a phosphite group has a difference in the effect expression as a phosphate fertilizer compared to the compound having a phosphate group. As a result, as shown in the following test examples, it was found that treatment with bent turf resulted in a new increase in buds. It is a known fact that phosphoric acid is effective for rooting and bud development. However, if potassium phosphite is used, the effect expected of conventional phosphoric acid can be brought about more efficiently and quickly.

  In order to promote bud development, it is necessary to suppress apical dominance. At the same time, however, the application of nitrogen components necessary for vegetative growth is also an important technical issue. Split fertilization of fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer is one solution, but very simple fertilization is possible by mixing slow-acting nitrogen fertilizer with potassium phosphite.

  In addition, in the fertilizer concerning this invention, various fertilizer components can be mixed according to the objective. For example, a trace element such as magnesium, which is supposed to promote the effect of phosphate fertilizer, can be added, or a normal phosphate compound can be mixed in order to maintain the effect of phosphate fertilizer. Further, when a solid mixed fertilizer is prepared using potassium phosphite having deliquescence, caking can be prevented by mixing porous silicic acid powder, alumina, or a small amount of a surfactant.

  A simple bud formation technique is provided by mixing other fertilizer components with a compound having a phosphorous acid group.

  Provided is a technique for promoting the formation of buds while mixing a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer with a compound having a phosphite group to reduce the labor of fertilization and at the same time suppressing vegetative growth.

Best bear for carrying out the invention

Embodiments of the invention will be described based on preparation examples and comparative effect test examples.
(Preparation Example 1)
Acetaldehyde condensed fertilizer crushed to 60 mesh or less (nitrogen guaranteed value: 31%, product of Chisso Corporation) and potassium phosphite (potassium phosphite guaranteed value: 97% or more, product of Daido Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) 14.6 g, Ammonium sulfate (product of Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 10.4 g, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (product of SIGMA-ALDRICH Inc.) 0.2 g, porous silicic acid powder (product name: Carplex # 80, product of Degussa Japan Co., Ltd.) 3.8g was added and mixed and prepared.
Guaranteed component amount, N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O: Mg = 23%: 8%: 5%

(Preparation Example 2)
The mixture was prepared by adding 14.6 g of potassium phosphite, 10.4 g of ammonium sulfate, and 4.0 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate (product of Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) to 71.0 g of acetaldehyde condensed fertilizer pulverized to 60 mesh or less.
Guaranteed component amount, N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O: Mg = 23%: 8%: 5%: 0.7%

(Preparation Example 3)
To 55.0 g of acetaldehyde condensed fertilizer pulverized to 60 mesh or less, 37.7 g of potassium phosphite, 3.3 g of potassium chloride (product of Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and 4.0 g of porous silicic acid powder were mixed and prepared.
Guaranteed component amount, N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O = 16%: 21%: 16%

(Preparation Example 4)
To 54.4 g of coarse-grained acetaldehyde condensed fertilizer, 35.6 g of potassium phosphite and 10.0 g of porous silicic acid powder were added and mixed.
Guaranteed component amount, N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O = 16%: 20%: 13%

(Preparation Example 5)
To 52.0 g of coarse acetaldehyde condensed fertilizer, 33.0 g of potassium phosphite, 3.5 g of potassium chloride, and 11.5 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate were added and mixed.
Guaranteed component amount, N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O: Mg = 15%: 18%: 14%: 2%

(Preparation Example 6)
To 52.0 g of coarse-grained acetaldehyde condensed fertilizer, 33.0 g of potassium phosphite, 3.5 g of potassium chloride, 7.5 g of anhydrous manganese sulfate (product of Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and 4.0 g of porous silicic acid powder were added. A mixed preparation was made.
Guaranteed component amount, N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O: Mn = 15%: 18%: 14%: 2%

(Preparation Example 7)
To 54.4 g of coarse-grained acetaldehyde condensed fertilizer, 14.6 g of potassium phosphite, 26.0 g of monopotassium phosphate (product of Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and 5.0 g of porous silicic acid powder were mixed and prepared.
Guaranteed component amount, N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O = 16%: 21%: 14%

(Comparative Preparation Example 1)
To 71.0 g of acetaldehyde condensed fertilizer pulverized to 60 mesh or less, 16.6 g of solid monobasic potassium phosphate, 10.4 g of fine ammonium sulfate, and 2.0 g of porous silicic acid powder were added and mixed.
Guaranteed component amount, N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O = 23%: 8%: 5%

(Comparative Preparation Example 2)
To 54.4 g of coarse acetaldehyde condensed fertilizer, 42.0 g of monopotassium phosphate and 3.6 g of porous silicic acid powder were added and mixed.
Guaranteed component amount, N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O = 16%: 21%: 14%

  The above-mentioned preparation examples, comparative preparation examples or conventional fertilization effects on bent turf were compared and examined. The results are shown below.

(Grass bud formation test 1)
In the bent turf breeding field of Ryugasaki Country Club in Ibaraki Prefecture, Preparation Zone 1, Preparation Example 7, Comparative Preparation Example 1, and Comparative Preparation Example 2 twice at 10 m ² in 1 ward, June 13 and July 13, 2006 the by fertilizer was equivalent sprayed ^3g / m 2 / 500ml with watering was suspended in water. Control practices Zone _8% nitrogen on _{June, P 2 O 5 8%,} K 2 O8% formulation fertilizer 12 g / ^{m 2,} and _13% of _{nitrogen, P 2 O 5 0%,} K 2 O2% of The blended fertilizer was sprayed at 8 g / m ² . During the test period, mowing was performed once to twice a week. On August 3rd, a soil sampler with a punching area of 10.5 cm ² was extracted from each of the treatment zone and the customary zone, and the root length was measured after washing. Moreover, 1.5 cm or less was cut off from the ground, and it dried at 70 degreeC for 48 hours, and measured the weight. At the same time, the number of shoots was counted with a shoot number sampler having a punching area of 1.0 cm ² . The average value of the results is shown in Table 1.

(Grass bud formation test 2)
The fertilizer according to Preparation Example 1 was suspended in water twice in June 5 and June 29, 2006 at 10m ² in 1 ward at the pencross vent turf cultivation field at Kasumigaura Golf Club in Ibaraki Prefecture, 3g / m ² / 500 ml equivalent was sprayed. The control customary zone was 0.5 g / m ^{2 of} fertilizer containing 3% nitrogen, 3% P ₂ O _{5 and} 2% K ₂ O in June, 25% nitrogen in July, 20% P ₂ O ₅ and K ₂ O 13% compound fertilizer was sprayed at 0.5 g / m ² . During the test period, mowing was performed once to twice a week. On August 3rd, a soil sampler with a punching area of 10.5 cm ² was extracted from each of the treatment zone and the customary zone, and the root length was measured after washing. Moreover, 1.5 cm or less was cut off from the ground, and it dried at 70 degreeC for 48 hours, and measured the weight. At the same time, the number of shoots was counted with a shoot number sampler having a punching area of 1.0 cm ² . The average value of the results is shown in Table 2.

(Grass bud formation test 3)
In the vent turf training field of Sapporo, Hokkaido Bay Country Club, in the District 1 10m ² 6 May 8, 2006, two of the July 8, fertilizer was suspended in water by the Preparation Example ^1, 3g / m 2 / 500m1 Appreciable sprayed. The control customary zone consists of 15 g / m ^{2 of} fertilizer containing 10% nitrogen in June (2% of which is derived from slow-release nitrogen oxamide), P ₂ O ₅ 2%, K ₂ O 6%, and July. 5 g / m ² was sprayed. During the test period, mowing was performed once to twice a week. On August 8th, a soil sampler with a punching area of 10.5 cm ² was extracted from each of the treatment zone and the conventional zone, washed, and rooted to measure the root length. Moreover, 1.5 cm or less was cut off from the ground, and it dried at 70 degreeC for 48 hours, and measured the weight. At the same time, the number of shoots was counted with a shoot number sampler having a punching area of 1.0 cm ² . The average value of the results is shown in Table 3.

(Grass bud formation test 4)
In Domine cement bentgrass training field of Hokkaido Tomakomai Country Club Brooks Course, in District 1 10m ² 6 May 7, 2006, two of the July 6, fertilizer was suspended in water by the Preparation Example 1, 3g / m ² / 500ml was equivalent spraying. The control customary area was sprayed with 1.4 g of nitrogen containing slow-acting nitrogen, 1.2 g of P ₂ O _{5 and} 1.4 g of K ₂ O once each in June and July. During the test period, mowing was performed once to twice a week. On August 7, a soil sampler with a punching area of 10.5 cm ² was extracted from each of the treatment zone and the customary zone, washed, and rooted to measure the root length. Moreover, 15 cm or less was cut off from the ground, and it dried at 70 degreeC for 48 hours, and measured the weight. At the same time, the number of shoots was counted with a shoot number sampler having a punching area of 1.0 cm ² . The average value of the results is shown in Table 4.

Claims (4)

  A method of promoting the formation of buds of agricultural and horticultural crops by applying a composition containing a compound having a phosphite group and other fertilizer components as active ingredients.   A method of promoting bud formation of agricultural and horticultural crops by applying a composition containing a compound having a phosphite group and a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer as active ingredients.   An agricultural and horticultural composition containing a compound having a phosphite group and other fertilizer components as active ingredients to promote the formation of buds of plants.   An agricultural and horticultural composition that contains a compound having a phosphite group and a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer as active ingredients and promotes bud formation of plants.