JP2008125479A - Plant cultivation system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plant cultivation system which can manage the plant cultivation by a culturist himself and can perform farm works about once a week or two weeks in a field to cultivate the plants without help. <P>SOLUTION: This plant cultivation system which can automatically grow plants for a period having a nutritious liquid for supply is characterized by having a hydroponic apparatus 2 comprising a hydroponic bed 22 for culturing the plants on a water-absorbing film 24 in a state wherein the plants are separated from a nutritious liquid and a liquid-pouring/dropping device 23 for supplying the nutritious liquid so that the nutritious liquid in an amount necessary for the growth of the plants are always stored in a nutritious liquid tank 21 and dropping the nutritious liquid on a preliminary determined schedule, and an automatic green house control system 5 comprising a green house 3, an environmental data-measuring instrument 4b for measuring the data of an environment related to the growth of the plants, a green house environment-adjusting instrument 4c for adjusting an environment in the green house, and a green house environment control apparatus 4d for controlling the green house environment-adjusting instrument on the basis of the environmental data or the like to automatically control the environment of the green house to set values. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In the present invention, a grower who lives in a city or the like secures a plant cultivation place on a farmland in the countryside away from the daily life range, and only goes to the site once a week or every other week, The present invention relates to a plant cultivation system that performs plant cultivation by itself without requesting daily farming work to local farmers in the vicinity of farmland.

  Plant cultivation applicants who live in urban areas and operate farm gardens, etc., purchase fields in the country far away from their homes or use farmland for rental, go to the local area on weekends, By experiencing the cultivation of vegetables, etc., they are interested in living a life that combines both hobbies and profits. However, it may be necessary to work outside the weekend to grow crops in the field. For example, when there seems to be a significant change in the weather, such as rapid cooling at night, it is necessary to take countermeasures other than on weekends. Growers living in the city must go to the local area and carry out farm work every time. It is practically difficult. In fact, plants are often withered just by farming every weekend.

  Therefore, a farmer in the vicinity of the cultivation area is contracted to request farming work, and the applicant for cultivation uses the Internet line for images and videos of the growing conditions of the crops in the cultivation area taken with a WEB camera (live camera). A remote farming support system has been disclosed that confirms and transmits necessary request items to contracted farmers (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). This system allows neighboring farmers to take necessary daily farming work and emergency measures in the event of an emergency, so that those who wish to grow can only go to the weekend (or not at all) and keep their plants running smoothly. Can be nurtured.

On the other hand, when cultivating fruits and vegetables, hydroponics using a greenhouse has been conventionally performed as one method. Hydroponic cultivation in a greenhouse can be cultivated against weather changes if the daily environmental management in the house is sufficiently performed.
Moreover, in conventional hydroponics, the roots of plants absorb the nutrients so as to be directly immersed in the nutrient solution, and thus contamination with pathogenic bacteria becomes a problem. When a large number of strains share the nutrient solution, the cultivated plant may be annihilated. Then, the hydroponic culture system which isolate | separated the nutrient solution and the plant with the special film and hydroponically cultivated is proposed (nonpatent literature 1). According to this method, the nutrient solution is stored in the nutrient tank of the hydroponics bed that performs hydroponics, and the hydrogel that absorbs the nutrients and moisture contained in the nutrient solution on the surface of the nutrient solution A medium for growing plants on the water-absorbing film (including a medium composed of soil and root and a medium formed only of roots without using soil) is formed. Since the plant is cultivated in a state where the plant and the nutrient solution are isolated, the nutrient solution is completely sealed by the water-absorbing film, so that bacterial contamination of the nutrient solution is prevented. Moreover, it is not necessary to circulate the nutrient solution as in conventional hydroponics, and the amount of nutrient solution can be greatly reduced.
JP 2002-176855 A JP 2001-331551 A Mebiol Co., Ltd. “Hymec (registered trademark)”, [online], 1-5 pages, searched on November 10, 2006, Internet <http://www.mebiol.co.jp/rd-img/Hymec.pdf >

When a grower living in a city grows crops in a remote countryside farmland, the systems described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 require necessary farm work and management by making a contract with a nearby farmer. Was assumed to be executed. In this case, most of the labor required for actual cultivation depends on the neighboring farmers, and the cultivation is actually carried out by the neighboring farmers, and only a part of the work is performed by the grower himself. It was hard to say that they were growing. For this reason, even if plants grew and fruits and vegetables could be harvested, it was not possible to obtain the satisfaction of growing them all by themselves.
It is also possible for the grower himself to actively carry out actual farming work on his / her own behalf in place of the neighboring farmer who requests management, but in that case, the work sharing with the contracted farmer should be determined in advance. It is necessary, and contact and preparation for that are necessary. If the communication is insufficient, troubles such as duplication of farm work or inability to execute farm work may occur. In addition, when the plant withers, troubles may arise where any responsibility is a problem.

  Therefore, in the present invention, the grower who lives in a remote place away from the cultivation place where the plant is actually grown does not assume daily farming work by a neighboring farmer in the cultivation area, and in principle, the grower himself manages the plant cultivation. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a plant cultivation system capable of performing plant cultivation on its own by performing farm work locally at an interval of once a week or once every other week.

  Moreover, an object of this invention is to provide the plant cultivation system which can grow a plant unmanned substantially only by the operation | work only about once a week or about once every other week.

  The plant cultivation system of the present invention made to achieve the above object is as follows. (A) A medium for cultivating plants on a water-absorbing film is formed by laying a water-absorbing film on a nutrient solution stored in a nutrient tank. The hydroponic bed that cultivates the plant in a state where the plant and the nutrient solution are separated, stores the nutrient solution for replenishment in the tank, and grows the plant based on the signal of the water level sensor attached to the nutrient solution tank A hydroponic cultivation apparatus comprising an irrigation / drip device that replenishes the nutrient solution so that a necessary amount of nutrient solution is always stored in the nutrient solution tank and performs infusion based on a preset schedule; b) Greenhouse house that encloses the space where hydroponic cultivation equipment is installed, environmental data measurement device that measures environmental data related to plant growth, greenhouse house environment adjustment device that adjusts the environment in the greenhouse house, environmental data Depending on the measuring instrument Greenhouse house environment control device that automatically controls the greenhouse house to a set value by controlling the greenhouse house environment adjustment device based on the measured environmental data or the output data measured by the built-in sensor of the greenhouse house environment adjustment device (C) The hydroponic cultivation apparatus and the greenhouse house automatic control system allow the plant to grow unattended during the period in which the nutrient solution for replenishment remains.

Here, the “water-absorbing film” can support plants on the water-absorbing film, and the roots of the plant do not penetrate the water-absorbing film, but the film absorbs nutrients and water in the nutrient solution. A plant is one that can absorb the nutrients and water absorbed by the film.
The “medium” for cultivating plants consists of plant roots and soil, but some plants can be cultivated using only plant roots without using soil. Only the medium may be formed.
As for the “replenishment nutrient solution” stored by the irrigation / drip device, it is sufficient that at least an amount larger than the number of days until the next time the grower replenishes the nutrient solution is stored. That is, what is necessary is just to prepare the quantity which the plant on a nutrient solution tank does not wither. Usually, it is preferable to store the nutrient solution for half a year.

According to the present invention, the plant is cultivated on the nutrient solution tank of the hydroponic bed of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus, but with the water-absorbing film having the property of allowing the nutrients and moisture in the nutrient solution stored in the nutrient solution tank to permeate. Cultivate in a state where the plant and nutrient solution are isolated. With the water-absorbing film, the plant root absorbs water, nutrients and oxygen by the plant itself. This eliminates the need for watering and fertilizer care. On the other hand, in order to keep the water and nutrients absorbed by the plant, it is necessary to store the nutrient solution at an appropriate depth (for example, about 10 cm) in the nutrient tank, but the nutrient solution is stored in the replenishment tank. At the same time, the nutrient solution is replenished so that the amount of nutrient solution necessary for plant growth is always stored in the nutrient solution tank by the irrigation / drip device, so the air, water, and nutrients necessary for plant growth are always available. Secured. In addition, the irrigation / drip device instills the plant at a preset time such as in the morning and evening, so that the medium is kept moderately moistened and easily grown.
For the growth of plants, it is necessary to maintain the surrounding environment in an environment suitable for growth together with the supply of water and nutrients. Therefore, the surrounding environment is controlled by the greenhouse house automatic control system. That is, the space where this hydroponics device is installed is enclosed by a greenhouse, and the greenhouse house environment control device of the greenhouse house automatic control system is the environmental data measured by the environmental data measuring device, or the greenhouse house environment adjustment device Based on the output data measured by the built-in sensor, the greenhouse house environment adjusting device is controlled to automatically control the greenhouse house to be maintained at the set value. Specifically, the greenhouse house environmental adjustment device itself has a built-in sensor, and for those that are automatically controlled by monitoring the environment with the built-in sensor, the built-in sensor is not used without using the environmental data measured by the environmental data measurement device. Automatic control is performed using the output, and the environment is adjusted so as to be maintained at a preset value. If the greenhouse house environmental adjustment device does not have a built-in sensor, automatic control is performed based on the environmental data measured by the environmental data measurement device.
As a result, the greenhouse house is always maintained in an environment suitable for plant growth.
In this way, by constructing a plant cultivation system that uses a special water-absorbing film and a hydroponic cultivation apparatus equipped with an irrigation / drip device and a greenhouse house automatic control system, Maintain the conditions necessary for growth so that unattended cultivation can be carried out for one, two weeks or more. The grower then visits the greenhouse house once a week or once every other week to supplement the irrigation / drip device with additional nutrients, check equipment, and easily maintain crops. By continuing to grow plants.

According to the present invention, the plant can be cultivated unattended, except for visiting the cultivation place substantially once a week or once every other week and performing the work.
Moreover, the grower who lives in the city can cultivate plants on his own by performing farm work about once a week or about every other week without assuming daily farm work by neighboring farmers.

(Means and effects for solving other problems)
In the above invention, a greenhouse house management apparatus that collects image data of a plant installed in the vicinity of a greenhouse house and photographed by a camera that photographs the inside of the greenhouse house, and environmental data measured by an environmental data measuring device, and a grower And a terminal device connected to the greenhouse house management device through a communication line, and the grower receives the plant image data and environmental data collected by the greenhouse house management device with the terminal device. You may make it monitor the condition of a greenhouse.

Here, “near the greenhouse house” refers to a range in which a greenhouse house management device configured by a computer can collect video data and environmental data from the greenhouse house via a local network such as a wired LAN or a wireless LAN. Specifically, the greenhouse house management device may be installed in a villa, a management building, a work shed, etc. installed near the greenhouse house.
In addition, the “grower's living place” may be the grower's home, work place, or workplace.

According to the present invention, a greenhouse house management device installed in the vicinity of a greenhouse house collects image data of a plant photographed by a camera and environment data measured by an environment data measuring device. Data collection from a camera or environmental data measuring device is performed using a wired LAN or a wireless LAN.
And the video data and environmental data which the greenhouse house management apparatus collected are transmitted to the terminal device in a grower's living place via communication lines, such as the internet.
The grower checks the growth status of the plant and the presence or absence of abnormalities from the video data displayed on the terminal device, and grasps the environment of the greenhouse house based on the environmental data displayed on the terminal device. You can see how you are doing in your living place.

In the above invention, the irrigation / drip device may store at least one week of nutrient solution.
As a result, the grower only needs to visit the greenhouse house on a weekly basis and perform additional work such as supplementation of nutrient solution, so that even growers who can only go to the cultivation area on weekends can grow plants. it can.

  In the above invention, the water-absorbing film may be a hydrogel film. Here, “hydrogel” means a water-soluble or water-immersed polymer compound having a crosslinked structure or network structure, and water (or a liquid containing water as a main component) which is a dispersion liquid supported by the polymer. A gel containing at least Specifically, a water-absorbing film formed of a hydrogel called “hydromembrane” (manufactured by Meviol Co., Ltd.) is preferable, but not limited to this, any hydrogel film having similar properties may be used.

In the above invention, the environmental data in the greenhouse house measured by the environmental data measuring device may include temperature data in the greenhouse house.
Among the environmental data, the indoor temperature is particularly important. Therefore, by monitoring the indoor temperature at a minimum, it is possible to confirm whether the environment in which plants can grow is appropriate.

In the above invention, the environmental data in the greenhouse house measured by the environmental data measuring device further includes humidity data in addition to the temperature inside the greenhouse house, and further the temperature, humidity, and rainfall outside the greenhouse house. May be included.
Furthermore, the environmental data measured by the environmental data measuring device may further include at least one of data on the temperature of the nutrient solution stored in the nutrient solution tank, data on the wetness of the culture medium, and sunshine outside the greenhouse. It may be.

In the above invention, the environmental data in the greenhouse house measured by the environmental data measuring device further includes humidity data inside the greenhouse house, and further includes temperature, humidity, and rainfall data outside the greenhouse house. You may do it.
In the above invention, the environmental data measured by the environmental data measuring device includes at least one of data on the temperature of the nutrient solution stored in the nutrient solution tank, data on the wetness of the medium, and sunshine outside the greenhouse. Further, it may be included.

In the above-mentioned invention, the greenhouse house environment adjusting device includes a roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanism for a light-transmitting film constituting a wall surface of the greenhouse house, a roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanism for a light-shielding curtain on the greenhouse house, and a nutrient tank. You may make it provide at least any one of the adjustment mechanism of the nutrient solution temperature of the stored nutrient solution, and a ventilation fan.
By adjusting the ventilation fan and the light transmissive film constituting the side wall, the ventilation of the greenhouse can be controlled in summer, and the heat insulation can be controlled in winter, and an environment suitable for growth can be maintained. Further, by adjusting with a light-shielding curtain, it is possible to control light shielding in summer and heat retention in winter and maintain an environment suitable for growth. Moreover, by adjusting with the adjustment mechanism of the nutrient solution temperature of a nutrient solution tank, the water temperature of the root region of a plant can be controlled, the absorption of nutrients can be controlled, and the environment suitable for growth can be maintained.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and it goes without saying that various aspects are included without departing from the gist of the present invention.

(Embodiment 1)
1 is an overall view of a plant cultivation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus in the plant cultivation system of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a greenhouse of FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view of the house.

  First, the configuration of the entire system will be described. This plant cultivation system 1 includes a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 2 for cultivating plants, a greenhouse house 3 surrounding the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 2, and accessory equipment 4 inside and outside the greenhouse house 3 (camera 4 a, environmental data measuring device group 4 b, greenhouse A house environment adjusting device group 4c, a greenhouse house environment control device 4d, a communication device 4e), and a greenhouse house management device 7 (personal computer main body and communication interface) provided in a villa 6 of a grower near the greenhouse house 3, It is composed of a greenhouse house management device 7 installed at a grower's home 8 and a terminal device 9 (personal computer main body and communication interface) that performs data communication via an Internet communication line.

  In the present embodiment, the greenhouse house environmental adjustment device group 4c itself used independently includes a built-in sensor that measures environmental data necessary for environmental adjustment. Each greenhouse house environment adjusting device 4c is provided with a preset value for each greenhouse house environment adjusting device 4c from the greenhouse house environment control device 4d that controls the environment of the greenhouse 3 in an integrated manner. The environment in the greenhouse is automatically controlled so that the output data (environmental data) detected by each built-in sensor approaches the set value. In addition to the built-in sensor, an environmental data measuring device group 4b exclusively for monitoring environmental data is provided, and the environmental data measured by the environmental data measuring device group 4b is sent to the greenhouse house management device 7 and used for monitoring. I have to.

Therefore, the monitoring network 10 is mainly configured by the grower to monitor the plant growth status and the environment inside and outside the greenhouse house by the camera 4a, the environmental data measuring device group 4b, the communication device 4e, the greenhouse house management device 7, and the terminal device 9. Is done.
In addition, the environment in which plants are nurtured mainly by the greenhouse house environment control device 4d that sets control values for the greenhouse house 3, the greenhouse house environment adjustment device group 4c having the built-in sensor, and the greenhouse house environment adjustment device group 4c. The greenhouse house automatic control system 5 for automatically controlling the greenhouse is constructed, and the greenhouse house automatic control system 5 and the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 2 are unmanned for about one or two weeks (may be longer for some types of plants). An unmanned cultivation system 11 capable of cultivation is constructed.
Hereinafter, the plant cultivation system 1 will be described in detail by dividing it into a monitoring network 10, a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 2, and a greenhouse greenhouse automatic control system 5.

(Monitoring network)
The communication device 4e constituting the monitoring network 10 is installed in the greenhouse 3 and receives video data from the camera 4a that captures the inside of the greenhouse 3 and environmental data collected by the environmental data measuring device group 4b. These devices (camera 4a, environmental data measuring device group 4b) are connected to each other by cables.
The video data and environment data received by the communication device 4e are wirelessly transmitted to the greenhouse house management device 7 provided in the villa 6 by a wireless LAN or the like. Therefore, the greenhouse 3 and the villa 6 are installed within a distance range in which wireless transmission is possible. When cable connection is possible, communication may be performed using a wired LAN instead of the wireless LAN.

The greenhouse house management device 7 transmits the received video data to the terminal device 9 as live information (WEB camera). Of the received environment data, the environment data requested from the terminal device 9 is also transmitted. Furthermore, a certain period of time is stored in a memory (not shown) of the greenhouse house management device 7 so that the received video data and environmental data can be confirmed at a later date.
Since the greenhouse house management device 7 and the terminal device 9 are transmitted via the Internet line, the terminal device 9 can transmit even if it is a remote place as long as it can be connected to the Internet.

(Hydroculture device)
Next, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 2 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 2 has a built-in hydroponics bed 22 in which a nutrient solution tank 21 for storing a nutrient solution is formed and a tank 23 a in which a supplementary nutrient solution is stored. An externally installed irrigation / drip device 23 for replenishing (irrigating) the nutrient solution to the nutrient solution tank 21 and instilling the plant, and a hydrogel laid on the nutrient solution level in the nutrient solution tank 21 A water absorbing film 24 (hydromembrane), a water level sensor 25 for detecting the level of the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 21, and a nutrient solution tank temperature control device 27 for maintaining the nutrient solution temperature in the nutrient solution tank 21 at an appropriate temperature. Prepare.

  The irrigation / infusion device 23 stores a replenishment nutrient solution for at least one week, preferably about six months, in the tank 23a, and the water level sensor 25 reduces the remaining nutrient solution in the nutrient solution layer 21. When this is detected, the nutrient solution is replenished (irrigated) through a pipe connected to the nutrient solution tank 21. In addition, a timer function is provided so that plants can be instilled every day through a tube-type infusion channel 28 at a scheduled time according to a preset schedule such as morning and evening. It is.

  The water absorptive film 24 supports the plant mounted on it. Depending on the plant, it may be difficult to support the weight of the plant with the water-absorbing film 24 alone. In that case, a floating floor is provided in the nutrient solution tank 21 and a pumping cloth is laid on the floating floor. The water absorbent film 24 may be laid on the cloth. Even in this case, the water-absorbing film 24 is laid on the nutrient solution that is substantially stored, and the plant can absorb nutrients and moisture.

In addition, a medium 34 containing plant roots and soil is formed on the water-absorbing film 24, and a wetness sensor 29 for measuring the wetness of the medium 34 is attached.
The wetness of the medium 34 is normally maintained at an appropriate value by regular morning and evening infusions. However, when the medium 34 is dried for some reason, the wetness sensor 29 detects the signal and the signal is transmitted. By being sent to the irrigation / drip device 23, the nutrient solution is instilled from the drip flow path 28 at any time, and the wetness is adjusted.

  The nutrient solution tank temperature control device 27 has a heat pipe 27 a that circulates water (heat medium) temperature controlled by the thermostat 26 passed through the nutrient solution tank 21, and the nutrient solution and heat stored in the nutrient solution tank 21. By changing the temperature, the nutrient solution temperature is maintained at an appropriate temperature.

The detection signal of the wetness sensor 29 is also sent to the communication device 4e so that the grower can check it as part of the environmental data through the monitoring network 10. Or you may make it provide the 2nd wetness sensor 32 separately for a grower's confirmation, and transmit to the communication apparatus 4e from now on.
If the grower wants to check the medium temperature and nutrient solution temperature, the medium temperature sensor 30 and nutrient solution temperature sensor 31 are attached and sent to the communication device 4e in the same manner as the detection signal of the wetness sensor 29. Also good.

  Vegetables and the like planted in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 2 having such a structure absorb the nutrients and moisture absorbed by the water absorbent film 24 under an environment maintained at an appropriate temperature and humidity. It can grow by taking in oxygen. When the nutrient solution remaining in the nutrient solution tank 21 is reduced by absorption by the plant or evaporation, the solution is automatically perfused by the irrigation / drip device 23, and automatically according to the drying of the culture medium 34. Instilled. In addition, the irrigation / instillation device 23 instills a predetermined amount of nutrient solution into the plant at a predetermined time every day in the morning and evening set by a timer.

(Automatic greenhouse house control system)
Next, the greenhouse control system 5 will be described. As described above, the greenhouse house automatic control system 5 includes the greenhouse house 3, the greenhouse house environment adjusting device group 4c having a built-in sensor, and the greenhouse house environment control device 4d for setting a set value as a control target.

The greenhouse 3 has a framework structure made of a steel frame or a pipe frame, and the ceiling 41 and the side walls 42 on the front, rear, left and right surfaces are covered with a light transmissive film material (for example, a vinyl sheet). On the outside of the ceiling 41, a light shielding curtain 43 (light translucent film) for light shielding (mainly summer) and heat insulation (mainly winter) is attached. The light shielding curtain 43 compares the output of the built-in sensor (thermometer, light sensor) with the set value by setting the set values (set temperature, set light amount) in the greenhouse house environment control device 4d. Depending on the result, the electric roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanism 43a is wound up or widened.
In addition, a light shielding curtain 44 (light semi-transparent shade) for light shielding and heat insulation is also attached to the inside of the ceiling 41, and by similarly setting set values (set temperature, set light amount), an electric roll-up is performed. The roll-down adjusting mechanism 44a is wound up or widened.
A grass-proof sheet is laid on the ground of the greenhouse house 3 to prevent weeds from breeding.

  Of the side walls 42, the left and right side walls 42a, 42b are configured to be opened and closed by electric roll-up roll-down adjusting mechanisms 42e, 42f mainly for ventilation control. The left and right side walls 42a and 42b are set to output values and set values of built-in sensors (temperature sensor, humidity sensor, rain gauge) by setting the set values (set temperature, set humidity, set rain amount) in the greenhouse house environment control device 4d. The right and left side walls 42a, 42b (film) can be wound up or stretched by the electric roll-up roll-down adjusting mechanisms 42e, 42f according to the comparison result. Note that insect nets (not shown) are stretched on the inner sides of the left and right side walls 42a and 42b so as to prevent insects from entering even when the left and right side walls 42a and 42b are rolled up.

  An entrance door 45 and a ventilation fan 46 are provided on the front side wall 42 c of the side walls 42. The ventilation fan 46 is configured to be able to adjust the rotation speed mainly for ventilation control. By setting the set values (set temperature, set humidity) in the greenhouse house environment control device 4d, the output of the built-in sensor (thermometer, hygrometer) is compared with the set value, and according to the comparison result, The ventilation volume is adjusted. In addition, an air circulation fan (not shown) is attached in the greenhouse house 3, and the inside of the house can be maintained in a uniform atmosphere by actively circulating the internal air.

  Therefore, the electric roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanism 43a of the light-shielding curtain 43, the electric roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanism 44a of the light-shielding curtain 44, the electric roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanisms 42e and 42f of the left and right side walls 42a and 42b, and the ventilation fan 46 A set value is determined by the house environment control device 4d and used as a greenhouse house environment adjusting device group 4c for adjusting the environment in the greenhouse 3 so as to approach the set value.

  And the greenhouse suitable environment for plant growth is maintained by the greenhouse house environment adjustment equipment group 4c automatically controlling so that the present value which the built-in sensor measured may approach a setting value. For example, when the sunlight is too strong, the light shielding curtains 43 and 44 are widened. When it rains, the side walls 42a and 42b are closed. When the temperature is high, the ventilation fan 46 rotates strongly.

  Since the optimum environment varies depending on the plant type, time, and season, a set value of at least about one week (preferably 6 months) can be stored in advance as a schedule so that a set value can be set according to the time. It is like that.

  Further, in the greenhouse house 3, in addition to the built-in sensors included in each greenhouse house environment adjusting device 4c, as an environmental data measuring device group 4b, an in-house temperature sensor 51 for measuring the temperature in the house, the humidity in the house An in-house humidity sensor 52 that measures the above is installed. Further, outside the greenhouse 3, an outdoor temperature sensor 53 that measures the outside air temperature, an outside air humidity sensor 54 that measures the outside air humidity, an outside air pressure sensor 55 that measures the outside air pressure, an anemometer 56, an anemometer 57, rainfall A total of 58 and a sunshine meter 59 are installed.

  And each environmental data measured by these environmental data measuring equipment group 4b (temperature sensor 51-sunshine meter 59) is sent to communication machine 4e, and also terminal equipment via greenhouse house management device 7 from communication machine 4e 9 is transmitted. A grower in a remote area can check the current or accumulated status of past environmental data by requesting environmental data from the terminal device 9 as necessary.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, a second embodiment will be described. In this second embodiment, each greenhouse house environmental adjustment device does not have a built-in sensor for monitoring environmental data. Therefore, based on the environmental data measured by the environmental data measurement device group, environmental control in the greenhouse house is performed. Is to do.

  FIG. 5 is an overall view of a plant cultivation system 1 'according to the second embodiment. In the figure, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted. The plant cultivation system 1 ′ includes a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 2, a greenhouse house 3, an accessory equipment 4 ′ inside and outside the greenhouse house 3 (a camera 4a, an environmental data measuring device group 4b, a greenhouse house environment adjusting device group 4c ′, and a greenhouse house. The environmental control device 4d ', the communication device 4e), the greenhouse house management device 7 provided in the villa 6, and the greenhouse house management device 7 installed in the grower's home 8 and performing data communication via the Internet communication line. And a terminal device 9.

In this plant cultivation system 1 ′, the grower mainly monitors the growth status of the plant and the environment inside and outside the greenhouse house by the camera 4a, the environmental data measuring device group 4b, the communication device 4e, the greenhouse house management device 7, and the terminal device 9. A monitoring network 10 is configured.
Further, there is mainly a greenhouse house automatic control system 5 ′ for automatically controlling the environment in which plants are grown by the greenhouse house 3, the environmental data measuring device group 4b, the greenhouse house environment adjusting device group 4c ′, and the greenhouse house environment control device 4d ′. With this greenhouse house automatic control system 5 ′ and hydroponic cultivation device 2, an unmanned cultivation system 11 ′ capable of unmanned cultivation for about one or two weeks (may be longer depending on the type of plant). Built.

  Among these, about the structure of the monitoring network 10 and the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 2, it is the same as Embodiment 1 fundamentally. Therefore, the greenhouse house automatic control system 5 'having a configuration substantially different from that of the first embodiment will be mainly described.

(Automatic greenhouse house control system)
6 is a side view of the greenhouse house of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a front view thereof. A communication device 4e is installed in the greenhouse 3. The communication device 4e includes video data from the camera 4a that captures the inside of the greenhouse 3 and an environmental data measuring device group 4b (indoor temperature sensor 51, indoor humidity sensor 52, outside air temperature sensor 53, outside air humidity sensor 54, outside air pressure). These devices (camera 4a and environmental data measuring device group 4b) are connected by a cable so as to receive measurement data of the sensor 55, anemometer 56, anemometer 57, rain gauge 58, and sunshine meter 59).
The video data and environment data received by the communication device 4e are wirelessly transmitted to the greenhouse house management device 7 provided in the villa 6 by a wireless LAN or the like.

  The greenhouse house management device 7 transmits the received video data to the terminal device 9 as live information (WEB camera). Of the collected environment data, the environment data requested from the terminal device 9 is also transmitted. Since the greenhouse house management device 7 and the terminal device 9 are transmitted via the Internet line, the terminal device 9 can transmit even if it is a remote place as long as it can be connected to the Internet.

The greenhouse 3 has a framework structure made of a steel frame or a pipe frame, and the ceiling 41 and the side walls 42 on the front, rear, left and right surfaces are covered with a light transmissive film material (for example, a vinyl sheet). A light-shielding curtain 43 (light translucent film) for light shielding (mainly summer) and heat insulation (mainly winter) is attached to the outside of the ceiling 41, under the control of the greenhouse house environment control device 4d ′. The electric roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanism 43a can be rolled up or widened.
A light shielding curtain 44 (light translucent shade) for light shielding and heat insulation is also attached to the inside of the ceiling 41, and an electric roll up roll down adjustment mechanism 44a under the control of the greenhouse house environment control device 4d ′. Can be rolled up or expanded.
A grass-proof sheet is laid on the ground of the greenhouse house 3 to prevent weeds from breeding.

  Of the side walls 42, the left and right side walls 42a, 42b are mainly ventilated, so that the left and right side walls 42a, 42b (film) are controlled by the electric roll-up roll-down adjusting mechanisms 42e, 42f under the control of the greenhouse house environment control device 4d ′. Can be rolled up and stretched. Note that insect nets (not shown) are stretched on the inner sides of the left and right side walls 42a and 42b so as to prevent insects from entering even when the left and right side walls 42a and 42b are rolled up.

  An entrance door 45 and a ventilation fan 46 are provided on the front side wall 42 c of the side walls 42. The ventilation fan 46 can perform ventilation and ventilation under the control of the greenhouse house environment control device 4d '. In addition, an air circulation fan (not shown) is attached in the greenhouse house 3, and the inside of the house can be maintained in a uniform atmosphere by actively circulating the internal air.

Thus, the electric roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanism 43a of the light-shielding curtain 43, the electric roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanism 44a of the light-shielding curtain 44, the electric roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanisms 42e and 42f of the left and right side walls 42a and 42b, and the ventilation fan 46 Controlled by the greenhouse house environment control device 4d ′ and used as a part of the greenhouse house environment adjustment device group 4c ′ for adjusting the environment in the greenhouse house 3.
However, in this embodiment, these greenhouse house environmental adjustment equipment groups 4c ′ do not have a built-in sensor for monitoring environmental data necessary for environmental adjustment. Therefore, the environmental data measuring device group 4b (the indoor temperature sensor 51, the indoor humidity sensor 52, the outside air temperature sensor 53, the outside air humidity sensor 54, the outside air pressure sensor 55, the anemometer 56, the anemometer 57, the rain gauge 58, the sunshine meter 59). Control the environment inside the greenhouse using a part of the environmental data measured by.

  That is, the environmental data measuring device group 4b (indoor temperature sensor 51, indoor humidity sensor 52, outside air temperature sensor 53, outside air humidity sensor 54, outside air pressure sensor 55, anemometer 56, anemometer 57, rain gauge 58, sunshine meter 59). Each environmental data measured by is sent to the communication device 4e and also sent to the greenhouse house environment control device 4d ′.

  The greenhouse house environment control device 4d ′ provides a set value suitable for plant growth in advance for environmental data such as temperature and humidity in the greenhouse house 3, thereby detecting the greenhouse data detected by the environmental data measuring device group 4b. The greenhouse house environment adjusting device group 4c ′ is automatically controlled so that the value of the actual environmental data in the house approaches the set value. For example, when the greenhouse temperature is higher than the set room temperature, the side walls 42a and 42b are opened, and the ventilation fan 46 is rotated strongly. When the wind speed detected by the anemometer 56 increases, the left and right side walls 42a and 42b of the greenhouse are closed. When the sunshine detected by the sunshine meter 59 is too strong, the light shielding curtains 43 and 44 are widened. Moreover, the light-shielding curtains 43 and 44 can be widened when the temperature in the greenhouse is higher than the set room temperature. When it rains and the rain gauge 58 detects a rain amount greater than the set value, the side walls 42a and 42b are closed.

  Since the optimum environment varies depending on the plant type, time, and season, it is possible to store a preset value of about one week (preferably 6 months) as a schedule so that a set value can be set according to the time. It is.

  As described above, the greenhouse house environment control device 4d ′ compares the set value set in advance with a part of the environmental data collected from the environmental data measuring device group 4b so that the plant is maintained in a suitable environment. To control. On the other hand, it transmits to the greenhouse house management apparatus 7 from the communication apparatus 4e, and it enables a grower to confirm an environmental condition with the cultivation condition by the video data image | photographed with the camera 4a.

  As described above, in the present invention, unmanned cultivation can be performed for one or two weeks (or more) by the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 2 and the greenhouse house automatic control systems 5 and 5 ′. Since the situation and the environmental situation can be monitored, the grower can cultivate the plant by himself / herself only by performing the work once a week or once every other week.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized for the plant cultivation system which can grow a plant unattended for one or two weeks. In addition, it can be used for a remote plant cultivation system in which a grower living in a remote area from a greenhouse can grow a plant by himself without relying on a farmer.

The whole figure of the plant cultivation system which is one embodiment of the present invention. The schematic cross section which shows the structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus in the plant cultivation system of FIG. The side view of the greenhouse house of FIG. The front view of the greenhouse house of FIG. The whole figure of the plant cultivation system which is other one embodiment of the present invention. The side view of the greenhouse house of FIG. The front view of the greenhouse house of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1 'Plant cultivation system 2 Hydroponic cultivation apparatus 3 Greenhouse house 4a Camera 4b Environmental data measurement equipment group 4c, 4c' Greenhouse house environmental adjustment equipment group 4d, 4d 'Greenhouse house environmental control apparatus 4e Communication device 5, 5' Greenhouse House automatic control system 7 Greenhouse house management device 9 Terminal device 10 Monitoring network 11 Unmanned cultivation system 21 Nutrient tank 22 Hydroponic bed 23 Irrigation / drip device 24 Water absorption film 25 Water level sensor 26 Nutrient temperature sensor 27 Nutrient tank temperature Control device 28 Drip device 29 Wetness sensor 30 Medium temperature sensor 42 Side wall (light transmissive film)
42e, 42f Side wall roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanism 43, 44 Light-shielding curtain 43a, 44a Light-shielding curtain roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanism 46 Ventilation fan 51, 53 Temperature sensor 52, 54 Humidity sensor 55 Air pressure sensor 56 Anemometer 57 Anemometer 58 Rain gauge 59 sunshine meter

Claims (8)

Hydroponics that grows plants in a state where the plant and the nutrient solution are isolated by forming a medium for cultivating the plant on the water-absorbing film by laying a water-absorbing film on the nutrient solution stored in the nutrient solution tank The nutrient solution for replenishment in the bed and tank is stored so that the amount of nutrient solution necessary for plant growth is always stored in the nutrient solution tank based on the signal of the water level sensor attached to the nutrient solution tank. A hydroponic cultivation apparatus consisting of an irrigation / drip device for instilling on the basis of a preset schedule, and
Greenhouse house that surrounds the space where hydroponic cultivation equipment is installed, environmental data measurement device that measures environmental data related to plant growth, greenhouse house environment adjustment device that adjusts the environment in the greenhouse, and environmental data measurement device Greenhouse house environmental control that automatically controls the greenhouse house to the set value by controlling the greenhouse house environmental adjustment device based on the environmental data measured by the sensor or the output data measured by the built-in sensor of the greenhouse house environmental adjustment device With a greenhouse house automatic control system equipped with equipment,
A plant cultivation system characterized in that a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a greenhouse house automatic control system allow a plant to grow unattended during a period in which a nutrient solution for supply remains. A greenhouse house management device that is installed in the vicinity of the greenhouse house and collects the video data of the plants taken by the camera that takes pictures of the inside of the greenhouse house, and the environmental data measured by the environmental data measuring device,
A terminal device installed in a grower's living place and connected to the greenhouse house management device via a communication line;
The plant cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein the grower monitors the situation of the greenhouse house by receiving the video data and environmental data of the plant collected by the greenhouse house management apparatus with a terminal device.   The plant cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein the irrigation / drip device stores at least one week of nutrient solution.   2. The plant cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing film is a hydrogel film.   The plant cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein the environmental data in the greenhouse house measured by the environmental data measuring device includes at least temperature data in the greenhouse house.   The environmental data in the greenhouse house measured by the environmental data measuring device further includes humidity data inside the greenhouse house, and further includes temperature, humidity, and rainfall data outside the greenhouse house. Item 6. The plant cultivation system according to Item 5.   The environmental data measured by the environmental data measuring device further includes at least one of data on the temperature of the nutrient solution stored in the nutrient solution tank, data on the wetness of the medium, and sunshine outside the greenhouse. The plant cultivation system according to claim 5 or 6.     The greenhouse house environmental adjustment equipment includes a roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanism for a light-transmitting film constituting the wall surface of the greenhouse house, a roll-up roll-down adjustment mechanism for a light-shielding curtain on the greenhouse house, and a nutrient solution stored in a nutrient tank. The plant cultivation system according to claim 4, comprising at least one of a nutrient solution temperature adjustment mechanism and a ventilation fan.

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