JP2007508123A - くるぶし用補綴及びくるぶし用補綴の移植方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明の別の実施形態は、くるぶしの全体を交換するための補綴に関する。
本発明の別の実施形態は、(a)くるぶしの関節炎(例えば、何らかの原因によるくるぶしの関節炎、ひどい傷の後、原発性疾患、誘発不整、後足固定後、再発性くるぶし不安定性によって、リュウマチ後或いは炎症性関節炎、通風、局部的成長、形成異常、成長プレートの停止、無血管壊死、血友病、遠隔敗血事故)の治療、(b)固定されたくるぶしの治療、及び/又は(c)傷の治療のための(部分的又は全体的な)くるぶしの交換に関する。このくるぶしの交換は、くるぶしの関節の一つ以上の面を取り替えることによって行われる。
本発明の更に別の実施形態は、くるぶし用補綴を挿入する方法に関する。
本発明の詳細な実施形態がここに開示されているが、この開示された実施形態は単なる例示であって、種々の形に具体化されることを理解するべきである。更に、これらの種々の実施形態に関連して示された各例は、あくまでも例示に過ぎず、限定的なものではない。更に、各図は必ずしも一定の尺度で描かれてはおらず、或る特長は誇張されて特定の構成部品の詳細を示している。したがって、ここに開示されている特別な構造及び機能の詳細は限定的なものではなく、単に当業者に対して本発明を様々に使用するために教える代表的な基礎として掲げられている。
このくるぶし用補綴を移植するのに使用される手術方法(及びこれに対応する器具の使用)を参照すると、本発明は前方アプローチ、外側アプローチ、外側及び内側アプローチの組合わせ、又は外側及び前方アプローチの組合わせで使用される。
1)外側アプローチ、ふくらはぎ側の骨切り及び関節の露出を行う。
2)2本のピンを脛骨に取付け、1本を内側の距骨に取付ける。
3)X線透視を用いて、脛骨の整合を調節し、脛骨のシャフトが整合冶具のX線不透過ロッドに平行になるようにロック(lock)する。
4)足を透明な足プレートに固定する。
5)カッター回転組立体を調節して、側面切開器具(例えばドリル)が脛骨から脛骨の構成部分の外表面を円弧状に切り取る。この装置は基端−先端調節及び前後調節ができる。一組の回転ガイドがインプラントの各寸法と関連し、即ち、小さいインプラントに対しては小さな曲率半径としてよい。これらのガイドは、ストッパーも有し、側面ビットによる過剰接近を防いでいる。
6)適宜な量の骨が脛骨から切り取られた(例えば、踵骨が中立位置に来るように、足の適正な位置決めを可能にするのに充分に)後、注意は距骨側に向けられる。
7)足プレートは、足全体の足底が脛骨に垂直になるように位置決めされる。足がその上に確保されている半透明のプレートは、踵骨と全ての中足骨に外科医が確実に接することを可能にする。
8)次に、距骨の上ドームが同じ回転ガイドアセンブリによって側面カットされる。
9)切削箇所の平行度と、三角形の過剰張力が無いこと確認するために、テスト用スペーサーが置かれる。
10)これらのスペーサーは隆起孔と張出し部を穿孔し、それを通じてピンが一時的に設置されて隆起孔等にガイドを固定する。
11)外側-内側の隆起孔の一方又は両方が先端脛骨の表面の露出した切断面に隣接して穿孔され、これらの他方が基端距骨の上面で穿孔される。
12)テスト用の脛骨と距骨の構成要素が設置され、再び三角形の緊密性が評価される。必要に応じて更に多くの骨が側面切削器具(例えばドリル)と回転ガイドによって切削される。
13)時には、外科医は前内側の切開を行って関節の外側から骨を切除する(外科医は距骨構成要素までの外側かつ/または内側の張出し部と同じインプラントを用いることを決めてもよい)。外科医は、ふくらはぎの内側にセメント付けされたポリエチレン製のボタンを使用することを決めてもよい。
14)そして、外側は上下方向において調節され、踵骨-腓骨の靱帯の張力を維持する。
15)外側腓骨は、プレート及び/又はねじ等の標準型の整形外科用ハードウエア、張力バンド技術或いは骨髄内装置等によって固定される。
技術
−一実施形態による前方アプローチでは、真っ直ぐな切り口が用いられる(例えば、傷の問題を最小にするために)。切開は伸筋拇指鞘を介して、EHL腱を内側に後退させ且つ神経血管束を外側に後退させて行われる(これは傷の問題が生じた場合に、皮膚弁において使用できるようにextensor digitorurn brevisへの血液の供給を完全にする)。
−器具は、基端脚に固定された長いロッドに取付けられた先端脛骨カット用のカットブロックを含む。このブロックは上下、内外方向の微調節が可能に構成され、鋸刃のための把持機構を有している。このカットブロックは透視検査によって制御されている。一実施形態(例示であって限定的ではない)において、二本のピンが脛骨の固定のために使用される。この場合、第一ピンは内外回転を考慮して設けられる。その後、内反-外反位置が透視検査の映像及び/又は足の裏の平面によって決められ、そして第二ピンが設置される。次に、外側X線映像用の伸張-屈曲位置が決められ、ブロックの位置が脛骨の中間長手軸に直交するカットを可能にする場合には、脛骨用ロッドの高さが基端脛骨のレベルに固定される。カット高さはカットブロックで微調整される。AP視が繰り返され、カットの内外方向の範囲が調整され、ロックされる。鋸はストッパーを有し、生体の後部軟組織を傷つける可能性を少なくする。このカットが行われた後、距骨は三つの平面に位置決めされ、ブロックの延長部が上面を除去するのに使用される。
技術
−このアプローチの利点(前方アプローチに対する)は、1)骨の切除が少ないこと、2)基本的に外側関節空間へのアクセスが完全なこと、3)慢性的に緊張した後部くるぶし及び/又は下部距骨関節の靱帯を制御して緩める能力を有する、4)後部脛骨上に牽引子を設置する能力によって腱及び/又は神経の裂傷のリスクを減少させること、5)同様に外傷の合併症の発生率を減少させることである。更に、この外側アプローチはこれらの関節面の両方(即ち、先端の脛骨と基端の距骨)に一つ以上の湾曲したカット及び/又は一つ以上の湾曲したカットに近似した平坦カットを行う能力を有する。これらの一つ以上の湾曲カット及び/又は湾曲カットに近似した平坦カットは、骨の切除を少なくし、くるぶし周囲の骨のストック(stock)(応力の移転のために特に強い骨)を保持する。骨の切除を最小にする湾曲した或いは少し湾曲した面は、この強い骨の被覆面積を大きくする。
−湾曲カットが採用される場合、振動鋸、ドリル、バー及び/又はルーターが、カットに使用されている。脛骨側では、ピンが透視検査のガイドの下に設置されてカット面を形成する。AP投影において、このピンは、脛骨トレイの内反-外反及び内部-外部回転位置にロックするために設置される。一例(例示であって限定的ではない)において、ピンを取付けるガイド用スロットを有する湾曲カット用鋸が使用される。距骨のカットを位置決めするために、ピンが距骨の側面に垂直に、或いは円錐との整合によってこの垂直から少しずれて用いられ、又はカットは距骨が外科医チームによって正しい内反-外反及び内部-外部回転量で保持された後に既に脛骨に挿入されたピンを避けて行われる。脛骨と距骨をガイドするために、整合カットブロックが使用される。一例(例示であって限定的ではない)においては、ペグのためのカットがドリル、ルーター、小さな鋸によって行われ、同時に脛骨と距骨の構成要素のためのスロットを作る。これは当業者にとって周知の方法の一つで行われる。次に、スロットに対して寸法の小さいペグによるテスト(trial)が行われる。このテストは、整合、衝突しない適当な運動範囲及び靱帯の張力を判断するものである。
別の実施形態では器具の使用は、骨の標識及び/又は透視検査による制御に基づいてカットを整合させる。
別の実施形態では、カット用のガイドは外部固定器に固定され、且つ/又は骨に直接に固定され、且つ/又はガイドシステム(例えば、足底の平面から)上に基礎を置いている。上述の形態は全体的な整合と安定を目的に使用される。
別の実施形態では、本発明の一要素は、整合のための外部の固定冶具であり、脛骨及び距骨のカットは整合目的で使用される。
別の実施形態では、補綴は内側-外側の隆起部を具えている。
別の実施形態では、補綴は縁を殆ど発達させない安定性を維持している。
Claims (13)
- 第一及び第二面を有し、脛骨に取付けられる脛骨構成要素と、
第一及び第二面を有し、距骨に取り付けられる距骨構成要素とを含むくるぶし用補綴であって、
脛骨構成要素の第一面の少なくとも一部が脛骨に隣接して設置されるように構成され、
距骨構成要素の第一面の少なくとも一部が距骨に隣接して設置されるように構成され、
脛骨構成要素の第二面の少なくとも一部と距骨構成要素の第二面の少なくとも一部が、脛骨構成要素と距骨構成要素との間の関節インターフェースを形成するように構成され、
前記関節インターフェースが双顆関節構造を有し、脛骨構成要素の第二面の内側及び外側のそれぞれが湾曲した外形を含み、距骨構成要素の第二面の内側及び外側のそれぞれが湾曲した外形を含み、且つ
距骨構成要素の第二面の内側及び外側の各湾曲外形の半径が、脛骨構成要素の第二面の内側及び外側の各湾曲外形の半径と異なっているくるぶし用補綴。 - 脛骨構成要素の第二面の内側及び外側の各湾曲外形が凹み、且つ距骨構成要素の第二面の内側及び外側の各湾曲外形が凸出している、請求項1に記載のくるぶし用補綴。
- 脛骨構成要素の第二面の内側及び外側の各湾曲外形が凸出し、且つ距骨構成要素の第二面の内側及び外側の各湾曲外形が凹んでいる、請求項1に記載のくるぶし用補綴。
- 距骨構成要素の第二面の内側及び外側の各湾曲外形の半径が、脛骨構成要素の第二面の内側及び外側の各湾曲外形の半径より小さい、請求項1に記載のくるぶし用補綴。
- 距骨構成要素の第二面の内側及び外側の各湾曲外形の半径が、脛骨構成要素の第二面の内側及び外側の各湾曲外形の半径より大きい、請求項1に記載のくるぶし用補綴。
- くるぶし用補綴が外側腓骨アプローチによって移植されるように構成されている、請求項1に記載のくるぶし用補綴。
- くるぶし用補綴は、後部くるぶしの大部分を維持した状態で移植できるように構成されている、請求項1に記載のくるぶし用補綴。
- 関節インターフェースが固定された軸受を含む、請求項1に記載のくるぶし用補綴。
- くるぶし用補綴は、骨の成長によって固定されるように構成されている、請求項1に記載のくるぶし用補綴。
- 関節面を有するボタンを更に含み、前記ボタンは腓骨に取付けられている、請求項1に記載のくるぶし用補綴。
- 関節面が、球状面及び回転楕円形面を含む群から選ばれている、請求項10に記載のくるぶし用補綴。
- くるぶし用補綴が、外側溝の表面を更新せずに固定されるように構成されている、請求項1に記載のくるぶし用補綴。
- くるぶし用補綴が、外側溝の少なくとも一部の表面を更新することによって固定されるように構成されている、請求項1に記載のくるぶし用補綴。
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- 2004-10-14 WO PCT/US2004/033913 patent/WO2005037135A2/en active Application Filing
- 2004-10-14 EP EP04795116A patent/EP1677709B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-14 US US10/965,070 patent/US7625409B2/en active Active
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Cited By (8)
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JP2009148597A (ja) * | 2005-03-14 | 2009-07-09 | Inbone Technologies Inc | 足関節置換人工装具 |
CN103892942A (zh) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | 瑞特医疗技术公司 | 踝关节置换系统和方法 |
CN103892942B (zh) * | 2012-12-27 | 2016-08-17 | 瑞特医疗技术公司 | 踝关节置换系统 |
JP2016538942A (ja) * | 2014-09-11 | 2016-12-15 | ライト メディカル テクノロジー インコーポレイテッドWright Medical Technology, Inc. | 骨融合のための案内システムおよび方法 |
US11134964B2 (en) | 2016-03-23 | 2021-10-05 | Wright Medical Technology, Inc. | Fixation apparatus and method for total ankle replacement |
US11529152B2 (en) | 2016-03-23 | 2022-12-20 | Wright Medical Technology, Inc. | Circular fixator system and method |
US11690636B2 (en) | 2016-03-23 | 2023-07-04 | Wright Medical Technology, Inc. | Fixation apparatus and method for total ankle replacement |
US11857207B2 (en) | 2016-03-23 | 2024-01-02 | Wright Medical Technology, Inc. | Circular fixator system and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20140236157A1 (en) | 2014-08-21 |
US7625409B2 (en) | 2009-12-01 |
WO2005037135A9 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
EP1677709A4 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
WO2005037135A3 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
EP1677709A2 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
ATE543464T1 (de) | 2012-02-15 |
EP1677709B1 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
US20100305572A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 |
US8636744B2 (en) | 2014-01-28 |
US7963996B2 (en) | 2011-06-21 |
WO2005037135A2 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
US20110253151A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
JP4567686B2 (ja) | 2010-10-20 |
US20050192673A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
US9750516B2 (en) | 2017-09-05 |
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