JP2007196839A - Lashing method of container on board - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lashing method of a container on board which can lash the containers stacked in much more stages in a stable condition and can safely stack the containers within a range of given strength condition. <P>SOLUTION: In the lashing method of the container on board, the containers 2 adjacent and stacked on board are lashed by mounting a tightening member between a lashing mounting part 4 provided on a hull structure such as hatch covers, lashing bridge pillars, or stages and an upper part of the container or corner fittings of a lower part. One end of the tightening member 13 is mounted on the lashing mounting part 4, and the other end of the tightening member 13 is mounted to corner fittings 5a, 5b of the adjacent containers 2 positioned at the front surface of the lashing mounting part 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for securing containers stacked on a ship.

An example of conventional container lashing to a hull is shown in FIG. 5, and the container 2 is adjacent and stacked on the upper surface of the hatch cover 1 or the like. It should be noted that corners are already provided at the four corners of the front part and the back part of the container 2, and in the figure, the right corner metal part is represented by 5a and the left corner metal part is represented by 5b. The hardware is numbered as 5a ₁ , 5b ₁ , the left and right lower corners of the second stage are numbered as 5a ₂ , 5b ₂ , and the left and right lower corners of the third stage are numbered as 5a ₃ , 5b ₃ .
Conventionally, as the hull rolls, horizontal forces f1 to f3 and vertical forces v1 to v3 are generated in each container 2 as shown in FIG. In order to prevent the container 2 from collapsing due to the horizontal forces f1 to f3 and the vertical forces v1 to v3, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lashing eye plate 4 on the upper surface of the hatch cover 1 and the left and right sides of the container 2 The lashing rods 6 and 8 (see FIG. 4) and the turnbuckles 7 and 9 (see FIG. 4) connected via the rods 6 and 8 are attached to the lower corner metal parts 5a ₂ and 5b ₂ in a slack shape. By doing so, the container 2 is secured. (See Patent Documents 1 to 4)
In this securing method, the horizontal force T · cos θ of the tension T generated in the lashing rod 6 and the turnbuckle 7 reduces the racking force generated in the container 2 and prevents the container 2 from being crushed.

Hereinafter, the above-mentioned corner metal numbering 5a1 _to 5 and _5b1 to ₃ will be described as the container corner numbering.
On the other hand, by the horizontal forces f1-f3, the overturning forces b1~b3 generated in the container corners _{5b 1 to 3.}
The horizontal force T · cos θ of the tension T generated in the lashing rod 6 and the turnbuckle 7 acts in the opposite direction to the overturning forces b1 to b3 that cause the container 2 to overturn, and serves as a deterrent against the overturn.
However, if the overturning force b1 to b3 cannot be canceled with the horizontal force T · cos θ, the overturning force b1 to b3 causes the auto twist lock 3 and the container corner metal 5b _{1 to 1 as} shown in FIG. _The mouth is opened by the backlash between the two (ρ1 to ρ3) and a pulling force is generated in the auto twist lock 3.
If the tensile force generated in the auto twist lock 3 exceeds the permissible strength of the container corner metal 5b _{1-3 in} contact with the auto twist lock 3 and the permissible tensile strength of the auto twist lock 3, a breakage accident may occur. Become.

Further, in addition to the overturning force by the horizontal forces f1-f3, the vertical force V1 to V3, compressive forces a1~a3 is generated in the container corners _{5a 1 to 3.}
The vertical force T · sin θ of the tension T generated in the lashing rod 6 and the turnbuckle 7 acts in the direction of increasing the compression forces a1 and a2.
Even when the total of the compression forces a1 and a2 exceeds the allowable compression strength of the container 2 body, the container 2 is crushed.
On the other hand, since the lashing rod 8 and the turnbuckle 9 on the other side are not tensioned when the hull rolls as shown in FIG. 6, what is used to suppress the overturning force b1 to b3 generated in the container corner metal 5b1 to ₃ ? It does not work.

JP 2000-335480 A (FIG. 6) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-161941 (FIG. 1) JP 2002-321686 A (FIG. 2) Japanese National Patent Publication No. 11-502484 (FIG. 2)

In recent years, for the purpose of reducing the transportation cost of containers, containers are often stacked and transported on a hull structure such as a deck or a hatch cover.
When four or more containers are stacked, the weight increases each time the containers are stacked, and the above-described overturning force b (b1 to b3 in FIG. 6) and compression force a (a1 to a3 in FIG. 6) increase. To do.
However, the corresponding strength condition (allowable value) does not change and must be within the range of the strength condition. As a result, there is a problem that the stacking of containers is limited.
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. Within a given range of strength conditions, a container having a larger number of stages can be secured in a stable state, and more containers can be stacked. The purpose is to provide an onboard container securing method that can be attached.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the shipboard container lashing method of the present invention reduces the above-described overturning force b and enables the loading of more containers. Provide shipboard container securing method.
(1) By attaching a tightening member between the lashing attachment provided in the hull structure such as a hatch cover, lashing bridge pillar, or stage, and the upper or lower corner bracket of the container, In the shipboard container lashing method for lashing stacked containers, one end of the tightening member is attached to the lashing attachment portion, and the other end of the tightening member is placed on the front surface of the lashing attachment portion. It is characterized by being attached to corner hardware.
(2) In the shipboard container securing method described in (1) above, the fastening member is composed of two lashing rods and one turn buckle with respect to the upper corner metal of the adjacent container. It is characterized by.
(3) In the shipboard container securing method described in (1) or (2) above, a tightening member is formed between the lower corner metal of the container placed on the container and the attachment portion for lashing. It is characterized by being attached to.
The above-described shipboard container securing method is similarly performed on the front side and the back side of the container.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the fastening member naturally extends and stands upright, it is caused by the backlash between the container corner metal and the auto twist lock generated by the horizontal force acting on the container. For the opening of the mouth, the tightening force works in the vertical direction along with the tightening action caused by the contraction of the tightening member, and the overturning force generated in the problem metal corner metal can be reduced, so within the range of the given strength conditions A container having a larger number of stages can be secured and fixed in a stable state, and more containers can be stacked.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tightening member that includes the two lashing rods and the one turn buckle with respect to the two adjacent upper corner metal parts while exhibiting the operational effects of the first aspect of the present invention. The lashing fitting (such as the lashing eye plate) matches the arrangement, and if a tightening force is applied to one lashing rod, the joint position is pulled upward by the tightening force. In this case, the other lashing rod connected to the adjacent container corner works in the loosening direction, so that no tension is generated and the increase in the compressive force generated in the adjacent container corner is not affected.
According to the third aspect of the invention, the effects of the first or second aspect of the invention can be achieved, and in addition to the fastening member of the first aspect of the invention, the container is fixed by the fastening member attached in the shape of a cross (cross shape). As a result, the container can be secured more safely by a synergistic effect.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is an overall front view showing a state of loading of an onboard container according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view for explaining the state of stress generation in a state where the ship is shaken in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4A is a detailed view of the lashing rod shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B is a detailed view of the turnbuckle shown in FIG.
In this embodiment, the hull structure such as a hatch cover, a lashing bridge pillar, or a stage is provided with a lashing attachment portion 4 provided at an interval (adjacent installation interval of containers) and an upper portion of the front portion 2a of the container 2 or lower corner fittings _5a, 5a 2, 5b, between 5b _2, by mounting the clamping members 13 and 14, in a state where adjacent and stacked on board, to ship container lashing method of lashing the containers 2 (See FIGS. 1 and 3). In addition, the said adjacent installation space | interval of the container 2 is a plan space | interval in the case of installing the container 2 adjacent on a hull structure, and is normally set to the dimension which added the clearance gap (several centimeters) to the width of the container 2. ing.
The lashing attachment portion (hereinafter referred to as a lashing eye plate) 4 is of a size that allows the joint 11a or hook 11c of the three turnbuckles 7, 9, 11 to be attached. The 11c side is locked. In addition, the container 2 is usually mounted so that its length direction (long portion) faces the ship's bow and tail direction, and the lashing eye plate 4 is often installed adjacent to the container in the width direction of the ship. It is installed at intervals. The turnbuckles 7, 9, and 11 are all the same, and can be expanded and contracted by rotating the central body 11d.
In FIGS. 1 and 3, lashing rods 10 and 12 extending in a substantially vertical direction are a pair of the same length, and the two lashing rods 10 and 12 and one turn One buckling member 13 is constituted by the buckle 11. The combined length of the lashing rod 10 or 12 and the turnbuckle 11 is a length that matches the height dimension of the container 2, and the position of the joint α of both is approximately the center of the container 2 in the height direction. Position.
Further, at the joint α position, the two lashing rods 10 and 12 and the one turnbuckle 11 are rotatably connected to each other, and in the opening in the ring 10b of the lashing rods 10 and 12, The pin 11b of the buckle 11 is connected so that it can move freely in the circumferential direction.

When the first-stage container 2 is secured on the ship (such as the hatch cover 1 or the deck), the upper corner metal fittings on the front part 2a and the rear part (usually the door opening side and the opposite side) of the container 2 5a and 5b, and the lashing eye plate 4 provided in the hull structure side (hatch cover 1, deck, etc.) at intervals are fixed.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, two upper corner fittings of adjacent containers located at one end of the tightening member 13 on the lashing eye plate 4 and the other end of the tightening member 13 on the front surface of the lashing eye plate 4. Attach to 5a and 5b. The tightening member 13 is composed of two lashing rods 10 and 12 and one turnbuckle 11 for the two adjacent upper corner pieces 5a and 5b.
Further, a tightening member 14 is formed between each of the left and right lower corner pieces 5a ₂ and 5b ₂ of the _second container 2 placed on the lowermost container 2 and the lashing eye plate 4. Attached to and fixed. The tightening member 14 includes lashing rods 6 and 8 and turnbuckles 7 and 9. Further, the containers 2 in the second and third stages are fixed to each other by an auto twist lock 3. The tightening member 13 and the tightening member 14 are similarly secured to the front side and the back side of the container 2.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 5 a ₁ to ₃ are the lower corner fittings on the right side of the first _to third level containers 2, and 5 b to ₁ are the lower corner fittings on the left side of the first _to third level container 2 in the drawing. Is shown.
As shown in FIG. 1, the lowermost container 2 placed on the ship structure includes a lashing eye plate 4 at a position between adjacent containers, and two upper corner hardware 5 a and 5 b of the adjacent left and right containers 2. In the meantime, the tightening member 13 is suspended and fixed. The tightening member 13 includes two lashing rods 10 and 12 and one turnbuckle 11.
One end of the lashing rod 10 is provided with a metal fitting 10a that can be locked to the upper metal fittings 5a and 5b of the container 2, and the other end is provided with a ring 10b that is coupled to the joint 11a of the turnbuckle 11 with a pin 11b. . The hook 11c side of the turnbuckle 11 is hooked and locked to the lashing eye plate 4.

As the hull rolls, horizontal forces f1 to f3 and vertical forces v1 to v3 are generated in each container 2. In order to prevent the collapse of the container 2 due to the horizontal force f1 to f3 and the vertical force v1 to v3, as shown in FIG. 2, the lashing eye plate 4 on the upper surface of the hatch cover 1 and the container corner metal 5a ₂ The container 2 is secured by a lashing rod 6 and a turnbuckle 7 connected via the rod 6 therebetween.
By this binding, the racking force generated in the container 2 is reduced by the horizontal force T · cos θ of the tension T generated in the lashing rod 6 and the turnbuckle 7 to prevent the container 2 from being crushed.
If a tightening force is applied to one of the lashing rods (10 or 12), the joint α position is pulled upward by the tightening force and moves, but at this time, the joint α is connected to the corner metal of the adjacent container 2. Since one lashing rod (10 or 12) works in the loosening direction, no tension is generated and the compressive force generated in the adjacent container corner metal is not increased.

In the following, in FIG. 2, the corner metal numbers 5 a _{1 to 3} and 5 b ₁ to ₃ will be described as the container corner numbers.
By the horizontal forces f1-f3, overturning force b1~b3 occurs in the container corner _{5b 1 to 3.}
The horizontal force T · cos θ of the tension T generated in the lashing rod 6 and the turnbuckle 7 acts in the opposite direction to the overturning forces b1 to b3 that cause the container 2 to overturn and serves as a deterrent against the overturn.
However, if the overturning force b1 to b3 cannot be canceled with the horizontal force T · cos θ, the auto twist lock 3 and the container corner metal are placed between the upper and lower container corners by the overturning force b1 to b3. 5a _1-3 , 5b A mouth opens only by the backlash between _1-3 (ρ1-ρ3).
At this time, the container 2 is secured by the lashing rod 10 and the turnbuckle 11 connected via the rod 10 between the lashing eye plate 4 on the upper surface of the hatch cover 1 and the container corner metal 5b ₂ .
Tension T2 is generated in the lashing rod 10 and the turnbuckle 11 with respect to the opening amount ρ1 of the mouth of the container corner 5b1, and the tipping force ρ1 acting on the container corner metal is reduced by suppressing the opening amount ρ1. As a result, the tensile force generated in the auto twist lock 3 is eliminated or reduced, thereby preventing a container fall accident due to the break of the auto twist lock 3.
In FIG. 2, ρ1 to ρ3 are the opening amounts of the first-stage to third-stage container lower corners and the twist lock, and δ1 to δ3 are the first-stage to third-stage containers due to the horizontal force from the hull motion. Indicates the amount of horizontal displacement of the upper corner hardware position.

Further, in the lashing rod 12 on the other side, the position of the joint α between the lashing rod 12 and the turnbuckle 11 is moved upward by being pulled by the lashing rod 10, so that the lashing rod 12 is contracted. Since the tension T2 ′ generated at 12 is almost zero, as a result, there is no load increase with respect to the compression force a1 of the adjacent container 2.
According to the above-described embodiment method, a container standing on the ship to tie up the containers stacked on the ship and having a plurality of stacked heights can be secured in a stable state, and more containers can be secured. Can be stacked.
In addition, it is necessary to use a tightening member that generates a force in the vertical direction. The tightening member is composed of a general-purpose lashing rod and a turnbuckle. Therefore, the structure is simple and the maintenance is simplified.

The above-described lashing eye plate 4 locks three turnbuckles 7, 9, and 11 with one lashing eye plate 4. However, two or three lashing eye plates 4 provide three The turnbuckles 7, 9, and 11 may be locked. It is preferable in terms of stress resistance that at least the lashing eye plate 4 for locking the turnbuckle 11 is provided at the center of the adjacent installation planned position on the front and back side of the container.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately modified as necessary. In addition, each component in the embodiment includes those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art and those that are substantially the same.

It is a whole front view which shows the loading state of the shipboard container which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view explaining the stress generation condition in the state which received the ship body shake in FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of FIG. 1. (A) is a detailed view of the lashing rod shown in FIG. 1, (b) is a detailed view of the turnbuckle shown in FIG. It is a whole front view which shows the loading state of the conventional shipboard container. It is a front view explaining the stress generation condition in the state which received the ship body shaking in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 hatch cover 2 container 3 auto twist lock 4 lashing eye plate 5 corner metal 5a, 5b upper corner metal 5a ₂ , 5b ₂ lower corner metal 6, 8, 10, 12 lashing rod 7, 9, 11 turn buckle 13 tightening member 14 Fastening member

Claims (3)

  Adjacent and stacked on the ship by attaching tightening members between the lashing attachments on the hull structure such as hatch covers, lashing bridge pillars and stages, and the upper or lower corners of the container. In the onboard container lashing method for securing a container, one end of the tightening member is attached to the lashing attachment portion, and the other end of the tightening member is attached to a corner metal of an adjacent container located in front of the lashing attachment portion. A shipboard container lashing method characterized by attaching.   The shipboard container securing method according to claim 1, wherein the tightening member includes two lashing rods and one turn buckle with respect to the upper corner metal of the container adjacent to each other.   The onboard container lashing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a tightening member is attached in a plow-like shape between a lower corner metal part of the container placed on the container and the attachment part for lashing. Method.

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