JP2007177251A - Soil amelioration method - Google Patents

Soil amelioration method Download PDF

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JP2007177251A
JP2007177251A JP2007017397A JP2007017397A JP2007177251A JP 2007177251 A JP2007177251 A JP 2007177251A JP 2007017397 A JP2007017397 A JP 2007017397A JP 2007017397 A JP2007017397 A JP 2007017397A JP 2007177251 A JP2007177251 A JP 2007177251A
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soil
erodible
improvement method
sake lees
lees
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Koichi Fuchigami
浩一 渕上
Hiroyuki Kaji
博之 梶
Teruo Higa
照夫 比嘉
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EM RES ORGANIZATION
EM RESEARCH ORGANIZATION
OOBA KK
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EM RESEARCH ORGANIZATION
OOBA KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soil amelioration method improving physical conditions of the erosive soil and much decreased in effects on environment and human body. <P>SOLUTION: The soil amelioration method uses lees of rice wine produced in liquor manufacturing process to improve physical conditions of the erosive soil and comprises a first step for dispersing the lees of rice wine on the erosive soil, wherein, the first step includes a step for mixing the lees of rice wine with a rice grinding waste liquid, and a second step for accumulating compost on the surface of the erosive soil dispersed with the lees of rice wine and a third step for generating mycelium on the erosive soil dispersed with the mixed liquid are included. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、酒類の製造過程で副産物として生成される酒粕を用いて、浸食性土壌の物理性を改良する土壌改良方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a soil improvement method for improving the physical properties of erodible soil using sake lees produced as a by-product in the production process of alcoholic beverages.

主に、沖縄本島、久米島、石垣島などに分布する赤黄色土の「国頭マージ」や、主に、沖縄本島中南部、宮古島などに分布し泥岩を由来とする残積性未熟土の「ジャーガル」などは、他の土壌と比較して、水や風によって浸食されやすい特質がある。このような浸食され易い土壌を、本明細書では「浸食性土壌」と呼称する。このような浸食性土壌を主とする農地や裸地では、降雨等によって表土流亡が生ずると共に、土の微粒子を大量に含んだいわゆる「赤水」が発生し、河川や海洋の汚染の原因となっている。しかしながら、浸食性土壌を主とする農地や裸地への対策技術は存在せず、法的にも手当てがされていない状況となっている。   `` Kunigami merge '' of red and yellow soil mainly distributed on Okinawa main island, Kume island, Ishigaki island, etc. “Jargar” and other soils are more easily eroded by water and wind than other soils. Such eroded soil is referred to herein as “erodible soil”. In such farmland and bare land, where erodible soil is the main cause, topsoil runoff occurs due to rain, etc., and so-called “red water” containing a large amount of soil fine particles is generated, causing river and ocean pollution. ing. However, there is no countermeasure technology for agricultural land and bare land mainly composed of erodible soil, and it has not been treated legally.

上記のような土壌の流出を防止するために、例えば、特許文献1では、浸食性土壌を、土壌団粒化剤、固化剤、および清水と混合させて土壌を団粒化させる技術が提案されている。
特開平11−256154号公報
In order to prevent the outflow of soil as described above, for example, Patent Document 1 proposes a technique for aggregating soil by mixing erodible soil with a soil aggregating agent, a solidifying agent, and fresh water. ing.
JP-A-11-256154

しかしながら、特許文献1記載の技術は、浸食性土壌(赤土)を土壌表面から取り出して固化剤と土壌団粒化剤を混合させ、団粒化させた後で元に戻す手順を踏むが、取り出した後に残された土壌表面については何ら考慮されていない。このため、浸食性土壌(赤土)に固化剤と土壌団粒化剤とを混合させて元に戻すまでは、土壌表面は何ら処理されていないため、降雨等により、表土流出が生じてしまう。さらに、固化剤や土壌団粒化剤が化学物質を含んでいる場合は、環境や人体への影響も無視できない場合もある。   However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 takes a procedure of taking out erodible soil (red soil) from the soil surface, mixing the solidifying agent and the soil aggregating agent, and then bringing them back to the original state after aggregation. No consideration has been given to the soil surface left behind. For this reason, since the soil surface is not treated at all until the solidifying agent and the soil aggregating agent are mixed with the erodible soil (red soil) and returned to the original state, runoff occurs due to rainfall or the like. Furthermore, when the solidifying agent and soil aggregating agent contain chemical substances, the influence on the environment and the human body may not be ignored.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、浸食性土壌の物理性を改良すると共に、環境および人体に対して与える影響を極めて小さくすることができる土壌改良方法を提供することを目的とする。   This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, While providing the physical property of erodible soil, while providing the soil improvement method which can make the influence which has with respect to an environment and a human body very small. With the goal.

(1)上記の目的を達成させるため、本発明は、以下のような手段を講じた。すなわち、本発明の土壌改良方法は、酒類の製造過程で副産物として生成される酒粕を用いて、浸食性土壌の物理性を改良する土壌改良方法であって、前記酒粕を前記浸食性土壌に散布する第1工程を含むことを特徴としている。   (1) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following measures. That is, the soil improvement method of the present invention is a soil improvement method for improving the physical properties of erodible soil using liquor produced as a by-product during the production of liquor, wherein the liquor is sprayed on the erodible soil. Including a first step.

このように、酒粕を浸食性土壌に散布することによって、土壌に菌糸を発生させることができ、この菌糸が土壌粒子を結び付け、浸食性土壌を団粒化させることが可能となる。土壌が団粒化することにより、土壌流出を防止することが可能となると共に、通気性および透水性が向上するため、植物の栽培土壌として用いることが可能となる。   In this way, by dispersing sake lees over erodible soil, hyphae can be generated in the soil, and the hyphae bind soil particles and aggregate the erodible soil. When soil aggregates, it becomes possible to prevent soil outflow and improve air permeability and water permeability, so that it can be used as plant cultivation soil.

(2)また、本発明の土壌改良方法は、前記酒粕が散布された浸食性土壌の表面に堆肥を積層させる第2工程をさらに含むことを特徴としている。   (2) Moreover, the soil improvement method of this invention is characterized by further including the 2nd process of laminating | stacking compost on the surface of the erodible soil where the said sake lees were spread | dispersed.

このように、酒粕が散布された浸食性土壌の表面に堆肥を積層させるので、浸食性土壌の表面が保護され、直射日光に晒されることが無くなる。これにより、菌糸を発生させ易くすると共に、発生した菌糸を成長させ易くすることが可能となる。また、堆肥を積層させることによって、消臭効果が得られる。また、堆肥は、廃棄物を原料として製造することができるので、廃棄物の再利用を図ることができる。その結果、環境問題の解決に貢献することが可能となる。   Thus, since the compost is laminated on the surface of the erodible soil sprayed with sake lees, the surface of the erodible soil is protected and is not exposed to direct sunlight. As a result, it is possible to facilitate the generation of mycelia and facilitate the growth of the generated mycelia. Moreover, the deodorizing effect is acquired by laminating | stacking compost. Further, since compost can be produced using waste as a raw material, it is possible to reuse the waste. As a result, it is possible to contribute to solving environmental problems.

(3)また、本発明の土壌改良方法において、前記第1工程は、前記酒粕と、米のとぎ汁とを混合させる工程をさらに含み、前記混合溶液を前記浸食性土壌に散布することを特徴としている。   (3) Moreover, in the soil improvement method of the present invention, the first step further includes a step of mixing the sake lees and rice soup, and the mixed solution is sprayed on the erodible soil. Yes.

このように、酒粕と、米のとぎ汁とを混合させるので、菌糸を成長させやすくすることが可能となる。また、米のとぎ汁は、酒類の製造過程で副産物として生成されるものであるため、これを混合溶液の材料として用いることができ、廃棄物の再利用を図ることができる。その結果、環境問題の解決に貢献することが可能となる。   Thus, since sake lees and rice soup are mixed, it becomes possible to facilitate the growth of mycelia. In addition, rice tofu is produced as a by-product during the production of alcoholic beverages, so that it can be used as a mixed solution material, and waste can be reused. As a result, it is possible to contribute to solving environmental problems.

(4)また、本発明の土壌改良方法において、前記第1工程は、少なくとも一種類の微生物を含む溶液で米のとぎ汁を発酵させたものを混合させる工程をさらに含み、前記混合溶液を前記浸食性土壌に散布することを特徴としている。   (4) In the soil improvement method of the present invention, the first step further includes a step of mixing a fermented rice broth with a solution containing at least one type of microorganism, and the erosion of the mixed solution It is characterized by spraying on soil.

このように、少なくとも一種類の微生物を含む溶液で米のとぎ汁を発酵させるので、腐敗を防止することが可能となる。その結果、土壌へ散布する前に長期間の保存が可能となる。   Thus, since the rice broth is fermented with the solution containing at least one kind of microorganisms, it becomes possible to prevent spoilage. As a result, long-term storage is possible before spraying on the soil.

(5)また、本発明の土壌改良方法において、前記微生物を含む溶液は、光合成細菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌、糸状菌、または放線菌を含む有用微生物を複合した培養液であることを特徴としている。   (5) Moreover, in the soil improvement method of this invention, the solution containing the said microorganisms is a culture solution which combined the useful microorganisms containing photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi, or actinomycetes, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. .

このように、微生物を含む溶液は、光合成細菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌、糸状菌、または放線菌を含む有用微生物を複合した培養液であるので、米のとぎ汁の腐敗を防止すると共に、土壌へ散布した後は、菌糸の成長を促進させることが可能となる。   Thus, since the solution containing microorganisms is a culture solution that combines useful microorganisms including photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi, or actinomycetes, it prevents spoilage of rice tofu and is applied to the soil. After that, it becomes possible to promote the growth of hyphae.

(6)また、本発明の土壌改良方法において、前記混合溶液が散布された浸食性土壌に菌糸を発生させる第3工程をさらに含むことを特徴としている。   (6) Moreover, the soil improvement method of this invention is characterized by further including the 3rd process of generating a mycelium in the erodible soil sprayed with the said mixed solution.

このように、土壌に菌糸を発生させるので、この菌糸が土壌粒子を結び付け、浸食性土壌を団粒化させることが可能となる。土壌が団粒化することにより、土壌流出を防止することが可能となると共に、通気性および透水性が向上するため、植物の栽培土壌として用いることが可能となる。   Thus, since the mycelium is generated in the soil, the mycelium binds the soil particles, and the erodible soil can be aggregated. When soil aggregates, it becomes possible to prevent soil outflow and improve air permeability and water permeability, so that it can be used as plant cultivation soil.

本発明によれば、土壌に菌糸を発生させるので、この菌糸が土壌粒子を結び付け、浸食性土壌を団粒化させることが可能となる。土壌が団粒化することにより、土壌流出を防止することが可能となると共に、通気性および透水性が向上するため、植物の栽培土壌として用いることが可能となる。さらに、本発明では、化学品等を使用しないため、環境や人体に対する影響を極めて小さくすることができる。また、従来、再利用が難しく廃棄されることが多かった酒粕をリサイクル利用することができると共に、客土材を投入せずに現地の土壌そのものを改良することができるため、環境保護の観点からも好ましい。さらに、特殊な装置、大型機械、専門のオペレータ、および特殊な処理工程等が不要であるため、簡易かつ低コストで浸食性土壌の改良を行なうことが可能となる。   According to the present invention, since mycelia are generated in the soil, the mycelium binds the soil particles, and the erodible soil can be aggregated. When soil aggregates, it becomes possible to prevent soil outflow and improve air permeability and water permeability, so that it can be used as plant cultivation soil. Furthermore, in the present invention, since no chemical product or the like is used, the influence on the environment and the human body can be extremely reduced. Also, from the viewpoint of environmental protection, it is possible to recycle liquor that has been difficult to reuse and was often discarded, and to improve the local soil itself without throwing in soil. Is also preferable. Furthermore, since special equipment, large machines, specialized operators, special processing steps, and the like are not required, it is possible to improve erodible soil easily and at low cost.

本実施形態では、沖縄の赤黄色土や関東ローム層などに分布し、水や風により浸食され易い浸食性土壌である「赤土」を主とする農地や裸地において、本発明を実施した場合を説明する。すなわち、赤土を主とする農地や裸地を、本発明に係る土壌改良制方法によって処理し、浸食性土壌の物理性を改良する。   In the present embodiment, when the present invention is implemented in farmland or bare land mainly of “red soil”, which is an erodible soil that is distributed in Okinawa's red-yellow soil and Kanto loam layer and is easily eroded by water and wind Will be explained. That is, farmland and bare land mainly composed of red soil are treated by the soil improvement method according to the present invention to improve the physical properties of erodible soil.

浸食性土壌とは、浸食されやすい土壌を意味するものであり、上記「赤土」に限定されるわけではない。例えば、主に、沖縄本島、久米島、石垣島などに分布する赤黄色土の「国頭マージ」のみならず、主に、沖縄本島中南部、宮古島などに分布し泥岩を由来とする残積性未熟土の「ジャーガル」などの土壌も浸食性土壌に該当する。   The erodible soil means soil that is easily eroded, and is not limited to the “red soil”. For example, not only the “Kunigami merge” of red and yellow soils distributed mainly on the main islands of Okinawa, Kume Island, and Ishigaki Island, but also the residual sediment derived from mudstones mainly distributed in the central southern part of the main island of Okinawa, Miyako Island, etc. Soil such as immature soil “jar gal” is also an erodible soil.

「泡盛」は、日本国内最古の蒸留酒と言われ、原料である米を麹にして、この米麹と水に酵母を加えて発酵させ、単式蒸留機で蒸留して作られるものである。この蒸留後、「酒粕」が生成される。この泡盛の酒粕は、腐敗しやすいため、再利用が難しいとされてきた。   "Awamori" is said to be the oldest distilled liquor in Japan. It is made from rice, which is the raw material, and fermented by adding yeast to this rice bran and water, and then distilled using a single distillation machine. . After this distillation, “sake lees” are produced. This Awamori liquor has been considered to be difficult to reuse because it tends to rot.

本実施形態では、生成された泡盛の酒粕の温度を35℃から45℃の範囲内に調整し、少なくとも一種類の微生物を含む溶液で米のとぎ汁を発酵させた溶液と、前記温度調整された泡盛の酒粕とを混合させて「混合溶液」を作製する。この微生物を含む溶液は、EMを用いることが望ましい。EMとは、Effective Microorganismsの略称であり、光合成細菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌を主体に、安全で有用な微生物を共生させた液状の微生物資材である。EMに含まれる微生物は、主として、上記の光合成細菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌の他、糸状菌、または放線菌であり、EMは、これらの有用微生物群を複合した培養液である。さらに、このEMから抽出した酵素を使用しても良い。   In this embodiment, the temperature of the produced awamori sake lees is adjusted within the range of 35 ° C. to 45 ° C., and the temperature of the solution is obtained by fermenting rice broth with a solution containing at least one kind of microorganism. Mix with awamori sake lees to make a “mixed solution”. It is desirable to use EM for the solution containing the microorganism. EM is an abbreviation for Effective Microorganisms, and is a liquid microbial material mainly composed of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and yeasts, in which safe and useful microorganisms are symbiotic. Microorganisms contained in EM are mainly the above-mentioned photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi, or actinomycetes, and EM is a culture solution in which these useful microorganisms are combined. Further, an enzyme extracted from this EM may be used.

次に、以上のような混合溶液を、浸食性土壌に散布する。この場合、混合溶液を、浸食性土壌に「散布」しても良いし、散布後、耕運機により耕して、混合溶液が十分に浸食性土壌に混ざり合うようにしても良い。   Next, the above mixed solution is sprayed on the erodible soil. In this case, the mixed solution may be “sprayed” on the erodible soil, or may be cultivated by a cultivator after spraying so that the mixed solution is sufficiently mixed with the erodible soil.

次に、混合溶液が混合した浸食性土壌に菌糸を発生させる。この場合、常温で一週間、そのまま放置しても良いし、ビニールシート等の被覆材を被せて降雨や日光を直接受けないようにしても良い。   Next, hyphae are generated in the erodible soil mixed with the mixed solution. In this case, it may be left as it is for one week at room temperature, or it may be covered with a covering material such as a vinyl sheet so that it is not directly exposed to rain or sunlight.

本実施形態で使用する資材は、廃棄物の再利用という環境問題の解決に貢献するため以下のものを選定した。
(1)泡盛の酒粕・・・泡盛の蒸留時に粕として排出されるものである。
(2)米とぎ汁発酵液・・・米のとぎ汁を上記EMで発酵させた溶液とする。米のとぎ汁は、泡盛を製造する過程で大量に排出されるものであるため、これを有効に利用する。
(3)堆肥・・・下水汚泥、畜産糞尿、残渣などの廃棄物をEM処理して堆肥化したものを利用する。これらの廃棄物は大量に供給されるため、資材としても安定供給が可能である。
The following materials were selected as materials used in this embodiment in order to contribute to the solution of the environmental problem of waste recycling.
(1) Awamori sake lees ... discharged as koji when Awamori is distilled.
(2) Rice tomato juice fermented solution: A solution obtained by fermenting rice tomato juice with the EM. Rice tofu soup is effectively used because it is discharged in large quantities in the process of producing awamori.
(3) Compost: Uses wastes such as sewage sludge, livestock manure, and residues that have been composted by EM treatment. Since these wastes are supplied in large quantities, they can be stably supplied as materials.

本実施形態に係る土壌改良方法は、泡盛の製造過程で副産物として生成される酒粕を用いて、浸食性土壌の物理性を改良する土壌改良方法であって、前記酒粕を前記浸食性土壌に散布する第1工程と、前記酒粕が散布された浸食性土壌の表面に堆肥を積層させる第2工程(マルチング)と、前記混合溶液が散布された浸食性土壌に菌糸を発生させる第3工程(養生)と、を含んでいる。また、前記第1工程は、光合成細菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌、糸状菌、または放線菌を含む有用微生物(EM)を複合した培養液で米のとぎ汁を発酵させたものと、前記酒粕とを混合させる工程をさらに含む。   The soil improvement method according to the present embodiment is a soil improvement method for improving the physical properties of erodible soil using sake lees produced as a by-product in the manufacturing process of Awamori, wherein the sake lees are sprayed on the erodible soil. A first step, a second step (mulching) for stacking compost on the surface of the erodible soil sprayed with the sake lees, and a third step (curing) for generating hyphae in the erodible soil sprayed with the mixed solution ) And. In the first step, the rice bran is mixed with a fermented rice broth with a culture solution in which useful microorganisms (EM) including photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi, or actinomycetes are combined. The process of making it contain further.

第1工程では、1m当り、米のとぎ汁にEMを加えて処理した培養液(米のとぎ汁発酵液)を1リットル、泡盛の酒粕を4リットル、水を15リットル用意し、これらを混合させる。そして、この混合溶液を浸食性土壌に散布する。散布後、1分から2分経過すると、混合溶液が浸食性土壌に浸透していく。 In the first step, 1 liter of culture solution (rice tofu juice fermented liquid) treated with EM added to rice soup is prepared per 1 m 2 , 4 liters of Awamori sake lees and 15 liters of water are mixed. . And this mixed solution is sprayed on erodible soil. When 1 to 2 minutes have passed after spraying, the mixed solution penetrates into the erodible soil.

次に、EMで処理した堆肥を上記浸食性土壌の上に積層させる(マルチング)。積層の厚さは、0.5cm〜1cm(0.5×10−2m〜1.0×10−2m)である。次に、堆肥を積層させた後、1日から2日放置する。これにより、本発明に係る土壌改良が完了する。 Next, the compost treated with EM is laminated on the erodible soil (mulching). The thickness of the laminate is 0.5cm~1cm (0.5 × 10 -2 m~1.0 × 10 -2 m). Next, after laminating the compost, it is left for 1 to 2 days. Thereby, the soil improvement which concerns on this invention is completed.

次に、本発明の効果を実証するために行なったモデル実験について説明する。
[モデル作製]
まず、直径約8cm、深さ約8cmの広口ビンを4個準備し、各広口ビンに、浸食性土壌(以下、「赤土」として説明する。)を7分目程度入れる。次に、実験区1として、米のとぎ汁発酵液と泡盛の酒粕を含む混合溶液を注ぎ込み(散布)、表面にEM処理した堆肥を厚さが0.5cm〜1cm(0.5×10−2m〜1.0×10−2m)となるようにマルチングする。また、実験区2として、米のとぎ汁発酵液と泡盛の酒粕を含む混合溶液を赤土の上に注ぎ込む(散布)。実験区3として、赤土の表面にEM処理した堆肥を厚さが0.5cm〜1cm(0.5×10−2m〜1.0×10−2m)となるようにマルチングする。これにより、無処理区、実験区1から実験区3が完成した。そして、実験区完成後の数日後(本実施形態では、2日後)、各実験区に水を散布した。
Next, a model experiment conducted for demonstrating the effect of the present invention will be described.
[Model creation]
First, four wide-mouthed bottles having a diameter of about 8 cm and a depth of about 8 cm are prepared, and erodible soil (hereinafter referred to as “red soil”) is put into each wide-mouthed bottle for about 7 minutes. Next, as experimental section 1, a mixed solution containing rice broth fermented liquor and awamori sake lees was poured (sprayed), and the surface of the compost subjected to EM treatment on the surface was 0.5 cm to 1 cm (0.5 × 10 −2). m to 1.0 × 10 −2 m). In addition, as experimental section 2, a mixed solution containing rice fermented broth and awamori sake lees is poured onto red soil (spreading). As experimental group 3, compost thickness that EM treatment on the surface of the red soil is mulched so that 0.5cm~1cm (0.5 × 10 -2 m~1.0 × 10 -2 m). As a result, the untreated section, experimental section 1 to experimental section 3 were completed. Then, water was sprayed on each experimental section several days after the completion of the experimental section (in this embodiment, two days later).

[モデル実験の結果]
図1は、モデル実験の結果を示す図である。まず、「赤土流出抑制効果」についてみると、無処理区では、赤土流出抑制効果は全く見られない。実験区1および実験区2では、十分に赤土流出抑制効果を発揮した。実験区3では、無処理区と比較すれば赤土流出抑制効果を奏しているものの、十分に赤土の流出を抑制したとはいえない結果となった。
[Results of model experiment]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the results of a model experiment. First, regarding the “red soil runoff suppression effect”, the red soil runoff suppression effect is not seen at all in the untreated zone. In Experiment Group 1 and Experiment Group 2, the red soil outflow suppression effect was sufficiently exhibited. In Experimental Zone 3, although the red soil runoff suppression effect was achieved as compared with the untreated zone, it could not be said that the red soil runoff was sufficiently suppressed.

次に、「排水性」についてみると、無処理区では、排水性が非常に悪く、赤土が、吸水後、粘土状に固まり、著しい排水不良の状態に陥った。実験区1では、表面のマルチングの緩衝効果を受けるため、若干排水速度が遅くなった。実験区2では、吸水後、速やかに排水し、その後も団粒化を維持した。実験区3では、赤土が、吸水後、粘土状に固まり、著しい排水不良の状態に陥った。   Next, regarding “drainage”, in the untreated area, drainage was very poor, and red soil solidified into clay after water absorption, resulting in a remarkable drainage failure. In Experimental Zone 1, the drainage rate was slightly slowed due to the buffering effect of the surface mulching. In Experimental Zone 2, the water was quickly drained after water absorption, and the agglomeration was maintained thereafter. In Experimental Zone 3, the red soil solidified into clay after water absorption and fell into a state of remarkable drainage.

次に、臭気についてみると、無処理区は臭気の元となる酒粕が無いため、比較対照外とする。実験区1では、悪臭は発生しなかった。実験区2では、泡盛の酒粕に由来する悪臭が発生した。また、吸水するとさらに臭気が強くなった。実験区3では、泡盛の酒粕を使用しないこととEM処理した堆肥の効果が現れたことで、悪臭は発生しなかった。   Next, regarding the odor, the untreated area has no liquor as a source of odor, so it is excluded from comparison. In Experimental Zone 1, no offensive odor occurred. In Experimental Zone 2, a bad odor originated from Awamori sake lees. Moreover, the odor became stronger when water was absorbed. In Experimental Zone 3, no odor was generated due to the use of awamori sake lees and the effect of EM-treated compost.

次に、効果の持続性についてみると、実験区1では、菌糸が十分に発生したことにより、気象条件を選ばずに効果が持続すると考えられる。実験区2では、酒粕液(有機物)によって一時的に団粒構造が形成されたことから、風化に伴って効果が薄れていく。実験区3では、マルチングが水に流された時点で効果が全くなくなってしまう。   Next, regarding the sustainability of the effect, it is considered that in the experimental group 1, the effect is sustained regardless of the weather conditions because the mycelium is sufficiently generated. In Experimental Zone 2, since the aggregate structure was temporarily formed with liquor liquor (organic matter), the effect diminishes with weathering. In Experimental Zone 3, the effect is completely lost when the mulching is poured into water.

[総合評価]
(1)実験区1では、赤土の流出および赤水の発生を十分に抑制することができた。実験区1では、菌糸が発生するので、その働きによって赤土流出抑制効果が持続する。また、一度菌糸が張ってしまえば、マルチングした堆肥が流されたとしても効果は維持される。さらに、養生前後でも泡盛の酒粕の臭気が発生しなかった。
(2)実験区2では、赤土の流出および赤水の発生を十分に抑制することができた。しかしながら、酒粕液の風化に伴って、赤土流出抑制効果が薄れてしまうと考えられる。また、養生前後で泡盛の酒粕の悪臭が発生してしまった。
(3)実験区3では、赤土の流出および赤水の発生は、マルチングによって物理的に抑制することができるが、赤土自体の改良がなされていないため、根本的な解決にはならなかった。すなわち、赤土の流出および赤水の発生を物理的に抑制しているマルチングが流されてしまうと、もはや無処理区と同じ状態になってしまう。
(4)以上の考察から、実験区1が最も優れた効果を発揮することが分かった。
[Comprehensive evaluation]
(1) In Experimental Zone 1, the outflow of red soil and the generation of red water could be sufficiently suppressed. In Experimental Zone 1, since mycelia are generated, the red soil outflow suppression effect is sustained by its function. In addition, once the hyphae are stretched, the effect is maintained even if the mulched compost is washed away. Furthermore, the odor of Awamori sake lees was not generated before and after curing.
(2) In Experiment Group 2, the outflow of red soil and the generation of red water could be sufficiently suppressed. However, with the weathering of sake lees liquor, it is considered that the red soil outflow suppression effect is diminished. In addition, the bad smell of Awamori sake lees was generated before and after curing.
(3) In the experimental group 3, the outflow of red soil and the generation of red water can be physically suppressed by mulching, but since the red soil itself has not been improved, it has not been a fundamental solution. That is, if mulching that physically suppresses the outflow of red soil and the generation of red water is flowed, it will no longer be in the same state as the untreated section.
(4) From the above consideration, it was found that the experimental group 1 exhibits the most excellent effect.

以上説明したように、本実施形態によれば、土壌に菌糸を発生させるので、この菌糸が土壌粒子を結び付け、浸食性土壌を団粒化させることが可能となる。土壌が団粒化することにより、土壌流出を防止することが可能となると共に、通気性および透水性が向上するため、植物の栽培土壌として用いることが可能となる。さらに、本発明では、化学品等を使用しないため、環境や人体に対する影響を極めて小さくすることができる。また、従来、再利用が難しく廃棄されることが多かった酒粕をリサイクル利用することができると共に、客土材を投入せずに現地の土壌そのものを改良することができるため、環境保護の観点からも好ましい。さらに、特殊な装置、大型機械、専門のオペレータ、および特殊な処理工程等が不要であるため、簡易かつ低コストで浸食性土壌の改良を行なうことが可能となる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, the mycelium is generated in the soil, so that the mycelia binds the soil particles and aggregates the erodible soil. When soil aggregates, it becomes possible to prevent soil outflow and improve air permeability and water permeability, so that it can be used as plant cultivation soil. Furthermore, in the present invention, since no chemical product or the like is used, the influence on the environment and the human body can be extremely reduced. Also, from the viewpoint of environmental protection, it is possible to recycle liquor that has been difficult to reuse and was often discarded, and to improve the local soil itself without throwing in soil. Is also preferable. Furthermore, since special equipment, large machines, specialized operators, special processing steps, and the like are not required, it is possible to improve erodible soil easily and at low cost.

モデル実験の実験区の設定例および効果を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of a setting of the experimental section of a model experiment, and an effect.

Claims (6)

酒類の製造過程で副産物として生成される酒粕を用いて、浸食性土壌の物理性を改良する土壌改良方法であって、
前記酒粕を前記浸食性土壌に散布する第1工程を含むことを特徴とする土壌改良方法。
A soil improvement method for improving the physical properties of erodible soil using sake lees produced as a by-product in the production process of liquor,
The soil improvement method characterized by including the 1st process of spraying the said sake lees on the said erodible soil.
前記酒粕が散布された浸食性土壌の表面に堆肥を積層させる第2工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の土壌改良方法。   The soil improvement method according to claim 1, further comprising a second step of laminating compost on the surface of the erodible soil to which the sake lees have been spread. 前記第1工程は、前記酒粕と、米のとぎ汁とを混合させる工程をさらに含み、
前記混合溶液を前記浸食性土壌に散布することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2記載の土壌改良方法。
The first step further includes a step of mixing the sake lees and rice soup.
The soil improvement method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mixed solution is sprayed on the erodible soil.
前記第1工程は、少なくとも一種類の微生物を含む溶液で米のとぎ汁を発酵させたものを混合させる工程をさらに含み、
前記混合溶液を前記浸食性土壌に散布することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2記載の土壌改良方法。
The first step further includes a step of mixing a fermented rice broth with a solution containing at least one type of microorganism,
The soil improvement method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mixed solution is sprayed on the erodible soil.
前記微生物を含む溶液は、光合成細菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌、糸状菌、または放線菌を含む有用微生物を複合した培養液であることを特徴とする請求項4記載の土壌改良方法。   5. The soil improvement method according to claim 4, wherein the solution containing microorganisms is a culture solution in which useful microorganisms including photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi, or actinomycetes are combined. 前記混合溶液が散布された浸食性土壌に菌糸を発生させる第3工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項4または請求項5記載の土壌改良方法。   The soil improvement method according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a third step of generating mycelia in the erodible soil sprayed with the mixed solution.
JP2007017397A 2007-01-29 2007-01-29 Soil amelioration method Pending JP2007177251A (en)

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JPH05169044A (en) * 1991-12-24 1993-07-09 Teruo Higa Treatment of waste from alcohol production
JP2002068879A (en) * 2000-08-23 2002-03-08 Toyo Rice Cleaning Machine Co Ltd Intermediate fermentation product of organic waste, fertilizer using the same and soil conditioner as well as soil conditioning method
JP2003342570A (en) * 2002-05-30 2003-12-03 Sankei Kogyo:Kk Soil conditioner
JP2005282312A (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Public Works Research Institute Soil erosion prevention method

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JPH05169044A (en) * 1991-12-24 1993-07-09 Teruo Higa Treatment of waste from alcohol production
JP2002068879A (en) * 2000-08-23 2002-03-08 Toyo Rice Cleaning Machine Co Ltd Intermediate fermentation product of organic waste, fertilizer using the same and soil conditioner as well as soil conditioning method
JP2003342570A (en) * 2002-05-30 2003-12-03 Sankei Kogyo:Kk Soil conditioner
JP2005282312A (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Public Works Research Institute Soil erosion prevention method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4743334B1 (en) * 2010-05-09 2011-08-10 合同会社イーエムバイオエンジニアリング Simple evaluation method of microbial risk and functional space to avoid the problem
JP2011234706A (en) * 2010-05-09 2011-11-24 Em Bio Engineering:Kk Method for simply evaluating microorganism risk and functional space avoiding the problem

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