JP4035104B2 - Raw garbage processing substrate and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a garbage processing base material used when fermenting and decomposing garbage by the action of microorganisms, and in particular, a novel garbage that can suppress the generation of malodor when treating garbage. The present invention relates to a waste disposal substrate.

  In recent years, a garbage processing apparatus has been proposed that decomposes garbage generated from ordinary households, restaurants and the like into water, carbon dioxide gas, and the like using the organic matter resolution of microorganisms such as aerobic bacteria. Such a garbage processing apparatus is generally composed of a fermenter, a stirring means, a ventilation means, etc., and a garbage processing base material (fungi that can retain and propagate microorganisms in the fermenter. Floor), the generated garbage is sequentially put into the fermentor, and the raw garbage is ventilated by the ventilation means while stirring the raw garbage processing base material and the raw garbage by the stirring means in the fermenter. The biodegradation action by microorganisms having organic substance resolving power in the treated substrate is made to function, and the garbage is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide gas.

  In this regard, as the garbage processing substrate used in such a garbage processing apparatus, sawdust as waste in the lumbering process is generally used, but such garbage processing with sawdust In the case of a base material, the base material absorbs moisture in the garbage to form a solid material by use, thereby reducing the surface area of the base material and reducing the voids. There was a risk that the growth of aerobic microorganisms would be suppressed. Another problem is that malodor is likely to occur due to the suppression of the growth of aerobic microorganisms.

  Here, the present invention has been made in the background as described above, and the problem to be solved is a novel garbage processing substrate that can suppress bad odors when processing garbage. Is to provide.

  Hereinafter, the aspect of this invention made | formed in order to solve such a subject is described. In addition, the component employ | adopted in each aspect as described below is employable by arbitrary combinations as much as possible. Further, aspects or technical features of the present invention are not limited to those described below, and are described in the entire specification and drawings, or an invention that can be understood by those skilled in the art from those descriptions. It should be understood that it is recognized based on thought.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, in the raw garbage processing base material configured to include wood strips, the wood strips are obtained by pulverizing wood, obtained by pulverizing wood, and pulverizing bark. The bark pulverized product has a volume of 1/3 or more of the whole volume of the wood strips, and the wood pulverized product and the bark pulverized product have a slenderness ratio of 2 to 20, respectively. On the other hand, in addition to the wood strips, it is characterized in that it contains pig excreta subjected to aeration treatment.

  In the garbage processing base material structured according to this embodiment, the wood strips constituting the garbage processing base material are crushed wood obtained by grinding wood and the bark is ground. Since the bark pulverized product is configured to be obtained, and since the wood pulverized product and the bark pulverized product have an elongated shape with an elongated ratio of 2 to 20, respectively, Gaps are easily formed between them.

  Therefore, in this aspect, it becomes possible to easily create an aerobic environment that is a premise of microbial decomposition, thereby efficiently decomposing garbage by microorganisms. It is possible to suppress the generation of malodor when fermenting and decomposing.

  In addition, when the wood chips are fermented with microorganisms contained in the excreta of pigs aerated with the raw garbage processing substrate of this embodiment and used for the garbage disposal, the consumption of the aerated pig feces and urine is reduced. The odor effect is exerted, and it becomes possible to suppress the generation of malodor when fermenting the wood chips by the microorganisms contained in the excreta of the aerated pig. In addition, the deodorizing effect by the aeration of swine manure is that the aerobic microorganisms remain while the anaerobic microorganisms contained in the swine manure are almost killed by aeration treatment of the swine manure. This is considered to be caused by the action of such aerobic microorganisms.

  In particular, in this aspect, the wood strip is composed of a pulverized wood and bark pulverized product having a slenderness ratio of 2 to 20, so that the wood strip that has appropriately taken in air is used. This makes it possible to suppress the generation of bad odors and effectively perform the garbage decomposition process with microorganisms.

  That is, if the slenderness ratio is less than 2, the wood strips are difficult to take in air, that is, it becomes difficult for voids to be formed in the wood strips. There is a problem that the ability decreases. On the other hand, when the slenderness ratio is larger than 20, the wood strip takes in a lot of air, that is, an unnecessarily large space is formed in the wood strip, thereby decomposing the garbage. There is a problem that will decrease. In addition, when wood chips are fermented by microorganisms contained in swine excreta subjected to aeration, there is a problem that fermentation is slowed down. Furthermore, there is also a problem that it becomes difficult to handle the wood strip.

  In addition, the slenderness ratio in this aspect shall mean the value which divided the length dimension of the pulverized wood product and bark ground material made into the elongate shape by the width dimension. Here, the length dimension refers to the value of the maximum length of the pulverized wood or bark pulverized material, and the width dimension refers to the value of the maximum width of the pulverized wood or bark pulverized material.

  In addition, the size of the pulverized wood and bark pulverized product of the present embodiment is preferably such that the width dimension is preferably 1 mm to 5 mm, more preferably 2-3 mm, and the length dimension is preferably 5 mm to 40 mm, More preferably, it is 10 mm-30 mm. And in this aspect, while ensuring such a magnitude | size, the pulverized wood and bark pulverized material set so that a slenderness ratio may become 2-20 will be employ | adopted suitably.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, in addition to the wood strips, the aeration-treated pig manure is included, so in addition to the wood strips, in particular, the microorganisms adhering to the crushed wood and bark crushed materials Thus, it becomes possible to use the microorganisms contained in the swine excreta subjected to aeration treatment for the decomposition process of the garbage, thereby efficiently performing the decomposition process of the garbage.

  In addition, it is desirable that the garbage processing base material of this aspect is used for the garbage treatment after fermenting the wood chips with microorganisms contained in the aeration-treated swine manure, thereby removing the garbage. It is possible to further suppress the off-flavor during processing. Furthermore, it is desirable that the fermented garbage processing base material is stored aged indoors.

  Therefore, the “aeration-treated pig excreta” in this embodiment is an aeration process in which pig excreta collected from a pig house is placed in an aeration tank. In addition, “pig manure” in this embodiment is a liquid effluent collected by flowing down the floor of a pig house, and is mainly composed of urine but also mixed with some feces. Note that the aeration process may be performed a plurality of times. In addition, it is desirable to perform the aeration treatment in an aeration tank in a natural digging, which makes it possible to suppress the smell of swine manure by the action of indigenous bacteria, and to effectively use useful microorganisms contained in swine manure It can be used. Moreover, the pig manure in this embodiment is preferably pig manure raised without antibiotics.

In addition, the pulverized wood in this aspect is advantageously obtained by cutting and crushing, as necessary, a felled forest or the like produced by construction work or road construction, or raw wood or sawdust from which the bark has been peeled. It is done. Further, the bark pulverized product in this embodiment is advantageously obtained by pulverizing bark peeled from raw wood. Then, you may make it obtain a crushed wood material and a bark pulverized material simultaneously by grind | pulverizing what was obtained by cutting the raw wood which has not been peeled. Further, the raw wood that has not been peeled may be a raw wood. Furthermore, when pulverizing raw wood or lumber scraps cut off if necessary, the bark may also be pulverized to obtain a crushed wood product and a crushed bark product simultaneously.
And the second aspect of the present invention is a garbage processing base material comprising a wood strip, the wood strip obtained by grinding wood, and a bark. And the bark pulverized product obtained by pulverizing the raw tree obtained by pulverizing the raw tree as the wood pulverized product. While having an elongated shape with an elongated ratio of 2 to 20, it is characterized in that it includes pig excreta subjected to aeration treatment in addition to the wood strips. According to this embodiment, it is possible to further suppress the generation of bad odor compared to the case where garbage is treated using a garbage disposal base material that does not contain fermented crushed raw wood. It becomes. The raw tree may be a conifer or a broad-leaved tree. In addition, fermentation of the pulverized raw tree may be performed by adding microorganisms to the pulverized raw tree and using the added microorganisms, or by using microorganisms attached to the raw tree. . In addition, when a raw wood pulverized product is obtained by pulverizing the raw wood with a pulverizer, the heat of the pulverized raw wood can be used to promote the fermentation of the raw wood pulverized product. . Further, the shape of the raw wood of this embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is not completely dried. For example, the raw wood may be in a state of raw wood that has not been peeled, or the raw wood that has been peeled. The state may be a state of only bark. Furthermore, the pulverization of raw wood may be performed simultaneously with the pulverization of wood or bark.

Moreover, in this invention, the aspect in which the said bark ground material contains what crushed the bark of a conifer may be employ | adopted suitably . According to this embodiment, it is possible to advantageously suppress the off-flavor when the garbage is decomposed or the off-flavor when the raw garbage processing substrate itself is fermented before the raw garbage treatment.

  Conifers include cedar and cocoons, but it is desirable to use cedar bark, which allows fermentation of the raw garbage processing base material itself before the treatment of odors and raw garbage when decomposing the raw garbage. It is possible to suppress the off-flavor in the case of making it more advantageous.

In the present invention, an embodiment in which the bark pulverized product includes a product obtained by pulverizing a bark of a broad-leaved tree can be suitably employed . In the garbage processing base material according to this embodiment, composting after the garbage is decomposed can be speeded up.

In addition, when this embodiment and the above-mentioned bark pulverized product are used in combination with a mode in which the bark of a coniferous tree is crushed, a bark pulverized product obtained by pulverizing a bark of a coniferous tree and a bark obtained by pulverizing a bark of a broadleaf tree It is desirable that the ratio of the pulverized product is approximately the same.

The third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the raw garbage processing substrate according to the second aspect, the volume of the bark pulverized product is 1/3 or more of the total volume of the wood strip. And According to this embodiment, it is possible to more advantageously suppress the off-flavor when the garbage is decomposed or the off-flavor when the raw garbage processing substrate itself is fermented before the raw garbage treatment.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the raw garbage processing equipment according to any one of the first to third aspects includes pig feces in a fermented state or a substantially fermented state. According to this embodiment, it is possible to immediately use the raw garbage processing substrate after decomposing the raw garbage as compost.

  That is, in the raw garbage processing base material made only of conventional sawdust, immediately after the raw garbage is decomposed, it cannot be used as compost, and a preparation period such as fermentation for a certain period of time was necessary. According to this aspect, it becomes possible to use as a compost even immediately after the raw garbage is decomposed by using the nutrients of the pig feces.

  Moreover, in this aspect, fermentation of the raw garbage processing base material itself before using for fermentation of raw garbage at the time of processing raw garbage, or raw garbage processing is accelerated | stimulated with the nutrient which pig excrement has. Furthermore, it is possible to increase the fermentation temperature by adding porcine feces, thereby making it possible to advantageously promote fermentation even in winter, for example. In addition, the fermentation temperature is increased by adding pork droppings. The addition of pork droppings adds high-temperature fermentation-type bacteria to the raw garbage processing base material, and fermentation by such high-temperature fermentation-type bacteria is performed. This is thought to be caused by this. Therefore, in this embodiment, the amount of pig droppings may be changed according to the temperature change in the season. In this case, the amount of pig droppings may be reduced in summer than in winter. In addition, it becomes easy to kill bacteria that are not related to garbage disposal, harmful bacteria, bacteria that may cause off-flavor, and the like by using the fermentation temperature that has been increased by adding pig droppings.

  In addition, the fermented pig feces in this embodiment refers to a state in which fermentation is completed and dried. In addition, the substantially fermented pig feces in this embodiment refers to a state where fermentation has progressed by about 80% but has not been completely dried.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, it is possible to make fermentation heat higher in the substantially fermented pig feces than in the fermented pig feces. Thereby, sterilization using fermentation heat will be performed more easily.

In addition, this embodiment is particularly preferably used in combination with an embodiment in which the bark pulverized product includes a product obtained by pulverizing the bark of coniferous trees , thereby, for example, using substantially fermented pig feces. However, the generation of malodor can be suppressed. In this case, the bark pulverized product is particularly preferably one obtained by pulverizing cedar bark.

A fifth aspect of the present invention, the garbage processing substrates according to the first to fourth one aspect, that it contains rice bran, characterized. In such a garbage processing base material according to this embodiment, fermentation of raw garbage when processing raw garbage with nutrients of rice bran or fermentation of the raw garbage processing base material itself before being used in the processing of garbage is promoted. The

Further, the present invention is a method for producing a raw garbage processing substrate according to the second or third aspect, wherein the pulverized wood includes a raw wood pulverized product obtained by pulverizing wood containing raw wood. A bark pulverization step for pulverizing the bark to obtain a bark pulverized product, and a slenderness ratio adjusting step for adjusting a slenderness ratio of the wood pulverized product and the bark pulverized product obtained by the wood pulverizing step and the bark pulverizing step, An aeration treatment step for aeration treatment of pig excreta, a pig manure obtained by the aeration treatment step, and the wood pulverized product and the bark pulverized product whose slenderness ratio is adjusted by the slenderness ratio adjusting step And a kneaded material fermentation step of fermenting the kneaded material obtained by the kneading step.

  According to this embodiment, the slenderness ratio is adjusted in the slenderness ratio adjusting step between the pulverized wood product obtained in the wood crushing step and the ground bark material obtained in the bark pulverization step. Therefore, it is possible to advantageously obtain the intended pulverized wood and bark pulverized product.

  Moreover, according to this aspect, the wood strips comprising the swine manure obtained by the aeration treatment step, and the wood pulverized product and bark pulverized product obtained by adjusting the slenderness ratio obtained by the slenderness ratio adjusting step. Are kneaded by the kneading step, and the kneaded product obtained by the kneading step is fermented by the kneaded product fermentation step, so that it is possible to suppress generation of malodor during fermentation of the kneaded product.

  Furthermore, when the bark pulverized product contains coniferous bark, particularly cedar bark, it is possible to suppress the generation of off-flavors in the kneading step and the kneaded material fermentation step.

  In addition, the slenderness ratio adjustment process in this aspect is advantageously realized by, for example, sieving the crushed wood obtained by the wood pulverization process or the crushed bark obtained by the bark pulverization process. Moreover, the wood crushing step in this embodiment is advantageously realized by crushing wood with a crusher, for example. Furthermore, the bark pulverization step in this embodiment is advantageously realized by, for example, pulverizing the bark with a pulverizer. Furthermore, the wood crushing step and the bark crushing step in this embodiment may be performed only once or may be performed a plurality of times. Furthermore, the wood crushing step and the bark crushing step in this embodiment may be performed separately or simultaneously. Furthermore, the number of times that the strip ratio adjustment process is performed is not limited to one. The kneading step is advantageously realized by stirring for a predetermined time using stirring means such as blades. Furthermore, the kneaded material fermentation step is advantageously realized by, for example, stacking the kneaded material obtained in the kneading step at a predetermined height while being ventilated indoors. Note that the stacked kneaded product may be turned over.

Moreover, when manufacturing the garbage processing base material which concerns on a said 4th aspect, in addition to these processes, a pig dung fermentation process is provided separately, the fermentation state obtained by this pig dung fermentation process, or a substantially fermentation It is desirable to knead the swine feces in a state together with other materials in the kneading step, and ferment the kneaded material obtained in the kneading step in the kneaded material fermentation step. Thereby, it becomes possible to obtain the target garbage processing base material advantageously.

  In particular, in this case, the kneaded product is mixed with fermented or substantially fermented pig feces, so that the kneaded product does not reach a high temperature in the kneading step, but rises from the kneaded product fermentation step.

  Furthermore, in this case, since the fermented or substantially fermented pig feces are kneaded, it becomes possible to increase the heat of fermentation, and microorganisms that are not necessary for the treatment of garbage using such heat of fermentation. It becomes possible to kill.

  In addition, a pig dung fermentation process is advantageously implement | achieved, for example by pile-up pig swine collected from the pig house and carrying out natural fermentation.

In addition, when producing the garbage processing substrate according to the fifth aspect, the rice bran is kneaded together with other materials in the kneading step, and the kneaded product obtained in the kneading step is fermented in the kneaded material fermentation step. It is desirable to make it. Thereby, it becomes possible to obtain the target garbage processing base material advantageously. In addition, as a rice bran, a commercially available thing can be used.

Further, the in the production of garbage treated substrate according to the second aspect, in addition to the above steps, living trees pulverized product obtained by the rough wood grinding process and rough wood grinding process for grinding the living trees A fermented raw wood pulverized product fermentation process is provided separately, and the fermented raw wood pulverized product obtained by performing the raw wood pulverized step and the raw wood pulverized product fermented step is kneaded together with other materials in the kneading step. The kneaded product obtained in the kneading step is preferably fermented in the kneaded product fermentation step. Thereby, it becomes possible to obtain the target garbage processing base material advantageously.

  In addition, the raw wood grinding | pulverization process in this aspect is implement | achieved advantageously by grind | pulverizing a raw wood with a grinder, for example. Moreover, a raw-wood ground material fermentation process is advantageously implement | achieved by fermenting using the microorganisms adhering to a raw-wood ground material, for example. Furthermore, the raw wood crushing step may be performed simultaneously with the wood crushing step and the bark crushing step. Furthermore, the slenderness ratio of the crushed raw wood may be adjusted in the slenderness ratio adjusting step.

Furthermore, the present invention is also characterized by a garbage disposal method using the garbage disposal substrate according to any one of the first to fifth aspects. In this regard, when processing garbage using the garbage processing substrate, it is only necessary to sprinkle the garbage processing substrate on the garbage, but it is desirable to knead the garbage processing substrate and the garbage. Thereby, it is possible to efficiently perform the decomposition process of the garbage. Also, the garbage processing substrate may be embedded in the garbage, or the garbage layer and the garbage processing substrate layer may be stacked. It may be covered. Furthermore, the ratio of the raw garbage processing base material to the raw garbage is preferably 3: 1. However, depending on the type of raw garbage, the ratio of the raw garbage processing base material to the raw garbage may be 4: 1.

  As is clear from the above description, in the garbage processing substrate according to the present invention, the pulverized wood and bark pulverized material contained in the wood strip are each in an elongated shape, and the elongated ratio is Therefore, a gap is easily formed between the pulverized wood and bark pulverized material, thereby forming a favorable aerobic environment for the growth of aerobic microorganisms. As a result, it is possible to efficiently carry out the fermentative decomposition of garbage by aerobic microorganisms, and to advantageously suppress the generation of malodor.

  Hereinafter, in order to clarify the present invention more specifically, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process of the garbage processing substrate 16 of the present invention. In the wood crushing step (S1), wood is pulverized using a pulverizer. This timber is raw wood or sawn wood scraped from bark. In addition, the raw wood or lumber waste from which the bark has been peeled may be cut as necessary and processed into an appropriate size. A conventionally well-known various grinder can be used for a grinder. Further, the wood may be a conifer or a broad-leaved tree. Furthermore, only one type of wood may be used, or a plurality of types of wood may be used. Furthermore, raw wood may be used.

  Then, the slenderness ratio of the crushed wood material 10 (see FIG. 2) obtained by the wood crushing step (S1) is adjusted in the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2). This slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2) is realized by, for example, passing the crushed wood material 10 through a sieve.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, a large number of slender pulverized wood products 10 like needles are obtained. There, the size of the pulverized wood 10 is, as shown in FIG. 3, the width dimension: a is preferably 1 mm to 5 mm, more preferably 2 mm to 3 mm, while the length dimension: b Is preferably 5 mm to 40 mm, more preferably 10 mm to 30 mm. In the present embodiment, the width dimension: a employs the value of the maximum width of the crushed wood material 10, and the length dimension: b employs the value of the maximum length of the crushed wood material 10. ing. In the present embodiment, the slenderness ratio of the pulverized wood material 10 obtained by the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2), that is, the value obtained by dividing the length dimension: b of the pulverized wood material 10 by the width dimension: a: (b / A) was set to 2-20. In addition, when it is difficult to obtain only the pulverized wood 10 satisfying such a slenderness ratio, as long as the pulverized wood 10 satisfies the width dimension: a and the length dimension: b, the slenderness ratio is obtained. The pulverized wood 10 that does not satisfy the above may be included.

  Further, the wood crushing step (S1) and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2) may be repeated until a wood crusher 10 having an appropriate slenderness ratio is obtained. Furthermore, after the wood crushing step (S1) is repeated an appropriate number of times, the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2) may be performed.

  In the bark pulverization step (S3), the bark peeled from the raw wood is pulverized using a pulverizer. The bark peeled from the raw wood may be processed to an appropriate size before being pulverized by a pulverizer. In addition, a conventionally well-known thing can be employ | adopted for a grinder. Further, the bark may be a coniferous tree or a broadleaf tree. Furthermore, the bark of a plurality of types of trees may be employed, or the bark of one type of tree may be employed. In the case of employing the bark of a plurality of types of trees, a coniferous tree and a broadleaf tree may be employed.

  In the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S4), the slenderness ratio of the bark pulverized material 12 (see FIG. 4) obtained in the bark pulverizing step (S3) is adjusted. Specifically, for example, the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S4) is performed by passing the bark pulverized material 12 through a sieve.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 4, a large number of needle-like elongated bark pulverized products 12 are obtained. The bark pulverized product 12 obtained by the bark pulverizing step (S3) and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S4) is the same as the wood pulverized product 10 obtained by the wood pulverizing step (S1) and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2). The width dimension and the length dimension have the same size. Furthermore, the measurement conditions of the width dimension and the length dimension are the same as in the case of the crushed wood 10. Furthermore, the slenderness ratio is set similarly to the pulverized wood 10.

  The bark pulverization step (S3) and the slenderness ratio adjustment step (S4) may be repeated until a bark pulverized product 12 having an appropriate slenderness ratio is obtained. Further, after the bark crushing step (S3) is performed an appropriate number of times, the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S4) may be performed. Furthermore, the bark crushing step (S3) and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S4) may be performed simultaneously with the wood crushing step (S1) and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2).

  In the aeration treatment step (S5), pig excreta collected from the piggery is placed in an aeration tank and aeration treatment is performed. At that time, the swine manure may be subjected to aeration processing a plurality of times in a plurality of aeration tanks. In addition, the aeration tank may be made of concrete, but may also be an unearthed one. In particular, when aeration processing is performed in an aerated tank, the malodor of swine manure is suppressed by the action of indigenous bacteria.

  And it was obtained by the pulverized wood 10 adjusted in the slenderness ratio obtained by the wood crushing step (S1) and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2), the bark crushing step (S3) and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S4). A kneading step (S6) for kneading the bark pulverized product 12 with the slenderness ratio adjusted and the swine manure obtained in the aeration treatment step (S5) is performed. This kneading step (S6) can be advantageously realized, for example, by putting the material to be kneaded into a mixer and kneading.

  The ratio of the materials to be kneaded (wood pulverized product 10, bark pulverized product 12 and pig manure) is a mixture of pulverized wood product 10 and bark pulverized product 12 (hereinafter referred to as sawdust) 1 cubic meter. On the other hand, pig manure is preferably about 100 to 200 liters. Moreover, as for the ratio of the pulverized wood 10 and the bark pulverized material 12 constituting the sawdust, the volume of the bark pulverized material 12 is preferably 1/3 or more of the volume of the sawdust.

  In addition, you may make it add rice bran, fermented pig feces, or substantially fermented pig feces as a material kneaded in a kneading | mixing process (S6) as needed. Commercially available rice bran can be used. When adding rice bran, 20-30 liters per 1 cubic meter of sawdust is desirable. As the fermented pig feces, for example, a pig feces fermented treatment in which pig feces collected from a pig house are piled up and fermented is employed. Moreover, the substantially fermented pig feces refers to those in a state where fermentation by such pig feces fermentation treatment has progressed about 80%. In addition, when performing the pig manure fermentation process, it is desirable to mix the pork manure with fine cedar skin, thereby suppressing the generation of malodor when the pig manure is fermented. It becomes possible. When adding fermented pig dung or substantially fermented pig dung, 10 to 20 liters per 1 cubic meter of sawdust is desirable.

  In the kneaded product fermentation step (S7), the kneaded product 14 (garbage treatment base material 16) obtained in the kneading step (S6) is fermented. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the kneaded product 14 (garbage treatment base material 16) is piled up to a certain height: h and fermented for a certain period of time. In addition, you may cut back during fermenting. Moreover, 1.5 to 3 m is desirable as the height of stacking: h. When the height is 3 m or more, it becomes difficult to form a gap for air to enter the kneaded product 14 (garbage treatment base material 16), thereby deteriorating the fermentation state and generating a bad odor when turning over.

  When raw garbage is decomposed using the raw garbage processing substrate 16 (fermented) manufactured by such a manufacturing process, the pulverized wood 10 and the bark pulverized material 12 are adjusted to an appropriate slenderness ratio. Therefore, moderate air is taken in between the sawdust (a mixture of the pulverized wood 10 and the bark pulverized material 12), and thereby an aerobic environment suitable for the growth of aerobic microorganisms. Will be formed. As a result, the garbage is efficiently decomposed by the action of aerobic microorganisms, and it is possible to suppress the generation of a strange odor when the garbage is decomposed.

  Further, it is possible to suppress the generation of a strange odor when the kneaded product 14 (garbage treatment base material 16) is fermented.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, since the kneaded material 14 (garbage treatment base material 16) is fermented, it is possible to advantageously suppress the generation of a strange odor when the garbage is decomposed.

  Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

  First, cocoons, vertebrate trees and cedar were prepared as wood. The ratio of cypress, vertebrate and cedar is 1: 1. In addition, cedar bark and birch bark were prepared as bark. The ratio of cedar skin and straw skin is 8: 2. The ratio of wood to bark was 7: 3, 4: 6, and 2: 8. For comparison, only wood was prepared.

  These wood and bark were simultaneously pulverized using Komatsu BR200S, and iron-based foreign matters were removed using a magnetic separator. Subsequently, the pulverized wood and bark were simultaneously pulverized using a Komatsu Zeno Hammer Crusher CR370M, and iron-based foreign matters were removed by a magnetic separator. Furthermore, the pulverized wood and bark were pulverized with Blakeman TPC-800 manufactured by Ishida Engineering Co., Ltd.

  The pulverized wood and bark pulverized in three stages as described above was sieved with a mesh having a width of 5 mm. As a result, a pulverized wood and bark pulverized material having a width of 3 mm and a length of 10 to 40 mm were obtained.

  Kyozen Shoji Co., Ltd. uses a mixture of pulverized wood and bark (hereinafter referred to as sawdust) and separately prepared rice bran and aerated pig manure. Kneading using a Kyozen mixer. The ratio of each material was 100 liters for swine manure and 30 liters for rice bran, and 10 liters for swine manure per a cubic meter of sawdust. The kneading time is 30 minutes.

  Therefore, the manure collected from the piggery is the first aeration tank made of concrete, the second and third aeration tanks for digging, and the adjustment pond for digging. While performing aeration treatment in each aeration tank in the order of the four aeration tanks, it was discharged from the first aeration tank to the fourth aeration tank and aged in the fourth aeration tank (regulatory pond). It is pig manure. Indigenous bacteria act on the swine manure obtained in this manner, thereby suppressing the malodor of swine manure. A commercially available rice bran was used. Furthermore, pig droppings are collected from pig houses and are fermented naturally, and are fermented by about 80%.

  And what was kneaded in this way was piled up indoors in the height of 2.5 m, and was fermented at room temperature. At that time, it was ventilated by opening the entrance door. In addition, the light was shielded so as to be dim. The fermented kneaded product (garbage treatment base material) was turned back on the 15th day from the start of fermentation and further fermented for 15 days. Note that the temperature of the kneaded product (garbage treatment base material) was 50 to 60 degrees about two to three days after stacking.

  The raw garbage was processed using the raw garbage processing base material (fermented) manufactured in this way. For garbage disposal, a garbage disposal machine (GO-u15A) manufactured by Toshiba is used to knead the garbage disposal base material, garbage and sawdust (a mixture of ground wood and bark ground). did. The ratio of the garbage processing substrate and the garbage is 1 liter of garbage with respect to 6 liters of the garbage processing substrate (fungus bed). In addition, sawdust is added for moisture adjustment by putting raw garbage. The kneading time is 1 hour.

  And a garbage processing base material using the ratio of wood and bark in a ratio of 7: 3, a garbage processing base material using a ratio of wood and bark in a ratio of 4: 6, wood About the garbage processing base material using what has a bark of 2: 8, the heat | fever, the smell, and the decomposition | disassembly ability were investigated for every hour after completion | finish of kneading | mixing, respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.

  As can be seen from Table 1, there was no difference in heat, odor, and decomposition ability in any of the garbage processing substrates using different ratios of wood and bark. As for the decomposition ability, 1 cm of garbage remained after 1 hour, and 5 mm of garbage remained after 2 hours and 3 hours, respectively. And 4 hours later, the garbage was gone. The odor was a little after 1 hour but disappeared after 2 hours. The heat was gone after 1 hour. In addition, in the raw garbage processing base material using only what crushed wood, it was so high that it was not touched by hand 30 minutes after finishing kneading. Therefore, it was confirmed that the raw garbage processing substrate mixed with the crushed bark can suppress a rapid increase in the fermentation temperature. In addition, when compared with a raw garbage processing base material using only wood, the level of odor generated can be sufficiently suppressed so that it hardly becomes a problem at a practical level when the bark according to the present invention is mixed. Was confirmed. Even when only wood is used, it is due to the fact that the elongated shape allows air to reach the inside, compared to a conventional base material using only granular wood powder (wood). In some cases, the effect of suppressing odors and the effect of improving garbage disposal efficiency are recognized to some extent, but it has also been confirmed that these effects are still not sufficient compared to the case where bark is mixed.

  45 liters of sawdust and 90 liters of raw garbage were added to 90 liters of the raw garbage processing base material mixed with crushed wood and bark, kneaded for 30 minutes, then taken out, and the temperature change was examined. The results are shown in Table 2. In addition, what was manufactured with the manufacturing method of Example 1 was employ | adopted for the garbage disposal base material. Incidentally, the ratio of wood to bark is 1: 1.

  As shown in Table 2, the temperature changed such that the first day was 28 degrees, the second day was 37 degrees, the fourth day was 59 degrees, and the eighth day was 40 degrees. It is thought that fermentation reached the peak around the 4th day. On the 10th day, the garbage was composted.

  40 liters of Okara was added to 120 liters of the garbage processing base material, stirred for 30 minutes, and then piled up to a height of 45 cm. Table 3 shows the results of examining the subsequent temperature change and odor. The raw garbage processing base material is 30 m of rice bran, 10 liters of pig feces fermented about 80%, and 100 liters of aerated pig excreta, and kneaded for 1.5 m. It is the thing which piled up to the height of and fermented for 30 days. The raw garbage processing base material is turned over once on the 15th day after being piled up, that is, after starting fermentation.

  The first and second days had a sour odor (fermented odor). On the third and fourth days, there was a little smell. From the 5th day onward, the odor decreased. The temperature was 21 degrees on the first day, but was 60 degrees on the second day. The third and fourth days were 61 degrees and the fifth day was 62 degrees. On the sixth day, it was 55 degrees when measured at 10 am and 31 degrees when measured at 5 pm. The seventh day was 38 degrees. On the eighth day, it was 31 degrees when measured at 10 am and 28 degrees when measured at 6 pm. On the ninth day, it was 20 degrees. Therefore, the fermentation is considered to have been completed on the 6th day. Then, when the stacked kneaded material (processed raw garbage) was examined in the morning of the 10th day, the upper and lower portions of the stacked state had moisture remaining, but the stacked state The middle part was dry well.

  45 liters of okara and 45 liters of sawdust were added to 90 liters of the raw garbage processing substrate, stirred for 30 minutes, and then piled up to a height of 60 cm. Sawdust is added for moisture adjustment. Table 4 shows the results of examining the subsequent temperature change, odor, and surface condition. The raw garbage processing base material is 30 m of rice bran, 10 liters of pig feces fermented about 80%, and 100 liters of aerated pig excreta, and kneaded for 1.5 m. It is the one that has been fermented for 30 days. The raw garbage processing base material is turned over once on the 15th day after being piled up, that is, after starting fermentation.

  The odor was low from the second day. As for the surface state, white mold and water bubbles were confirmed from the 3rd day to the 6th day. On the 7th and 8th days, white mold was confirmed, but water bubbles were not confirmed. On the 9th day, neither white mold nor water bubbles were confirmed. On the first day, the temperature was 21 degrees at 14:00. The second day was 47 degrees at 9:30 and 58 degrees at 11:00. On the third day, it was 66 degrees at 9:30 and 65 degrees at 18:00. On the fourth day, it was 65 degrees at 9:30. On the fifth day, it was 64 degrees at 9:30. On day 6, it was 57 degrees at 9:30. On day 7, it was 49 degrees at 9:30 and 42 degrees at 13:00. Day 8 was 35 degrees at 10 o'clock. Day 9 was 24 degrees at 10 o'clock. Considering the observation results of the temperature and the state of the surface, it is considered that the fermentation was completed around the fifth day. Then, in the morning of the 10th day, when examining the stacked kneaded material (processed raw garbage), there was moisture in the upper and lower portions in the stacked state, but the stacked The middle part in the state was very dry. The kneaded material thus fermented can also be reused. Furthermore, the kneaded material thus fermented was composted in 15 days.

  Add 30 liters of rice bran, 10 liters of pig feces fermented about 80%, and 100 liters of aerated pig excrement to 1 cubic meter of sawdust, knead, and then pile up to a height of 1.5 m and ferment for 30 days A raw garbage treated base material (turned once on the 15th day) was prepared. There, two types of sawdust were prepared: natural fermented product obtained by simultaneously pulverizing the bark and wood, and sawdust. The number of days required for natural fermentation was 3 days, and natural fermentation was carried out in a state where it was put in a storage or the like in which the pulverized product was put. And garbage was processed using the garbage processing base material from which sawdust differs in this way. Then, when garbage is processed with the garbage processing base material whose sawdust is fermented pulverized material rather than when garbage is processed with the garbage processing base material whose sawdust is sawdust, it smells better. It was confirmed that In addition, in the raw garbage processing base material in which the sawdust is a fermented pulverized product, it is confirmed that no bad odor is generated and the amount of raw garbage does not increase even if the raw garbage is input for 10 consecutive days. It was done. Furthermore, it was also confirmed that the raw garbage processing base material after processing the raw garbage (the sawdust is a fermented pulverized product) was evaporated to a dried state and used for compost.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention and some examples were shown, this invention is not limited at all by these specific descriptions.

  For example, you may employ what pulverized bamboo as sawdust. Further, the amount of swine manure, a fermented or substantially fermented swine manure, and rice bran that have been subjected to an aeration treatment to be added to sawdust is not limited to the above embodiment and the above examples. Furthermore, the manufacturing process of a garbage disposal base material is not limited to the thing of the said embodiment and the said Example.

  In addition, although not enumerated one by one, the present invention can be carried out in a mode to which various changes, modifications, improvements and the like are added based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art. It goes without saying that all are included in the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing process of the garbage processing base material of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram explaining the pulverized wood obtained in the wood pulverization step. It is drawing for demonstrating the magnitude | size and slenderness ratio of a pulverized wood. It is a conceptual diagram explaining the bark ground material obtained at the bark grinding process. It is drawing explaining the state which piled up the kneaded material.

Explanation of symbols

10 Wood ground 12 Bark ground 16 Garbage treatment base material

Claims (7)

In the raw garbage processing base material configured to contain wood chips,
The wood strip includes a pulverized wood obtained by grinding wood and a bark pulverized product obtained by grinding bark, and the volume of the bark crushed material is the total volume of the wood strip. 1/3 or more of the above, and the pulverized wood and bark pulverized products are each formed into an elongated shape having an elongated ratio of 2 to 20, and in addition to the wood strips, aeration-treated pig manure is included. A garbage processing substrate characterized by   In the raw garbage processing base material configured to contain wood chips,
  A raw tree obtained by pulverizing a raw tree as the pulverized wood, the pulverized wood piece comprising a pulverized timber obtained by pulverizing wood, and a crushed bark obtained by pulverizing bark. The pulverized product is composed of a fermented product, and the wood pulverized product and bark pulverized product are each formed into an elongated shape having a slenderness ratio of 2 to 20, while the swine manure is aerated in addition to the wooden strips. A garbage disposal substrate characterized by containing. The raw garbage processing substrate according to claim 2 , wherein a volume of the bark pulverized product is 1/3 or more of an entire volume of the wood strip. The raw garbage processing base material in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3 containing the pig feces of a fermentation state or a substantially fermented state. The raw garbage processing base material in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4 containing the rice bran. A method for producing a garbage disposal substrate according to claim 2 or 3 ,
It is obtained by pulverizing wood containing raw wood to obtain pulverized wood containing raw wood pulverized material, bark pulverizing step for pulverizing bark to obtain crushed bark, and these wood pulverizing step and bark pulverizing step. The slenderness ratio adjusting step for adjusting the slenderness ratio of the pulverized wood and bark pulverized product, the aeration treatment step for aeration treatment of pig manure, the swine manure obtained by the aeration treatment step and the slenderness ratio A kneading step for kneading the wood pulverized product and the wood bark containing the bark pulverized product whose slenderness ratio has been adjusted by the adjusting step, and a kneaded material fermentation step for fermenting the kneaded product obtained by the kneading step And a method for producing a garbage disposal base material.
A garbage disposal method using the garbage disposal substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 5 .

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