JP2007177242A - シンチレータ組成物並びに関連プロセス及び製品 - Google Patents
シンチレータ組成物並びに関連プロセス及び製品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2007177242A JP2007177242A JP2006340890A JP2006340890A JP2007177242A JP 2007177242 A JP2007177242 A JP 2007177242A JP 2006340890 A JP2006340890 A JP 2006340890A JP 2006340890 A JP2006340890 A JP 2006340890A JP 2007177242 A JP2007177242 A JP 2007177242A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- scintillator
- lanthanide
- matrix material
- lanthanum
- cerium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- -1 lanthanide halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- KYKBXWMMXCGRBA-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(3+);triiodide Chemical compound I[La](I)I KYKBXWMMXCGRBA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910016859 Lanthanum iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical group [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 55
- XKUYOJZZLGFZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) bromide Chemical compound Br[La](Br)Br XKUYOJZZLGFZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract description 19
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract description 13
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- CTLWNUORPLEHQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N O(I)I.[La] Chemical compound O(I)I.[La] CTLWNUORPLEHQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 23
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 12
- MOOUSOJAOQPDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(iii) bromide Chemical group [Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Ce+3] MOOUSOJAOQPDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002600 positron emission tomography Methods 0.000 description 7
- TXKAQZRUJUNDHI-UHFFFAOYSA-K bismuth tribromide Chemical compound Br[Bi](Br)Br TXKAQZRUJUNDHI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 6
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical group BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002059 diagnostic imaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009206 nuclear medicine Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004857 zone melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- XZXYQEHISUMZAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(CC=2C(=CC=C(C)C=2)O)=C1 XZXYQEHISUMZAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n-dimethylpyridine-2,5-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=N1 OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEDNSMBVYXSBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-bromo-2-chloroquinoline-4-carbonyl chloride Chemical compound C1=C(Br)C=C2C(C(=O)Cl)=CC(Cl)=NC2=C1 KEDNSMBVYXSBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017569 La2(CO3)3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052773 Promethium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940107816 ammonium iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ce+3].[Ce+3] DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- MEANOSLIBWSCIT-UHFFFAOYSA-K gadolinium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Gd](Cl)Cl MEANOSLIBWSCIT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KGOKDPWKDBWITQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K gadolinium(3+);tribromide Chemical compound Br[Gd](Br)Br KGOKDPWKDBWITQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UKOAOXYMPSILTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(3+);trisilicate Chemical compound [Gd+3].[Gd+3].[Gd+3].[Gd+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] UKOAOXYMPSILTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZPIUJUFIFZSPW-UHFFFAOYSA-H lanthanum carbonate Chemical compound [La+3].[La+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O NZPIUJUFIFZSPW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229960001633 lanthanum carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950010610 lutetium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DWHGOINJUKABSY-UHFFFAOYSA-K lutetium(3+);tribromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Lu+3] DWHGOINJUKABSY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- BOYZAERJCXIRAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium(3+);trisilicate Chemical compound [Lu+3].[Lu+3].[Lu+3].[Lu+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BOYZAERJCXIRAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEDROEGYZIARPU-UHFFFAOYSA-K lutetium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Lu](Cl)Cl AEDROEGYZIARPU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);praseodymium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Pr+3].[Pr+3] MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003447 praseodymium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PLKCYEBERAEWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-K praseodymium(3+);tribromide Chemical compound Br[Pr](Br)Br PLKCYEBERAEWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LHBNLZDGIPPZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-K praseodymium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pr](Cl)Cl LHBNLZDGIPPZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N promethium atom Chemical compound [Pm] VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012217 radiopharmaceutical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121896 radiopharmaceutical Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002799 radiopharmaceutical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000031264 response to gamma radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003451 terbium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SCRZPWWVSXWCMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Tb+3].[Tb+3] SCRZPWWVSXWCMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940105965 yttrium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K4/00—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/185—Measuring radiation intensity with ionisation chamber arrangements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7704—Halogenides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
- C09K11/7772—Halogenides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/202—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
- G01T1/2023—Selection of materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】 シンチレータ材料はある種のハロゲン化ランタニドマトリクス材料に基づく。一実施形態では、マトリクス材料はハロゲン化ランタニドの混合物、すなわち、塩化ランタンと臭化ランタンのような2種以上のハロゲン化物の固溶体を含む。別の実施形態では、マトリクス材料はヨウ化ランタンのみからなるもので、オキシヨウ化ランタンを実質的に含まない。シンチレータ材料は、単結晶の形態でも多結晶の形態でもよく、セリウムのような賦活剤も含む。これらのハロゲン化物シンチレータの阻止能及びシンチレーション効率をさらに向上させるためのビスマスの添加についても開示する。本シンチレータを用いた放射線検出器についても、高エネルギー放射線の検出法と併せて開示する。
【選択図】 図1
Description
以下の実施例は例示にすぎず、請求項に係る発明の範囲を限定するものではない。
以下の実施例は例示にすぎず、請求項に係る発明の範囲を限定するものではない。
Claims (10)
- 以下の成分(i)〜(iii)及びそれらの反応生成物を含んでなるシンチレータ組成物。
(i)1種以上のハロゲン化ランタニドを含むマトリクス材料、
(ii)セリウム、プラセオジム及びセリウムとプラセオジムの混合物からなる群から選択される元素を含むマトリックス材料用賦活剤、及び
(iii)ビスマス。 - ハロゲン化ランタニドと賦活剤とビスマスのモル比が約98:1:1〜1:1:98である、請求項1記載のシンチレータ組成物。
- ハロゲン化ランタニドと賦活剤とビスマスのモル比が約98:1:1〜89:1:10である、請求項2記載のシンチレータ組成物。
- ハロゲン化ランタニドと賦活剤とビスマスのモル比が約98:1:1〜1:98:1である、請求項1記載のシンチレータ組成物。
- ハロゲン化ランタニドと賦活剤とビスマスのモル比が約98:1:1〜1:89:10である、請求項1記載のシンチレータ組成物。
- ハロゲン化ランタニドマトリクス材料が(i)2種以上のハロゲン化ランタニドの固溶体及び(ii)酸素を実質的に含まないヨウ化ランタンからなる群から選択される、請求項1記載のシンチレータ組成物。
- 高エネルギー放射線用の放射線検出器であって、
(a)以下の成分(i)〜(iii)及びそれらの反応生成物も含んでなる結晶シンチレータ、
(i)ハロゲン化ランタニドマトリクス材料、
(ii)セリウム、プラセオジム及びセリウムとプラセオジムの混合物からなる群から選択される元素を含むマトリックス材料用賦活剤、及び
(iii)ビスマス、並びに
(b)シンチレータで発生した光パルスの放出に応答して電気信号を発生することができるようにシンチレータと光学的に結合した光検出器
を備える放射線検出器。 - シンチレータのマトリクス材料のランタニドがランタンである、請求項7記載の放射線検出器。
- シンチレーション検出器での高エネルギー放射線の検出方法であって、当該方法が
(a)賦活ハロゲン化ランタニド系シンチレータ結晶で放射線を受けて、放射線に特有の光子を発生させるステップと、
(b)シンチレータ結晶と結合した光子検出器で光子を検出するステップと
を含み、上記シンチレータ結晶が以下の成分(i)〜(iii)及びそれらの反応生成物を含んでなる、方法。
(i)ハロゲン化ランタニドマトリクス材料、
(ii)セリウム、プラセオジム及びセリウムとプラセオジムの混合物からなる群から選択される元素を含むマトリックス材料用賦活剤、及び
(iii)ビスマス。 - ハロゲン化ランタニドマトリクス材料が(i)2種以上のハロゲン化ランタニドの固溶体及び(ii)実質的に無酸素であるハロゲン化ランタニドからなる群から選択される、請求項9記載の高エネルギー放射線の検出方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/316,305 | 2005-12-20 | ||
US11/316,305 US7576329B2 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2005-12-20 | Scintillator compositions, and related processes and articles of manufacture |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2007177242A true JP2007177242A (ja) | 2007-07-12 |
JP2007177242A5 JP2007177242A5 (ja) | 2011-02-03 |
JP5197948B2 JP5197948B2 (ja) | 2013-05-15 |
Family
ID=37891539
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006340890A Active JP5197948B2 (ja) | 2005-12-20 | 2006-12-19 | シンチレータ組成物並びに関連プロセス及び製品 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7576329B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1801183B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5197948B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101348523B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101016454B (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE499427T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2006252151B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2571663C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602006020235D1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2407041C2 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005120378A (ja) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-05-12 | General Electric Co <Ge> | シンチレータ組成物、及び関連プロセス及び製造物品 |
JP2008013762A (ja) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-24 | General Electric Co <Ge> | ハロゲン化ランタニド系シンチレータ組成物並びに関連方法及び製品 |
JP2008101180A (ja) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-05-01 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | シンチレータ用結晶及び放射線検出器 |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7365333B1 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2008-04-29 | Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc. | LuxY(1−x)Xa3 scintillators |
US7692156B1 (en) * | 2006-08-23 | 2010-04-06 | Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc. | Beam-oriented pixellated scintillators for radiation imaging |
US7470909B2 (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2008-12-30 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of National Defence | Directional gamma ray probe |
CN101074377B (zh) * | 2007-06-21 | 2012-04-11 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | 氟离子掺杂氯化镧铈闪烁材料 |
US7977645B1 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2011-07-12 | Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc. | Mixed cesium sodium and lithium halide scintillator compositions |
US7939808B1 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2011-05-10 | Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc. | Cesium and lithium-containing quaternary compound scintillators |
US7767975B2 (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2010-08-03 | Saint-Gobain Cristaux Et Detecteurs | Ionizing radiation detector |
FR2929296B1 (fr) * | 2008-03-31 | 2011-01-21 | Saint Gobain Cristaux Detecteurs | Recuit de monocristaux |
US20100224798A1 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-09-09 | Stichting Voor De Technische Wetenschappen | Scintillator based on lanthanum iodide and lanthanum bromide |
US20100092363A1 (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2010-04-15 | Graeve Olivia A | Combustion synthesis method and materials produced therefrom |
US8987670B2 (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2015-03-24 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Thermally-protected scintillation detector |
DE102009045520A1 (de) * | 2009-10-09 | 2011-04-14 | Schott Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Szintillationsmaterialien mit geringer Spannungsdoppelbrechung und hoher Homogenität der Brechzahl |
US8519347B2 (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2013-08-27 | Northwestern University | Methods and compositions for the detection of X-ray and gamma-ray radiation |
CN103131418B (zh) * | 2011-11-23 | 2017-04-12 | 通用电气公司 | Ce3+激活的混合卤化物钾冰晶石以及高能量分辨率闪烁体 |
RU2507629C2 (ru) * | 2012-05-10 | 2014-02-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт электрофизики Уральского отделения Российской академии наук (ИЭФ УрО РАН) | Способ получения тонкослойного, основанного на эффектах термически и/или оптически стимулированной люминесценции детектора заряженных частиц ядерных излучений на основе оксида алюминия |
US9606245B1 (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2017-03-28 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Autonomous gamma, X-ray, and particle detector |
US10379230B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2019-08-13 | Northwestern University | Chalco-phosphate-based hard radiation detectors |
US9650569B1 (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-05-16 | Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. | Method of manufacturing garnet interfaces and articles containing the garnets obtained therefrom |
US11390803B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2022-07-19 | Kyungpook National University Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation | Scintillator and method for manufacturing the same |
US10479934B1 (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2019-11-19 | National Technology & Engineering Solutions Of Sandia, Llc | Stabilized scintillator |
EP3714293B8 (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2023-11-15 | Luxium Solutions, LLC | Substrate including scintillator materials, system including substrate, and method of use |
WO2020085020A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-04-30 | 住友化学株式会社 | 炭酸ランタン水和物の製造方法 |
CN114959894B (zh) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-06-09 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | 一种多孔卤氧化镧单晶材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007009208A (ja) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-18 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 高光出力を有する高エネルギー分解能シンチレータ |
JP2008101180A (ja) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-05-01 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | シンチレータ用結晶及び放射線検出器 |
Family Cites Families (41)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3599109A (en) * | 1969-04-16 | 1971-08-10 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Second photon visible emitting phosphor and device utilizing same |
US3988252A (en) * | 1974-11-11 | 1976-10-26 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the production of Ba(Sr)FCl:Eu phosphors |
US4297584A (en) * | 1977-04-11 | 1981-10-27 | Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc. | Rare earth phosphors and phosphor screens |
FR2508179B1 (fr) * | 1981-06-23 | 1985-11-15 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Materiau pour scintillateurs, application a la realisation de detecteurs tres rapides de photons de grande energie et a la realisation de tomographes |
US4596927A (en) * | 1983-02-24 | 1986-06-24 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for induced gamma ray logging |
US4761347A (en) * | 1984-07-09 | 1988-08-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Phosphor and radiation image storage panel containing the same |
US5028509A (en) * | 1984-09-14 | 1991-07-02 | Konica Corporation | Method for converting radiographic image, radiation energy storage panel having stimulable phosphor-containing layer and alkali halide phosphor |
IL80333A (en) * | 1985-12-30 | 1991-01-31 | Gen Electric | Radiation detector employing solid state scintillator material and preparation methods therefor |
US5134293A (en) * | 1988-07-12 | 1992-07-28 | Universities Research Association, Inc. | Scintillator material |
US5039858A (en) * | 1990-01-31 | 1991-08-13 | Anderson David F | Divalent fluoride doped cerium fluoride scintillator |
US5015860A (en) * | 1990-04-03 | 1991-05-14 | University Of California | Scintillator materials containing lanthanum fluorides |
US5168540A (en) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-12-01 | Advanced Technology Materials Inc. | Scintillating articles and method of making the same |
US5213712A (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 1993-05-25 | General Electric Company | Lanthanum lutetium oxide phosphor with cerium luminescence |
US5453623A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1995-09-26 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Positron emission tomography camera with quadrant-sharing photomultipliers and cross-coupled scintillating crystals |
US5786600A (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1998-07-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | (Barium hafnate:Ti, Ce, Pb) phosphors phosphor screens and phosphor preparation methods |
US5882547A (en) * | 1996-08-16 | 1999-03-16 | General Electric Company | X-ray scintillators and devices incorporating them |
US5869836A (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 1999-02-09 | Saint-Gobain Industrial Ceramics, Inc. | Scintillation detector with sleeved crystal boot |
US6093347A (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 2000-07-25 | General Electric Company | Rare earth X-ray scintillator compositions |
US6278832B1 (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 2001-08-21 | Tasr Limited | Scintillating substance and scintillating wave-guide element |
US6362479B1 (en) * | 1998-03-25 | 2002-03-26 | Cti Pet Systems, Inc. | Scintillation detector array for encoding the energy, position, and time coordinates of gamma ray interactions |
US6624420B1 (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2003-09-23 | University Of Central Florida | Lutetium yttrium orthosilicate single crystal scintillator detector |
US6699406B2 (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2004-03-02 | Rutgers, The State University | Rare earth doped host materials |
US6246744B1 (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 2001-06-12 | General Electric Company | Cubic garnet host with PR activator as a scintillator material |
US6391434B1 (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 2002-05-21 | General Electric Company | Composite scintillator material and method of manufacture |
US6323489B1 (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2001-11-27 | Regents Of The University Of California | Single crystal scinitillator |
DE19934268C2 (de) | 1999-07-21 | 2002-02-14 | Michael Azzaretto | Tragplatte für ein Gebißmodell |
US6402987B1 (en) * | 1999-12-01 | 2002-06-11 | General Electric Company | YMO4:Eu,L phoshpor with improved lumen maintenance |
US6298113B1 (en) * | 2000-02-07 | 2001-10-02 | General Electric Company | Self aligning inter-scintillator reflector x-ray damage shield and method of manufacture |
NL1014401C2 (nl) | 2000-02-17 | 2001-09-04 | Stichting Tech Wetenschapp | Ceriumhoudend anorganisch scintillatormateriaal. |
US6437336B1 (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2002-08-20 | Crismatec | Scintillator crystals and their applications and manufacturing process |
US6900321B2 (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2005-05-31 | Symyx Technologies, Inc. | Substituted pyridyl amine complexes, and catalysts |
US6585913B2 (en) * | 2001-07-30 | 2003-07-01 | General Electric Company | Scintillator compositions of alkali and rare-earth tungstates |
JP5193409B2 (ja) * | 2001-09-21 | 2013-05-08 | 株式会社東芝 | 紙葉類処理装置と紙葉類処理装置の点検方法とテスト媒体 |
US6624422B2 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-09-23 | Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc | Method for dynamic stabilization of PET detector gains |
US6630077B2 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2003-10-07 | General Electric Company | Terbium- or lutetium - containing garnet phosphors and scintillators for detection of high-energy radiation |
US7022303B2 (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2006-04-04 | Rutgers, The State University | Single-crystal-like materials |
FR2847594B1 (fr) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-12-24 | Saint Gobain Cristaux Detecteu | Preparation de blocs d'halogenure de terre rare |
FR2855830B1 (fr) | 2003-06-05 | 2005-07-08 | Stichting Tech Wetenschapp | Cristaux scintillateurs du type iodure de terre rare |
US7173247B2 (en) * | 2003-09-24 | 2007-02-06 | Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc. | Lu1-xI3:Cex—a scintillator for gamma ray spectroscopy and time-of-flight PET |
US7084403B2 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2006-08-01 | General Electric Company | Scintillator compositions, and related processes and articles of manufacture |
US7214464B2 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2007-05-08 | Eastman Kodak Company | High speed positive-working photothermographic radiographic film |
-
2005
- 2005-12-20 US US11/316,305 patent/US7576329B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2006
- 2006-12-19 CA CA2571663A patent/CA2571663C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-19 JP JP2006340890A patent/JP5197948B2/ja active Active
- 2006-12-19 AT AT06126459T patent/ATE499427T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-12-19 DE DE602006020235T patent/DE602006020235D1/de active Active
- 2006-12-19 EP EP06126459A patent/EP1801183B1/en active Active
- 2006-12-19 KR KR1020060130201A patent/KR101348523B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-12-19 RU RU2006145225/28A patent/RU2407041C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-12-20 CN CN2006100640130A patent/CN101016454B/zh active Active
- 2006-12-20 AU AU2006252151A patent/AU2006252151B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007009208A (ja) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-18 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 高光出力を有する高エネルギー分解能シンチレータ |
JP2008101180A (ja) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-05-01 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | シンチレータ用結晶及び放射線検出器 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005120378A (ja) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-05-12 | General Electric Co <Ge> | シンチレータ組成物、及び関連プロセス及び製造物品 |
JP2008013762A (ja) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-24 | General Electric Co <Ge> | ハロゲン化ランタニド系シンチレータ組成物並びに関連方法及び製品 |
JP2008101180A (ja) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-05-01 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | シンチレータ用結晶及び放射線検出器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101016454B (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
RU2407041C2 (ru) | 2010-12-20 |
EP1801183A2 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
KR20070065822A (ko) | 2007-06-25 |
ATE499427T1 (de) | 2011-03-15 |
EP1801183B1 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
EP1801183A3 (en) | 2008-02-27 |
AU2006252151A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
US7576329B2 (en) | 2009-08-18 |
CA2571663C (en) | 2014-12-16 |
AU2006252151B2 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
DE602006020235D1 (de) | 2011-04-07 |
KR101348523B1 (ko) | 2014-01-06 |
RU2006145225A (ru) | 2008-06-27 |
CN101016454A (zh) | 2007-08-15 |
US20060237654A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
JP5197948B2 (ja) | 2013-05-15 |
CA2571663A1 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5197948B2 (ja) | シンチレータ組成物並びに関連プロセス及び製品 | |
JP5030376B2 (ja) | シンチレータ組成物、及び関連プロセス及び製造物品 | |
US7202477B2 (en) | Scintillator compositions of cerium halides, and related articles and processes | |
JP5802360B2 (ja) | ハロゲン化ランタニド系シンチレータ組成物並びに関連方法及び製品 | |
EP1628142B1 (en) | Scintillator compositions, related processes, and articles of manufacture | |
US20060226368A1 (en) | Scintillator compositions based on lanthanide halides and alkali metals, and related methods and articles | |
EP1865043A1 (en) | Scintillators for detecting radiation, and related methods and articles | |
US20070131874A1 (en) | Scintillator materials which are useful for detecting radiation, and related methods and articles | |
EP1930394A2 (en) | Scintillation compositions and method of manufacture thereof | |
US7605373B2 (en) | Scintillator compositions containing cerium and praseodymium activator ions, and related methods and articles of manufacture |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20091214 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20091214 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20091214 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20101213 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20120604 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20120612 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20120912 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20120918 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20121210 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20130108 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20130206 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20160215 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5197948 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |