JP2007130548A - Desalinating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a desalinating apparatus enabling secure desalination even under a high-temperature and a high-pressure conditions. <P>SOLUTION: The desalinating apparatus comprises: a closed-end metal-made pipe body 1 including an inlet water pipe 7 of raw water, an outlet water pipe 9 of the raw water and an electrode water pipe 10; a flange 2 blocking the opening of the pipe body 1 by filling with a liquid to form a closed space inside the pipe body 1; a hollow insulating material 4 placed so as to cover the inner peripheral face of the pipe body 1 in the closed space in the pipe body 1, including an inlet water hole 19 of the raw water, an outlet water hole 20 of the raw water and an electrode water hole 21, and forming a plurality of ditches 3 on the inner peripheral face at an optional interval; at least a pair of electrodes 5 including a cathode 5a and an anode 5b inserted into the ditches 3 of the insulating material 4; and a separator 6 facing the cathode 5a and the anode 5b inserted into the ditches 3 of the insulating material 4 between the cathode 5a and the anode 5b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a desalting apparatus for desalting raw water.

In general, in a conventional nuclear power plant, in order to operate the reactor with high reliability, impurities contained in the primary cooling water are removed and treated with high-purity water to ensure the soundness of the reactor internals. I try to keep sex.
For this reason, in the nuclear power plant, the condensate and feed water purifying actions are performed.
Conventionally, a desalinator has been used as means for purifying such condensate and feed water.

  In this desalination apparatus, positive and negative ion exchange membranes in which an ion exchange group is added to an organic material are placed in contact with the raw water, and positive or negative ions contained in the raw water are charged with ion exchange groups of the charged charge. A positive or negative ion is separated from the raw water while the raw water passes through the ion exchange membrane by applying an electric field in the polarity direction that allows the ion exchange membrane to pass through the raw water.

  As a result, the raw water becomes purified water from which ions have been removed, while the ions removed from the raw water move through the ion exchange membrane and are concentrated.

In order to increase the size of such a desalting apparatus, the area where the raw water and the positive and negative ion exchange membranes are in contact with each other is increased, or the unit composed of a pair of electrodes and an ion exchange membrane is minimized. Layering, increasing the voltage or current to be applied, increasing the contact between the raw water and the ion exchange membrane as a structure that makes the reaction system turbulent, moving ions between the ion exchange membranes through which the raw water passes It is possible to reduce the distance.
JP 2004-243178 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-87961 JP 2005-181190 A

Due to the above-mentioned improvement for the enlargement, the maximum contact area of raw water and ion exchange membrane of about 1 m ² , several hundreds of stacked units, current density of about 30 A / dm ² , mesh spacer or meandering An actual large-scale model desalination apparatus, such as a structure having a channel-like flow path and a distance between ion exchange membranes of about 0.2 mm at the minimum, is considered.

Such a desalinator is usually a type in which rectangular flat plates are laminated, and this is a reaction chamber that uses an insulating resin material that also serves as a packing with a hollow inside, and the hollow as a reaction surface. The reaction chamber frame has a groove that allows water to flow to the reaction surface between the ion exchange membrane through which the raw water circulates. Water is passed through the reaction chamber frame and the reaction chamber frame between the ion concentrating electrode and the ion exchange membrane.
An electric desalination apparatus is configured by stacking a plurality of units with this as a minimum unit and pressing the entire unit.

The problem here is that the maximum contact area between the raw water and the ion exchange membrane is about 1 m ² , and the other ancillary parts are about 1.5 m ^2. This is an inspection / replacement operation in which the ion exchange membranes are arranged at a distance of about 0.2 mm and stacked up to about several hundreds.

  For example, each of the smallest units of the desalination apparatus stacked in the order of several hundred pieces includes an anode, an anion concentration reaction chamber frame, an anion exchange membrane, a raw water reaction chamber frame, a cation exchange membrane, and a cation concentration reaction chamber. Although the arrangement is in the order of the frame and the cathode, if one unit is wrongly arranged, the efficiency of the entire apparatus is greatly reduced.

Alternatively, the entire unit constitutes one apparatus by a powerful compression press, but if several hundred units of about 1.5 m ² are stacked, it is natural that failure such as breakage and deformation may occur. Get higher.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a desalting apparatus that can reliably perform desalting even under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a desalination apparatus according to claim 1 includes a bottomed metal tube including an inlet water pipe, an outlet water pipe, and an electrode water pipe of raw water, and a liquid-tight opening of the pipe body. A flange that closes and forms a sealed space inside the tubular body, and is disposed so as to cover the inner peripheral surface of the tubular body in the sealed space of the tubular body; A hollow insulating material provided with electrode water holes and having a plurality of grooves formed at arbitrary intervals on the inner peripheral surface, and at least a pair of electrodes comprising a cathode and an anode embedded in the grooves of the insulating material; It is characterized by comprising a cathode and a separator opposed to the anode, which are embedded in a groove of an insulating material between the cathode and the anode.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a desalting apparatus that can reliably perform desalting treatment even under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
FIGS. 1 to 3 are views showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a minimum unit of a desalting apparatus, and FIG. 2 shows a tube body and a flange constituting the desalting apparatus. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of an insulator constituting the desalination apparatus.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the desalinating apparatus according to the present embodiment has a bottomed metal tube body 1 and an opening of the tube body 1 closed in a liquid-tight manner and sealed inside the tube body 1. A hollow insulating material 4 which is arranged so as to cover the flange 2 forming the space and the inner peripheral surface of the tube 1 and further has a plurality of grooves 3 formed at arbitrary intervals on the inner peripheral surface of itself. And a pair of electrodes 5 that are inserted in the groove 3 of the insulating material 4, and are disposed between the pair of electrodes 5 a and 5 b, and the groove 3 of the insulating material 4. And a separator 6 composed of two separators 6a and 6b disposed at positions facing the cathode 5a and the anode 5b.

In the groove 3 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the insulating material 4, the cathode 5a as one electrode, the separators 6a and 6b, and the anode 5b as the other electrode are filled and arranged in this order.
Here, the raw water inlet water pipe 7 and the electrode lead wire pipe 8a are formed at the bottom of the metal tube 1, while the raw water outlet water pipe 9, the electrode water outlet water pipe 10, and the electrode lead wire pipe 8b are formed on the flange 2. Is formed.

The raw water W flows into the pipe body 1 from the inlet water pipe 7, passes through the separators 6 a and 6 b to which an electric field is applied by the electrodes 5 a and 5 b, and then flows out from the outlet water pipe 9.
Between the separators 6a and 6b, positive and negative ions contained in the raw water move through the diaphragm in the direction of the electrode according to the polarity by application of an electric field by the electrode 5, and the outlet water pipe 9 is contained in the positive and negative electrode water. Spill from.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the metal pipe body 1 and the flange 2 are screwed into a screw hole 13 formed at the opening end of the pipe body 1 by passing a bolt 12 through a bolt hole 11 formed in the flange 2. It is concluded.

  The electrode lead wires 14a and 14b electrically connected to the electrodes 5a and 5b are inserted into the electrode lead wires 8a and 8b, the outer periphery of the electrode lead wires 14a and 14b is covered with an insulating material, and the ends are lead. It is fastened and fixed by nuts 16a and 16b with wire insulating packings 15a and 15b interposed.

  The insulating packings 15a and 15b are air-cooled in the electrode lead tubes 8a and 8b, but when the raw water is at a high temperature of 100 ° C. or higher, fluoride-based materials, silica-based materials, zirconia-based, and alumina-based inorganic materials can be applied. .

  A groove 17 for packing is formed on the outer edge of the flange 2, and the use of a packing 18 made of fluoride material or metal material seals the opening of the tube 1 in a watertight manner, but the raw water temperature is 230. In the case of a high temperature exceeding ℃, the fluoride material is not desirable from the viewpoint of the heat resistance temperature.

  The material of the tube 1 and the flange 2 is selected from metal materials such as stainless steel (SUS), Hastelloy, Inconel, and titanium according to the required specifications, and the inner surface is similar to the insulating material 4 in consideration of insulation. You may make it coat | cover with an insulating material.

As shown in FIG. 3, the insulating material 4 is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the tube body 1, divided into two or more along the axial direction of the tube body 1, and the electrode 5 and the separator 6 are placed in the groove 3. It is structured to be assembled after being inserted.
The width of the groove corresponds to the thickness of the electrode or separator.

  The insulating material 4 is also provided with a flow path of raw water W and electrode water, and the raw water W flowing from the inlet water pipe 7 of the tube body 1 is from a hole in a portion that is not a groove between the inlet water hole 19 of the insulating material 1 and the separator. It flows between the separators and flows out from the outlet water hole 20 at the position facing the inlet water hole 19 of the insulating material 1 through the outlet water pipe 9 of the flange 12.

  On the other hand, a part of the raw water W circulates as electrode water from the electrode water hole 21 in a portion that is not a groove between the electrode 5 and the separator, and flows out from the outlet pipe 10 of the electrode water of the flange 2. In FIG. 3, the hole 21 is shown only on the anode 5b side, but the anode 5a side is similarly configured to have a hole.

As the material of the insulating material 4, when the raw water W is 100 ° C. or higher, it is desirable to use an inorganic material such as a fluoride material, a silica-based material, or alumina alone or a metal material.
Further, when the raw water is 200 ° C. or higher, the fluoride material is significantly softened, and the silica-based material is higher than the heat resistant temperature. Therefore, an inorganic material such as alumina is suitable for practical use.

The electrode 5 needs to have a shape that matches the groove of the insulating material 4, but here it is plate-like, and electrode lead wires 14 a and 14 b are attached to the surface of the tube 1 or the flange 2, and the thickness is thinner. Is advantageous in terms of cost.
The material is generally a titanium base material coated with platinum or a platinum group element.

Similarly to the electrode, the separator 6 needs to have a shape that matches the groove 3 of the insulating material, and is in the form of a plate here.
A function necessary for the separator 6 is a diffusion suppressing effect, and a general filter can be used.

  Although the thickness of the separator 6 varies depending on the diffusion suppressing effect, it can be said that the separator 6 can basically be made thinner as the hole diameter is smaller. When the raw water W is 100 ° C. or higher, a material such as a fluoride material, an inorganic material such as alumina, a metal material such as titanium, or fibrous activated carbon can be applied. Further, when the raw water W is 200 ° C. or higher, the fluoride material is remarkably softened and becomes difficult to handle.

  According to such an electric desalination apparatus, it is possible to separate impurities having positive or negative charges from the raw water by an electric field even if the temperature of the raw water is compressed water of 100 ° C. or higher, and Maintenance work can be easily performed in a short time.

  Alternatively, depending on the application of the materials shown in the embodiment, the processing temperature and pressure range can be greatly expanded. For example, even high-temperature high-pressure water such as reactor water at a temperature of 285 ° C. and a pressure of 80 atm It is possible to perform desalting.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description of the second embodiment, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the one electrode 5a, from the groove formed on one end with respect to the plurality of grooves 3 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the insulating material 4, The separators 6a and 6b and the other electrode 5b are inserted in this order, and then the electrode 5b is used in common, and the next unit separators 6b and 6a are embedded and the other electrode 5a is embedded. The unit's electrode and separator are inserted.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  As described above, in the desalination apparatus according to the present embodiment, since a plurality of electrode and separator units are provided in the tube body 1 in multiple layers, a large amount of desalting treatment can be achieved by the number of multilayer units. In particular, it is possible to reduce the number of pipes or flanges that are expensive from the viewpoint of design strength under high temperature and high pressure.

  In the above description of the embodiment, the desalination apparatus installed in the power plant has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the power plant, and is implemented in the desalination apparatus of other general plants. To get.

The cross-sectional perspective view which shows the minimum unit of the desalination apparatus by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The disassembled perspective view which shows the pipe body and flange which comprise the desalination apparatus by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The disassembled perspective view of the insulator which comprises the desalination apparatus by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The cross-sectional perspective view which shows the minimum unit of the desalination apparatus by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The disassembled perspective view of the insulator which comprises the desalination apparatus by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tube, 2 ... Flange, 3 ... Groove, 4 ... Insulation material, 5 ... Electrode, 5a ... Cathode, 5b ... Anode, 6, 6a, 6b ... Separator, 7 ... Raw water inlet water pipe, 8a, 8b ... Electrode Lead wire tube, 9 ... Raw water outlet water tube, 10 ... Electrode water outlet water tube, 11 ... Bolt hole, 12 ... Bolt, 13 ... Screw hole, 14a, 14b ... Electrode lead wire, 15a, 15b ... Insulating packing, 16a , 16b ... nut, 17 ... packing groove, 18 ... packing, 19 ... inlet water hole, 20 ... outlet water hole, 21 ... electrode water hole.

Claims (8)

  A bottomed metal tube provided with an inlet water pipe, an outlet water pipe and an electrode water pipe for raw water, a flange for liquid-tightly closing the opening of the pipe body, and forming a sealed space inside the pipe body; In the sealed space of the tubular body, the tubular body is disposed so as to cover the inner peripheral surface of the tubular body, and is provided with an inlet water hole, an outlet water hole, and an electrode water hole of raw water, and a plurality of grooves at arbitrary intervals on the inner peripheral surface. Formed between the cathode and the anode, and at least a pair of electrodes composed of a cathode and an anode filled in the groove of the insulating material. A desalting apparatus comprising a cathode and a separator facing the anode.   The desalination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a material of the metal pipe body and the flange is at least one of stainless steel, hastelloy, and titanium.   The desalination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the metal pipe body and the flange are covered with at least one of a silica-based material, a fluoride-based material, and an inorganic material.   The desalinating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a material of the insulating material is at least one of a silica material, a fluoride material, and an inorganic material.   The desalinating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the insulating material is a metal material coated with at least one of a silica-based material, a fluoride-based material, and an inorganic material.   The desalinator according to claim 1, wherein the separator is an ion exchange membrane.   2. The desalinating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the separator is a porous material of a metal material or an inorganic material such as alumina or magnesia.   The desalination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the raw water is primary cooling water of a nuclear power plant.

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