JP2012121003A - Electrodialyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrodialyzer properly processing city water and well water.SOLUTION: The electrodialyzer has a center part 13 forming a processing space 12 so as to pass raw water through, a first electrolyte membrane 16 located in one face side of the processing space 12, a second electrolyte membrane 17 located in the other face of the processing space 12, a positive electrode plate 18 coming into face contact with the first electrolyte membrane 16 and located in the opposite side of the processing space 12, and a negative electrode plate 19 coming into face contact with the second electrolyte membrane 17 and located in the opposite side of the processing space 12, and is constituted such that electrodes of the positive electrode plate 18 or the negative electrode plate 19 are arranged in all of the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the second electrolyte membrane 17, anions are removed from the raw water in the processing space 12 via the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the positive electrode plate 18 and cations are removed from the raw water in the processing space 12 via the second electrolyte membrane and the negative electrode plate 19 by energizing the positive electrode plate 18 and the negative electrode plate 19.

Description

  The present invention relates to an electrodialyzer for treating raw water.

  At present, when softening tap water and well water, it is the mainstream to reduce hardness components such as Ca and Mg by using a water softener with ion exchange resin. Pretreatment for more advanced pure water treatment Is used a pure water producing device provided with a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane.

  In addition, it is considered to use an electrodialyzer when treating raw water having a high salt concentration, and a general electrodialyzer has an anode 2 and a cathode 3 arranged on both sides of an internal space 1 as shown in FIG. In the internal space 1, an anion exchange membrane 4 and a cation exchange membrane 5 are alternately arranged in order from the anode 2 side to the cathode 3 side with a constant interval. The internal space 1 is alternately divided into a desalting tank 6 and a concentrating tank 7 by an anion exchange membrane 4 and a cation exchange membrane 5, and an inflow line 8 through which raw water flows into the desalting tank 6. And a feed line 9 for delivering the treated raw water, and the concentration tank 7 is provided with a discharge line 10 for discharging concentrated cations or anions.

When processing the NaCl solution using such an electrodialyzer, the NaCl solution is introduced into the desalting tank 6 from the inflow line 8, energized to the anode 2 and the cathode 3, and passed through the cation exchange membrane 5. The Na ⁺ cations are removed and the Cl ⁻ anions are removed through the anion exchange membrane 4, and the processed water (demineralized liquid) is sent out from the delivery line 9. Further, in the concentration tank 7 adjacent to the desalting tank 6, the concentration of cations or anions is increased and discharged appropriately from the discharge line 10.

  In addition, as prior art document information relevant to such an electrodialyzer, the following patent document 1 etc. already exist, for example.

JP 2002-263654 A

  However, since a pure water production apparatus using a reverse osmosis membrane or the like is expensive, it has been difficult to introduce it into various devices such as a water heater or a humidifier that treats tap water. In addition, conventional electrodialyzers treat high salt concentrations such as salt water and seawater, and electrical conductivity decreases when the salt concentration is several hundred ppm or less, such as tap water or well water. Since the treatment efficiency is lowered, tap water and well water having high hardness cannot be softened. Furthermore, since the pure water producing apparatus and the electrodialyzer have complicated configurations, the manufacturing cost increases, and the entire apparatus is disassembled when the anion exchange membrane 4 or the cation exchange membrane 5 is exchanged at the time of repair. There is a problem that it is necessary and cannot be easily repaired.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above-mentioned situation, and it aims at providing the electrodialyzer which performs an electrical treatment appropriately about a tap water and well water.

The present invention provides a central portion that forms a treatment space so that raw water passes therethrough, a first electrolyte membrane that is located on one surface side of the treatment space, and a second electrolyte membrane that is located on the other surface side of the treatment space. An anode plate that is in surface contact with the first electrolyte membrane and located on the opposite side of the processing space; and a cathode plate that is in surface contact with the second electrolyte membrane and located on the opposite side of the processing space;
A configuration in which electrodes of an anode plate or a cathode plate are arranged on all of the first electrolyte membrane and the second electrolyte membrane,
The anode plate and the cathode plate are energized to remove anions from the raw water in the processing space through the first electrolyte membrane and the anode plate, and cations from the raw water in the processing space through the second electrolyte membrane and the cathode plate. The electrodialyzer is characterized in that it is configured to be removed.

Moreover, in the electrodialyzer of the present invention, a central portion that forms a treatment space so that raw water passes therethrough, a first electrolyte membrane that is located on one side of the treatment space, and a second surface side of the treatment space. A second electrolyte membrane, an anode plate in surface contact with the first electrolyte membrane and positioned on the opposite side of the processing space, and a cathode in surface contact with the second electrolyte membrane and positioned on the opposite side of the processing space The board is a single processing module,
A plurality of processing modules are combined in parallel so that the anode plate and the cathode plate are alternately positioned, and a concentrating space is formed between the two processing modules so that anions or cations flow from the processing modules on both sides. It is preferable to do.

  Furthermore, in the electrodialyzer according to the present invention, the first presser part located on one side of the central part, the second presser part located on the other side of the central part, the first electrolyte membrane and the anode plate It is preferable to include a first outer frame that is sandwiched between one pressing portion and a second outer frame that sandwiches the second electrolyte membrane and the cathode plate between the second pressing portion.

  Furthermore, in the electrodialyzer of the present invention, the first electrolyte membrane and the anode plate are fitted into the first peripheral frame for supporting the outer periphery of the first electrolyte membrane and the anode plate, the second electrolyte membrane and the cathode. It is preferable to include a second electrolyte membrane and a second peripheral frame that supports the outer periphery of the cathode plate by fitting the plate.

  According to the electrodialyzer of the present invention, the anode plate is brought into surface contact with the first electrolyte membrane and the cathode plate is brought into surface contact with the second electrolyte membrane, so that the energization resistance is reduced, and the first electrolyte membrane and Since the electrodes of the anode plate or cathode plate are arranged on all the second electrolyte membranes, the energization efficiency is increased, and thus the electrical treatment efficiency for the treatment space is raised, and the salt concentration is several hundred ppm or less like tap water or well water. Even if it is a case, electrical processing, such as softening, can be appropriately performed about tap water and well water. In addition, since the overall configuration can be simplified, the manufacturing cost can be reduced as compared with a pure water production device using a reverse osmosis membrane or the like, and the first electrolyte membrane or the second It is possible to obtain various excellent effects that the electrolyte membrane can be easily replaced and easily repaired.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows the example of an embodiment which implements this invention. It is an example of an embodiment which carries out the present invention, and is an exploded conceptual diagram showing the composition of one processing module. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the electrodialyzer of a prior art example.

  Hereinafter, an exemplary embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The electrodialyzer according to the embodiment constitutes and arranges a processing module 11, and one processing module 11 includes a frame-shaped central portion 13 that forms a processing space 12, and one central portion 13. The first presser part 14 located on the side, the second presser part 15 located on the other side of the central part 13, the first electrolyte membrane 16 disposed on the first presser part 14, and the second presser part 15 The second electrolyte membrane 17 disposed, the anode plate 18 in surface contact with the first electrolyte membrane 16 and located on the opposite side of the processing space 12, and the surface contact with the second electrolyte membrane 17 in the processing space 12. , A first peripheral frame 20 that supports the outer periphery of the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the anode plate 18, and a second that supports the outer periphery of the second electrolyte membrane 17 and the cathode plate 19. The peripheral frame 21, the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the anode plate 18 are pushed together with the first peripheral frame 20 from the outside. That the first outer frame 22, and a second outer frame 23 for pressing the second electrolyte membrane 17 and the cathode plate 19 from each outer second peripheral frame 21.

  The central part 13 has a predetermined thickness and forms a predetermined volume of processing space 12 inside, and an inflow line 24 through which raw water such as tap water or well water flows into one side (the upper side in FIG. 2) of the central part 13. Is disposed, and on the other side of the central portion 13 (the lower side in FIG. 2), a delivery line 25 that causes the treated water treated in the treatment space 12 to flow out is disposed. Here, the inflow line 24 and the delivery line 25 are not limited to the example of FIG. Moreover, it is preferable that the thickness of the center part 13 is thin so that the electricity supply efficiency of the process space 12 may be improved.

  The first presser portion 14 is fixed to one side of the central portion 13, and the first presser portion 14 having a predetermined size is provided at the central position of the first presser portion 14 so as to face the processing space 12 of the central portion 13. A circulation hole 26 is formed, and a first support portion 27 that supports the first electrolyte membrane 16 is formed. The second presser portion 15 is fixed to the other side surface of the central portion 13, and the second presser portion 15 has a predetermined size so that the second presser portion 15 faces the processing space 12 of the central portion 13. Two flow holes 28 are formed, and a second support portion 29 that supports the second electrolyte membrane 17 is formed. Here, the first flow hole 26 is not particularly limited in shape and configuration as long as it does not affect the operation of the first support portion 27. Similarly, the shape and configuration of the second flow hole 28 are not particularly limited as long as they do not affect the support action of the second support portion 29.

  The first electrolyte membrane 16 is formed in a sheet shape having a size slightly smaller than one side surface of the central portion 13 and the first pressing portion 14. Similarly, the second electrolyte membrane 17 is formed in a sheet shape that is slightly smaller than the other side surface of the central portion 13 and the second pressing portion 15. Here, the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the second electrolyte membrane 17 are not limited in material, thickness, and permeation hole as long as they can remove a desired cation or anion from raw water, and may have any configuration. .

  The anode plate 18 is formed to be approximately the same size as the first electrolyte membrane 16, overlaps with the entire first electrolyte membrane 16, and is in close contact (zero gap) with surface contact. Further, a predetermined hole 18a through which water can flow is formed on the surface of the anode plate 18, and a wiring 18b leading to a power source is provided at one end (the upper end in FIG. 2) of the anode plate 18. Here, the material of the anode plate 18 may be any material such as stainless steel as long as it has conductivity, but a material such as titanium platinum plating is preferable. The shape of the anode plate 18 may be any shape such as a punching metal or an expanded metal as long as it can pass water. Further, a carbon sputtering process may be performed between the anode plate 18 and the first electrolyte membrane 16.

  The cathode plate 19 is formed to be approximately the same size as the second electrolyte membrane 17, overlaps the entire second electrolyte membrane 17, and is in close contact (zero gap) with surface contact. Further, a predetermined hole 19a through which water can flow is formed on the surface of the cathode plate 19, and one end (upper end in FIG. 2) of the cathode plate 19 is provided with a wiring 19b leading to a power source. Here, the material of the cathode plate 19 may be any material such as stainless steel as long as it has conductivity, but a material such as titanium platinum plating is preferable. The shape of the cathode plate 19 may be any shape such as a punching metal or an expanded metal as long as it can pass water. Further, a carbon sputtering process may be performed between the cathode plate 19 and the second electrolyte film 17.

  The first peripheral frame 20 has substantially the same size as one side surface of the central portion 13 and the first pressing portion 14, and forms a space 30 into which the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the anode plate 18 can be fitted in the center of the inside. ing. Similarly to the first peripheral frame 20, the second peripheral frame 21 has substantially the same size as the other side surface of the central portion 13 and the second presser portion 15, and the second electrolyte membrane 17 and the cathode plate in the center of the inside. A space 31 into which 19 can be fitted is formed.

  The first outer frame 22 has substantially the same size as the first surrounding frame 20 and forms a circulation space 32 that is slightly smaller than the space 30 of the first surrounding frame 20. The first electrolyte membrane 16 and the anode plate 18 are sandwiched by the holding portion 14. The second outer frame 23 has substantially the same size as the second peripheral frame 21 and forms a circulation space 34 that is slightly smaller than the space 31 of the second peripheral frame 21. The second electrolyte membrane 17 and the anode plate 18 are sandwiched between the two pressing portions 15.

  Here, each member of the center part 13, the first presser part 14, the second presser part 15, the first peripheral frame 20, the second peripheral frame 21, the first outer frame 22, and the second outer frame 23 is made of acrylic or chloride. It is composed of a non-conductive member such as vinyl, and has bolt holes 13a, 14a, 15a, 20a, 21a, 22a, 23a on the outer periphery, and can be integrated by bolt fastening. Here, the interval between the anode plate 18 and the cathode plate 19 of the processing module 11 is preferably 1.3 mm or more and 6.3 mm or less, and the fastening means of each member is not limited to bolts, and the processing module 11 is Any other fastening means or configuration may be used as long as it facilitates disassembly and assembly.

  The processing module 11 constructed by assembling the central portion 13 and the like is detachably disposed in a module housing 36 such as a storage container or a storage frame as shown in FIG. 1, and the module housing 36 includes a plurality of processing modules. 11 (two in FIG. 1) are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and a gap on both sides of the processing module 11 is used as a concentrating space 37. In addition, the plurality of processing modules 11 includes the first outer frame 22 of one processing module 11 and the second outer frame 23 of another adjacent processing module 11 facing each other in the concentration space 37, and one processing The anode plates 18 of the modules 11 and the cathode plates 19 of other adjacent processing modules 11 are alternately positioned. Further, the concentration space 37 is provided with a discharge line 38 for discharging concentrated cations or anions. Here, the number of the processing modules 11 arranged in the module housing 36 is not particularly limited, and may be three or more or one processing module 11.

  The operation of the embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described below.

When raw water such as tap water or well water is treated, the raw water is introduced into the treatment space 12 from the inflow line 24, the anode plate 18 and the cathode plate 19 are energized, and treated by the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the anode plate 18. The anions of HCO ₃ ⁻ , Cl ⁻ and SO ₄ ²⁻ are moved from the space 12 to the concentration space 37, and Mg ²⁺ , Na ⁺ and Ca ^{2+ are} moved from the processing space 12 by the second electrolyte membrane 17 and the cathode plate 19. Are moved to the concentration space 37. Thereafter, the treated water of the soft water in the treatment space 12 from which the anions and cations are removed from the raw water has an electrical conductivity of 10 μS / cm or more and 20 μS / cm or less and is sent out from the delivery line 25. Further, the waste water in the concentration space 37 whose concentration is increased by the inflow of cations or / and anions is appropriately discharged from the discharge line 38.

  Here, the raw water is not limited to tap water or well water, and is not particularly limited as long as the salt concentration is 14 ppm or more and 600 ppm or less (electric conductivity is 20 μS / cm or more and 860 μS / cm or less). Moreover, when processing raw | natural water, it is preferable that the amount of electricity supply shall be 48V / 1A or less, and the flow rate to the process space 12 shall be 80 ml / min or more and 120 ml / min or less.

  In the following, raw water was treated using one of the treatment modules 11 and the effects were tested.

[Test 1]
Test 1 is conducted under test conditions in which the distance between the anode plate 18 and the cathode plate of the processing module 11 is 6.3 mm, tap water is used as raw water, the energization amount is 48 V, and the flow rate to the processing space 12 is 71.3 ml. / Min, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.

[Table 1]

  From this, the electrical conductivity of the treated water is 18 μS / cm, which is close to commercially available distilled water (1 to 10 μS / cm), the Ca ion concentration is 0.5 mg / min, and the electrical treatment such as softening of the raw water is performed. It has become clear that this is done properly.

  Thus, according to the embodiment, the anode plate 18 is brought into surface contact with the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the cathode plate 19 is brought into surface contact with the second electrolyte membrane 17, so that the conduction resistance is reduced. In addition, since the electrodes of the anode plate 18 or the cathode plate 19 are arranged on all of the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the second electrolyte membrane 17, the energization efficiency is increased, and thus the electrical processing efficiency for the processing space 12 is increased, and the water supply Even when the salt concentration is several hundred ppm or less like water and well water, electrical treatment such as softening can be appropriately performed on tap water and well water.

  In addition, since the overall configuration can be simplified, the manufacturing cost is reduced as compared with a pure water production device using a reverse osmosis membrane, etc., and thus it can be easily introduced into each device such as a water heater or a humidifier for treating tap water. be able to. Further, even when the electrodialyzer is repaired, the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the second electrolyte membrane 17 can be easily replaced and repaired easily.

  In the embodiment, the central portion 13 that forms the treatment space 12 so as to allow the raw water to pass through, the first electrolyte membrane 16 that is located on one surface side of the treatment space 12, and the other surface side of the treatment space 12. The second electrolyte membrane 17, the anode plate 18 in surface contact with the first electrolyte membrane 16 and located on the opposite side of the processing space 12, and the surface contact with the second electrolyte membrane 17 on the opposite side of the processing space 12 The cathode plate 19 positioned at the same position is used as a single processing module 11, and a plurality of processing modules 11 are combined in parallel so that the anode plates 18 and the cathode plates 19 are alternately positioned. Alternatively, if the concentrating space 37 is formed between the two processing modules 11 so that cations can flow in, the amount of raw water is increased by the plurality of processing spaces 12, and electrical processing such as softening is suitably performed. It can be. In addition, since a plurality of processing modules 11 are arranged in parallel so that cations and anions flow into the concentration space 37 from the processing modules 11 on both sides, the waste water in the concentration space 37 is neutral pH or It is possible to expect a suitable long-term operation by performing wastewater treatment within a predetermined pH range and suppressing the generation of scale from cations and the like. Furthermore, when repairing one processing module 11 in a configuration in which a plurality of processing modules 11 are arranged, the processing module 11 to be repaired can be easily replaced with a new processing module 11, so that it can be suitably repaired. it can.

  In the embodiment, the first presser part 14 located on one side of the central part 13, the second presser part 15 located on the other side of the central part 13, the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the anode plate 18 are connected to the first presser part 14. When the first outer frame 22 sandwiched between the one holding portion 14 and the second outer frame 23 sandwiching the second electrolyte membrane 17 and the cathode plate 19 between the second holding portion 15 are provided, the first electrolyte membrane 16 Since the surface contact with the anode plate 18 and the surface contact between the second electrolyte membrane 17 and the cathode plate 19 can be appropriately performed, the electrical processing efficiency for the processing space 12 is increased, and salt such as tap water or well water is increased. Even when the concentration is several hundred ppm or less, tap water and well water can be suitably subjected to electrical treatment such as water softening.

  In the embodiment, a first peripheral frame 20 that fits the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the anode plate 18 to support the outer periphery of the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the anode plate 18, the second electrolyte membrane 17, and the cathode. When the second electrolyte membrane 17 and the second peripheral frame 21 supporting the outer periphery of the cathode plate 19 are provided by fitting the plate 19, the first electrolyte membrane 16 and the anode plate 18 are appropriately connected by the first peripheral frame 20. The second electrolyte membrane 17 and the cathode plate 19 are appropriately held and brought into surface contact with each other by the second peripheral frame 21, so that the electrical processing efficiency for the treatment space 12 is increased, and tap water or Even when the salt concentration is several hundred ppm or less as in well water, electrical treatment such as softening can be suitably performed on tap water and well water.

  In addition, the electrodialyzer of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the surface contact between the first electrolyte membrane and the anode plate and the surface contact between the second electrolyte membrane and the cathode plate are not limited. If possible, the configuration of other members may be changed, and various changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Processing module 12 Processing space 13 Center part 14 1st press part 15 2nd press part 16 Electrolyte film 17 Electrolyte film 18 Anode plate 19 Cathode plate 20 1st surrounding frame 21 2nd surrounding frame 22 1st outer frame 23 2nd outside Frame 37 Space for concentration

Claims (4)

A central portion that forms a treatment space so as to allow the raw water to pass through; a first electrolyte membrane that is located on one surface side of the treatment space; a second electrolyte membrane that is located on the other surface side of the treatment space; An anode plate that is in surface contact with one electrolyte membrane and located on the opposite side of the processing space; and a cathode plate that is in surface contact with the second electrolyte membrane and located on the opposite side of the processing space;
A configuration in which electrodes of an anode plate or a cathode plate are arranged on all of the first electrolyte membrane and the second electrolyte membrane,
The anode plate and the cathode plate are energized to remove anions from the raw water in the processing space through the first electrolyte membrane and the anode plate, and cations from the raw water in the processing space through the second electrolyte membrane and the cathode plate. An electrodialyzer characterized by being configured to be removed. A central portion that forms a treatment space so as to allow the raw water to pass through; a first electrolyte membrane that is located on one surface side of the treatment space; a second electrolyte membrane that is located on the other surface side of the treatment space; A processing module comprising an anode plate in surface contact with one electrolyte membrane and positioned on the opposite side of the processing space, and a cathode plate in surface contact with the second electrolyte membrane and positioned on the opposite side of the processing space. age,
A plurality of processing modules are combined in parallel so that the anode plate and the cathode plate are alternately positioned, and a concentrating space is formed between the two processing modules so that anions or cations flow from the processing modules on both sides. The electrodialyzer according to claim 1.   A first presser part positioned on one side of the central part, a second presser part positioned on the other side of the central part, and a first outer part sandwiching the first electrolyte membrane and the anode plate with the first presser part. The electrodialyzer according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a frame, and a second outer frame that sandwiches the second electrolyte membrane and the cathode plate with the second pressing portion.   A first peripheral frame that fits the first electrolyte membrane and the anode plate to support the outer periphery of the first electrolyte membrane and the anode plate; and a second electrolyte membrane that fits the second electrolyte membrane and the cathode plate. The electrodialyzer according to claim 1, further comprising a second peripheral frame that supports the outer periphery of the cathode plate.

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