JP2007093207A - Heat pump hot-water supply unit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an instantaneous water heater type compact heat pump hot-water supply unit of a saved space, having a sufficient hot-water supply capacity even when restraining a level of a heat pump cycle, and having a wide flow rate range capable of supplying a high flow rate of hot water even when a capacity of a tank is reduced. <P>SOLUTION: In this heat pump hot-water supply unit, city water is introduced directly into a water flow passage 33 of a hot-water supply heat exchanger 34 for exchanging heat between the second heat radiation part 26 and the water flow passage 33 to be heated instantaneously, and hot water from the water flow passage 33 and hot water in the tank 21 stored preliminarily are delivered respectively from the first hot-water supply pipe 43 and the second hot-water supply pipe 53, so as to be used in combination by addition. The hot-water supply heat exchanger 34 of large capacity is not required, the tank capacity is reduced, the wide flow rate range is allowed in coping therewith, and the saved space is attained, by controlling at least one out of a hot-water delivery temperature and a hot-water delivery flow rate from the first hot-water supply pipe 43 or the second hot-water supply pipe 53. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump water heater.

  Conventionally, as this type of heat pump hot water supply apparatus, for example, a water supply pipe and a hot water supply circuit are connected to a radiator in a heat pump cycle, and tap water from the water supply pipe is heated by the radiator and discharged to the hot water supply terminal as it is. Some have a hot water heater configuration that instantaneously boils water and controls the tapping temperature by changing the rotation speed of the compressor (see Patent Document 1).

FIG. 7 shows a conventional heat pump water heater described in the above-mentioned document. In FIG. 7, a refrigerant circulation circuit 7 in which a compressor 2, a hot water supply heat exchanger 3 as a radiator, a decompression means 4, and a heat absorber 5 are connected in a refrigerant flow path 1 configured in a closed circuit, and a hot water supply heat exchanger. A water flow path 9 in the hot water supply heat exchanger 3 that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flow path 3, a water supply pipe 11 that supplies tap water to the water flow path 9, and a hot water supply terminal such as the water flow path 9 and a shower or a faucet 12 is provided with a hot water supply circuit 13 for connecting the electric power supply 12, a temperature sensor 14 provided in the hot water supply circuit 13 for detecting the hot water supply temperature, and an inverter 15 for controlling the rotational speed of the compressor 2. The output frequency of the inverter 15 is converted according to the difference from the set temperature. That is, in the conventional hot water supply apparatus, the control is performed such that the rotation speed of the compressor 2 is increased when the hot water supply temperature is lower than the set temperature, and the rotation speed is decreased when the hot water supply temperature is high.
JP-A-2-223767

  Generally, the hot water supply load during hot water supply is not constant. In particular, since the flow rate is varied by the user depending on the purpose of hot water supply, the hot water supply load changes greatly. For example, in the case of hot water supply for home use, a large flow rate of 10 to 20 L / min is used when supplying hot water to a shower or bath, but 3 to 5 L / min for washing dishes in the kitchen or hot water supply to the wash surface. Small flow rate. Also, the hot water supply load varies greatly depending on the seasonal change in the temperature of the water supply.

  However, in the conventional configuration, when the amount of hot water supply is controlled only by changing the rotational speed of a single compressor for a single hot water supply heat exchanger or heat sink, first, a large flow rate such as a shower is used. In order to cope with the hot water supply load, a large compressor needs a large hot water supply heat exchanger and heat sink, and in such a large apparatus, the rise of temperature and pressure is slowed and installation space is increased. In a device having a large hot water supply heat exchanger or heat sink, the hot water supply load varies greatly depending on changes in flow rate or water temperature, so there is a limit when trying to reduce the capacity for a small hot water supply load. The inconvenience that it becomes difficult to cope with arises. For example, it cannot cover a wide range of hot water supply capabilities, such as the simultaneous use of showers and hot water baths in the winter, to a small capacity such as dishwashing in the summer, etc., the shower temperature falls, hot water comes out by dishwashing, etc. There was a possibility of inconvenience. Furthermore, if the capacity of the hot water supply heat exchanger is increased so that a large amount of heat can be exchanged, the flow path length of the water flow path becomes longer or the cross-sectional area of the flow path becomes smaller in order to secure a heat transfer area. The channel resistance increased, making it difficult to distribute a large flow of water.

As described above, in the conventional heat pump hot water supply apparatus, hot water is instantaneously heated with a hot water supply heat exchanger to supply hot water regardless of the size of the hot water supply load. The problem is that a very large device is required. In addition, the size of the device is increased in order to cope with a large hot water supply load, and there is a limit to the capacity change range only by changing the rotation speed of the compressor with a large device, and it is difficult to cope with a wide range of hot water supply loads. At the same time, there is a problem that it becomes difficult to cope with a large flow rate.

  On the other hand, a type in which hot water is boiled in a hot water storage tank using midnight power, such as a midnight heat storage type electric water heater, has been known. However, since this type of heat pump hot-water supply apparatus boils hot water just enough to cover the hot water supply load for one day at night, it requires a large heat storage size such that the capacity of the hot water storage tank exceeds 300L to 400L. Such a large-capacity tank cannot be stored in, for example, a pipe shaft of a housing complex, so that a large space is required for installation, and there is a problem that installation is very poor.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and to provide a heat pump hot water supply apparatus that has a wide capacity range and does not require an increase in the size of a hot water storage tank.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a heat pump water heater of the present invention includes a refrigerant circulation circuit that includes a radiator and a heat absorber and forms a heat pump cycle, and a water flow path that performs heat exchange with the radiator. A hot water supply heat exchanger, a first water supply pipe for supplying tap water to the water flow path, a first water supply pipe for connecting hot water heated in the water flow path to the hot water supply terminal, and hot water A tank for storage, a circulation path for connecting the tank and the water flow path, heating the water in the tank through the water flow path and returning it to the tank, and connecting the hot water in the tank to the hot water supply terminal A second hot water supply pipe, a first mixing means for connecting the first hot water supply pipe and the second hot water supply pipe, a third hot water supply pipe for discharging hot water from the first mixing means, and supplying tap water to the hot water supply terminal Connect the mixed water pipe, the third hot water supply pipe and the mixed water pipe It is obtained by a second mixing means.

  As a result, the hot water stored in the tank is drained and added separately from heating the tap water with the hot water heat exchanger, so even if the heating amount in the hot water heat exchanger is insufficient, the shortage relative to the amount of hot water used It is not necessary to greatly increase the heating capacity in the hot water supply heat exchanger. Also, even if the hot water supply heat exchanger is increased in capacity to some extent and the flow resistance increases, the hot water in the tank is discharged in parallel from the second hot water supply pipe so that a large flow of hot water can be supplied. This can be achieved by simultaneous hot water and space saving.

  Even if the size of the heat pump cycle is reduced, it has sufficient hot water supply capacity, durability and reliability are improved, and a large flow rate range that can heat a large flow rate with a hot water supply heat exchanger even if the capacity of the tank is reduced, small size, small size A heat pump hot water supply apparatus having an installation area can be provided.

  A heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a refrigerant circulation circuit that includes a radiator and a heat absorber and forms a heat pump cycle, a hot water supply heat exchanger that includes a water flow path that exchanges heat with the radiator, and the water flow A first water supply pipe for supplying tap water to the passage; a first hot water supply pipe for connecting hot water heated in the water flow path to the hot water supply terminal; a tank for storing hot water; the tank; A circulation path for connecting the water flow path to heat the water in the tank in the water flow path and returning it to the tank; a second hot water supply pipe connected to pass hot water in the tank to a hot water supply terminal; 1st mixing means which connects 1 hot-water supply pipe and the 2nd hot-water supply pipe, 3rd hot-water supply pipe discharged from the 1st mixing means, mixed water pipe which supplies tap water to the hot-water supply terminal, and 3rd hot-water supply Provided with a second mixing means for connecting the pipe and the mixed water pipe A.

According to this invention, with respect to the hot water supply flow rate required by the user, the tap water is heated by the hot water supply heat exchanger to supply hot water from the first hot water supply pipe, and the heat pump heat source alone heats the required flow rate of tap water. Even if the amount of heating is insufficient, the hot water stored in the tank is drained from the second hot water supply pipe and added together, so that the shortage can be compensated and the hot water supply heat exchanger does not significantly increase the heating capacity. May be. On the other hand, if the capacity of the hot water supply heat exchanger is increased to some extent in order to reduce the capacity of the tank, the length of the water flow path becomes longer, and when the flow resistance is large and a large flow rate of hot water is required, the first hot water supply pipe Although it will not be possible to obtain a hot water flow with sufficient flow rate, the hot water in the tank will be discharged simultaneously in parallel from the second hot water supply pipe, so it will be possible to supply a large flow of hot water, respond to large loads and flow rates, and reduce the size of the heat pump heat source and tank. Can be achieved by simultaneous hot water. In addition, since hot water is not stored in the tank at night and discharged only from the second hot water supply pipe, there is no need for a large tank that can cover all of the daily hot water supply, and both the heat pump heat source and the tank can be downsized. Space can be saved.

  The heat pump hot-water supply apparatus according to the second aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in particular, the refrigerant circulation circuit in the first invention is a supercritical refrigerant circulation circuit in which the pressure of the refrigerant becomes equal to or higher than the critical pressure, The flowing water in the water flow path is heated.

  According to the present invention, since the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path of the radiator is pressurized to a critical pressure or higher by the compressor, it is condensed even if the temperature is lowered due to heat deprived by the flowing water in the water flow path of the radiator. There is nothing to do. Therefore, it becomes easy to form a temperature difference between the refrigerant and water throughout the radiator, so that hot water can be obtained and the heat exchange efficiency can be increased.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the conventional example and each example, parts having the same configuration and the same operation are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

Example 1
FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 21 is a tank, 22 is a refrigerant circulation circuit serving as a heat pump heat source, and the refrigerant circulation circuit 22 is composed of a compressor 23, a first radiator 24, a first decompression means 25, and a second radiator 26 by refrigerant piping. The second decompression means 27 and the heat absorber 28 are connected to an annular closed circuit. The refrigerant circulation circuit 22 uses, for example, carbon dioxide (CO2) as a refrigerant, and uses a supercritical heat pump cycle in which the refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side is equal to or higher than the critical pressure of the refrigerant. The compressor 23 is driven by a built-in electric motor (not shown), and compresses and sucks the sucked refrigerant to a pressure exceeding the critical pressure.

  Also, the heat exchange between the bath heat exchanger 31 including the first refrigerant flow path 29 of the first radiator 24 and the bath water flow path 30 that performs heat exchange, and the second refrigerant flow path 32 of the second radiator 26 are performed. The hot water supply heat exchanger 34 comprised with the water flow path 33 which performs is provided. A first water supply pipe 35 is connected to the inlet side of the water flow path 33 to directly supply tap water and supply tap water. Tap water is supplied in the forward direction of a check valve 36 which is a check means provided in the middle. The water flows through the first water supply pipe 35 to the water flow path 33. The outlet of the water channel 33 branches into a water channel outlet tube A37 and a water channel outlet tube B38, and the water channel outlet tube A37 supplies hot water discharged from a hot water supply terminal 42 such as a bath faucet 39, a shower 40, a kitchen faucet 41, and the like. Connected to the first hot water supply pipe 43. The water passage outlet pipe B38 has a hot water storage opening / closing valve 44 that is an opening / closing means in the middle, and is connected to a nozzle 46 that is a diffusion means provided in the water discharge portion 45 in the substantially upper interior of the tank 21. It acts as a hot water storage pipe that stores hot water.

From the upstream of the check valve 36 of the first water supply pipe 35, a second water supply pipe 48 having a water supply opening / closing valve 47 that is open when not energized is branched and connected to supply tap water to the bottom of the tank 21. Has been. The downstream side of the water supply opening / closing valve 47 of the second water supply pipe 48 and the first water supply pipe 35 are connected by a circulation pump 49 as water circulation means, and the circulation pump 49 is arranged in parallel with the check valve 36. . The vicinity of the tip of the second water supply pipe 48 that slightly protrudes from the bottom of the tank 21 becomes the water absorption section 50, and the second water supply pipe 48, the circulation pump 49, the first water supply pipe 35, and the water flow path 33 are sequentially formed from the water absorption section 50. Then, a hot water storage heating circulation path 51 is formed which passes through the hot water storage opening / closing valve 44 of the water flow path outlet pipe B38 and reaches the nozzle 46 provided in the water discharge section 45.

  On the other hand, a baffle plate 52, which is an upward flow blocking means, is provided slightly above the tip of the second water supply pipe 48 inside the tank 21, and hot water stored in the tank 21 is discharged. A second hot water supply pipe 53 is connected to the hot water supply terminal 42.

  54 is a bathtub, the inlet side of the bath water flow path 30 of the bath heat exchanger 31 and this bathtub 54 are connected by a bath return pipe 56 having a bath pump 55 that is a bath circulation means, and the outlet of the bath water flow path 30 The bath circulation path 58 is formed by connecting the side and the bathtub 54 with a bath outlet pipe 57. Here, a direct current motor is used for the bath pump 55. In addition, the first hot water supply pipe 43 and the second hot water supply pipe 53 are merged in the first mixing means 59 and flow to the third hot water supply pipe 60. Further, the mixed water pipe 61 and the third hot water supply pipe 60 for mixing tap water are the first. The two mixing means 62 are combined to flow to the fourth hot water supply pipe 63 to which the hot water supply terminal 42 is connected, and an operation of supplying hot water called “hot water” or “hot water” to the bathtub 54 is performed. A bath pouring path 64 for performing is connected between the fourth hot water supply pipe 63 and the bath circulation path 58, and the bath pouring path 64 has a variable flow rate for adjusting the amount of hot water supplied. A pouring valve 65 serving as a means is provided.

  The tank 21 is covered with a heat insulating material (not shown), and its size is assumed to be the maximum load that is the maximum amount of hot water used by the user, and the maximum heating capacity in the hot water heat exchanger 34 is The amount of hot water stored in the tank 21 is used in combination, and the amount of hot water stored is sufficient to supply hot water corresponding to the maximum load.

  In the refrigerant circulation circuit 22, a hot water supply valve 66 that connects the outlets of the two parallel compressors 23 and the inlet of the second radiator 26 and a defrost valve 67 that connects the outlet of the compressor 23 and the inlet of the heat absorber 28 are provided. It is provided and functions to regulate the flow to each bypass path.

  Reference numeral 71 denotes control means configured using a microcomputer (not shown) having a CPU, a memory, an input / output interface, and the like. The control means 71 includes heating for controlling the heating amount of the hot water supply heat exchanger 34. Control means 72 is provided. A water supply temperature sensor 73 is provided on the most upstream side of the first water supply pipe 35, an inlet temperature sensor 74 for detecting the temperature of the water supply to the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 is provided on the inlet side of the water flow path 33, and an outlet temperature is provided on the outlet side. A sensor 75 is provided. The fourth hot water supply pipe 63 downstream of the second mixing means 62 is provided with a hot water supply temperature sensor 76 for detecting the hot water supply temperature to the hot water supply terminal 42. The fourth hot water supply pipe 63 is also provided with a flow rate sensor 77 that can detect the hot water supply flow rate to the hot water supply terminal 42. The wall surface of the tank 21 is provided with a hot water storage temperature sensor 78 which is a temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the hot water in the tank 21 at the top, and three thermistors which are temperature detection means are further connected to the remaining hot water. The first sensor 79, the remaining hot water second sensor 80, and the remaining hot water third sensor 81 are arranged at predetermined intervals from the upper part to the lower part in the drawing to detect the hot water temperature at each position.

  The bath return pipe 56 is provided with a bath temperature sensor 82 for measuring the hot water temperature of the bath 54, a water level sensor 83 for detecting the water level of the bath 54, and a bath flow rate sensor 84 that can detect the flow caused by the operation of the bath pump 55. The bath outlet pipe 57 near the outlet of the bath water flow path 30 is provided with a bath outlet temperature sensor 85. Reference numeral 86 denotes an air temperature sensor that detects the air temperature provided in the vicinity of the heat absorber 28, and 87 denotes a shell temperature sensor that detects the shell temperature of the compressor 23.

The detection signals from thermistors 73 to 76 and 78 to 82, 85 to 87, which are the respective temperature sensors, and 77, 83, and 84, which are other sensors, are configured to be input to the control means 71, respectively. The control means 71 has a function of selecting an appropriate hot water supply operation control from changes in each detection signal input within a predetermined time and issuing an operation command. For example, the heating control means 72 in the control means 71 controls the amount of heat in the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 by changing the rotation speed of the compressor 23 which is the operating condition of the heat pump cycle according to the detection value of the temperature sensor 86. To do. The heating amount in the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 can be varied in proportion to the rotational speed of the compressor 23 if the air temperature is determined. Therefore, the heating control means 72 stores in advance the relationship between the heating amount of the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 for each temperature and the rotation speed of the compressor 23, and sets and controls the rotation speed according to the air temperature to control the hot water supply heat exchanger 34. The amount of heating can be controlled.

  Reference numeral 88 denotes temperature setting means that is electrically connected to the control means 71 and sets a target temperature for hot water supply, and the user arbitrarily sets the temperature. The hot water filling setting means 89 is also electrically connected to the control means 71 and provided for the user to start and set the operation of automatically filling the bathtub 54 with hot water.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration layout diagram of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the heat absorber 28 is formed in a shape called a fin tube heat exchanger having a structure in which fins are provided in a tube through which carbon dioxide refrigerant flows, and acts as an evaporator on the heat pump cycle. Heat is absorbed and absorbed. The heat absorber 28 is formed so that the width dimension is shortened by bending the width direction into a substantially U shape, and the height is set lower than the height from the bottom of the tank 21 to the top. . The air blower including the fan 91 and the heat absorber 28 constitute one upper unit 92, and other elements constituting the heat pump cycle such as the compressor 23 and the radiators 24 and 26, the tank 21, and the water A lower unit 93 is constituted by a water flow element that is a flowing part, and the upper unit 92 is stacked on the lower unit 93. The main water flow elements of the lower unit 93 include the tank 21, the bath heat exchanger 31, the hot water supply heat exchanger 34, the circulation pump 49, the bath pump 55, and the like. In addition, a compressor base 95 for fixing the two compressors 23 is arranged one stage above. Further, the control board 96 in which the control means 71 is accommodated is disposed above the compressor base 95.

  The bath water flow path 30 of the bath heat exchanger 31 and the water flow path 33 of the hot water supply heat exchanger 34, the respective inlets 97 are arranged downward, and the outlets 98 are arranged upward, so that the flowing water flows from the bottom to the top. In addition, the refrigerant flow path is configured to flow from top to bottom facing this. That is, the refrigerant flow direction of the first radiator 24 and the flow direction of the bath water flow path 30, and the refrigerant flow direction of the second heat radiator 26 and the flow direction of the water flow path 33 are respectively opposed to each other. Heat exchange between the refrigerant and water is possible and the heat transfer between each flow path is facilitated. With this configuration, heat transfer between the respective refrigerant flow paths and water flow paths is made uniform, and heat exchange efficiency is improved. In addition, hot water can be discharged.

  The operation and action of the above configuration will be described. In the heat pump water heater of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the operation operation is at least 5 such as “hot water supply operation”, “hot water operation”, “bath reheating operation”, “hot water storage operation”, and “defrost operation”. There are two operation modes.

  First, “hot water supply operation” in which a user uses hot water discharged from a hot water supply terminal such as a faucet will be described. In a state where hot water is stored in the tank 21 shown in FIG. 1, the water supply opening / closing valve 47 is opened, and the hot water storage opening / closing valve 44 and the pouring valve 65 are closed, the user sets the hot water supply temperature to 42 ° C. with the temperature setting means 88. When the hot water supply terminal 42 such as the kitchen faucet 41 is opened, tap water starts to flow from the first water supply pipe 35 due to the water pressure, and the water in the fourth hot water supply pipe 63 is also pushed by the water pressure. A stream of water exits from. This is detected by the flow sensor 77 and a signal is sent to the control means 71, and the hot water supply operation for opening the hot water supply valve 66 and operating the two compressors 23 is started by the control means 71.

At this time, when the refrigerant circulation circuit 22 is in a cold state, it takes time for the pressure and temperature of the entire cycle to reach a steady state even when the compressor 23 is operated, and the heat capacity of the compressor 23 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 is long. For this reason, water close to the water supply temperature comes out from the water flow path 33 due to insufficient heating for a while. For this reason, when the control means 71 determines that the hot water supply is nearly used because the temperature setting means 88 is set by the user, the compressor 23 is operated intermittently, or the electric motor in the compressor 23 rotates. It is also possible to wait for a warm-up operation by passing a minute current to such an extent as not to occur.

  If the refrigerant circulation circuit 22 is still cold, the control means 71 makes a determination based on the signals from the outlet temperature sensor 75 and the shell temperature sensor 87 at the outlet of the water flow path 33 and sets the first hot water supply pipe as the initial state of the first mixing means 59. 43 and the 2nd hot-water supply pipe | tube 53 are set to the position which mixes the flow volume which flows through the same quantity, for example. Here, assuming that the water supply temperature is 5 ° C. and the hot water storage temperature is 80 ° C., and the outlet temperature from the water flow path 33 is still 5 ° C., the temperature at the hot water supply temperature sensor 76 is approximately (80 ° C. + 5 ° C.) / 2 = 42.5. The tapping temperature is ℃.

  In the control means 71 during hot water supply, the heating control means 72 controls the rotational speed of the compressor 23 based on the deviation between the hot water temperature output from the outlet temperature sensor 75 and the temperature setting means 88 and the target temperature. . The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 23 and flowing into the second radiator 26 heats the water flowing through the water flow path 33. The heated water is discharged from the hot water supply terminal 42 through the first hot water supply pipe 43. On the other hand, the refrigerant cooled by the second radiator 26 is decompressed by the second decompression means 27 and flows into the heat absorber 28, where it absorbs natural energy such as atmospheric heat and solar heat to evaporate and is converted into the compressor 23. Return. After a while from the start of operation, the temperature of the refrigerant system also rises sufficiently, the outlet temperature of the water flow path 33 rises, and when the outlet temperature reaches the target temperature, the control means 71 increases the amount of hot water discharged from the first hot water supply pipe 43. Then, the opening degree of the first mixing means 59 is adjusted, and the first hot water supply pipe 43 and the second hot water supply pipe 53 are respectively adjusted to the target temperature set by the temperature setting means 88 based on the temperature detected by the hot water supply temperature sensor 76. Mix by changing the flow rate. The hot water heated in the water flow path 33 is supplied from the first hot water supply pipe 43 through the third hot water supply pipe 60 and the fourth hot water supply pipe 63 to the hot water supply terminal 42. At this time, each element of the refrigerant circulation circuit 22 may be further controlled to change the temperature of the hot water flowing through the first hot water supply pipe 43 based on the outlet temperature sensor 75.

  When the hot water is mainly a small flow rate such as the kitchen faucet 37, the control unit 71 recognizes the flow rate detected by the flow rate sensor 77 and controls the first mixing unit 59 to give priority to water flow from the first hot water supply pipe 43. The water flow from the second hot water supply pipe 53 is closed as much as possible, and the heating control means 72 controls the rotation speed of the compressor 23 so that the hot water temperature output from the outlet temperature sensor 75 becomes the target temperature. . When the hot water supply load exceeds the maximum heating capacity of the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 and the target temperature is not reached even if the compressor 23 is controlled, the second hot water supply pipe 53 side of the first mixing means 59 is set to a predetermined ratio. The amount of hot water stored in the tank 21 is increased so that the detected temperature output from the hot water supply temperature sensor 76 becomes the target temperature.

  In addition, when there is a small flow rate of hot water, there is a method in which the hot water is discharged only from the tank 21. Further, in order to speed up the start-up at the time of start-up, the compressor 23 is turned to the full power at the maximum rotation speed from the start-up. This method is also possible.

On the other hand, when one of the bath faucets 35 or the like is opened and a large amount of hot water is discharged, or when hot water is discharged simultaneously from two or more hot water supply terminals 42, the control means 71 recognizes that the flow rate sensor 77 has a large flow rate, The required heating amount controlled by the heating control means 72 is set to the maximum heating capacity in the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 to control the number of revolutions of the compressor 23, and the temperature detected by the hot water supply temperature sensor 76 becomes the target temperature. Then, the opening degree of the first mixing means 59 is adjusted and operated using feedback control from the deviation between the hot water supply temperature and the target temperature. By adjusting the opening degree of the first mixing means 59, the hot water passing through the first water supply pipe 35 from the water supply and passing through the water flow path 33 and the first water supply pipe 35 are branched from the water supply and introduced into the tank 21 from the second water supply pipe 48. The mixing ratio of the hot water pushed out from the tank 21 by the water that has passed through the third hot water supply pipe 60 of each is determined, and the first mixing means 59 is controlled to obtain the target hot water temperature.

  The temperature control will be specifically explained. When the water supply temperature is 5 ° C., the hot water storage temperature is 85 ° C., and the temperature setting means 88 requires 45 ° C. hot water supply at the flow rate of 15 L / min by opening the bath faucet 35. For example, assuming that the maximum heating capacity in the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 is 14 kW, the control means 71 controls the compressor 23 to perform the heating operation at 14 kW. And if the opening degree of the 1st mixing means 59 is adjusted, the flow volume of the 2nd hot water supply pipe 53 is adjusted, and the amount of hot water discharged from a tank will be 5 L / min, the detection temperature of the hot water supply temperature sensor 76 will be target temperature. Hot water can be supplied at 45 ° C. At this time, since the remaining 10 L / min flows to the heat pump heat source, the tap water supplied to the first water supply pipe 35 and the water flow path 33 is heated to about 25 ° C. at 75 parts of the outlet temperature sensor. It has become.

  In this way, for the hot water flow rate required by the user, the hot water stored in the tank 21 is stored in the tank 21 separately from the instantaneous heating of the tap water by the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 and the hot water supply from the first hot water supply pipe 43. Since the hot water is discharged from the hot water supply pipe 53 and added, even if the instantaneous heating amount in the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 due to the heat pump cycle is insufficient, the amount of hot water can be added from the tank 21 to compensate for the shortage, and the hot water supply heat exchanger The heating capacity at 34 need not be greatly increased.

  On the other hand, in a configuration that does not have a tank, the capacity of the hot water supply heat exchanger is increased so that hot water can be supplied only by instantaneous heating so that a large amount of heat can be exchanged. The length becomes longer and the flow resistance increases, making it difficult to distribute a large flow of water. Even in the configuration of the present invention having the tank 21, if the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 is increased to some extent in order to reduce the capacity of the tank 21, the flow path resistance is likely to increase similarly. Since the tank 21 and the water flow path 33 are connected by the circulation path 51, the water pressure applied to the tank 21 and the water flow path 33 during the hot water supply operation is substantially equal, and the water flow path is in view of the water pressure resistance of the tank 21. It is necessary to keep the feed water pressure to 33 low, and at a low feed water pressure, a more sufficient flow rate cannot be obtained due to the channel resistance. However, when a large flow rate of hot water supply is required, hot water from each of the first hot water supply pipe 43 connected to the water flow path 33 and the second hot water supply pipe 53 connected to the tank 21 is simultaneously discharged in parallel. Therefore, it is possible to realize both compatibility with a large load and a large flow rate and a reduction in the size of the heat pump heat source and tank by simultaneous hot water. Further, since the hot water is not stored in the tank 21 at night and discharged only from the second hot water supply pipe 53, there is no need for a large tank that can cover all of the hot water supply amount of the day, and both the heat pump heat source and the tank can be downsized. This can save space.

Next, a “hot water operation” in which hot water is automatically added to the bathtub or a small amount of hot water is poured by setting by the user will be described. When the user operates the hot water filling setting means 89 to permit the start of the hot water filling operation, the control means 71 opens the hot water supply valve 66 and operates the two compressors 23 with the defrost valve 67 closed. Then, with the water supply opening / closing valve 47 opened and the hot water storage opening / closing valve 44 closed, the pouring valve 65 is opened and the hot water filling operation is started. Then, the hot hot water stored in the tank 21 is pushed up by the supply pressure of the water flowing through the second water supply pipe 48 branched from the first water supply pipe 35, and passes through the second hot water supply pipe 53 to form the first mixing means 59. To reach. At the same time, the hot water flowing from the first water supply pipe 35 to the first hot water supply pipe 43 through the water flow path 33 also flows into the first mixing means 59, where the hot water from the two directions is mixed at a constant rate. Then, the mixed hot water flows into the second mixing means 62 through the third hot water supply pipe 60, and flows into the second mixing means 62 from the mixed water pipe 61, where water and hot water are mixed at a constant rate, From the outflow side of the second mixing means 62, it passes through the fourth hot water supply pipe 63, flows through the bath return pipe 56 and the bath outlet pipe 57 through the hot water supply valve 65 of the bath hot water supply path 64, and is supplied to the bathtub 54. When it is detected by the signals of the bath temperature sensor 82 and the water level sensor 83 that a predetermined amount of hot water is supplied into the bathtub 54 at a predetermined temperature, the control means 71 ends the hot water filling operation. Here, the amount of hot water filling may be determined by calculating the integrated flow rate based on the signal of the flow rate sensor 77.

  Further, “bath reheating operation” in the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus will be described. In the case where the bath 54 is chased by the bath chasing setting means 90, the control means 71 closes the pouring valve 65 and then drives the bath pump 55 to circulate the bath water to the bath circulation path 58. The circulation of water is detected by the bath flow sensor 84, and the two compressors 23 are operated in a state where the hot water supply valve 66 and the defrost valve 67 are closed, and the bath renewal operation is started. When bath water is sent from the bath return pipe 56 to the bath heat exchanger 31 by the bath pump 55, heat exchange is performed with the first refrigerant channel 29 in the bath water channel 30, and the bath water is heated and the bath water pipe is heated. 57 is returned to the bathtub 54 again. During this time, the bath water temperature is detected by the bath temperature sensor 82, and the circulation is continued until the bath water temperature reaches the target temperature.

  As described above, based on the signals from the flow rate sensor 77 and the bath flow rate sensor 84, the water flow is detected and the operation of the compressor 23 is started. Thus, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant pressure in 22 from being excessively increased.

  Here, characteristic operations and operations of the present embodiment will be described. When the bath reheating setting means 90 is operated during the hot water supply operation, or when the hot water supply terminal 42 is used during the bath reheating operation, that is, the simultaneous operation of the “hot water operation” and the “bath reheating operation”. When requested, the control means 71 performs the same operation as the “bath chasing operation”. At this time, since the hot water supply valve 66 and the defrost valve 67 are closed, the refrigerant flows through both the first radiator 24 and the second radiator 26 in the refrigerant circulation circuit 22, The control means 71 adjusts both the first pressure reducing means 25 and the second pressure reducing means 27 that is the low pressure side pressure reducing means, so that the temperature conditions of the circulating refrigerant in the bath heat exchanger 30 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 are adjusted. Since it can be set individually, simultaneous operation of hot water supply and bath renewal is possible. Further, since the direct current motor is used for the bath pump 55, the flow rate of the bathtub water flowing through the bath water channel 30 can be finely and efficiently adjusted. Therefore, the control means 71 can change not only the condition on the refrigerant side but also the condition of the bath water flowing through the bath heat exchanger 30, and the heat exchange conditions of the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 and the bath heat exchanger 30 can be changed. Since it can be set more finely, simultaneous operation of hot water supply and bath chasing becomes easy. Further, since the water flow rate is varied by changing the rotation speed using a DC motor, the water flow rate can be changed with high power consumption efficiency, and the bath chasing operation with high efficiency and high COP becomes possible. Therefore, a small and space-saving heat pump water heater that is efficient and convenient can be realized.

  Furthermore, the “defrosting operation” in the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus will be described. In the case where the heat absorber 28 is configured to absorb atmospheric heat or solar heat, frost is generated in the heat absorber 28 when the air temperature around the heat absorber is low (for example, less than 10 ° C.). When frost is generated, the control means 71 opens the defrost valve 67 of the refrigerant circulation circuit 22 and operates the compressor 23 at a predetermined rotational speed. As a result, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows to the heat absorber 28 through the defrost valve 67, and by heating the heat absorber 28, the frozen frost melts and defrosting becomes possible.

  In this defrosting operation, a heat absorber temperature sensor (not shown) that detects the temperature of the heat absorber 28 is used to detect that the temperature of the heat absorber 28 has dropped below a predetermined temperature, or the hot water supply operation is stopped. The operation is started under various conditions set in the control means 71 such as immediately after the operation, and the operation is stopped when the temperature of the heat absorber 28 rises above a predetermined temperature or when a predetermined time elapses.

Further, the “hot water storage operation” for boiling the tank 21 in the heat pump hot water supply apparatus will be described. After the hot water supply operation, the amount of hot water stored (high temperature hot water amount) in the tank 21 is reduced due to hot water. Moreover, although the tank 21 is covered with a heat insulating material, the hot water storage temperature gradually decreases due to heat dissipation. In these cases, the control means 71 opens the hot water supply valve 66 with the defrost valve 67 of the refrigerant circulation circuit 22 closed, and opens the hot water storage opening / closing valve 44 with the hot water injection valve 65 of the water system circuit closed. Then, the compressor 23 is operated at a predetermined rotational speed, and the circulation pump 49 is driven. As a result, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows through the hot water supply valve 66 to the second refrigerant flow path 32, heats the water flow path 33, and the water flow generated by the circulation pump 49 from the tank 21 to the second water supply pipe 48 and the first water supply water. The water flowing in the order of the pipe 35 is heated here. Then, the water that has become hot water passes through the hot water storage opening / closing valve 44 of the water flow path outlet pipe B38, diffuses back from the nozzle 46 provided in the water discharge section 45 to the upper layer section in the tank 21. By continuously performing such an operation, the temperature rises in order from the upper layer portion to the lower layer portion in the tank 21.

  In this hot water storage operation, the outlet temperature sensor 75 detects the temperature of the high temperature hot water heated by the hot water supply heat exchanger 34, and the control means 71 determines the temperature of the high temperature hot water (for example, the heating temperature 85 for carbon dioxide refrigerant). The operation is controlled based on this detection signal so as to be set to ° C. If the detected temperature of the remaining hot water third sensor 81 below the tank wall surface exceeds a predetermined temperature (for example, 80 ° C.), the control means 71 determines that the hot water storage operation is almost finished and determines the rotation speed (operating frequency) of the compressor 23. Or the rotational speed of the circulation pump 49 is decreased. Thereafter, the inlet temperature sensor 74 detects the temperature of the water flowing in from the tank 21, and when the inflow temperature from the tank becomes higher than a predetermined heating end temperature (for example, 60 ° C.), the control means 71 controls the tank 71 based on the signal. 21 It is determined that the entire amount has become hot water, and hot water storage operation is stopped. By repeating this hot water storage operation, the inside of the tank 21 is maintained at a high temperature of a predetermined temperature. By making this predetermined temperature for heat insulation sufficiently higher than the target temperature of hot water supply (for example, 45 ° C.), the heat storage density can be increased and the size of the tank 21 can be reduced.

  In general, tap water contains high-level components and may precipitate as scales. However, when tap water is heated to a high temperature as in this hot water storage operation, this scale deposition is remarkable at a certain temperature (about 70 ° C.) or higher. become. Therefore, the water flow path 33 of the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 has a two-path configuration in which the outlet side in particular is branched into two, and the water flow path outlet pipe B38 for hot water storage is used for high-temperature heating of flowing water at a temperature higher than the temperature at which scale precipitation becomes remarkable. Scaling resistance is improved by taking measures such as avoiding the use of complex parts with a structure that is easy to maintain, a large cross-sectional area that is resistant to clogging due to scale accumulation, and the use of drive parts, without dedicated mixing means dedicated to heating. . Further, since the water channel outlet pipe B38 is used for the high temperature heating in the circulation path 51 and the hot water storage opening / closing valve 44 is provided, it can be dedicated to the hot water storage operation. When the hot water storage operation is performed in the tank 21 at a temperature higher than the scale precipitation temperature, the hot water flows only to the water channel outlet pipe B38 by opening the hot water on / off valve 44, and therefore, mixing means having low scale resistance on the second hot water supply pipe 53 side. Even if precision parts such as are used, high temperature hot water does not flow and scale does not occur remarkably, and the hot water storage on / off valve 44 is easy to construct and has high scale resistance. With this configuration, it is easy to store hot water in the tank, and the capacity of the tank can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to realize a small-sized and space-saving device. On the other hand, in the case of normal hot water supply, the hot water storage opening / closing valve 44 is closed so that the hot water having a temperature equal to or lower than the scale deposition temperature flows only to the water flow path outlet pipe A37 and flows from the second hot water supply pipe 53 to the hot water supply terminal 42. Therefore, the water channel outlet pipe A37 drastically reduces the chances of high-temperature use and clogging due to scale is less likely to occur, and the low-temperature side water channel outlet pipe A37 occupies most of the hot water supply, so that it can be used without problems for a long time. Become.

  Unlike the above-described method, there is also a method of storing hot water using only one path of the water flow path outlet pipe A37 in the case of low temperature heating, and using both of the two paths of the water flow path outlet pipe A37 and the water flow path outlet pipe B38 in the case of high temperature heating. . When this method is used, the cross-sectional area of the pipe through which the running water doubles can be doubled, so that the progress of scale deposition can be delayed and the life can be extended. Therefore, a durable and small space-saving device can be realized.

From the state in which the entire amount of the tank 21 (for example, 100 liters in the case of a 100 liter tank) is stored as hot water by such hot water storage operation, the amount of hot water decreases when hot water is used. For example, when the kitchen faucet 41 is opened, hot water of about 85 ° C. stored in the tank 21 is pushed up by the feed pressure of the water flowing through the second feed water pipe 48, and the kitchen faucet 41 used through the second hot water feed pipe 53. To be supplied. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3 in detail, the inside of the tank 21 has a high temperature layer W1 of high temperature hot water in the upper part of the tank, and a low temperature layer W3 in which the water supply is not heated and heated at the lower part due to the specific gravity difference due to the water temperature. It is naturally separated into an intermediate temperature medium temperature layer W2 forming a thin layer sandwiched between the high temperature layer W1 and the low temperature layer W3, and has a three-layer structure of the high temperature layer W1, the intermediate temperature layer W2, and the low temperature layer W3 from above. ing. In this way, water is taken out from the lower part of the tank by the circulation pump 49 and converted into hot water in the water flow path 33 of the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 and returned to the upper part of the tank. The required temperature stratification is formed, and when necessary, the tank can be stored in the tank with high-temperature hot water having a high heat storage density by the required amount, and the capacity of the tank can be reduced. Further, when the tank height is lowered to reduce the size and the capacity, the low temperature water that has entered due to the momentum of the water supply flow from the second water supply pipe 48 collapses the temperature stratification, and the low temperature water is discharged from the second hot water supply pipe 53 as it is. However, since the baffle plate 52 is provided in the tank to prevent the upward flow when the second water supply pipe 48 is used, it is possible to prevent the temperature stratification from collapsing and the low temperature water to be discharged. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the high heat storage density of the tank and the amount of heat discharged from the second hot water supply pipe 53, and to reduce the size of the apparatus.

  Furthermore, when the tank height is lowered to reduce the size and capacity, for example, by lowering the tank height than the heat sink height, the hot water that has entered the water is affected by the momentum of the hot water flow from the circulation water discharge unit 45. The downward flow causes the temperature stratification to collapse, and as a result, the temperature in the upper part of the tank decreases, and the temperature of the hot water discharged from the second hot water supply pipe 53 tends to decrease. However, the nozzle 46 having the downward flow blocking action prevents the temperature stratification. Since collapse can be prevented, the high heat storage density of the tank 21 and the amount of hot water discharged from the second hot water supply pipe 53 can be maintained, and the apparatus can be downsized.

  The hot water storage operation is normally performed while the hot water supply is stopped. However, even during the hot water supply operation, the hot water storage operation is necessary, and even if the heating capacity required for the hot water supply operation is subtracted, there is still room for the heating capacity in the hot water supply heat exchanger 34. When there is, the “hot water supply operation” and the “hot water storage operation” can be performed simultaneously by closing the water supply opening / closing valve 47.

  Further, in this hot water storage operation, when the remaining hot water first sensor 79 detects that the stored hot water temperature has fallen below a lower limit temperature (for example, 75 ° C.) and the stored hot water temperature has decreased due to heat dissipation, or the detected temperature by the remaining hot water second sensor 80 is predetermined. The operation is started under various conditions set in the control means 71, such as when the amount of hot water remaining in the high temperature layer W1 decreases below the temperature or immediately after the hot water supply operation is stopped.

  Here, as in the water system circuit shown in FIG. 1, a path passing through the circulation pump 49 is used for the circulation path 51 in the hot water storage operation, and a path passing through the check valve 36 is used to reduce the flow resistance in the hot water supply operation. ing. When the hot water storage operation is performed without inflow of tap water from the first water supply pipe 35, the check valve 36 is provided in the first water supply pipe 35 even if the circulation pump 49 is operated. The short-circuit direction in which the discharged water immediately enters the circulation pump 49 is reversed, and no short-circuit occurs and no problem occurs in the hot water storage operation. Further, when there is an inflow of tap water from the first water supply pipe 35 during the hot water supply operation, if the circulation pump 49 is present in the path from the first water supply pipe 35 to the water flow path 33 of the hot water supply heat exchanger 34, the water flow path 33. Although it is difficult to flow a large flow rate through the circulation pump 49 due to the large flow resistance of the circulation pump 49, a check valve 36 is provided in parallel so as to bypass the circulation pump 49. Since one water supply pipe 35 is passed, a large flow rate can be achieved. Therefore, a large flow rate can be passed through the hot water supply heat exchanger 34, and a small space-saving heat pump hot water supply device having a wide flow rate range from a small flow rate to a large flow rate can be realized.

As described above, during the hot water storage operation to the tank 21, the hot water is stored at a high temperature (for example, 85 ° C.) equal to or higher than the set value of the maximum temperature that can be set by the temperature setting means 88. The outlet hot water temperature from the hot water supply pipe 43 is detected by the outlet temperature sensor 75 and controlled by the heating amount, or the flow rate from the first hot water supply pipe 43 and the second hot water supply pipe 53 is controlled by the first mixing means 59. At least one of the hot water temperature or hot water flow rate from the first hot water supply pipe or the hot water temperature or hot water flow rate from the second hot water supply pipe is controlled based on the set value of the temperature setting means 88.

  For example, when hot water is supplied at a predetermined temperature simply by controlling the temperature from the first hot water supply pipe 43, the hot water flow rate is changed to the hot water discharged from the second hot water supply pipe 53 at a constant temperature without changing the first mixing means 59. Accordingly, the hot water temperature is detected by the hot water temperature sensor 76, and the hot water temperature is detected by the hot water temperature sensor 76, and the hot water temperature is detected by the hot water temperature sensor 76. Water may be mixed from the mixed water pipe 61, and the temperature may be adjusted by changing the mixing amount. The same applies to the case where the hot water supply temperature is controlled only by the temperature from the second hot water supply pipe. In addition, when each hot water temperature is constant, the flow rate ratio mixed by changing at least one of the flow rates by the first mixing unit 59 changes, and the hot water supply temperature at the hot water supply terminal 42 can be controlled. it can. In this way, the temperature of the hot water supply temperature can be adjusted according to the user's request in a wide flow range from a small flow rate to a large flow rate, and a small and space-saving heat pump hot water supply device with a wide flow range for improved convenience. realizable.

  Furthermore, since the refrigerant flowing through the first radiator 24 and the second radiator 26 is pressurized to a critical pressure or higher by the compressor 23, the bath water flow path 30 of the bath heat exchanger 31 or the hot water supply heat exchanger 34. Condensation does not occur even when the temperature is lowered due to heat being taken away by the flowing water in the water channel 33. Therefore, it becomes easy to form a temperature difference between the refrigerant and water in the entire heat exchanger, high-temperature hot water can be obtained, and heat exchange efficiency can be increased.

  Then, as shown in the configuration diagram of FIG. 2, when the water from the bottom to the top of the tank 21 is made lower than the height of the heat absorber 28 to reduce the tank height, The center of gravity is lowered and the installation stability is improved. Further, in order to reduce the installation area and improve the installation property, the components including the tank 21 and the heat absorber 28 are integrated, and the lower unit 93 including the tank 21 and the upper unit 92 including the heat absorber 28 are stacked. When the required heating capacity in the hot water supply heat exchanger 34 increases corresponding to the hot water supply load, the size of the heat absorber 28 increases and the height increases. However, the lower the tank height, the easier the stacking integration is. Since the center of gravity is reduced, the tank height is lowered, and an integrated unit having a small installation area and high stability becomes possible.

  In addition, the tank 21, the bath heat exchanger 31, the hot water supply heat exchanger 34, the circulation pump 49, the bath pump 55, and the compressor 23 constituting the heat pump cycle, which are water passage elements among the elements constituting the apparatus, are combined into one. A compressor base 95 which is housed in a lower unit 93 which is a unit and which fixes the two compressors 23 one step above the water flow element base 94 is disposed, and the control board 96 in which the control means 71 is housed is compressed. Since it is arranged above the machine base 95, even if water leaks from the water flow element or water drops in the unit due to piping work during construction or maintenance, the compressor Since 23 is arranged above, it prevents the legs of the compressor 23 from being splashed with water for a long time, the legs to be submerged and causing corrosion, and the electrical connection portions of the compressor 23 and the control means 71 from being submerged. And durable It can be realized an apparatus installation of good integrally formed compact having a safety.

Further, generally, air is dissolved in water, and when water is heated by a heat exchanger, air comes out as bubbles as the water temperature rises. However, the bath water flow path 30 of the bath heat exchanger 31 and the hot water supply The water flow path 33 of the heat exchanger 34, the respective inlets 97 are disposed below, and the outlets 98 are disposed above, so that the flowing water flows from the bottom to the top. The heat exchanger is surely discharged from 98 to the heat exchanger, and heat transfer to the water in the heat exchanger is not obstructed by the bubbles, so that a heat transfer area that actually contributes can be secured, so the size of the heat exchanger is reduced. This makes it possible to reduce the size and space of the apparatus.

  In this embodiment, the water is supplied to the tank 21 by the second water supply pipe 48 and the water is absorbed by the circulation pump 49 by forming the circulation path 51. However, as shown in FIG. In addition, a second water supply pipe 99 branched from the upstream of the check valve 36 of the first water supply pipe 35 is provided to supply tap water to the bottom of the tank 21, and a pump pipe 100 is provided at the bottom of the tank 21 to absorb water near the tip. The nozzle provided in the water discharge part 45 through the hot water storage opening / closing valve 44 of the water flow path outlet pipe B38 through the pump pipe 100, the circulation pump 49, the first water supply pipe 35 and the water flow path 33 in this order from the water absorption part 50. A circulation path 51 for heating hot water storage leading to 46 may be formed. Even in this case, the provision of the baffle plate 52 prevents the upward flow from the second water supply pipe 99 and the downward flow to the pump pipe 100, and the same effect of maintaining temperature stratification can be obtained.

(Example 2)
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In addition, the thing of the same structure as the hot water supply apparatus of Example 1 gives the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits description. In FIG. 5, the difference from the configuration of the first embodiment is that a refrigerant check valve 101 is provided on each suction side of two parallel compressors 23, and the first radiator 103 of the bath heat exchanger 102 and hot water supply heat are provided. The second radiator 105 of the exchanger 104 is provided in parallel on the discharge side of the compressor 23, the first heat radiation control means 106 and the second heat radiation control means 107 on the upstream side, and the first pressure reduction on the downstream side of each. Means 108 and second decompression means 109 are provided. The fourth hot water supply pipe 63 is provided with a buffer tank 110, and the first water supply pipe 35 in the vicinity of the water flow path 33 has a thermal AC amount sensor 111. Further, as shown in detail in FIG. 6, the water flow path 33 has a multi-path configuration that branches into a plurality of parallel paths 33 a, 33 b,... Within the hot water supply heat exchanger 104. Is different.

  The operation and action of the above configuration will be described. In the heat pump water heater of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when the control means 71 drives the compressor 23 in any of the operation modes, the operation speeds of the two compressors are different or particularly one The refrigerant check valve 101 is provided when only one of the compressors is stopped and the compressor is stopped. Therefore, an excessive or abnormal load is applied to the compressor 23 or the refrigerant is prevented from flowing backward. The refrigerant circulation amount is prevented from being lowered by 23 to ensure the heating capacity, and the reliability of the apparatus is improved. When performing only the hot water supply operation, the second heat radiation control means 107 is fully opened while the defrost valve 67 is closed, and the first heat radiation control means 106 is fully closed or adjusted to an opening degree at which only a small amount of refrigerant flows. Perform hot water operation. On the other hand, when performing only the bath renewal operation, the first heat release control means 106 is fully opened while the defrost valve 67 is closed, and the second heat release control means 107 is fully closed, or the opening is such that only a small amount of refrigerant flows. By adjusting and performing bath renewal operation, independent operation becomes possible.

On the other hand, when simultaneous operation of “hot water supply operation” and “bath reheating operation” is performed, such as when the bath reheating setting means 90 is operated during the hot water supply operation, the control means 71 with the defrost valve 67 closed. Opens the first heat radiation control means 106 and the second heat radiation control means 107 to a predetermined opening, respectively, and causes the refrigerant to flow through both the first heat radiator 103 and the second heat radiator 105. And the control means 71 adjusts both the 1st pressure reduction means 108 and the 2nd pressure reduction means 109, and the temperature conditions of each distribution | circulation refrigerant | coolant of the bath heat exchanger 102 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 104 can be set separately. Therefore, simultaneous operation of hot water supply and bath renewal becomes possible. Further, since the direct current motor is used for the bath pump 55, the flow rate of the bath water flowing through the bath water channel 30 can be finely and efficiently adjusted. Therefore, the control means 71 can change not only the condition on the refrigerant side but also the condition of the bath water flowing through the bath heat exchanger 30, and the heat exchange conditions of the bath heat exchanger 102 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 104 can be changed. Since it can be set more finely, simultaneous operation of hot water supply and bath chasing becomes easy. In the case of these independent operation and simultaneous operation, the first heat release control means 106 and the second heat release control means 107 are not provided, and the operation is performed by adjusting the opening degrees of the first pressure reduction means 108 and the second pressure reduction means 109. It is also possible.

  And since the bath heat exchanger 102 is provided in this way, the bath reheating operation which is the heating operation of the bath water becomes possible, and since it is arranged in parallel with the hot water supply heat exchanger 104, the hot water supply operation and the bath renewal operation are possible. In either of these operations, the high-temperature refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit 21 immediately after the operation starts flows directly from the compressor 23 into the heat exchanger necessary for the operation, and exchanges heat with the water flow of the use-side heat exchanger. Therefore, the temperature rise rises quickly. Therefore, a small and space-saving heat pump hot water supply apparatus that is convenient can be realized.

  Also, during hot water supply operation, when the outlet flow rate suddenly decreases due to several terminals being closed from the plurality of hot water supply terminals 42, the temperature of the hot water supply is not sufficient to keep up with the rate of reduction of the heating capacity in the hot water supply heat exchanger 104. However, since the buffer tank 110 which is a volume part is provided in the 4th hot water supply pipe 63, the hot water discharge becomes dull and the buffer tank 110 becomes dull in the buffer tank 110. Hot water can be mixed with normal hot water to lower the peak temperature to prevent hot hot water and can be done with a moderate and acceptable temperature increase.

  Further, since the thermal AC amount sensor 111 is provided and the signal is processed by the control means 71, the operation amount of the first mixing means 59 and the flow rate through the first hot water supply pipe 43 from the thermal AC amount sensor 111 during the hot water supply operation. Are compared, and the malfunction or abnormality of the mixing means is determined, or the operation amount of the circulation pump 49 and the flow rate through the water flow path 33 are compared during hot water storage operation. It is possible to determine the accumulation of scale on the surface, etc., or to perform high-speed and high-accuracy temperature control by adding feedforward control to the heating capacity control in the hot water supply heat exchanger 104 during hot water storage operation.

  And since the water flow path 33 of the hot water supply heat exchanger 104 has a multi-path configuration having a plurality of parallel flow paths, the flow of water in the heat exchanger branches in parallel to the multi-path so that a large flow rate flows. However, the flow resistance is small and the heat transfer area can be sufficiently secured, and a large flow rate can be passed through the hot water supply heat exchanger 104. Therefore, a small space-saving heat pump water heater having a wide flow rate range from a small flow rate to a large flow rate can be realized. Here, only the water flow path 33 of the hot water supply heat exchanger 104 has been described as having a multi-path configuration, but the same effect can be obtained even if the bath water flow path 30 of the bath heat exchanger 102 is configured as a multi-path configuration.

The circuit block diagram of the heat pump hot-water supply apparatus in Example 1 of this invention The perspective view which shows the structure arrangement | positioning of the heat pump hot-water supply apparatus in Example 1 of this invention. The figure which shows the structure of the tank of the heat pump hot-water supply apparatus in Example 1 of this invention. The other circuit block diagram of the heat pump hot-water supply apparatus in Example 1 of this invention The circuit block diagram of the heat pump hot-water supply apparatus in Example 2 of this invention The figure which shows the structure of the hot water supply heat exchanger of the heat pump hot-water supply apparatus in Example 2 of this invention. Configuration diagram of conventional heat pump water heater

Explanation of symbols

21 Tank 22 Refrigerant Circulation Circuit 24 First Radiator 25 First Decompression Unit (High Pressure Side Decompression Unit)
26 Second radiator 27 Second decompression means (low pressure side decompression means)
28 heat absorber 31 bath heat exchanger 33 water flow path 33a, 33b, 33c plural parallel flow paths 34 hot water supply heat exchanger 35 first water supply pipe 36 check valve (check means)
37 Water channel outlet pipe A
38 Water channel outlet pipe B
42 Hot water supply terminal 43 First hot water supply circuit 44 Hot water storage opening / closing valve (opening / closing means)
45 Water discharge part 46 Nozzle (Diffusion means)
48 Second water supply pipe 49 Circulation pump (water circulation means)
50 water absorption part 51 circulation path 52 baffle plate (upward flow prevention means)
53 Second hot water supply circuit 54 Bathtub 55 Bath pump (bath circulation means)
56 Bath return pipe 57 Bath return pipe 58 Bath circulation path 88 Temperature setting means

Claims (2)

A refrigerant circulation circuit having a radiator and a heat absorber to form a heat pump cycle, a hot water supply heat exchanger having a water flow path for exchanging heat with the heat radiator, and a first water supply for supplying tap water to the water flow path A pipe, a first hot water pipe connected so as to pass hot water for heating heated in the water flow path to a hot water supply terminal, a tank for storing hot water, and the tank and the water flow path connected to water in the tank. A circulation path for heating the water flow path back to the tank, a second hot water pipe connecting the hot water stored in the tank to the hot water supply terminal, the first hot water pipe and the second hot water pipe; A first mixing means for connecting, a third hot water supply pipe for discharging hot water from the first mixing means, a mixed water pipe for supplying tap water to the hot water supply terminal, and a third hot water supply pipe for connecting the third hot water supply pipe and the mixed water pipe. Heat pump hot water supply apparatus provided with 2 mixing means. The heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant circulation circuit is a supercritical heat pump cycle in which the pressure of the refrigerant becomes equal to or higher than a critical pressure, and the flowing water in the water flow path of the radiator is heated by the refrigerant whose pressure is increased to the critical pressure or higher. .

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