JP2007076562A - Propeller - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a propeller for fluid for converging the fluid in the axial direction on the discharge side during the rotation and passing the fluid. <P>SOLUTION: In the propeller for fluid, tip parts of propeller blades are inclined downward to form inclined portions. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a propeller, and more particularly, to a propeller that allows a fluid to converge and pass toward a downstream axis when rotating.

  Conventionally, the screw is provided with blades at right angles to the output shaft, and the rear side of the screw is inclined in the axial direction with respect to the front side. At the time of rotation, water escapes in the centrifugal direction along the rear surface of the screw, so that the water flow spreads out and the propulsive force decreases.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a propeller that prevents fluid scraped by the propeller from escaping in the centrifugal direction.

  In the present invention, an inclined portion that is inclined downstream is formed at the tip of the propeller blade so that the fluid scraped by the propeller does not escape in the centrifugal direction. The specific contents of the invention are as follows.

  (1) A propeller for fluid, in which a tip portion of a propeller blade is inclined downstream to form an inclined portion.

  (2) A propeller for liquid, wherein the propeller blade has a tip portion that is inclined upstream to form an inclined portion.

  (3) A propeller for a fluid, wherein the propeller blade is inclined in the upstream direction from the base to the tip, and the tip is inclined in the downstream to form an inclined portion.

  (4) The fluid propeller according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the inclined portion is inclined in a range of 10 degrees to 45 degrees with respect to the main body.

  (5) The propeller according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein a base portion of the inclined portion is set on a rotation radius thereof.

  (6) The propeller blade is a propeller that is inclined downstream from the base to the tip.

  (7) The propeller blade has an inclination of 2 degrees to 12 degrees, (3). The propeller according to any one of (6).

  (8) The propeller according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the propeller is for a ship.

  (9) The propeller according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the propeller is a propeller of an electric fan.

  (10) The propeller according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the propeller is a propeller of a ventilation fan.

  (11) The propeller according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the propeller is for an aircraft.

  The present invention has the following effects.

(1) Since the propeller of the invention described in claim 1 is formed with an inclined portion inclined in the downstream direction at the tip of the propeller blade, the fluid scratched by the inclined portion with rotation is Since it is extruded at a high speed in the inclined direction, the fluid gathers in the axial direction to create a strong fluid flow.
Therefore, if the fluid is wind, high-speed wind can be generated from a fan or a ventilation fan. If the fluid is water, a strong water flow comes out of the screw, and a high driving force can be obtained.

  (2) In the propeller of the invention described in claim 2, since the inclined portion inclined in the upstream direction is formed at the tip of the propeller blade, the fluid scratched by the inclined portion with rotation is Since it is pushed at high speed in the axial direction and exits from the rear side at a high speed backward, it merges with the fluid pushed out at the drainage surface to create a strong fluid flow.If the fluid is water, a strong water flow will come out from the screw. High driving force. Moreover, the propeller blades are pushed in the direction of rotation by the flowing water pressure that escapes from the rear side to the rear at a high speed, and thrust is increased.

  (3) In the propeller of the invention described in claim 3, since the propeller blades are inclined generally upstream and the tip is inclined downstream, the fluid scratched in the centrifugal part is quickly centered. Combines with local fluids to create a strong fluid flow.

  (4) In the propeller according to the invention described in claim 4, since the inclined portion of the tip of the propeller blade is inclined within a range of 10 degrees to 45 degrees with respect to the vertical, Since the fluid is pushed out in the direction orthogonal to each other, a strong fluid pressure can be created in the intersection region of the fluid flow.

  (5) In the propeller of the invention described in claim 5, since the base portion of the inclined portion is set on the turning radius thereof, it is difficult to become resistance during rotation.

  (6) In the propeller of the invention described in claim 6, since the propeller blades are inclined in the downstream direction from the base to the tip, fluid gathers in the axial direction as the propeller rotates. So that it is pushed out at a high speed, and a strong fluid flow is enhanced.

  (7) In the propeller of the invention described in claim 7, the inclination of the entire propeller blade is inclined in the range of 2 degrees to 12 degrees, so that the fluid gathers at the center of rotation with rotation. To create a strong fluid pressure at the center.

(8) Since the propeller of the invention described in claim 8 is a screw for a ship, when it rotates, a water flow is gathered at a position along the axial center line, so that a strong propulsive force can be obtained. It is hard to foam and has excellent propulsive power even at low speeds, so it can be propelled with a small prime mover,
It is suitable for submarines because the screw sound is low.

  (9) Since the propeller of the invention described in claim 9 is a propeller of an electric fan, when it rotates, a strong wind current appears at the center of rotation, so that strong wind reaches far.

  (10) Since the propeller of the invention described in claim 10 is a propeller of a ventilation fan, when it rotates, the inclined portion of the tip of the propeller blade draws a wide range of wind and is pushed downstream at a high speed. Can ventilate.

  (11) When the propeller of the invention described in claim 11 is used as a rotor blade of a helicopter, for example, the airflow does not escape from the tip of the propeller during rotation, so that the lift can be improved.

  A propeller in which a tip portion of a propeller blade is formed with an inclined portion that inclines downstream.

  The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a rear view of a propeller according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of a propeller blade part, FIG. 3 is a plan view in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view along AA in FIG. It is B sectional drawing.

  In the figure, a propeller (1) is a ship propeller, and a plurality of propeller blades (3) (three in the figure) are fixed to a boss (2), and is rotated in the direction of the arrow. In the propeller blade (3), the base end portion (3a) is narrow, the tip edge portion has a chord length as wide as about 70% of the rotation radius, and the maximum chord length portion (3d) is formed.

  When viewed from the side, the thickness of the propeller blade (3) is such that the tip portion is formed thin, the tip portion is inclined in the downstream direction, and the inclined portion (3c) is formed. The inclination angle of the inclined portion (3c) is in the range of 10 degrees to 30 degrees with respect to the axis (L) of the output shaft (4), but is preferably 15 degrees to 20 degrees. However, the inclination angle of the inclined portion (3c) can be up to 45 degrees depending on the width of the chord length. The base end portion of the inclined portion (3c) is at the maximum chord length portion (3d), and the maximum chord length portion (3d) is set in an arc shape on the rotation radius, so that resistance during rotation is reduced. small.

  In Fig.4.5, the propeller blade (3) has a right rotation tip side (3e) on the discharge surface (3b) inclined more upstream than a left rotation rear side (3f). The slope of the drainage surface (3b) is gentler at the tip edge than at the base end of the propeller blade (3), which means that the top and bottom plate thickness is the same and the base chord length is narrow, This is because the chord length at the tip edge is wide.

When the propeller (1) configured as described above is rotated, the inclined fluid (a) pushed out by the inclined portion (3c) is directed toward the axial center line (L) as shown in FIG. Will gather.
In FIG. 6, the inclined fluid (a) pushed out by the inclined portion (3c) is pushed out earlier in time toward the tip portion than the horizontal fluid (b) pushed out by the vertical discharge surface (3b). Has been.

That is, in FIG. 6, the inclined fluid (a) that inclines and joins the horizontal fluid (b) applies fluid pressure to the horizontal fluid (b) from an oblique direction.
Therefore, when this propeller blade (3) is used in the screw, the horizontal fluid (b) pushes the propeller (3) in the opposite direction as a reaction because of the water pressure indicated by the arrow X in FIG. Power increases.

  In FIG. 6, since the inclined portion (3c) is inclined, the fluid from the outside is directly drawn in the direction indicated by the arrow A, and the length of PQ is longer than the point OP, so PQ- The gradient fluid (a) applies an extra fluid pressure to the horizontal fluid (b) by OP = Y.

  Thus, as can be seen in FIG. 1, since the chord length of the inclined portion (3c) is wide and the centrifugal portion rotates at a higher speed than the portion close to the output shaft (4), the high-speed inclined fluid (a ) Wraps the horizontal fluid (b) in a conical shape and hits the normal water pressure indicated by the arrow X, so the area of the conical surface of the diameter circle of the propeller (1) is larger than the area of the diameter circle of the propeller (1) It is applied as a propulsion force for the propeller (1).

FIG. 7 is a rear view of the propeller showing the second embodiment. The same parts as those in the previous example are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
In this embodiment, the maximum chord length (3d) at the tip edge is set narrower than the propeller of FIG. The maximum chord length is 50% and the base chord length is 30% with respect to the turning radius of the propeller (1), which is suitable for high-speed rotation.

  The maximum chord length portion (3d) is formed along the rotation arc, and the tip portion is inclined at an inclination of about 45 degrees in the downstream direction with the maximum chord length portion (3d) as a base point, and the inclined portion (3c) Is formed. While the maximum chord length portion (3d) is narrower than that of FIG. 1, the inclination angle of the inclined portion (3c) is set strongly.

The propeller blade (3) is evenly distributed on the left and right of the center line (S), and the inclined part (3c) has a large area of the rotation side part (3e) (left side of the figure) and the rear side part ( 3f) (right side of the figure) is gradually narrowed.
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the discharge surface (3b) of the propeller blade (3) has an inclined surface at the base portion that is about 17 degrees with respect to the tip perpendicular to the output shaft (2), and becomes the tip. It is gently formed.

In the second embodiment configured as described above, when the propeller (1) rotates in the forward direction, in FIG. 8, the a arrow flow is generated at the inclined portion (3c), and the propulsive force is the reaction that suppresses the b arrow flow. growing.
In FIG. 10, there is a gap (α) corresponding to the plate thickness between the rotation destination side portion (3e) and the rotation rear side portion (3f) of the propeller blade (3). Therefore, when the propeller (1) rotates once, the fluid 3α is pushed.

  In Example 2, the chord length is narrow, and the inclination of the drainage surface (3b) in the rotation direction is small, so that it can be rotated at high speed. In addition, since the vortex flow at the base is small, the water surface is unlikely to swell and consequently no water bubbles are generated. Further, since the discharge flow is not diffused by the inclined portion (3c) and gathers in the axial direction, the discharge flow does not wave on the water surface, and water bubbles are not generated.

  Since the rotation is smooth and does not generate waves, the rotation sound (stirring sound) of the propeller blade (3) is quiet. The sloping part (3c) has good drainage efficiency, so the prime mover can be made small, and the propulsive force is excellent even at low speed rotation, which is suitable for a submarine in combination with the quiet point of the rotation sound.

FIG. 11 is a side view of the propeller showing the third embodiment. The same parts as those in the previous example are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
In the third embodiment, the propeller blade (3) as a whole is inclined from the base end to the downstream with respect to the vertical. In addition, the tip portion is further inclined toward the downstream side to form an inclined portion (3c).

  As the propeller (1) configured as described above, as it rotates, the fluid sent out by the inclined portion (3c) faces in the direction of arrow a, and the fluid sent out from the inclined surface of the base portion faces in the direction of arrow b. The arrow a fluid is extruded conically around the axis L so as to wrap around the fluid b.

  Therefore, in the propeller (1) of the second embodiment, the fluid indicated by the arrow a by the inclined portion (3c) intersects the shaft center line L earlier than the propeller (1) shown in FIG. Power increases. The third embodiment can also be applied to those shown in FIGS. These propellers (1) can be applied to electric fans, ventilation fans, and the like.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a propeller showing Embodiment 4, and FIG. 13 is a plan view thereof. The same parts as those in the previous example are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
In the fourth embodiment, the propeller blade (3) is inclined to the upstream side as a whole in a side view. In addition, the tip portion is inclined toward the downstream side to form an inclined portion (3c).

  As shown in FIG. 13, the drainage surface (3b) of the propeller blade (3) is bulged at the rotation destination side edge. Therefore, when the propeller (1) rotates, negative pressure is generated at the rotation destination side portion (3e), and rotational thrust is generated. In FIG. 12, an a-arrow flow is generated by the inclined portion (3c), and the b-arrow flow generated by the discharge surface (3b) is suppressed in the axial direction.

  Since the inclined part (3c) is in the centrifugal part, the rotational speed is faster than the base part of the propeller blade (3). As a result, the a arrow fluid pushed axially by the inclined portion (3c) contacts the static fluid pressure A earlier than the b arrow flow and surrounds the b arrow flow.

Further, since the propeller blade (3) is inclined to the upstream as a whole, the flow indicated by the arrow b quickly joins the fluid indicated by the arrow a and hits the static fluid pressure A, so that the fluid pushing force is increased.
Further, the inclined portion (3c) draws fluid from obliquely outward, and the fact that the speed is faster than the rotation center means that the discharge amount is large, and the fluid pushing force is increased.

  FIG. 14 is a side view of the propeller showing the fifth embodiment. The same parts as those in the previous example are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. The propeller (1) is formed such that the inclined portion (3c) of the propeller blade (3) is inclined upstream.

During rotation, the fluid hitting the front end portion (3e) of the propeller blade (3) is pushed toward the base by the inclined portion (3c) and flows backward from the rear side portion (3f). That is, since the inclined portion (3c) is in the centrifugal portion and has a high rotation speed, the fluid scraped by the inclined portion (3c) slides toward the proximal end and escapes backward, and is pushed out by the discharge surface (3b). It becomes a driving force by joining with the fluid.
This inclined part (3c) acts to draw the fluid toward the axial center, and the fluid that collects in the axial center region and moves backward pushes the propeller blade (3) as a reaction in the rotational direction, so it is applied to the rotational force. To do.

  FIG. 16 is a side view of the propeller showing the sixth embodiment. The same parts as those in the previous example are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. In Example 6, the propeller tip shown in FIG. 11 is entirely inclined downstream without the inclined portion (3c) at the tip. The tilt angle is about 10 degrees, but can be 8-12 degrees.

  When viewed from the side, the base portion has a thick plate thickness, and the plate thickness is gradually reduced toward the tip. Therefore, the lateral inclination of the drainage surface (3b) is formed so that the base portion is steep and becomes gradually closer to the tip. At the time of rotation, the fluid scratched by the centrifugal portion having a wide chord length is drawn toward the axial center.

  FIG. 17 is a front view of the propeller showing the seventh embodiment. The same parts as those in the previous example are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. The seventh embodiment is applied to a rotor blade of a helicopter. With rotation, the tip of the rotor blade faces upward and the airflow escapes. However, in Example 7, since the inclined portion (3c) is formed at the tip, the fluid hitting the inclined portion (3c) Pushed down, it works on lift.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed in design according to the purpose. The application can also be applied to, for example, a hydroelectric generator. Each embodiment can be combined.

  Since this propeller can collect fluid in the axial direction and discharge it downstream, the discharge force is improved, so that the prime mover can be reduced in size and used for a propulsion device, a blower and the like.

It is a rear view of the propeller which concerns on this invention. It is a side view of the propeller which concerns on this invention. FIG. 3 is a plan view in FIG. 2. It is AA sectional drawing in FIG. It is BB sectional drawing in FIG. It is a side view of the propeller which shows an effect | action. It is a rear view of the propeller of Example 2 which concerns on this invention. It is a side view in FIG. It is a top view in FIG. It is a principal part top view of a propeller wing | blade. It is a side view of the propeller of Example 3 which concerns on this invention. It is a side view of the propeller of Example 4 which concerns on this invention. It is a top view in FIG. It is a side view of the propeller of Example 5 which concerns on this invention. It is a top view in FIG. It is a side view of the propeller of Example 6 which concerns on this invention. It is a side view of the propeller of Example 7 which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

(1) Propeller
(2) Boss
(3) Propeller wing
(3a) Base end
(3b) Emission surface
(3c) Inclined part
(3d) Maximum chord length
(3e) Rotation side
(3f) Rear side of rotation
(4) Output shaft

Claims (11)

A propeller for fluid, wherein a tip portion of a propeller blade is inclined toward a downstream side to form an inclined portion. A propeller for liquid, wherein the propeller blade has an inclined portion formed by tilting a tip portion thereof in an upstream direction. A propeller for fluid, wherein the propeller blade is inclined in the upstream direction from the base portion to the tip end, and the tip portion is inclined in the downstream direction to form an inclined portion. 5. The fluid propeller according to claim 1, wherein the inclined portion is inclined in a range of 10 to 45 degrees with respect to the main body. The propeller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a base portion of the inclined portion is set on a turning radius thereof. The propeller blade is characterized in that the entire propeller blade is inclined downstream from the base to the tip. The propeller blade according to claim 3.6, wherein the inclination angle of the propeller blade is in a range of 2 degrees to 12 degrees. The propeller according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the propeller is for a ship. The propeller according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the propeller is a propeller of an electric fan. The propeller according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the propeller is a propeller of a ventilation fan. The propeller according to claim 1, wherein the propeller is for an aircraft.

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