JP2007063822A - Environment-friendly pier - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an environment-friendly pier which can take sunlight into an area under a superstructure thereof so as to be sufficient for the growth of seaweed. <P>SOLUTION: In the structure of the pile-type pier 10 which supports the superstructure 12 by means of piles 11, a floor slab portion 15 of the superstructure 12 is formed of a precast slab 6, and transparent plates 17 are fitted in the floor slab portion 15 as windows 18. Then a rack 20 is formed in an area under the floor slab portion 15 by using the piles 11, and an adhesive base 22 fitted for the adhesion of reef seaweed is laid on the rack 20. Further, sunlight is applied to the adhesive base 22 on the rack 20 via a number of optical fibers 32 extended from a light collecting device 30 with a solar tracking mechanism set on the superstructure 12 via cables 31, and thus a quantity of light sufficient for growing the seaweed on the adhesive base 22 is secured in cooperation with daylighting from the windows 18 fitted to the floor slab portion 15. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a pile-type pier that supports an upper structure with a pile, and more particularly to an environment-friendly pier in which the lower region of the upper structure is improved to an environment suitable for the habitat of animals and plants.

  For example, a pile-type pier used for ship berthing is connected to the revetment 1 with an upper structure 12 on a pile (steel pipe pile) 11 placed on the water bottom ground G, as indicated by reference numeral 10 in FIG. It is constructed in the form to let you. More specifically, the upper structure 12 is disposed within the lattice of the beam portion 14, the columnar portion 13 disposed on the pile 11, the beam portion 14 connecting the columnar portions 13 in a lattice shape. The beam part 14 of the one side is joined with the edge block 3 which wraps the upper end part of the sheet pile wall (steel pipe sheet pile wall) 2 which comprises the revetment 1, for example.

  By the way, the lower water area of the upper structure 12 of the pier 10 described above is a dark area in which sunlight does not easily enter because the upper structure 12 and the revetment 1 are joined. Not suitable for the growth and habitat of species. For this reason, for example, in Patent Document 1, a shelf is constructed using a pile in the lower region of the slab of the jetty (upper structure), and stones such as quarry stone are stacked on the shelf, and the floor It has been proposed that a slit for daylighting is provided in a part of the plate and the shelf is used as a habitat for animals and plants. However, there is a problem that the amount of light is insufficient only by taking the light from the slits described above, in order to use the stone-laden shelf as a seaweed shelf where seaweeds (rocky seaweeds) grow.

  Therefore, the one described in Patent Document 2 is intended for buoys piled up on a floating body, but a reflecting mirror is attached to the outer ocean surface side of the floating body and the lower surface of the floor slab (upper structure) of the pier, The sunlight received by the reflecting mirror on the outer ocean surface side is reflected by the reflecting mirror on the lower surface of the floor slab so as to irradiate the floating surface. However, according to the measures for irradiating the seaweed shelf (float) with sunlight using the reflector in this way, the sunlight diffuses due to reflection from the reflector, so the desired amount of light on the seaweed shelf It is difficult to secure the seaweed shelf and the formation of the seaweed shelf is still difficult. In addition, since the incident / reflection angle changes due to the movement of the sun, it is difficult to uniformly irradiate the seaweed shelf with sunlight, and it is difficult to form the seaweed shelf from this aspect.

In addition, the technique of using an optical fiber for sunlight condensing illumination is known conventionally, for example, in the thing of patent document 3, the sunlight condensed with the condensing part which has a solar tracking mechanism is used with an optical fiber. It is transmitted to the lighting terminal in the building.
JP-A-9-165725 JP-A-10-295214 JP-A-6-300925

  The present invention has been made in view of the technical background described above, and the problem is that a sufficient amount of sunlight necessary for the growth and growth of seaweeds is formed in the lower region of the upper structure. The object is to provide an environment-friendly jetty that can be taken in and that allows the formation of a seaweed shelf.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pier that supports an upper structure by a pile, and a shelf is constructed in the lower region of the upper structure using the pile, and a reef is placed on the shelf. It is characterized by laying a foundation suitable for the growth of marine algae and irradiating sunlight toward the foundation on the shelf from a number of optical fibers extended from a light collecting device equipped with a solar tracking mechanism And

  A light collecting device having a sun tracking mechanism is well known as described in Patent Document 3 described above, and the present invention uses such a light collecting device and an optical fiber to lower the upper structure. Sunlight is taken into the area. In this case, by appropriately setting the number of optical fibers installed and the installation height of the terminal irradiation part, it is sufficient for the growth and growth of seaweeds against the growth base on the shelf under the superstructure. A uniform amount of sunlight can be irradiated.

  In the first invention, a circular or polygonal daylighting window provided with a transparent plate may be provided in the floor slab portion of the upper structure. In this case, since sunlight is taken under the upper structure through the window provided with the transparent plate, the amount of light on the substrate is further increased.

  A second invention for solving the above-described problems is a pile-type pier that supports an upper structure by a pile, and a shelf is constructed using the pile in a lower region of the upper structure, A laying base suitable for the settlement of reef-like seaweeds is laid on the floor, and a circular or polygonal daylighting window with a transparent plate is provided on the floor slab of the upper structure. A light transmission duct that guides sunlight collected from the window to an accretion base on the shelf is disposed in a side region.

  In the second aspect of the invention, sunlight taken under the upper structure through the window provided with the transparent plate is guided to the settlement base without being diffused through the light transmission duct. A sufficient amount of sunlight necessary for the growth and growth of seaweeds is secured.

  In the first and second inventions, the floor slab portion of the upper structure may be formed by a precast plate. When the floor slab portion is formed by the precast plate as described above, it is possible to easily remove dust, mold, salt, and the like attached to the daylighting window by detaching the precast cast plate.

  The settlement base used in the first and second inventions is not particularly limited as long as it is suitable for the settlement of reef seaweeds, but has already been clarified by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Application 2004). -271773) is preferred. This settlement base is porous at least on the upper side, and has been treated with carbonic acid in advance to fix alkaline components harmful to biological growth as water-insoluble components. Growth is promoted. In the first and second aspects of the present invention, the seedlings of the reef seaweeds may be germinated in advance in the onshore tank, and in this case, the seaweeds are formed under the upper structure. The breeding seaweed shelf is formed early.

According to the environment-friendly pier according to the present invention, a sufficient amount of sunlight can be taken into the lower region of the upper structure, so that the use of a suitable foundation for the establishment of seaweeds can be considered. Thus, the seaweed bed shelf can be reliably formed under the upper structure, which greatly contributes to environmental improvement.
In particular, according to the first aspect of the invention, the sunlight collected by the light concentrator equipped with a solar tracking mechanism is guided to the foundation through the optical fiber, so that the sunlight can be efficiently taken in throughout the year as well as throughout the day. It is extremely useful for the formation of a seaweed shelf. On the other hand, according to the second invention, since the sunlight taken in from the window is guided to the foundation through the light transmission duct, the cost burden is reduced as compared with the case of using an expensive light collecting device or optical fiber. Reduce.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 to 4 show an environment-friendly pier as a first embodiment of the present invention. In addition, since this pier is used for the berthing of a ship and the whole structure is the same as what was shown in above-mentioned FIG. 8, here, in the same part as the part shown in FIG. The same reference numerals will be given. In the present embodiment, the floor plate portion 15 of the upper structure 12 is composed of a precast plate 16 formed separately, and each precast plate 16 is a stepped portion 14a formed on the columnar portion 14 on the pile 11 (see FIG. It is supported by 3).

  A circular (or polygonal) window 18 having a transparent plate 17 is provided at the center of each precast plate 16 described above, and the transparent plate 17 protrudes into the opening of each precast plate 16. The outer peripheral edge is placed on the annular protrusion 16a (FIG. 3) and is fitted and fixed to the precast plate 16. The transparent plate 17 may be made of plastic or glass as long as it has appropriate transparency and strength, but in consideration of cost, a plastic plate such as an acrylic plate is selected. It is desirable to do. Further, the size of the transparent plate 17, that is, the size of the window 18 is set to an appropriate size according to the size of the precast plate 16. As an example, when the precast plate 16 is a square having a side of 4 m, a transparent plate 17 having a diameter of about 2 m is selected. Although not shown, a suspension member for suspension is embedded in the precast plate 16, and each precast plate 16 is attached to and detached from the upper structure 12 by operating a suspension member engaged with the engagement member. .

  On the other hand, a shelf 20 is installed in the lower region of the floor slab portion 15 of the upper structure 12 using the piles 11. The shelf 20 is mounted and fixed on a support beam 21 bridged between adjacent piles 11, and here, the shelf 20 extends in the longitudinal direction of the pier and is arranged in two rows. The shelf 20 is positioned at a position deeper than the tide level (LWL) at the time of low tide by a predetermined depth (for example, about −4 m). Yes.

  A condensing device 30 having a solar tracking mechanism is installed on the upper surface of the upper structure 12, and between the floor slab portion 15 (precast plate 16) of the upper structure 12 and the shelf 20 below it. In this area, a large number of optical fibers 32 extending from the light condensing device 30 via cables 31 are arranged. The condensing device 30 has a multi-lens structure including a large number of lenses, and the optical fiber 32 is provided corresponding to the lenses in the condensing device 30.

  In the first embodiment, as the condensing device 30, one having a large number of lenses (for example, 198 eyes) is selected, and therefore the number of optical fibers 32 extended from the condensing device 30 is also large ( 198). On the other hand, about six optical fibers 32 are usually accommodated in one cable 31, and therefore the number of cables 31 is also increased here (33 in the case of 198 eyes). In the present embodiment, a collective cable in which a required number of cables 31 are bundled is pulled out from the light collecting device 30, and this collective cable is branched into 4 series, and 2 series of them are arranged in parallel along each shelf 20. The terminal irradiation part of the optical fiber 32 is exposed from each series of cables 31 so that the sunlight is irradiated toward the growth base 22 on the shelf 20. In this case, the installation height of the terminal irradiating unit of the optical fiber 32 is set so that an illuminance of at least 1000 Lx can be obtained on the growth base 22, and the sunlight is irradiated almost uniformly on the growth base 22. It is desirable to set the arrangement pitch of the terminal irradiation parts of the optical fiber 32. In addition, the cable 31 shown in the figure is an aggregate cable in which a plurality of cables are actually bundled, and the aggregate cable becomes thinner in accordance with branching. Moreover, although the position of these cables 31 is fixed using a suitable support means, illustration is abbreviate | omitted about this support means.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the growth base 22 has a two-layer structure in which a porous property portion 23 and a non-porous property portion 24 are vertically arranged, and the upper surface of the porous property portion 23 has a corrugated shape. ing. The settlement base 22 is suitable for the settlement of reef-like seaweeds, and details thereof are described in the Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-271772. Therefore, only a brief explanation is given here. In addition, as rocky seaweeds, there are Honda Walla such as Akamoku and Yamatsukimok, and Kombu such as Kajime and Arame. The settlement base 22 is manufactured by molding a mixture in which aggregate, cement and water are kneaded, and then contacting the molded body with carbonic acid to fix the alkaline component as a component insoluble in water. If desired, a part of the cement is replaced with artificial zeolite, or the molded body is impregnated with an acidic solution containing a mineral and iron ions before contacting with carbonic acid.

  The epidermis base 22 manufactured as described above has a porous property part 23 on the upper side, and an alkaline component harmful to biological growth is fixed as an insoluble component in water. Is promoted. In addition, the incorporation and growth of seaweeds are further promoted by the incorporation of artificial zeolite or the adsorption of nutrients such as minerals and iron ions. Furthermore, the corrugated shape of the upper surface promotes the cleaning action by the water flow, and accumulation of floating mud that is harmful to the seaweed growth is prevented. In addition, the kind of aggregate used for manufacture of this growth base 22 is arbitrary, and a shell, a wood chip, a waste plastic piece, etc. can be used as well as a pebble.

  In the pier 10 as the first embodiment, the sunlight collected by the light collecting device 30 is distributed on the shelf 20 through the optical fiber 32 in the cable 31, and the shelf 20 is attached to the shelf 20 from the terminal irradiation part of each optical fiber 32. Irradiation toward the raw base 22. At the same time, sunlight taken in from the window 18 provided with the transparent plate 17 provided on the floor slab portion 15 (precast plate 16) of the upper structure 12 is irradiated toward the growth base 22 of the shelf 20. Is done. That is, a sufficient amount of light necessary for the formation and growth of reef-like seaweeds is secured on the growth base 22 on the shelf 20 by irradiation from the optical fiber 32 and lighting from the window 18 of the floor slab portion 15. . On the other hand, the growth base 22 is suitable for the growth of seaweeds, and as a result, the seaweeds grow early on the upper surface of the growth base 22. In the lower water area, a seaweed shelf where seaweed grows appears early.

  In the first embodiment, in particular, the sunlight collected by the light collecting device 30 having the solar tracking mechanism is guided to the settlement base 22 through the optical fiber 32. Therefore, the sunlight can be efficiently emitted throughout the year as well as throughout the day. A seaweed shelf that can be taken in and where seaweed grows will surely appear. In the first embodiment, since the floor slab portion 15 of the upper structure 12 is formed by the precast plate 16, the precast plate 16 is removed at an appropriate timing, and the window 18 (transparent plate 17) is removed. It is possible to easily remove dust, mold, salt, and the like adhering to the window, so that the lighting from the window 18 is maintained for a long time.

  In addition, in the said embodiment, although the example which installed the one condensing device 30 was shown, of course, depending on the width of the seaweed bed shelf to be formed, it is needless to say that a plurality of concentrating devices 30 are used. is there. Moreover, the installation place of this condensing device 30 is arbitrary and may be installed on the revetment 1. Further, the window 18 provided in the floor slab portion 15 may be omitted. In this case, the number of the optical fibers 32 and the installation height of the terminal irradiating portion are appropriately set, and on the growth base 22. Ensure the necessary light intensity.

  FIG. 6 shows an environment-friendly pier as a second embodiment of the present invention. The feature of the second embodiment is that the concentrator 30 and the optical fiber 32 provided with the sun tracking mechanism that is an essential requirement in the first embodiment are omitted, and the precast that constitutes the floor slab portion 15 is provided. The light transmission duct 40 is disposed in the lower region of the plate 16 corresponding to each window 18. The light transmission duct 40 plays a role of guiding sunlight taken from the window 18 to the growth base 22 on the shelf 20, and an inner diameter thereof is set to be approximately the same as a diameter of the window 18. Further, the light transmission duct 40 is positioned at a height at which the lower end (tip) thereof is separated from the substrate 22 by a predetermined distance (about 1 m as an example) with the upper end thereof being in contact with the back surface of the precast plate 16. The overall length is set to In this case, as described above, the shelf 20 is set at a position about 4 m deeper than the tide level (LWL) at the time of low tide. Therefore, the tip end portion of the light transmission duct 40 is always immersed in the sea.

  As shown in FIG. 7, an annular mounting member (grooved steel) 41 having a U-shaped cross section is fixed to the outer periphery of the upper end portion of the light transmission duct 40, and the light transmission duct 40 is precast cast. By screwing a bolt 43 into a long bolt 42 through which the plate 16 is passed from the surface side, an upper end portion thereof is detachably fixed to the precast plate 16. An annular support member (grooved steel) 44 having a U-shaped cross section is fixed to the outer periphery of the front end portion of the light transmission duct 40, and a support arm having an L-shaped cross section is attached to the support member 44. A base end portion of (angle-shaped steel) 45 is attached using a bolt 46. Four support arms 45 are provided radially corresponding to the surrounding piles 11, and the tips of the support arms 45 are abutted against the piles 11. That is, the position of the tip of the light transmission duct 40 is fixed by abutting the four support arms 45 against the pile 11. In the second embodiment, the type of the light transmission duct 40 is arbitrary, and may be a metal tube such as a steel tube or an aluminum tube, or a plastic tube such as a polystyrene tube or a polyvinyl chloride tube.

  In the pier 10 as the second embodiment, the sunlight taken under the upper structure 12 through the window 18 provided with the transparent plate 17 does not diffuse through the light transmission duct 40 and does not diffuse. Guided to the neighborhood. Therefore, a sufficient amount of light necessary for the formation and growth of reef-like seaweeds is secured on the growth base 22 on the shelf 20, and as a result, as in the first embodiment, the upper structure 12 In the lower water area, a seaweed shelf where seaweed grows appears early. In the second embodiment, in particular, since the light transmission duct 40 having a simple shape is only disposed in the lower region of the floor slab portion 15, the first embodiment using the expensive condensing device 30 or the optical fiber 32 is used. This is advantageous in terms of cost.

Here, in each of the above-described embodiments, the floor slab portion 15 is the precast plate 16. However, in the present invention, the floor slab portion 15 may be formed on-site integrally with the columnar portion 13 and the beam portion 14. It is.
In each of the above embodiments, it has been described that the seeds of seaweed are naturally grown on the seedling base 22, but the seeds of seaweed are seeded and germinated on the seedling base 22 in advance in an onshore water tank. In this case, the seaweed shelf can be formed artificially and at an early stage.

It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the environment consideration type pier as the 1st Embodiment of this invention as a partial cross section. It is a top view which shows the structure of the environment consideration type pier shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA arrow line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the BB arrow line of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the growth base used by this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the environment consideration type pier as the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 6 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. 6, (P) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a P part in FIG. 6, and (Q) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a Q part in FIG. 6. It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional general jetty structure utilized for the berthing of a ship.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Quay wall 2 Sheet pile wall 10 Pile type pier, 11 Pile 12 Upper structure 13 Columnar part, 14 Beam part 15 Floor slab part, 16 Precast board 17 Transparent board, 18 Window 20 Shelf, 22 Establishment base 30 It is equipped with a solar tracking mechanism Concentrator 31 Cable 32 Optical fiber 40 Light transmission duct

Claims (5)

In a pile-type pier that supports an upper structure with a pile, a shelf is constructed by using the pile in a lower region of the upper structure, and an accumulation suitable for the formation of reef seaweeds on the shelf. An environment-friendly pier characterized by irradiating sunlight toward a stationary base on the shelf from a large number of optical fibers extended from a light collecting device provided with a solar tracking mechanism. 2. The environment-friendly pier according to claim 1, wherein a circular or polygonal daylighting window provided with a transparent plate is provided on the floor slab portion of the upper structure. In a pile-type pier that supports an upper structure with a pile, a shelf is constructed by using the pile in a lower region of the upper structure, and an accumulation suitable for the formation of reef seaweeds on the shelf. A base is laid, and a circular or polygonal daylighting window provided with a transparent plate is provided on the floor slab portion of the upper structure, and sunlight extracted from the window is provided in a lower region of the floor slab portion. An environment-friendly pier characterized in that a light transmission duct is provided to guide the foundation on the shelf. The environment-friendly pier according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the floor slab portion of the upper structure is formed of a precast plate. The eco-friendly jetty according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a spore of a reef-like seaweed is germinated in advance on an aquatic platform in an onshore water tank.

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