JP2007054027A - Culture substrate of algae - Google Patents

Culture substrate of algae Download PDF

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JP2007054027A
JP2007054027A JP2005265364A JP2005265364A JP2007054027A JP 2007054027 A JP2007054027 A JP 2007054027A JP 2005265364 A JP2005265364 A JP 2005265364A JP 2005265364 A JP2005265364 A JP 2005265364A JP 2007054027 A JP2007054027 A JP 2007054027A
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culture substrate
algae
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fly ash
fertilizer
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Saihatsu Ko
再発 洪
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a culture substrate of an algae, enabling the algae such as diatom containing natural organic silicic acid and blue-green algae having nitrogen-fixing ability to emerge artificially, inexpensively and efficiently in a mass in a paddy field; and to provide a siliceous fertilizer for rice farming, consisting essentially of the culture substrate, a cultivation regulator for fishery, consisting essentially of the culture substrate and usable for a culture water area for the fishery of oyster or the like, and a fertilizer or soil improver consisting essentially of the culture substrate. <P>SOLUTION: The culture substrate of the algae comprises a microbiologic agent comprising fly ash of an industrial waste and containing a large amount of silicic acid, or a mixture of the fly ash and a potassium compound, and one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of yeasts belonging to the genus Candida and/or the genus Pichia. The siliceous fertilizer for rice farming, the cultivation regulator for fishery, and the fertilizer or soil improver contains the culture substrate as a main ingredient. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、フライアッシュ（Fly ash）と微生物製剤とを含有する藻類の培養基質に関し、より具体的には、フライアッシュと、キャンディダ（Candida）属及び／又はピキア（Pichia）属に属する酵母の群から選ばれる１種または２種以上を含む微生物製剤とを含有する藻類の培養基質、該培養基質を水田に施用する稲作用珪酸質肥料、水産養殖場に施用する水産養殖用調整剤、畑に施用する肥料・土壌改良剤に関する。   The present invention relates to a culture substrate for algae containing fly ash and a microbial preparation, and more specifically, fly ash and yeast belonging to the genus Candida and / or Pichia. An algae culture substrate containing one or more microorganisms selected from the group consisting of: a rice-acting siliceous fertilizer that applies the culture substrate to a paddy field; an aquaculture adjuster that is applied to an aquaculture farm; It relates to fertilizers and soil conditioners applied to fields.

電気を安定して供給するため、石炭は他の化石燃料に比べ、供給の安定性や経済性に優れており石油代替エネルギーとして原子力に次ぐものとして位置づけられており、石炭火力発電設備は、平成１４年度末で３，３７７万ＫＷあり、平成１９年度３，９２２万ＫＷ、平成２４年度４，３１５万ＫＷになるように計画されているといわれている。このように石炭火力発電設備が増加すると、発生するフライアッシュ（石炭灰）も増加し、全国のフライアッシュ（石炭灰）の発生量は平成１４年度末の約９２０万トンが、平成１９年度末には約１，０００万トンに達するものと予測される。このように大量に発生するフライアッシュ（石炭灰）を資源として有効活用するため、研究開発が積極的に行われている。   In order to supply electricity stably, coal is superior to other fossil fuels in terms of supply stability and economy, and is positioned as the next alternative to nuclear power as an alternative energy to oil. It is said that there are 33.77 million KW at the end of 2014, planned to be 39.22 million KW in 2007 and 43.15 million KW in 2012. As coal-fired power generation facilities increase in this way, the amount of fly ash (coal ash) generated also increases, and the amount of fly ash (coal ash) generated nationwide is about 9.2 million tons at the end of 2002, the end of 2007 Is estimated to reach about 10 million tons. In order to effectively utilize such a large amount of fly ash (coal ash) generated as a resource, research and development are actively carried out.

フライアッシュの有効利用としては、その化学的・物理的性質を活かして多くの分野で使用されており、セメント混合剤、道路材、建材の利用が多く、農水産用には、フライアッシュに含まれる難溶性のケイ酸を利用するために、苛性カリ、塩基性苦土を添加して焼成して用いられ、雨水による溶脱が少なく土壌に長く留まり、根を丈夫に育て病虫害の抵抗性も高い肥料として利用されている。   Effective use of fly ash is utilized in many fields by taking advantage of its chemical and physical properties. Cement admixtures, road materials, and building materials are often used. For agriculture and fisheries, it is included in fly ash. Fertilizer with added caustic potash and basic bitter soil, which is baked with little leaching due to rainwater, stays in the soil for a long time, grows roots firmly, and has high resistance to pests It is used as.

フライアッシュなどの産業廃棄物にゼオライトやパーライト等、及び水溶性接着剤を含有する土壌の改良及び水分調節剤組成物（例えば、特許文献１参照）や、フライアッシュと、排泥土を処理して得られる固形粘土とを主原料とし、これに安定固化剤及びＰＨ調整剤、植物の生育に適する微生物等を添加してなる人工土（例えば、特許文献２参照）や、木質を含む有機質の炭素源に水および窒素源を混合し、この混合物を大気中で発酵させて腐植化する堆肥の製造方法において、前記混合物に対し、さらにフライアッシュを添加混合する木質原料堆肥の製造方法（例えば、特許文献３参照）が知られている。   Soil improvement and moisture regulator composition (for example, refer to Patent Document 1) containing zeolite, pearlite, etc. and water-soluble adhesive in industrial waste such as fly ash, fly ash and waste mud Artificial soil (for example, refer to Patent Document 2) obtained by adding the solid clay obtained as a main raw material to which a stabilizing solidifying agent and a pH adjusting agent, microorganisms suitable for plant growth, and the like, and organic carbon containing wood In a method for producing compost, in which water and nitrogen sources are mixed with a source, and the mixture is fermented in the atmosphere to humus, fly ash is added to and mixed with the mixture. Document 3) is known.

特開２００２−２５６２６６号公報JP 2002-256266 A 特開平１０−２９８４８号公報JP-A-10-29848 特開２００１−１３０９９１号公報JP 2001-130991 A

従来の人工農法では、古株やワラを土の中にすき込み、土中での急速な分解によるメタンガスの発生が水田生物の生態系や地球温暖化に影響してきたが、自然耕ではワラは水中でゆっくり分解し、このワラをもとにたくさんの藻類が発生し、水田の微小生物、小動物の住みかとなり繁殖の場となっている。藻類は不耕起栽培を初めて数年もすると毎年厚さ数センチの状態でイネ株の間を埋め尽くすようになり、その量は何トンにもなる。この藻類が不耕起栽培田の莫大な生命量を支える酸素の供給源となっており、水田の溶存酸素量は、水田の生き物たちの生命量を決め、豊かな生物相の指標となっている。不耕起栽培田では藻類から始まる生命連鎖が種の多様性だけでなく生命量まで含めて、多くの生き物の命を育んでいるといわれている。水田の生態系にある藻類は、珪藻、藍藻、緑藻などあり、特に珪藻の成分は９０％以上が有機珪酸であり、この有機珪酸はイネの出穂時期において重要な成分である。また、藍藻の繁殖により光合成による窒素の固定が大量にできることより、肥料効果をもたらす。   In the conventional artificial farming method, old stocks and straws are inserted into the soil, and the generation of methane gas by rapid decomposition in the soil has affected the ecosystem and global warming of paddy organisms. It decomposes slowly, and a lot of algae are generated based on this straw, and it becomes a place for breeding of micro-organisms and small animals in paddy fields. Algae fill up the rice strains every few centimeters every year for the first few years of no-tillage cultivation, and the amount is several tons. This algae is a source of oxygen that supports the enormous amount of life in the no-tillage field, and the dissolved oxygen amount in the paddy field determines the life amount of the creatures in the paddy field and serves as an indicator of a rich biota. Yes. In no-tillage rice fields, it is said that the life chain starting from algae nurtures the lives of many creatures, including not only the species diversity but also the amount of life. Algae in the paddy field ecosystem include diatoms, cyanobacteria, and green algae. Particularly, 90% or more of the components of diatom are organic silicic acid, and this organic silicic acid is an important component at the heading time of rice. Moreover, fertilizer effect is brought about by the large amount of nitrogen fixation by photosynthesis by the propagation of cyanobacteria.

本発明の課題は、天然の有機珪酸を含有する珪藻や、窒素固定能を有する藍藻等の藻類を、水田中に、人工的に安価で効率的かつ大量に発生させることができる藻類の培養基質や、該培養基質を主成分とする稲作用珪酸質肥料、該培養基質を主成分とする牡蠣等の水産養殖水域に用いる水産養殖調整剤、該培養基質を主成分とする肥料・土壌改良剤を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide an algae culture substrate capable of artificially and inexpensively generating a large amount of alga such as diatoms containing natural organic silicic acid and cyanobacteria having nitrogen fixing ability in paddy fields. , A siliceous fertilizer that acts as a main component of the culture substrate, an aquaculture adjuster for use in aquaculture waters such as oysters based on the culture substrate, and a fertilizer / soil improver based on the culture substrate Is to provide.

本発明者らは、産業廃棄物であるフライアッシュの主成分は珪酸であること、従来フライアッシュが土壌改良剤などにも利用されていることに注目し、また、フライアッシュのみでは不十分な効果しか奏さないことに鑑み、フライアッシュとこれと相乗的に作用するものについて多方面に亘り鋭意検討したところ、フライアッシュと、キャンディダ（Candida）属とピキア（Pichia）の複合微生物と組み合わせることにより、人工的に安価で効率的かつ大量に藻類を発生・繁殖させることができることを見い出した。また、フライアッシュにカリ肥料を混合したケイ酸質肥料に、キャンディダ（Candida）属とピキア（Pichia）の複合微生物を混合した肥料を穂肥として水稲に追肥したところ、登熟が進んでおり、穂の大きさも大きくなることを確認し、本発明を完成するに至った。   The present inventors have noted that fly ash, an industrial waste, is mainly composed of silicic acid, and that fly ash has been used as a soil conditioner and the like, and fly ash alone is not sufficient. In view of the fact that it only has an effect, we conducted extensive research on fly ash and those that act synergistically with it, and combined with fly ash and a complex microorganism of the genus Candida and Pichia. Has found that algae can be generated and propagated artificially, inexpensively, efficiently and in large quantities. In addition, when the fertilizer mixed with fly ash mixed with potash fertilizer and mixed fertilizer with Candida genus and Pichia microbial fertilizer was added to the paddy rice, ripening is progressing. It was confirmed that the size of the spike was also increased, and the present invention was completed.

すなわち本発明は、（１）ケイ酸含有物と、キャンディダ（Candida）属及び／又はピキア（Pichia）属に属する酵母の群から選ばれる１種または２種以上を含む微生物製剤とを含有することを特徴とする藻類の培養基質や、（２）ケイ酸含有物が、ケイ酸カリであることを特徴とする前記（１）記載の藻類の培養基質や、（３）ケイ酸含有物が、フライアッシュ（Fly ash）であることを特徴とする前記（１）記載の藻類の培養基質や、（４）ケイ酸含有物が、フライアッシュ（Fly ash）とカリ化合物との混合物であることを特徴とする前記（１）記載の藻類の培養基質や、（５）微生物製剤が、キャンディダ属とピキア属に属する酵母の群から選ばれる２種以上を含有する複合生菌剤であることを特徴とする前記（１）〜（４）のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質や、（６）キャンディダ属に属する酵母が、カンジダ・アルビカンス（C.albicans）であることを特徴とする前記（１）〜（５）のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質や、（７）ピキア属に属する酵母が、ピキア・メンブラナエファシエンス（P.membranaefacience）であることを特徴とする前記（１）〜（６）のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質や、（８）微生物製剤が、米ぬか及び貝殻を含有する培養基質原料を発酵させた製剤であることを特徴とする前記（１）〜（７）のいずれか記載の培養基質や、（９）微生物製剤が、培養基質原料を混合した後殺菌し、粉砕し、加水し、種菌を添加する方法からなる仕込み工程、発酵、熟成、撹拌する方法からなる発酵工程、乾燥、粉砕、製品検査・選別方法からなる仕上げ工程、及び袋詰め方法からなる包装工程を経て製造される製剤であることを特徴とする前記（１）〜（８）のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質や、（１０）フライアッシュ１００重量部に対し、０．３〜０．５重量部の微生物製剤を用いることを特徴とする前記（１）〜（９）のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質や、（１１）藻類が、珪藻、藍藻、または緑藻であることを特徴とする前記（１）〜（１０）のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質に関する。   That is, the present invention contains (1) a silicic acid-containing material and a microbial preparation containing one or more selected from the group of yeasts belonging to the genus Candida and / or Pichia. An algae culture substrate characterized in that (2) the algae culture substrate described in (1) above, wherein the silicate-containing material is potassium silicate, and (3) a silicate-containing material is The algae culture substrate according to (1) above, which is a fly ash, and (4) a silicic acid-containing material is a mixture of fly ash and a potassium compound The algal culture substrate according to (1) above, or (5) the microbial preparation is a complex viable agent containing two or more selected from the group of yeasts belonging to the genus Candida and Pichia The algae according to any one of (1) to (4) above, Or (6) the yeast belonging to the genus Candida is Candida albicans, the culture substrate for algae according to any one of (1) to (5) above, (7) The algal culture substrate according to any one of (1) to (6) above, wherein the yeast belonging to the genus Pichia is P. membranaefacience, (8) The culture substrate according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the microbial preparation is a preparation obtained by fermenting a culture substrate material containing rice bran and shells, After mixing the culture substrate raw materials, sterilize, pulverize, add water, add fermentation, fermentation process, fermentation, ripening, stirring process, drying, grinding, product inspection / selection method From process and bagging method The algae culture substrate according to any one of (1) to (8) above, wherein (10) 100 parts by weight of fly ash is 0.3 to The algae culture substrate according to any one of (1) to (9) above, wherein (5) the algae is a diatom, a cyanobacterium, or a green algae. The present invention relates to a culture substrate for algae according to any one of (1) to (10).

また本発明は、（１２）前記（１）〜（１１）のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質を主成分とすることを特徴とする稲作用珪酸質肥料や、（１３）前記（１）〜（１１）のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質を主成分とすることを特徴とする水産養殖用調整剤や、（１４）水産養殖調整剤が牡蠣の養殖用であることを特徴とする前記（１３）記載の水産養殖用調整剤や、（１５）水産養殖調整剤が淡水魚の池養殖用であることを特徴とする前記（１３）記載の水産養殖用調整剤や、（１６）前記（１）〜（１１）のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質を含有することを特徴とする肥料・土壌改良剤に関する。   The present invention also includes (12) a rice silicic acid fertilizer characterized by comprising as a main component an algae culture substrate described in any one of (1) to (11), and (13) (1) to (1) above. (11) The aquaculture culture regulator characterized by comprising the algae culture substrate according to any one of (11) and (14) the aquaculture culture regulation agent for oyster culture (13) The aquaculture adjuster described in (13), (15) The aquaculture adjuster described in (13) above, wherein the aquaculture adjuster is used for freshwater fish pond culture, and (16) the (1 ) To a fertilizer / soil improver comprising the algal culture substrate according to any one of (11) to (11).

本発明によると、フライアッシュの本来の土壌や水中、生態系に及ぼす有害問題を解消すると共に、生態系の固有菌群のバランスの調整、特に好気性菌群の成長維持に機能し、良好な自然サイクルを促進せしめ、具体的には、本発明の藻類の培養基質を、水田等に施用することにより、完全な自然農法とはいかないまでもそれに近い藻類の発生を人工的に安価で効率的かつ大量に発生せしめて、イネ等の生育を良好にし、あるいは牡蠣等の水産養殖に良い影響をもたらし、かつ安価であり、環境に対し安全で、安定した培養基質を提供することができる。また、カリ肥料を併用すると、稲の収穫を大きく向上させることができる。   According to the present invention, it solves the harmful problems of fly ash on the original soil, water, and ecosystem, and also functions to adjust the balance of endemic bacterial groups in the ecosystem, particularly to maintain the growth of aerobic bacterial groups. By promoting the natural cycle, specifically, by applying the algae culture substrate of the present invention to paddy fields, etc., the generation of algae close to that is artificially cheap and efficient even if it is not completely natural farming. In addition, it can be produced in large quantities to improve the growth of rice and the like, or to have a positive effect on aquaculture such as oysters, and is inexpensive, safe for the environment, and can provide a stable culture substrate. In addition, the combined use of potash fertilizer can greatly improve rice harvest.

本発明の藻類の培養基質としては、ケイ酸含有物と、キャンディダ（Candida）属及び／又はピキア（Pichia）属に属する酵母の群から選ばれる１種または２種以上を含む微生物製剤とを含有するものであれば特に制限されるものではなく、ケイ酸含有物としては、ケイ酸カリや、フライアッシュ（Fly ash）や、フライアッシュ（Fly ash）とカリ化合物との混合物を挙げることができるが、フライアッシュ（Fly ash）や、フライアッシュ（Fly ash）とＫＯ２などのカリ化合物との混合物を好適に例示することができる。 The algae culture substrate of the present invention includes a silicic acid-containing substance and a microorganism preparation containing one or more selected from the group of yeasts belonging to the genus Candida and / or Pichia. It is not particularly limited as long as it is contained. Examples of the silicic acid-containing material include potassium silicate, fly ash, and a mixture of fly ash and a potassium compound. Suitable examples include fly ash and a mixture of fly ash and a potassium compound such as KO 2 .

上記微生物製剤としては、キャンディダ（Candida）属とピキア（Pichia）属に属する２種以上の酵母、すなわちキャンディダ属に属する１種以上の酵母と、ピキア属に属する１種以上の酵母とを含有する複合生菌剤であることが好ましい。キャンディダ属に属する微生物には、カンジダ アルビカンス（C.albicans）、カンジダ リポリチカ（C.lipolytica）、カンジダ トロピカリス（C.tropicalis）,カンジダ ユーティリス（C.utillis）を代表的なものとして挙げることができるが、その他、C.albicans var.stellatoidea, C.catenulata,Candida curvata, C. famata, C.glabrata, C.guilliermondii, C.humicola, C.intermedia, C. kefyr, C. krusei, C.loxderi, C. macedoniensis, C.magnoliae, C.maltosa, C. melinii, C. nitratophila, C.parapsilosis, C.pelliculosa, C.pintolopesii, C. pinus, C.pulcherrima, C.robusta, C.rugosa, C.zeylanoidesを挙げることができる。ピキア（Pichia）属に属する耐塩性酵母菌は、有胞子酵母（Endomycetaceae科）の一属で、細胞は卵円形ないし円筒形で多極性出芽増殖する。大部分の種類は仮性菌糸を形成し、真正菌糸はごく少数にみられる。胞子はハンゼヌラ（Hansenura）と同様に球形、山高帽子形、土星形を示す。含糖液の表面にしばしば皮膜を形成しない種類もあり、硝酸塩は資化しない。ピキア メンブラナエファシエンス（Pichia membranaefacience）は代表的な種で、エタノールを消費し、糖の発酵性はないが、あってもグルコースをわずかに発酵するのみで、漬物液の表面に皮膜をつくる。その他、Pichia farinosa、Pichia fermentans、Pichia pinus、Pichia subpelliculosaを挙げることができる。   The microbial preparation includes two or more yeasts belonging to the genus Candida and Pichia, that is, one or more yeasts belonging to the genus Candida and one or more yeasts belonging to the genus Pichia. It is preferable that it is a complex live bacteria agent to contain. Candida albicans, C. lipolytica, C. tropicalis, C. utillis are listed as representative examples of microorganisms belonging to the genus Candida. C. albicans var.stellatoidea, C.catenulata, Candida curvata, C. famata, C.glabrata, C.guilliermondii, C.humicola, C.intermedia, C. kefyr, C. krusei, C. loxderi, C. macedoniensis, C. magnoliae, C. maltosa, C. melinii, C. nitratophila, C. parapsilosis, C. pelliculosa, C. pintolopesii, C. pinus, C. pulcherrima, C. robusta, C. rugosa, C. zeylanoides can be mentioned. The salt-tolerant yeast belonging to the genus Pichia is a genus of sporic yeast (Endomycetaceae family), and the cells are oval or cylindrical and multipolar budding and proliferating. Most types form pseudohyphae and very few true hyphae. Spores, like Hansenura, are spherical, bowler hat, and Saturn. Some types often do not form a film on the surface of the sugar-containing liquid, and nitrates are not assimilated. Pichia membranaefacience is a typical species that consumes ethanol and has no fermentability of sugar, but it produces a film on the surface of pickled liquor by only slightly fermenting glucose. . Other examples include Pichia farinosa, Pichia fermentans, Pichia pinus, and Pichia subpelliculosa.

本発明の微生物製剤には、その他の酵母を添加することもでき、例えば、サッカロミセス・セレビシエ（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）、サッカロミセス・ヤポニカス（Saccharomyces japonicus）等を挙げることができる。さらに、本発明の微生物製剤に、バチルス（Bacillus）属、ラクトバチルス（Lactobacillus）属、ストレプトコッカス（Streptococcus）属等に属する細菌類を添加、使用することができる。例えば、バチルス属の微生物としては、バチルス・ズブチリス（B.subtilis）、バチルス・メガテリウム（B.megaterium）、バチルス・セレウス（B.cereus）などを、ラクトバチルス属の微生物としては、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィルス(L.acidophilus)、ラクトバチルス・プランタルム(L.plantarum)、ラクトバチルス・ブレビス(L.brevis)、ラクトバチルス・カセイ（L.casei）等などを、ストレプトコッカス属の微生物としては、ストレプトコッカス・フエカリス(St.faecalis)、ストレプトコッカス・ラクティス（St.lactis）、ストレプトコッカス・サーモフィラス(St.thermophilus)等を挙げることができる。その他、アスペルギルス属やリゾップス属に属する糸状菌や、硫黄バクテリア、マンガン還元バクテリア、マンガン酸化バクテリア、アンモニア酸化バクテリア、ニトロバクテリア、メタン酸化バクテリア、放線菌等を加えてもよい。   Other yeasts can be added to the microorganism preparation of the present invention, and examples thereof include Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces japonicus. Furthermore, bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus, the genus Lactobacillus, the genus Streptococcus and the like can be added to the microorganism preparation of the present invention. For example, the microorganisms belonging to the genus Bacillus include B. subtilis, B. megaterium, B. cereus and the like, and the Lactobacillus microorganisms include Lactobacillus acidophilus. (L. acidophilus), Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), Lactobacillus brevis (L.brevis), Lactobacillus casei (L.casei), etc. St. faecalis), Streptococcus lactis, St. thermophilus, and the like. In addition, filamentous fungi belonging to the genus Aspergillus or Rhizopus, sulfur bacteria, manganese-reducing bacteria, manganese-oxidizing bacteria, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nitrobacteria, methane-oxidizing bacteria, actinomycetes, etc. may be added.

フライアッシュは、通常の石炭火力発電所から発生する、フライアッシュとして排出されたものを用いることができる。   As the fly ash, fly ash discharged from a normal coal-fired power plant can be used.

本発明の対象とする、代表的藻類として珪藻、藍藻、または緑藻が挙げられる。珪藻は、細胞壁が二酸化ケイ素でできているのが特徴であり、単細胞だが、茎又は枝状の群体となることもある。細胞壁はほぼ同型の二つの部分からなり、箱本体と蓋のように両者が入れ子になっている。細胞壁にはセルロースもいくらか含まれるが、基本的には二酸化ケイ素でできているため、硬さがあり、精巧にほりこまれた溝模様がみられる。細胞質には葉緑体も含まれるが、黄色っぽい色素を含むため黄褐色に見える。珪藻の種類は８０００種以上あり、そのほとんどは淡水池の中や、海洋の上層にいる。   Representative algae targeted by the present invention include diatoms, cyanobacteria, and green algae. Diatoms are characterized by the fact that their cell walls are made of silicon dioxide and are unicellular, but they can also form stalk or branch-like clusters. The cell wall consists of two parts of almost the same type, and both are nested like a box body and a lid. The cell wall also contains some cellulose, but it is basically made of silicon dioxide, so it is stiff and has an elaborate groove pattern. The cytoplasm contains chloroplasts, but appears yellowish brown because it contains a yellowish pigment. There are over 8000 types of diatoms, most of which are in freshwater ponds or in the upper layers of the ocean.

藍藻は、細菌と同様に核膜を持たないため、シアノバクテリアまたは青緑色細菌とも呼ばれ、光合成を行うことが藻類として分類される根拠となっている。細菌と同様にいたるところに生息している。水中や地上はもとより、７０℃を越える温泉や、砂漠の岩の割れ目などの環境にもいる。このように多種類の種があり、空中窒素を固定して水田のような生息環境を肥沃にする種もある。   Since cyanobacteria do not have a nuclear membrane like bacteria, they are also called cyanobacteria or blue-green bacteria, and the basis for photosynthesis is the basis for classification as algae. It lives everywhere as well as bacteria. Not only in the water and on the ground, but also in hot springs that exceed 70 ° C and desert rock cracks. There are many kinds of species like this, and there are species that fix air nitrogen and make the habitat like paddy fields fertile.

本発明の微生物製剤を得るには、例えば、培養基質原料を混合した後殺菌し、粉砕し、加水し、キャンディダ属とピキア属に属する酵母等の種菌を添加する方法からなる仕込み工程、主発酵する発酵、それに続く熟成、撹拌する方法からなる発酵工程、乾燥、粉砕、製品検査・選別方法からなる仕上げ工程、及び袋詰め方法からなる包装工程を経て製造されることが好ましい。   In order to obtain the microbial preparation of the present invention, for example, a preparation step comprising a method of adding a seed material such as yeast belonging to the genus Candida and Pichia, sterilizing, pulverizing, adding water after mixing the culture substrate raw materials, It is preferably manufactured through a fermentation process consisting of fermentation to ferment, subsequent aging, a stirring process, drying, pulverization, a finishing process consisting of a product inspection / selection method, and a packaging process consisting of a bagging method.

培養基質原料として、大豆粕、大豆胚芽、小麦フスマ、醤油粕、ポテトパルプ、こんにゃくトビ粉、卵殻、貝殻、骨粉、天然鉱石等を１種又は２種以上用いることができるが、米ぬかと貝殻（牡蠣ガラ）粉末とを、例えば重量基準で１０：９０〜９０：１０の割合、好ましくは４０：６０〜６０：４０の割合で混合して用いることが好ましい。前記培養基質原料を殺菌して用いることが雑菌等の混入を防ぐことができ好ましく、通常の殺菌方法、すなわち加圧水蒸気殺菌等の加熱殺菌を採用することができる。   As a culture substrate material, soybean bran, soybean germ, wheat bran, soy sauce cake, potato pulp, konjac tobi powder, eggshell, shell, bone powder, natural ore, etc. can be used. It is preferable to use a mixture of (oyster galley) powder, for example, in a ratio of 10:90 to 90:10, preferably in a ratio of 40:60 to 60:40 on a weight basis. It is preferable to sterilize and use the culture substrate raw material because it can prevent contamination of germs and the like, and a normal sterilization method, that is, heat sterilization such as pressurized steam sterilization can be employed.

上記発酵工程は、温度２０〜４０℃、好ましくは、２５〜３２℃、ｐＨ４．０〜６．５、好ましくは、約ｐＨ５．０で、非通気下又は通気下１〜２ヶ月発酵させ、その後熟成を１〜３ヶ月行い、熟成の間、撹拌を１ヶ月１度の割合で行う。撹拌は、発酵槽内に付設された撹拌羽根等により行うことができる。発酵終了後、増殖した微生物を含む発酵物を乾燥、粉砕し、その後製品検査・選別し、例えば、２０ｋｇ入り、５００ｋｇ入りの袋詰めをし、包装して微生物製剤入りの包装物を得ることができる。   The fermentation step is performed at a temperature of 20 to 40 ° C., preferably 25 to 32 ° C., pH 4.0 to 6.5, preferably about pH 5.0, and fermented for 1 to 2 months under non-aeration or aeration. Aging is performed for 1 to 3 months, and stirring is performed once a month during the aging. Stirring can be performed with a stirring blade attached to the fermenter. After fermentation, fermented material containing the grown microorganisms is dried, crushed, then inspected and sorted, for example, 20kg and 500kg bags are packed and packaged to obtain a package containing the microorganism preparation. it can.

本発明の藻類の培養基質としては、フライアッシュと上記微生物製剤とを、フライアッシュ１０００ｋｇに対し、微生物製剤３〜５ｋｇ（０．３〜０．５％）の割合で混合する。微生物製剤を０．３〜０．５％の割合で混合すると、フライアッシュと微生物製剤の両者がバランスよく作用し、結果的に藻類の培養基質としての効果を十分に発揮することができる。微生物製剤が０．３％重量未満の場合には藻類の発生に時間がかかりすぎる恐れがあり、また０．５重量％を越える場合には、コストアップとなる。本発明の藻類の培養基質は、フライアッシュのみでは土壌や水中、生態系に有害な作用を引き起こすが、この問題を解消することができ、生態系の固有菌群のバランスの調整役として、水田、畑などに施用することにより良い自然リサイクルを促進することができる。   As the algae culture substrate of the present invention, fly ash and the above microbial preparation are mixed at a ratio of 3 to 5 kg (0.3 to 0.5%) of microbial preparation with respect to 1000 kg of fly ash. When the microbial preparation is mixed at a ratio of 0.3 to 0.5%, both fly ash and the microbial preparation act in a balanced manner, and as a result, the effect as an algae culture substrate can be sufficiently exhibited. If the microbial preparation is less than 0.3% by weight, it may take too much time to generate algae, and if it exceeds 0.5% by weight, the cost increases. The algal culture substrate of the present invention causes harmful effects on soil, water, and ecosystems only with fly ash, but this problem can be solved. Good natural recycling can be promoted by applying to fields.

本発明の藻類の培養基質を水田に施用する稲作用珪酸質肥料として用いる場合は、稲の発育状態、稲の発育段階、気候の異変、水田自体の特性の違いにより、面積単位当たりの散布量は相違するが、通常、３００〜５００ｋｇ／ｈａ散布する。稲作用珪酸質肥料として用いると、水田中の珪藻が大量に発生し、それに伴う有機珪酸の豊富化は出穂時期には有効に作用し、また、藍藻の繁殖により窒素の固定が大量にでき、稲の生育が良くなり、結局米の収穫につながる。   When using the algae culture substrate of the present invention as a siliceous fertilizer for rice applied to paddy fields, the amount of application per unit of area depends on the growth status of the rice, the stage of rice development, the change in climate, and the characteristics of the paddy itself. Although it is different, usually 300-500 kg / ha is sprayed. When used as a rice siliceous fertilizer, a large amount of diatoms in paddy fields are generated, and the accompanying enrichment of organic silicic acid works effectively at the heading time, and a large amount of nitrogen can be fixed by breeding cyanobacteria. Rice grows better and eventually leads to rice harvest.

本発明の藻類の培養基質を水産養殖用調整剤として、特に牡蠣の養殖に用いる場合、牡蠣の発育期に用いることが好ましい。通常３００〜５００ｋｇ／ｈａ散布する。牡蠣のエサは天然の珪藻が主食であり、本発明を使用することにより、珪藻の大量繁殖をもたらし、牡蠣の成長を助ける。   It is preferable to use the algal culture substrate of the present invention as an aquaculture-adjusting agent, particularly when oysters are cultivated, especially during oyster development. Usually, 300-500 kg / ha is sprayed. Oyster feed is a staple food of natural diatoms, and by using the present invention, mass production of diatoms is brought about to help oysters grow.

本発明の藻類の培養基質を肥料・土壌改良剤として用いる場合は、作物の種類、作物の発育状態、作物の発育段階、季節、畑地の特性等により散布量を決めることができる。通常３００〜５００ｋｇ／ｈａ散布する。乾燥しやすい土壌には、地衣類の発生繁殖を促し、砂漠化を防止することができる。   When the algal culture substrate of the present invention is used as a fertilizer / soil improver, the amount of application can be determined according to the type of crop, the state of growth of the crop, the stage of growth of the crop, the season, the characteristics of the field, and the like. Usually, 300-500 kg / ha is sprayed. The dry soil can promote the growth and reproduction of lichens and prevent desertification.

以下、実施例により本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明の技術的範囲はこれらの例示に限定されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention more concretely, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to these illustrations.

（微生物製剤の製造方法）
米ぬか（水分１０％）１００重量部と貝殻（牡蠣粉末水分８％）１００重量部を混合し、この混合物を加圧水蒸気殺菌し、粉砕した。この混合物２００重量部に対し８０重量部の水を加えた。ここへ、ピキア・メンブラナエファシエンスとカンジダ・アルビカンス（市販の酵母類メーカ或いは自社製よりの酵母を使用）との混合物２８０重量部添加した。１ヶ月半、３５℃、ｐＨ６．０で静置発酵させた。その後、４ヶ月熟成し、その間１ヶ月に１度の割合で撹拌した。熟成後、乾燥室において生菌状態を保持する温度で乾燥し、粉砕して、微生物製剤１８０重量部を得た。 (Manufacturing method of microbial preparation)
100 parts by weight of rice bran (moisture 10%) and 100 parts by weight of shell (8% of oyster powder moisture) were mixed, and this mixture was sterilized by pressure steam and pulverized. 80 parts by weight of water was added to 200 parts by weight of this mixture. To this, 280 parts by weight of a mixture of Pichia membranha efaciens and Candida albicans (commercial yeast manufacturer or in-house manufactured yeast) was added. It was allowed to stand and ferment at 35 ° C. and pH 6.0 for 1 and a half months. Thereafter, the mixture was aged for 4 months, and stirred at a rate of once per month. After aging, it was dried at a temperature that maintained the viable state in a drying chamber and pulverized to obtain 180 parts by weight of a microbial preparation.

（藻類の培養基質）
火力発電所より排出されたフライアッシュ１０００ｋｇに、実施例１により得られた微生物製剤４ｋｇを混合機により混合して、本発明の藻類の培養基質であるバイオフライアッシュ（Bio Flyash）（ＢＦＡと略称する場合がある）１４０４ｋｇを得た。上記使用したフライアッシュの組成を表１に示す。 (Algal culture substrate)
The fly ash (1000 kg) discharged from the thermal power plant was mixed with 4 kg of the microbial preparation obtained in Example 1 using a mixer, and the algae culture substrate of the present invention, Bio Flyash (abbreviated as BFA). 1404 kg was obtained. The composition of the fly ash used above is shown in Table 1.

（植物プランクトン調査）
地下水に本発明のバイオフライアッシュ（ＢＦＡ）を０．０５ｋｇ／ｍ２に散布し１４日間、２８℃で培養した。また、比較例として無散布の地下水を同一の条件で実験した。両者の、黄色植物（門）珪藻（綱）４種と緑藻植物（門）緑藻＆藍藻（綱）７種についてその増殖数を調査し、その結果を表２に示す。 (Phytoplankton survey)
The ground fly was sprayed with the biofly ash (BFA) of the present invention at 0.05 kg / m 2 and cultured at 28 ° C. for 14 days. As a comparative example, non-sprayed groundwater was tested under the same conditions. The growth numbers of four types of yellow plants (gates) diatoms (classes) and green algae plants (gates) green algae & cyanobacteria (classes) were investigated, and the results are shown in Table 2.

表２より、本発明のバイオフライアッシュを添加したＢＦＡ培養水は、これを散布しない地下水と比べて顕著に珪藻、緑藻＆藍藻の増殖していることが分る。なお、フライアッシュのみを使用すると、藻類の発芽は遅く、また共生菌（キャンディダとピキアなど）がないので、発芽が少なく、藻類の群生にまで至らない。   From Table 2, it can be seen that the BFA culture water to which the bio fly ash according to the present invention is added proliferates diatoms, green algae & cyanobacteria remarkably as compared to the groundwater without spraying this. If only fly ash is used, germination of algae is slow, and since there are no commensal bacteria (such as Candida and Pichia), there is little germination and algae is not grown.

（稲作用珪酸質肥料）
水田用池に本発明のバイオフライアッシュ（ＢＦＡ）を５０ｋｇ／ａ散布し、比較例として地下水を散布した。散布時の状態を撮った写真を図１のＡに示す。次にＢＦＡ散布１２日後に撮った写真を図１のＢに示す。写真図１のＢの時の藻類を拡大して撮った写真を図１のＣに示す。なお、フライアッシュのみを使用すると、水田の中に天然の数多い雑藻類がおり、珪藻、藍藻など善玉藻の優生群が発生しにくくなり、代わりに悪い藻が同時に大量に発生する。 (Rice action silicic fertilizer)
The paddy field pond was sprayed with 50 kg / a of the bio fly ash (BFA) of the present invention, and groundwater was sprayed as a comparative example. The photograph which took the state at the time of dispersion | distribution is shown to A of FIG. Next, a photograph taken 12 days after BFA spraying is shown in FIG. Photo A photograph taken by enlarging the algae at B in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. In addition, when only fly ash is used, there are many natural algae in the paddy field, and it is difficult to generate eugenic groups of good algae such as diatoms and cyanobacteria, and instead, a large amount of bad algae are generated at the same time.

図１Ａでは、田に水を張った状態であり、図１Ｂは、一面に緑色になっており、藻類が大量発生したことが分る。図１Ｃは、藻類の拡大したもので、藻類が生長したものであることが分る。   In FIG. 1A, the rice field is filled with water, and FIG. 1B is green on one side, indicating that a large amount of algae has occurred. FIG. 1C shows that the algae are enlarged and that the algae have grown.

（水稲穂肥試験）
出穂前のひとめぼれ（無化学肥料・減農薬栽培（除草剤１回使用）；６０本／ｍ２）を以下の４区に分けて水稲穂肥試験を実施した。比較区及び試験区は肥料散布機で各肥料を穂肥として追肥し、約５週間後に調査した。調査結果の写真を図２及び図３に示す。
・ 穂肥無施用対照区
・ 微生物製剤単独施肥比較区（１０ａ当たり１ｋｇ）
・ ケイ酸カリ単独施肥比較区（１０ａ当たり２０ｋｇ）
・ 微生物製剤・ケイ酸カリ混合施肥試験区（１０ａ当たり１ｋｇ・２０ｋｇ） (Paddy rice fertilizer test)
The rice head fertilization test was carried out by dividing the pre-heading glaze (no chemical fertilizer / reduced pesticide cultivation (use herbicide once); 60 / m 2 ) into the following 4 sections. In the comparison plot and the test plot, each fertilizer was supplemented with a fertilizer spreader as panicle and investigated after about 5 weeks. Photographs of the survey results are shown in FIGS.
・ No control for fertilizer application ・ Comparison for single application of microorganism preparation (1kg per 10a)
・ Potassium silicate fertilizer comparison section (20kg per 10a)
・ Microbial preparation ・ Potassium silicate fertilization test area (1kg / 20kg per 10a)

上記ケイ酸カリ肥料は、実施例２のフライアッシュに水酸化亜カリウムとマグネシウム源を添加・混合して造粒したものを乾燥後、焼成後篩い分けしたもので、く溶性加里２０％、可溶性珪酸３０％、く溶性苦土４％、く溶性ホウ素０．１％、石炭５〜８％、鉄５〜８％を含んでいる。なお、微生物製剤・ケイ酸カリ混合肥料は施肥の４日前から混合していたものを用いた。   The potassium silicate fertilizer is a granulated product obtained by adding and mixing potassium hydroxide and magnesium sources to fly ash of Example 2, dried, sieved after firing, soluble potassium 20%, soluble silicic acid It contains 30%, soluble porcelain 4%, soluble boron 0.1%, coal 5-8%, iron 5-8%. In addition, the microbial preparation / potassium silicate mixed fertilizer used was mixed from 4 days before fertilization.

図２から、１）穂肥無施用対照区（図２上段）に比べて、４）微生物製剤・ケイ酸カリ混合施肥試験区（図２下段）では、葉の数が多く、茎が太く、登熟が進んでおり、穂の大きさも３割ほど大きいことがわかる。また、図３の上段左は２）微生物製剤単独施肥比較区を示し、上段右は３）ケイ酸カリ単独施肥比較区を示す。図３の中段の左右及び下段右は生育状態を示し、共に左から順次、２）微生物製剤単独施肥比較区、３）ケイ酸カリ単独施肥比較区、４）微生物製剤・ケイ酸カリ混合施肥試験区、１）穂肥無施用対照区を示す。図３の下段の上左は４）微生物製剤・ケイ酸カリ混合施肥試験区を、上右は１）穂肥無施用対照区を示し、下段の下は４）微生物製剤・ケイ酸カリ混合施肥試験区の根の生育状態を示している。これらの写真から、４）微生物製剤・ケイ酸カリ混合施肥試験区では、１）穂肥無施用対照区ばかりでなく、２）微生物製剤単独施肥比較区や３）ケイ酸カリ単独施肥比較区に比べても、根がしっかりと太く、葉の数が多く、茎が太く、登熟が進んでおり、穂の大きさも大きいことがわかる。   From FIG. 2, 1) Compared with the control group without applying fertilizer (upper part of FIG. 2), 4) In the microorganism preparation / potassium silicate mixed fertilization test group (lower part of FIG. 2), the number of leaves is large and the stem is thick. It can be seen that ripening is progressing and the size of the ear is about 30% larger. In addition, the upper left of FIG. 3 shows 2) a comparative preparation for fertilization with a single microorganism preparation, and the upper right shows 3) a comparative application for fertilization with potassium silicate alone. The right and left of the middle part of FIG. 3 and the lower right part show the growth state, both from left to right, 2) Fertilizer application comparison group alone, 3) Potassium silicate fertilization comparison part, 4) Microbial preparation / potassium silicate fertilization test 1) Shows the control area without application of Hoti. The upper left of Fig. 3 shows the 4) microbial preparation / potassium silicate mixed fertilization test section, the upper right shows the 1) no-fertilizer control section, and the lower section shows 4) the microbial preparation / potassium silicate mixed fertilizer. It shows the growth of roots in the test area. From these photographs, 4) In the microbial preparation / potassium silicate mixed fertilization test area, not only 1) the control area without fertilization but also 2) the microbial preparation alone fertilization comparison section and 3) the potassium silicate single fertilization comparison section. By comparison, it can be seen that the roots are thick and the number of leaves is large, the stems are thick, the ripening is progressing, and the size of the ears is large.

本発明のバイオフライアッシュ（ＢＦＡ）による藻類の発生試験を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the generation | occurrence | production test of the algae by the bio fly ash (BFA) of this invention. 本発明の微生物製剤・ケイ酸カリ混合施肥した試験区と、穂肥無施用の対照区の水稲穂肥試験の結果を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the result of the paddy rice ear fertilization test of the test group which applied fertilizer mixing of the microbe preparation of this invention and potassium silicate, and the control group which is not applied with panicle. 本発明の微生物製剤・ケイ酸カリ混合施肥した試験区と、微生物製剤単独施肥の比較区と、ケイ酸カリ単独施肥の比較区と、穂肥無施用の対照区の水稲穂肥試験の結果を示す図である。The results of the paddy rice ear fertilization test of the test group in which the microbial preparation / potassium silicate mixed fertilization of the present invention, the comparison section of the fertilizer alone fertilization, the comparison section of the fertilization of potassium silicate alone, and the control section without panicle application FIG.

Claims (16)

ケイ酸含有物と、キャンディダ（Candida）属及び／又はピキア（Pichia）属に属する酵母の群から選ばれる１種または２種以上を含む微生物製剤とを含有することを特徴とする藻類の培養基質。 An algae culture medium comprising a silicic acid-containing material and a microorganism preparation containing one or more selected from the group of yeasts belonging to the genus Candida and / or Pichia quality. ケイ酸含有物が、ケイ酸カリであることを特徴とする請求項１記載の藻類の培養基質。 2. The algal culture substrate according to claim 1, wherein the silicic acid-containing material is potassium silicate. ケイ酸含有物が、フライアッシュ（Fly ash）であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の藻類の培養基質。 2. The algal culture substrate according to claim 1, wherein the silicic acid-containing material is fly ash. ケイ酸含有物が、フライアッシュ（Fly ash）とカリ化合物との混合物であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の藻類の培養基質。 2. The algal culture substrate according to claim 1, wherein the silicic acid-containing material is a mixture of fly ash and a potassium compound. 微生物製剤が、キャンディダ属とピキア属に属する酵母の群から選ばれる２種以上を含有する複合生菌剤であることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質。 The algal culture substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the microbial preparation is a complex viable agent containing two or more selected from the group of yeasts belonging to the genus Candida and Pichia. キャンディダ属に属する酵母が、カンジダ・アルビカンス（C.albicans）であることを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質。 6. The algal culture substrate according to claim 1, wherein the yeast belonging to the genus Candida is C. albicans. ピキア属に属する酵母が、ピキア・メンブラナエファシエンス（P.membranaefacience）
であることを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質。 The yeast belonging to the genus Pichia is P. membranaefacience.
The culture substrate for algae according to claim 1, wherein the culture substrate is algae. 微生物製剤が、米ぬか及び貝殻を含有する培養基質原料を発酵させた製剤であることを特徴とする請求項１〜７のいずれか記載の培養基質。 The culture substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the microorganism preparation is a preparation obtained by fermenting a raw material for culture substrate containing rice bran and shells. 微生物製剤が、培養基質原料を混合した後殺菌し、粉砕し、加水し、種菌を添加する方法からなる仕込み工程、発酵、熟成、撹拌する方法からなる発酵工程、乾燥、粉砕、製品検査・選別方法からなる仕上げ工程、及び袋詰め方法からなる包装工程を経て製造される製剤であることを特徴とする請求項１〜８のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質。 Microbial preparation is sterilized after mixing the culture substrate raw material, pulverized, hydrated, fermentation process consisting of adding inoculum, fermentation process consisting of fermentation, aging, stirring method, drying, pulverization, product inspection / selection The algal culture substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is a preparation produced through a finishing step comprising a method and a packaging step comprising a bagging method. フライアッシュ１００重量部に対し、０．３〜０．５重量部の微生物製剤を用いることを特徴とする請求項３〜９のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質。 The culture substrate for algae according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein 0.3 to 0.5 parts by weight of a microbial preparation is used with respect to 100 parts by weight of fly ash. 藻類が、珪藻、藍藻、または緑藻であることを特徴とする請求項１〜１０のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質。 The algae culture substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the algae is diatom, cyanobacteria, or green algae. 請求項１〜１１のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質を主成分とすることを特徴とする稲作用珪酸質肥料。 The rice action siliceous fertilizer which has as a main component the culture substrate of algae in any one of Claims 1-11. 請求項１〜１１のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質を主成分とすることを特徴とする水産養殖用調整剤。 An aquaculture adjuster comprising the algae culture substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 11 as a main component. 水産養殖調整剤が牡蠣の養殖用であることを特徴とする請求項１３記載の水産養殖用調整剤。 The aquaculture preparation according to claim 13, wherein the aquaculture preparation is for oyster cultivation. 水産養殖調整剤が淡水魚の池養殖用であることを特徴とする請求項１３記載の水産養殖用調整剤。 The aquaculture preparation according to claim 13, wherein the aquaculture preparation is for pond cultivation of freshwater fish. 請求項１〜１１のいずれか記載の藻類の培養基質を含有することを特徴とする肥料・土壌改良剤。 A fertilizer / soil improver comprising the algal culture substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2007139162A1 (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Incorporated Administrative Agency Fisheries Research Agency Agent for supplying silicic acid component to algae and method of supplying silicic acid component to algae
KR100854588B1 (en) * 2007-06-19 2008-08-27 김현구 Improvement conditioner for bottom material of farm
US20100077654A1 (en) * 2008-09-23 2010-04-01 LiveFuels, Inc. Systems and methods for producing biofuels from algae
CN102674912A (en) * 2012-05-22 2012-09-19 北京地福来科技发展有限公司 Biological compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof
US8753851B2 (en) 2009-04-17 2014-06-17 LiveFuels, Inc. Systems and methods for culturing algae with bivalves
JP2015144570A (en) * 2014-01-31 2015-08-13 株式会社ユーグレナ Methods for culturing euglena and culture fluid therefor
US9487716B2 (en) 2011-05-06 2016-11-08 LiveFuels, Inc. Sourcing phosphorus and other nutrients from the ocean via ocean thermal energy conversion systems
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007139162A1 (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Incorporated Administrative Agency Fisheries Research Agency Agent for supplying silicic acid component to algae and method of supplying silicic acid component to algae
AU2007268589B2 (en) * 2006-05-31 2013-05-23 Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd. Agent for supplying silicic acid component to algae and method of supplying silicic acid component to algae
KR100854588B1 (en) * 2007-06-19 2008-08-27 김현구 Improvement conditioner for bottom material of farm
US20100077654A1 (en) * 2008-09-23 2010-04-01 LiveFuels, Inc. Systems and methods for producing biofuels from algae
US8753851B2 (en) 2009-04-17 2014-06-17 LiveFuels, Inc. Systems and methods for culturing algae with bivalves
US9487716B2 (en) 2011-05-06 2016-11-08 LiveFuels, Inc. Sourcing phosphorus and other nutrients from the ocean via ocean thermal energy conversion systems
CN102674912A (en) * 2012-05-22 2012-09-19 北京地福来科技发展有限公司 Biological compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof
JP2015144570A (en) * 2014-01-31 2015-08-13 株式会社ユーグレナ Methods for culturing euglena and culture fluid therefor
CN108977401A (en) * 2018-08-17 2018-12-11 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 Using the method for lignocellulosic culture microalgae
CN108977401B (en) * 2018-08-17 2021-09-28 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 Method for culturing microalgae by adopting lignocellulose
CN113632701A (en) * 2021-09-18 2021-11-12 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 Application of diatom in rice planting and cultivation method for rice diatom symbiosis
CN113632701B (en) * 2021-09-18 2022-11-04 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 Application of diatom in rice planting and cultivation method for rice diatom symbiosis

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