JP2007017114A - Waste oil combustion boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste oil combustion boiler capable of burning waste oil disposed as an industrial waste to supply hot water. <P>SOLUTION: This waste oil combustion boiler is provided with a lower structure with an inside divided by a partitioning wall extended along a horizontal direction, a combustion cylinder arranged on the partitioning wall and having an opened upper end, a plurality of stages of holes for flow-in of primary combustion air provided over the whole circumference of a side wall in a lower part of the combustion cylinder, a diameter-contracted body arranged in a portion more upper than the uppermost hole inside the combustion cylinder to narrow an inside diameter of the combustion cylinder, an upper structure arranged in an upper end of the lower structure, and having an opened lower end and an upper end closed in a top wall, and a boiler main body arranged in the upper end of the lower structure to cover the whole upper structure, and having an upper end closed in the top wall, the waste oil supplied to the lowest part of the combustion cylinder is burnt while making the primary combustion air flow into a portion lower than the diameter-contracted body of the combustion cylinder as a vortex flow, and secondary combustion air flow is made to flow into the upper structure via the holes provided in the partitioning wall to burn the waste oil further. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention generally relates to boilers. More specifically, the present invention relates to a waste oil combustion boiler for supplying warm water by burning waste oil that is industrial waste.

  Mineral waste oil such as used engine oil generated by construction machinery, vehicle maintenance, etc., or vegetable waste oil may be contaminated with various impurities, so it is usually used as industrial waste. Has been processed.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a waste oil combustion boiler capable of supplying warm water by burning waste oil that has been treated as industrial waste.

  The waste oil combustion boiler according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a cylindrical or regular n-gonal (n ≧ 8) lower structure divided by a partition wall whose upper end is open and whose interior extends substantially in the horizontal direction, A cylindrical or regular n-gonal (n ≧ 8) combustion cylinder disposed on the partition wall of the lower structure and having an upper end open and a lower end closed by a bottom wall, and the entire periphery of the lower side wall of the combustion cylinder A plurality of holes for primary combustion air inflow provided; a diameter-reduced body disposed at a position above the uppermost hole in the combustion cylinder and for reducing the inner diameter of the combustion cylinder; and the hole A ring-shaped portion arranged so as to cover the periphery of the first air blower, a first blower for supplying primary combustion air, a first air passage connecting the air blow port of the first blower and the ring-shaped portion in a tangential direction, Located at the upper end of the lower structure, the lower end is open and the upper end is closed by the top wall A cylindrical or regular n-gonal (n ≧ 8) upper structure and a cylindrical shape that is disposed at the upper end of the lower structure so as to cover the entire upper structure, and whose upper end is closed by a top wall; A regular n-square (n ≧ 8) boiler main body, a plurality of smoke / heat transfer cylinders communicating between the inside of the upper structure and the outside of the waste oil combustion boiler, and a second blower for supplying secondary combustion air A second air passage connecting the blower opening of the second blower and the lower part of the lower structure, a waste oil tank for temporarily storing waste oil, and burning the waste oil tank A waste oil supply pipe connected to the lowermost part of the cylinder, and after burning kerosene in the lowermost part of the combustion cylinder to generate preheating, the primary combustion air is disposed below the reduced diameter body of the combustion cylinder. Waste oil at the bottom of the combustion cylinder The secondary combustion air is caused to burn and flow into the upper structure through the holes provided in the partition wall to further burn the waste oil, thereby heating the water supplied into the boiler body. It is characterized by being comprised.

  The waste oil combustion boiler according to claim 2 of the present application is characterized in that, in the boiler according to claim 1, the bottom wall of the combustion cylinder is shaped to have a curved shape so as to protrude downward. Is.

  A waste oil combustion boiler according to a third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the boiler according to the first or second aspect, the upper portion and the lower portion of the combustion cylinder are formed separately.

  A waste oil combustion boiler according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the boiler according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein a float device for keeping the amount of waste oil constant is disposed in the waste oil tank. The float device has a floating body provided with a needle at the top, and a valve seat for receiving the needle in communication with a pipe for supplying waste oil, and according to the amount of waste oil in the waste oil tank Thus, the amount of waste oil is adjusted by moving the floating body up and down to communicate with the pipe or to block communication with the pipe.

  The waste oil combustion boiler according to claim 5 of the present application is the boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the height of the waste oil surface in the combustion cylinder is displayed in the middle of the waste oil supply pipe. The oil level meter is arranged so that the oil level meter is a tube formed of a transparent acrylic material, and the oil level in the tube indicates the oil level in the combustion cylinder. It is comprised by these.

  A waste oil combustion boiler according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the boiler according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, further comprising an inspection window for monitoring a combustion state inside the upper structure. The window is formed by an openable / closable door provided with a heat-resistant glass window.

  With the waste oil combustion boiler of the present invention, the waste oil can be almost completely burned. As a result, waste oil that has become industrial waste can be used effectively, and the amount of smoke emitted can be reduced, thereby avoiding the possibility of adverse effects on the environment. In addition, since the bottom wall of the combustion cylinder 16 has a curved shape, an effect of facilitating fire extinguishing and cleaning can be obtained. In addition, since the combustion cylinder 16 is separated into upper and lower bodies, an effect of facilitating the ignition work can be obtained. Further, the fact that the float device 46 is disposed in the waste oil tank 38, the oil level meter 48 is disposed, and the inspection window 54 is provided provides an effect that the combustion operation can be easily performed. .

  Next, a waste oil combustion boiler according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall view showing a waste oil combustion boiler according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2A is an enlarged sectional view of a portion 2 in FIG. A waste oil combustion boiler according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, generally indicated by reference numeral 10 in FIG. 1, includes a lower structure 14 disposed on a base 12. The lower structure 14 has a cylindrical shape with an open upper end, and is fixed to the base 12 so that its longitudinal central axis is oriented in the vertical direction. Inside the lower structure 14, a partition wall 14a extending substantially horizontally is provided at a predetermined height H (see FIG. 2A) from the upper surface of the base 12.

  A cylindrical combustion cylinder 16 is disposed on the partition wall 14 a of the lower structure 14. The combustion cylinder 16 has an upper end opened and a lower end closed by a bottom wall 16a. The bottom wall 16a preferably has a curved shape so as to protrude downward, as best shown in FIG. By making the shape of the bottom wall 16a in this way, (1) When the level of waste oil decreases, the amount of waste oil in the combustion cylinder 16 decreases rapidly, making it easy to extinguish the fire. (2) When soot accumulates The advantage is that cleaning is easy.

  A plurality of stages (five stages in FIG. 3) of holes 18 are provided in the lower portion of the combustion cylinder 16 over the entire periphery of the side wall. As will be described later, the hole 18 is used for the primary combustion air to flow into the combustion cylinder 16. However, in order to facilitate the inflow of air, it is preferable that the hole from the uppermost hole to the lowermost hole is used. Arranged so as to form an angle α with respect to the vertical line toward the hole (see FIG. 3A), and arranged so that the penetrating direction of the hole forms an angle β with respect to the radial direction. (See FIG. 3B). Experiments have shown that α = 30 ° and β = 20 ° are preferred.

  Further, a reduced diameter body 20 for narrowing the inner diameter of the combustion cylinder 16 is disposed in the combustion cylinder 16 at a location above the uppermost hole 18 (see FIGS. 2A and 2B). Thus, the combustion cylinder 16 is divided into a first portion 16b below the reduced diameter body 20 and a second portion 16c above the reduced diameter body 20.

  The waste oil combustion boiler 10 also has a ring-shaped portion 22 arranged so as to cover the periphery of the hole 18 of the combustion cylinder 16, a first blower 24 for supplying primary combustion air, and a blower opening 24a of the first blower 24. And a first air passage 26 that connects the ring-shaped portion 22 in the tangential direction. As will be described in detail later, the primary combustion air supplied from the first blower 24 flows into the first portion 16 b of the combustion cylinder 16 from the hole 18 through the first blower passage 26 and the ring-shaped portion 22. It has become.

  The waste oil combustion boiler 10 also includes an upper structure 28 disposed at the upper end of the lower structure 14. The upper structure 28 has a cylindrical shape with a lower end opened and an upper end closed with a top wall 28 a, and its longitudinal central axis is substantially aligned with the longitudinal central axis of the lower structure 14. It is arranged to make.

  The waste oil combustion boiler 10 also includes a boiler body 30 disposed at the upper end of the lower structure 14 so as to cover the entire upper structure 28. The boiler body 30 has a cylindrical shape whose upper end is closed by a top wall 30a, and its longitudinal central axis is substantially aligned with the longitudinal central axes of the lower structure 14 and the upper structure 28. It is arranged to make. The boiler body 30 is supplied with water to be heated.

  The inside of the upper structure 28 is connected to the outside of the waste oil combustion boiler 10 via a plurality of smoke / heat transfer cylinders 32 extending between the top wall 28 a of the upper structure 28 and the top wall 30 a of the boiler body 30. Communicate. The smoke / heat transfer cylinder 32 has a role of discharging smoke from the upper structure 28 and a role of transferring heat to water supplied into the boiler body 30.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the waste oil combustion boiler 10 also has a second blower 34 that supplies secondary combustion air, a blower port 34 a of the second blower 34, and a partition wall 14 a of the lower structure 14. The 2nd ventilation path 36 which connects this part is provided. As will be described in detail later, the secondary combustion air supplied from the second blower 34 flows into the upper structure 28 via the second blower passage 36 and the hole 14a1 provided in the partition wall 14a. ing.

  The waste oil combustion boiler 10 also includes a waste oil tank 38 for temporarily storing the waste oil, and a waste oil supply pipe 40 that connects the waste oil tank 38 to the lowermost part of the combustion cylinder 16. The waste oil tank 38 is connected to a waste oil purification / storage unit 42 formed separately from the waste oil combustion boiler 10 by a pipe 44 (see FIG. 10). In the waste oil tank 38, a float device 46 for keeping a certain amount of waste oil in the tank is disposed.

  As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the float device 46 has a floating body 46a provided with a needle 46b at the top, and a valve seat 46c that communicates with the pipe 44 and receives the needle 46b. The floating body 46a is moved up and down in accordance with the amount of waste oil in the waste oil tank 38 to adjust the amount of waste oil. That is, when the amount of waste oil (oil level) is above a certain level, the floating body 46a rises, the needle 46b is received by the valve seat 46c, the supply of waste oil from the pipe 44 is shut off, and the amount of waste oil is below a certain level. In this case, the floating body 46a is lowered, the needle 46b is separated from the valve seat 46c, and waste oil is supplied from the pipe 44.

  In the middle of the waste oil supply pipe 40, an oil level meter 48 for displaying the height of the waste oil level in the combustion cylinder 14 is disposed. The oil level meter 48 is a cylindrical tube formed of a transparent acrylic material, and the height of the oil level in the cylindrical tube indicates the oil level in the combustion cylinder 14 as shown in FIG. It is configured.

  The waste oil combustion boiler 10 is also provided with a kerosene tank 50 for temporarily storing kerosene used at the time of ignition. By operating a switching valve 52 (see FIG. 4), kerosene is passed through the waste oil supply pipe 40. Thus, the fuel is supplied into the combustion cylinder 16.

  The waste oil combustion boiler 10 is preferably provided with an inspection window 54 for confirming the combustion state. FIG. 7A is a front view showing an example of the inspection window 54, and FIG. 7B is a plan view schematically showing a state in which the inspection window 54 is opened. The inspection window 54 is formed by an openable door provided with a heat-resistant glass window 54a. When the inspection window 54 is opened, the outside of the waste oil combustion boiler 10 and the inside of the upper structure 28 are opened via the inspection window 54. And communicate with each other.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating a method for controlling the first blower 24 and the second blower 34. That is, in the waste oil combustion boiler 10 of the present invention, the inverter panel 56 and the control panel 58 are connected to the first and second blowers 24 and 34, and the combustion state in the upper structure 28 monitored from the inspection window 54 is determined. By operating the dial of the inverter board 56 to change the frequency, the air volume supplied from each of the fans 24 and 34 can be adjusted accurately. As a result, it has become possible to adjust the air volume adjustment, which has been conventionally performed by adjusting the opening / closing degree of the damper of the blower, more precisely according to the combustion state.

  FIG. 10 is an overall view showing a hot water supply system in which the waste oil combustion boiler 10 is incorporated. A waste oil tank 38 of the waste oil combustion boiler 10 is connected to a waste oil purification / storage unit 42 via a pipe 44. Cold water is supplied into the boiler main body 30 of the waste oil combustion boiler 10 via a storage tank 60 disposed adjacent thereto, and the warm water heated in the boiler main body 30 is once stored in the storage tank 60. , To be supplied to a desired location. In FIG. 10, reference numerals 42a and P indicate a waste oil inlet and a circulation pump, respectively.

  The operation of the waste oil combustion boiler 10 configured as described above will be described. First, the switching valve 52 is switched to the kerosene tank 50 side to supply kerosene to the combustion cylinder 16 and ignite the kerosene. Then, the first blower 24 is operated to supply primary combustion air into the combustion cylinder 16. The primary combustion air flows as a swirl flow from the ring-shaped portion 22 into the combustion cylinder 16 through the hole 18 as indicated by arrows in FIG. When the temperature in the combustion cylinder 16 reaches the ignition temperature of the waste oil (for example, about 350 ° C. for vegetable waste oil), the switching valve 52 is switched to the waste oil tank 38 side to supply the waste oil into the combustion cylinder 16. Since the temperature in the combustion cylinder 16 has reached the ignition temperature of the waste oil, the waste oil is substantially vaporized and burned. At this time, since the reduced diameter body 20 is provided in the combustion cylinder 16, the combustion flame tends to be trapped inside the first portion 16 b of the combustion cylinder 16 and becomes a swirling flow. Vaporized waste oil is stirred in the first portion 16b (see FIG. 2) by the primary combustion air flowing into the first portion 16b (see FIG. 4), and oil droplets are likely to be generated (see FIG. 2). The oil droplets formed in this way rise to the second portion 16c through the opening of the reduced diameter body 20, and adhere to the wall surface of the second portion 16c. On the other hand, since the wall surface of the combustion cylinder 16 is also heated due to the burning of kerosene / waste oil, the oil droplets adhering to the wall surface of the second portion 16c are vaporized and further burned. Next, the remainder of the vaporized oil droplets rises and exits from the combustion cylinder 16 and enters the upper structure 28. However, secondary combustion flows into the upper structure 28 through the holes 14a1 of the partition wall 14a of the lower structure 14. It is mixed with working air and burned further. The water in the boiler body 30 is heated by the heat thus obtained. The waste oil burns almost completely, but the flue gas generated by the combustion is discharged out of the waste oil combustion boiler 10 by the smoke / heat transfer cylinder 32.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and these are also included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say, it is something.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the combustion cylinder 16 is formed as a single unit, but as shown in FIG. 9, the lower portion 16'B and the upper portion 16'C of the combustion cylinder 16 'are formed separately. May be. The separate formation in this way has the advantage of facilitating the ignition work.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the lower structure 14, the combustion cylinder 16, the upper structure 28, and the boiler main body 30 are described as what has a cylindrical shape, these are regular n square (n> = 8). You may form so that it may have this shape.

1 is an overall view schematically showing a waste oil combustion boiler according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 2A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the portion 2 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2b-2b of FIG. 2A. It is the enlarged view which showed the hole provided in a combustion cylinder. It is a top view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a view taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 4. It is the enlarged view which showed the waste oil tank and the float apparatus. FIG. 7A is a front view showing an example of an inspection window, and FIG. 7B is a plan view schematically showing a state in which the inspection window is opened. It is the figure which showed typically the control method of a 1st air blower and a 2nd air blower. It is the figure which showed the deformation | transformation form of the combustion cylinder used for the waste oil combustion boiler of FIG. It is the whole figure which showed the warm water supply system with which the waste oil combustion boiler of FIG. 1 was integrated.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Waste oil combustion boiler 12 Base 14 Lower structure 16 Combustion cylinder 18 Hole 20 Reduced diameter body 22 Ring-shaped part 24 1st blower 26 1st ventilation path 28 Upper structure 30 Boiler main body 32 Flue / heat transfer cylinder 34 2nd blower 36 Second air passage 38 Waste oil tank 40 Waste oil supply pipe 42 Waste oil purification / storage section 44 Piping 46 Float device 48 Oil level meter 50 Kerosene tank 52 Switching valve 54 Inspection window 56 Inverter panel 58 Control panel 60 Storage tank

Claims (6)

A waste oil fired boiler,
A cylindrical or regular n-gonal (n ≧ 8) substructure divided by a partition having an open upper end and a substantially horizontal interior;
A cylindrical or regular n-gonal (n ≧ 8) combustion cylinder disposed on the partition wall of the lower structure and having an upper end open and a lower end closed by a bottom wall;
A plurality of holes for primary combustion air inflow provided over the entire periphery of the lower side wall of the combustion cylinder;
A diameter-reduced body disposed at a position above the uppermost hole in the combustion cylinder, and for reducing the inner diameter of the combustion cylinder;
A ring-shaped portion arranged to cover the periphery of the hole;
A first blower for supplying primary combustion air;
A first air passage connecting the air outlet of the first blower and the ring-shaped portion in a tangential direction;
A cylindrical or regular n-gonal (n ≧ 8) upper structure disposed at the upper end of the lower structure and having a lower end open and an upper end closed by a top wall;
A cylindrical or regular n-gonal (n ≧ 8) boiler body that is disposed at the upper end of the lower structure so as to cover the entire upper structure, and whose upper end is closed by a top wall;
A plurality of smoke / heat transfer tubes communicating between the inside of the upper structure and the outside of the waste oil combustion boiler;
A second blower for supplying secondary combustion air;
A second air passage connecting the blower opening of the second blower and the lower part of the lower structure, and the second air passage;
A waste oil tank for temporarily storing waste oil;
A waste oil supply pipe connecting the waste oil tank to the lowermost part of the combustion cylinder,
After burning kerosene in the lowermost part of the combustion cylinder to produce preheating, primary combustion air is introduced as a swirling flow into a portion below the reduced diameter body of the combustion cylinder, and the lowest part of the combustion cylinder. Waste oil is burned in the lower part, and secondary combustion air is caused to flow into the upper structure through the holes provided in the partition wall to further burn the waste oil, thereby supplying water supplied into the boiler body. A waste oil combustion boiler characterized by being configured to heat. The waste oil combustion boiler according to claim 1, wherein the bottom wall of the combustion cylinder is shaped to have a curved shape so as to protrude downward. The waste oil combustion boiler according to claim 1, wherein an upper portion and a lower portion of the combustion cylinder are formed as separate bodies. In the waste oil tank, a float device for keeping the amount of waste oil constant is disposed, and the float device communicates with a floating body provided with a needle at the top and a pipe for supplying waste oil, A valve seat for receiving the needle, and the floating body moves up and down according to the amount of waste oil in the waste oil tank to communicate with the pipe or to shut off the communication with the pipe. The waste oil combustion boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amount is adjusted. An oil level meter for indicating the height of the waste oil level in the combustion cylinder is arranged in the middle of the waste oil supply pipe, and the oil level meter is a pipe formed of a transparent acrylic material. The waste oil combustion according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the oil level in the pipe is configured to display the oil level in the combustion cylinder. boiler. An inspection window for monitoring a combustion state inside the upper structure is further provided, and the inspection window is formed by an openable / closable door provided with a heat-resistant glass window. The waste oil combustion boiler according to any one of claims 5 to 6.

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