RU196392U1 - LONG-BURNING SOLID FUEL BOILER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of heating, namely to devices and methods for burning fuel in solid fuel boilers. The technical result of the utility model is to increase the efficiency and heat output of the boiler, which is achieved due to the fact that the solid fuel boiler has long burning, comprising a housing, a combustion chamber with a fuel supply window, a heat carrier capacity, a chimney, a fan and a controller, characterized in that the boiler body contains inner and outer shells, forming along the circuit and in the upper part of the boiler a heat carrier capacity connected to the heating system by the inlet and outlet pipes, inside the boiler contains heat exchange, combustion and ash chambers, the heat exchange chamber is connected to the heat carrier capacity and separated from the combustion chamber by heat exchange channels, the ash chamber in the lower part of the boiler is separated from the combustion chamber by hollow grates, which communicate with the heat carrier capacity in the front and rear parts of the boiler, the air supply hole with a fan mounted on a non-fan is connected by a channel to the ash chamber, while the fan is equipped with a valve, in the front part opposite each of the boiler chambers golnye openings equipped doors, ventilator coupled to the controller, the controller is connected to the input of the temperature sensor. 12 s.p. f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of heating, and in particular to devices and methods for burning fuel in solid fuel boilers [F24H 1/38].

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A WATER-BORNING SOLID FUEL BOILER WITH CONTINUOUS BURNING [UA 89303 (U), Publ .: 10.04.2014], comprising a body with a double wall and a cavity for filling with water, wherein at least one wall of the body is made with a thickness of at least 4 mm , a combustion chamber, two ducts with an independent outer hole with guides made with the possibility of manual control of the hole size, while one duct includes an air intake box connected to an intermediate volume for heating the air, with oystvom for supplying air to the air diffuser removably fitted and another duct for supplying air to the lower fuel and connected to the intermediate volume for air heating with an opening with a slider to control the size of the hole or its closure, the electronic control unit, the fire grate.

A disadvantage of the analogue is the low reliability of the boiler, due to the presence in the combustion chamber of an air distributor having a short service life due to high temperatures in the combustion zone of solid fuel.

A LONG-BURNING WATER-HEATING SOLID FUEL BOILING BOILER is also known [RU 183190 U1, Publ.: 13.09.2018], comprising a housing made in the form of a vertically mounted tank, in which a solid fuel combustion chamber is made above the water grate, a cavity for supplying a heat carrier and discharging it to a consumer, device for supplying air and distributing it in the combustion chamber — an air duct, a heat exchanger with an ash pan located below it, at least one gas duct is located in the combustion chamber, the outlet of which is led to the top of the combustion chamber a door and a door for loading fuel, and in the lower part there is a furnace with a grate and additional air ducts, characterized in that the duct and nozzles for supplying air are located around the perimeter of the combustion chamber, while the duct is located along the vertical side walls of the boiler, and connected by nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber, and the inlet of the duct is located under the grates, the corner nozzles for supplying air to the combustion chamber are located at the corners of the combustion chamber and have a diameter of 12 mm, and the side nozzles are located in the side walls of the boiler and pass through the water jacket and have a diameter of 15 mm, and the blower space acts as a receiver, which equalizes the air pressure on the nozzles, flame tubes are located in the upper part of the combustion chamber, the heat exchanger is made in the form of vertically and horizontally mounted tanks, under which there is an ash pan equipped with an ash hatch, the heat exchanger is connected to the pipe feed line for supplying heated water to it and the return pipe line for removing heated water, cat The others are located in the side walls of the boiler, in order to return the coolant to the boiler in two ways, while the coolant supply pipe to the system is made of a pipe with a diameter of 40 mm, and the return pipe from the heating system is 32 mm.

A disadvantage of the analogue is the low efficiency of fuel combustion in the specified boiler, due to the need to regulate the air supply to the fuel combustion zone manually.

The closest in technical essence is the BOILER FOR SOLID FUEL [KR 20090116884 (A), Publ .: 12.11.2009], comprising a housing, a combustion chamber, a fan, a coolant tank, a chimney, an exhaust hood, a fuel supply window and a controller, the combustion chamber is made in the central part of the boiler body, the hood communicates with the lower part of the combustion chamber, the heat carrier capacity around the combustion chamber, the hood and the fan are connected to the controller.

The main technical problem is the significant heat loss due to the small area of the coolant capacity, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the boiler.

The objective of the utility model is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the efficiency and heat output of the boiler.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the solid fuel boiler of long burning, comprising a housing, a combustion chamber with a fuel supply window, a coolant tank, a chimney, a fan and a controller, characterized in that the boiler housing contains inner and outer shells that form a loop and in the upper part of the boiler, the heat carrier capacity connected to the heating system by the inlet and outlet pipes, inside the boiler contains heat exchange, combustion and ash chambers, the heat exchange chamber is connected to it heat carrier bone and is separated from the combustion chamber by heat exchange channels, the ash chamber in the lower part of the boiler is separated from the combustion chamber by hollow grates, which communicate with the heat carrier capacity in the front and rear parts of the boiler, the air inlet with the fan mounted on a non-fan is connected by a channel to the ash chamber, while the fan is equipped with a valve, in the front part opposite each of the boiler chambers there are rectangular openings equipped with doors, the fan is connected to the controller, to the controller input li ne temperature sensor.

In particular, an insulating coating is applied to the outside of the boiler.

In particular, the number of heat exchange channels is made depending on the heat output of the boiler.

In particular, the doors are sealed with refractory sealing material.

In particular, the doors are hinged.

In particular, the doors are equipped with locking devices.

In particular, the fan is made centrifugal.

In particular, the valve is designed as a cargo valve.

In particular, the inlet pipe is connected to a circulation pump.

In particular, in the upper part of the boiler, a pressure collection valve is mounted in the coolant tank.

In particular, the inlet and outlet nozzles are equipped with shut-off valves.

In particular, the controls are located on the front panel of the controller.

In particular, an information screen is made on the front panel of the controller.

A brief description of the drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a solid fuel boiler of long burning.

In FIG. 2 shows a solid fuel boiler of long burning in the context.

The figures indicate: 1 - housing, 2 - heat carrier capacity, 3 - heat exchange chamber, 4 - combustion chamber, 5 - ash chamber, 6 - heat exchange channels, 7 - grates, 8 - hole for exhaust flue gases, 9 - supply channel air, 10 - outlet pipe, 11 - inlet pipe, 12 - loading door, 13 - doors for cleaning convection channels, 14 - doors for removing ash and slag, 15 - hinges, 16 - handles with locking devices, 17 - centrifugal fan , 18 - controller.

Implementation of a utility model.

The solid-fuel boiler for long burning contains a heat-insulated casing 1 with a double wall, forming along the perimeter and in the upper part a heat carrier capacity 2. Inside the boiler, heat exchange chambers 3, combustion 4 and ash 5 are made from top to bottom. The heat exchange chamber 3 is connected to the heat carrier 2 and separated from the combustion chamber 4 by heat exchange channels 6 the amount of which depends on the thermal power of the boiler. The ash chamber 5 in the lower part of the boiler is separated from the combustion chamber 4 by hollow grates 7, which communicate the capacity of the coolant 2 in the front and rear parts of the boiler. In the upper part of the boiler there is a hole for the removal of flue gases 8 and an air supply hole connected by an air supply channel 9 with an ash chamber 5.

In the upper and lower parts of the boiler, the outlet 10 and inlet 11 pipes, respectively, are mounted in the coolant tank.

Rectangular technological holes are made on the front wall of the boiler, opening access to chambers 3-5, equipped with a loading door 12, doors for cleaning convection channels 13 and doors for removing ash and slag 14. Doors 12-14 are gas-tight and sealed with refractory sealing material. Doors 12-14 are provided with hinge hinges 15 and handles with locking devices 16.

A centrifugal fan 17 for boosting air into an ash chamber equipped with a cargo valve (not shown in the figures) is mounted above the air supply opening. The cargo valve is capable of blocking the air supply channel 9 and eliminating the exit of flue gases when the centrifugal fan 17 is not working. The centrifugal fan 17 is connected to the controller 18 mounted in the upper front part of the boiler body 1, to the information inputs of which a temperature sensor is connected (not shown in the figures )

The controller 18 is configured to adjust the temperature of the coolant by automatically changing the air draft under the fuel combustion area created by the centrifugal fan 17.

The boiler is equipped with circulation pumps and an overpressure relief valve (not shown in the figures). The circulation pump is mounted in close proximity to the inlet pipe 11 on a parallel line with the possibility of eliminating the obstruction of the natural circulation of the coolant in the system when the power of the circulation pump is turned off. The overpressure relief valve is mounted directly in the coolant tank 2 in the upper part of the boiler. The circulation pump is connected to a backup power system made in the form of an inverter, an automatic charger and a battery (not shown in the figures).

Solid fuel boiler long burning is used as follows.

Before use, check the coolant level in the expansion tank (not shown in the figures). If necessary, add coolant to the expansion tank and start igniting the boiler. Doors open to remove ash and slag 14 o clean the grate 7 and the ash chamber 5 from ash and slag.

Doors are tightly closed to clean convection channels 13 and remove ash and slag 14. A small amount of firewood or thick cardboard is placed on the grate 7 to reduce the spilling of small fuel under the grate 7. Solid fuel is loaded into the combustion chamber 4 through the loading door 12 and burned from above . Close the loading door 12 tightly.

Turn on the controller 18 and set the operating temperature of the coolant from 40 to 80 ° C. After the draft appears, the centrifugal fan 17 is turned on to the controller 18. When the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the boiler decreases, the controller 18 gives a signal to turn on the centrifugal fan 17. Under the pressure of the air pumped by the centrifugal fan 17, the cargo valve opens and air flows through the air supply channel 9 to the ash chamber 5 under the influence of which the combustion process is enhanced and the temperature of the coolant increases. The hot air-gas mixture formed from fuel combustion enters the heat exchange chamber 3 and transfers its heat to the heat exchange channels 6 with a heat carrier inside them. The burning fuel heats the grates 7 and heats the coolant circulating through the grates 7. When the set temperature of the coolant is reached, the controller 18 turns off the centrifugal fan 17 and the cargo valve closes.

During the operation of the boiler, if necessary, change the set temperature, but not more than 10-15 ° C for 1 hour.

As necessary, clean the heat exchange channels 6.

The flow of coolant into the capacity of the coolant 2 from the heating system is carried out by a circulation pump (not shown in the figures).

The claimed technical result of the utility model is the increase in the efficiency and heat output of the boiler is achieved by making the boiler body thermally insulated with double walls, forming along the perimeter and in the upper part of the boiler a heat carrier 2, execution of heat exchange chambers 3, combustion 4 and ash 5 and placing in the heat exchange chamber 3 heat exchange channels 6, the amount of which depends on the heat output of the boiler, separating the combustion chamber 4 from the ash chamber with hollow grates 7, communicating the capacity of the coolant 2 in the front and rear parts of the boiler, the placement of a centrifugal fan 17 with a cargo valve connected to the ash chamber 5 and connected to the ash chamber 5, connected to the controller 18 with the ability to adjust the temperature of the coolant by automatically controlling air draft under the area combustion of fuel created by a centrifugal fan 17, which allows to increase the boiler efficiency up to 92%.

Claims (13)

1. A solid fuel boiler of long burning, comprising a housing, a combustion chamber with a fuel supply window, a heat carrier capacity, a chimney, a fan and a controller, characterized in that the boiler body contains inner and outer shells that form a heat carrier capacity along the circuit and in the upper part of the boiler, connected to the heating system with inlet and outlet pipes, inside the boiler contains heat exchange, combustion and ash chambers, the heat exchange chamber is connected to the heat carrier capacity and is separated from the heat exchange combustion chamber channels, the ash chamber in the lower part of the boiler is separated from the combustion chamber by hollow grates that communicate with the heat carrier capacity in the front and rear parts of the boiler, the air inlet with a fan mounted on a non-fan is connected by a channel to the ash chamber, while the fan is equipped with a valve in the front Rectangular openings equipped with doors are made opposite each of the boiler chambers, the fan is connected to the controller, and a temperature sensor is connected to the controller input. 2. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating coating is applied externally to the outer shell of the boiler. 3. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of heat exchange channels is made depending on the heat output of the boiler. 4. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the doors are sealed with refractory sealing material. 5. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the doors are made on hinge hinges. 6. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the doors are equipped with locking devices. 7. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the fan is made centrifugal. 8. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve is made in the form of a cargo valve. 9. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet pipe is connected to a circulation pump. 10. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper part of the boiler a pressure collection valve is mounted in the coolant tank. 11. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet and outlet nozzles are equipped with shut-off valves. 12. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that on the front panel of the controller controls are placed. 13. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that an information screen is made on the front panel of the controller.

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