JP2006518536A - 電気化学装置の内部抵抗を測定するシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
電気化学装置の内部抵抗を測定するシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04634—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance
- H01M8/04649—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
VA/Dは、電池電圧測定時におけるA/D変換器70の出力値であり、
VAは、較正時における差動増幅器の入力に差動的に印加された電圧であり、
VA/D(VA)は、VAが較正時に差動増幅器の入力に印加された場合のA/D変換器70の出力値であり、
VA/D(V0)は、較正時に差動増幅器の入力が接地された場合のA/D変換器70の出力値であり、
VOFFは、較正時に差動増幅器の入力が接地された場合の差動増幅器の電圧出力である。
Claims (28)
- 複数の電池と、
前記複数の電池における複数の電池群の各電池群に亘って接続された複数の入力を含み、前記複数の電池の電圧および電流特性を示す電圧および電流信号を生成する測定装置と、
前記複数の電池における複数の電池群の各電池群を流れる変調された電流値を重ね合わせる電流供給/引き出し手段と、
前記測定装置から受信した電圧および電流特性に基づいて、少なくとも1つのシステム動作条件を制御するコントローラであって、前記測定装置に接続されているコントローラと、
を含む電気化学システム。 - 前記複数の電池群の各電池群は5個未満の電池を含む、請求項1に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記電流供給/引き出し手段がモジュレータを含む、請求項1に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記モジュレータは前記コントローラの一体部分である、請求項3に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記複数の電池における各電池群は電池を1個だけ含み、前記複数の入力は前記複数の電池における個々の電池に亘って接続され、モジュレータは個々の電池を流れる変調された電流値を重ね合わせるように動作可能である、請求項2に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記コントローラは、前記測定装置から受信した電圧および電流特性に基づいて、少なくとも1つのシステム動作条件をリアルタイムで制御するように動作可能である、請求項2に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記コントローラは、前記測定装置から受信した電圧および電流特性から決定されるアラーム状態に基づいて、オペレータに警報を発するように動作可能である、請求項2に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記モジュレータは、高周波抵抗測定のためのバースト時間において変調された電流値を重ね合わせ、バースト時間とバースト時間との間の時間は変調された電流値の重ね合わせがないようにする、請求項3に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記測定装置は、測定された電圧および電流信号用の複数の一次チャネルを提供し、個々の各電池にかかる電圧に対して1つのチャネルがあり、前記測定装置は個々の電池にかかる電圧の少なくともDC成分を一次チャネルから分離するためのスプリッタを含み、該スプリッタはDC成分のための出力として第1のチャネルを有する、請求項5に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記スプリッタは、個々の電池にかかる電圧のAC成分のための出力として第2のチャネルを含む、請求項9に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記測定装置は、該測定装置の入力に接続された複数の計装用増幅器であって、複数の一次チャネルを提供する出力を有する複数の計装用増幅器と、少なくともチャネルスプリッタからの第1のチャネルに接続されたアナログマルチプレクサとを含み、少なくとも第1のチャネル間において順次切り替えを行うように前記アナログマルチプレクサを制御するために、マルチプレクサ制御ラインが前記コントローラと前記アナログマルチプレクサとの間に接続される、請求項9に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記アナログマルチプレクサの出力に接続された第1のアナログ・デジタル変換器と、該第1のアナログ・デジタル変換器と前記コントローラとの間に接続された電圧データバスと、制御のために前記コントローラと前記第1のアナログ・デジタル変換器との間に接続されたアナログ・デジタル制御ラインとをさらに含む、請求項11に記載の電気化学システム。
- 電流を測定するために、電流検出装置が個々の電池に直列に接続されて設けられ、該電流検出装置は前記コントローラに接続される、請求項12に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記電流検出装置の出力は電流増幅器に接続され、該電流増幅器は前記コントローラに接続された電流測定信号のための出力を有する、請求項13に記載の電気化学システム。
- 電流アナログ・デジタル変換器が前記電流増幅器の出力に接続された入力を備え、また電流出力と制御入力とを備えて設けられ、データバスが電流出力を前記コントローラに接続し、アナログ・デジタル制御ラインが前記コントローラと前記電流アナログ・デジタル変換器の制御入力との間に設けられた、請求項14に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記コントローラは、該コントローラを制御するための制御信号の供給用コンピュータ装置に接続可能な入力を含む、請求項2に記載の電気化学システム。
- 前記複数の電池によって電力を供給される負荷をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の電気化学システム。
- マルチ電池電気化学システムの少なくとも1つのシステム動作条件を制御する方法であって、
(a)電気化学装置の複数の電池における複数の電池群の各電池群にかかる変調された電流値を重ね合わせる工程と、
(b)前記複数の電池における複数の電池群の各電池群から電流を引き出し、前記複数の電池における複数の電池群の各電池群の電圧および電流特性を示す電圧および電流信号を生成する工程と、
(c)前記複数の電池の電圧および電流特性に基づいて、少なくとも1つのシステム動作条件を制御する工程と、
を含む方法。 - 各電池群および複数の電池群は5個未満の電池を含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の電池群の各電池群は電池を1個だけ含み、
工程(a)は、前記複数の電池における個々の電池にかかる変調された電流値を重ね合わせる工程を含み、
工程(b)は、個々の電池から電流を引き出して個々の電池の電圧および電流特性を示す電圧および電流信号を生成する工程を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。 - 工程(a)は高周波抵抗測定のためのバースト時間に行われ、バースト時間の間の時間は変調された電流値の重ね合わせがない、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)は、一連の設定された干渉状態を提供するように重ね合わせを制御する工程と、各干渉状態に対して、電気化学装置の電圧及び電流特性の少なくとも一部を測定する工程とを含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)は、重ね合わせられた電流値の周波数を変化させる工程を含み、
工程(b)は、重ね合わせられた、変調された電流値に対して選択された周波数で電圧および電流信号を生成する工程と、個々の電池のインピーダンスの複数の実数成分および虚数成分を、電圧および電流信号から決定する工程とを含み、
工程(c)は、個々の電池のインピーダンスの複数の実数成分および虚数成分に基づいて、少なくとも1つのシステム動作条件を制御する工程を含む、請求項22に記載の方法。 - 工程(b)は、複数の差動増幅器の入力を電気化学装置の個々の電池に亘って接続する工程と、複数の差動増幅器で電池の電圧および電流を測定して電圧および電流信号を生成する工程と、電圧および電流信号をマルチプレクサに供給する工程と、工程(c)を行うために電圧および電流信号をコントローラに順次供給するようにマルチプレクサを動作させる工程とを含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- アナログマルチプレクサによって選択された各電圧および電流信号を、電圧アナログ・デジタル変換器においてデジタル信号に変換する工程をさらに含む、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 負荷を流れる電流を測定するために電池に直列に接続された電流検出装置を設ける工程と、該電流検出装置にかかる電圧を測定して負荷を流れる電流を決定し、これにより電流測定信号を生成する工程と、電流測定信号を前記コントローラに供給する工程とをさらに含む、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 電流測定信号をデジタル電流測定信号に変換する工程と、デジタル電流測定信号を前記コントローラに供給する工程とをさらに含む、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の電池から引き出された電流を使用して負荷を駆動する工程をさらに含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7425832B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 |
WO2004070343A3 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
DE112004000227T5 (de) | 2006-01-19 |
WO2004070343A2 (en) | 2004-08-19 |
WO2004070343B1 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
US20040220752A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
CA2513421A1 (en) | 2004-08-19 |
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