JP2006500607A - Printer and method for manufacturing electronic circuits and displays - Google Patents

Abstract

A display layer (224) containing light emitting pixels for displaying information is formed by printing conductive polymer microcapsules (218). Electronic devices made by the printing method of the present invention provide electrically reactive material pixels (218) at discrete locations. The battery layer (212) fabricated by the printing method of the present invention provides electrical energy to the display component. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high-brightness, wireless display can be formed on the flexible substrate (210) by the printing method of the present invention. The user input layer (222) receives the user input and generates a user signal.

Description

(Background of the Invention)
The present invention relates to printers and methods for electronic circuit and display fabrication. In particular, the present invention relates to printers that can use microcapsule materials to form various electronic circuit elements and display devices, and methods of fabricating electronic circuits and displays using field-adsorbing microcapsules.

  In recent years, there has been a move to develop thin, flexible displays that utilize pixels of electroluminescent materials such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). In such a display, each pixel element generates its own light and therefore does not require any backlight. Typically, organic materials are deposited by spin coating or evaporation. US Pat. No. 6,395,328 issued to May teaches an organic light emitting color display in which a layer of light emitting material is deposited and patterned to form a multicolor device. US Pat. No. 5,965,979 issued to Friend et al. Teaches a method of making a light emitting device by stacking two free standing components, at least one of which is a light emitting layer. US Pat. No. 6,087,196 to Strum et al. Teaches a fabrication method for forming organic semiconductor devices using ink jet printing. US Pat. No. 6,416,885B1 issued to Town et al. Teaches an electroluminescent device in which a conductive polymer layer between an organic light emitting layer and a charge injection layer resists lateral diffusion of charge carriers to improve display characteristics is doing. U.S. Pat. No. 6,48,200 B1 issued to Yamazaki et al. Teaches how to make electro-optic devices using relief prints or screen prints. US Pat. No. 6,402,579 B1 issued to Pichler et al. Teaches an organic light emitting device in which a multilayer structure is formed by DC magnetron sputtering. US Pat. No. 6,50,687 B1 issued to Jacobson teaches an electronically addressable microcapsule ink and display.

  The prior art shows that a variety of fabrication techniques can be used to form displays from organic light emitting pixels. For example, the '196 patent shows that an OLED can be fabricated using an inkjet printer. The '687 patent shows that various electronic circuit elements can be formed from microcapsule electronic active materials.

  Prior art teachings have shown that various methods, including ink jet printing technology, can be used to create thin, light, flexible, high brightness displays in which OLED pixels are formed. However, there is no prior art that addresses the practical requirements of such display fabrication with a built-in user input mechanism. Furthermore, there is no prior art that recognizes the need to format and transmit content such as HTML pages so that they can be displayed without substantially requiring on-board data processing. Data processing components such as microprocessors are power consuming, relatively expensive, difficult to fabricate and require complex electrical circuitry. Therefore, the effectiveness of the display is severely limited if there is a thin, high-brightness, wireless display that substantially performs on-board processing. In addition, there is no prior art that receives two or more display information signals at the same time and provides, for example, a display that is made so that a television program can be watched at the same time as a web page is displayed. Thus, it has an effective user input mechanism, is configured to maximize the power density and efficient power consumption of the on-board battery, and at least a portion that can be fabricated using a printing method, What is needed is a way to make a lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display.

(Summary of Invention)
The present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. It is an object of the present invention to provide a printer that uses a microcapsule electrical active material to form an electronic device. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for making a thin, lightweight, high brightness, wireless display.

  In accordance with the present invention, a locally variable adsorption field member is provided to selectively adsorb field adsorbable microcapsules. The locally variable suction field member is controlled to selectively apply the suction field to a position where a field adsorptive microcapsule can be formed. Field adsorptive microcapsules contain an electrically reactive material. A predetermined electronic circuit component can be formed depending on the composition and dimensions of the field-adsorbing microcapsule layer. The locally variable suction field member is formed with a photoelectric and / or magneto-optical coating, and generates a suction field in response to light incident thereon. The coating can be etched into the pixel.

  A magnetic field and / or an electrostatic field can be generated by directing the light beam to be incident on the coating in order to form each suction field at a corresponding individual position on the locally variable suction field member. The directing means can include a plurality of fiber light guides. The directing means directs the light beam on the at least one opto-electric and magneto-optical coating and a light beam source for generating the light beam and the light beam on the at least one opto-electric and magneto-optical coating to form respective attracting fields at corresponding individual positions of the at least one opto-electric and magneto-optical coating. Scanning means for scanning to generate the suction field can also be included. The locally variable adsorption field member further includes a light emitting coating that generates light on the substrate, and the generated light is incident on at least one of a photoelectric and a magneto-optical coating to generate at least one of an electrostatic and magnetic adsorption field. To do. The field attractive microcapsules can be magnetically attractive, and the locally variable attractive field member further includes magnetic field applying means for applying each local attractive field as a magnetic attractive field. The field adsorbing microcapsules can be electrostatically adsorbing, and the locally variable adsorbing field member further includes electrostatic field applying means for applying each local adsorbing field as an electrostatic adsorbing field. At least some field adsorptive microcapsules can include at least one thermal expansion and thermal melting composition. Thereby, the fabricated device can have a selective density and dimension to achieve its desired electrical properties.

  In accordance with the present invention, a method is provided for forming a thin, lightweight display having components that can be fabricated by a printing method. A support substrate is provided that forms a support structure on which components can be fabricated by a microcapsule printing method. A display layer is formed that includes light-emitting pixels that display information. The light emitting pixel is manufactured by printing a pixel pattern of light emitting conductive polymer microcapsules. An electronic circuit layer including an electronic device manufactured by printing a pattern of electrically reactive microcapsules at individual positions on a support substrate is formed. A user input layer is formed that receives user input and generates a user input signal, which is fabricated by printing a grid of conductive elements. Each conductive element can generate a detectable electrical signal as the magnetic field passes through it. A battery layer is formed to provide electrical energy to the electronic circuit layer, user input layer, and display layer components. The battery layer can include a first current collector layer. An anode layer is printed on the first current collector layer. An electrolyte layer is printed on the anode layer, and a cathode layer is printed on the electrolyte layer. A second current collector layer is printed on the cathode layer.

  The display layer includes printed conductive leads that are connected to each light emitting pixel and selectively apply electrical energy to each light emitting pixel under the control of a display driving component. The light emitting pixel is provided with an insulating layer, printing a y-electrode layer including a line of conductive material formed on the insulating layer, and printing a pixel layer of a light emitting conductive polymer island on the y-electrode layer. Formed by printing an x-electrode layer including a line of transparent conductive material thereon.

  The electronic circuit layer includes a first radio frequency receiving component that receives a first display signal having first display information carried on a first radio frequency, and second display information carried on a second radio frequency. A second radio frequency receiving component for receiving a second display signal having the second display signal. The display drive component includes a signal processor component that receives the first display signal and the second display signal and generates a display drive signal. In this manner, the display of the present invention can simultaneously display the first display information at the first position on the display layer and the second display information at the second position on the display layer. At least some of the components in the battery, display, user input and electronic circuit layers are formed by printing electrically active materials to form circuit elements including resistors, capacitors, inductors, antennas, conductors and semiconductor devices. . Other conventionally fabricated circuit components can be mounted on the printed conductive land by soldering or using a conductive adhesive.

  In accordance with the method of the present invention, a substrate is provided having a top surface that forms a support structure on which a component can be fabricated by a microcapsule printing method. A layer of field-adsorbing microcapsules is adsorbed at discrete locations on the substrate. Field adsorptive microcapsules are made of an electrically reactive material. In this way, a predetermined electronic circuit component can be formed according to the composition and dimensions of the field adsorptive microcapsule layer. The electrical active material can have electrical properties of circuit elements such as conductors, insulators, resistors, semiconductors, inductors, magnetic materials, piezoelectric materials, optoelectric materials, or thermoelectric materials. The field adsorptive microcapsule layer can have multiple levels of microcapsules stacked to form the desired three-dimensional shape. Electronic circuits fabricated by the method of the present invention have electrical properties that are determined by multiple levels of composition and three-dimensional shape dimensions of the stacked microcapsule layers.

(Detailed Description of the Invention)
In order to facilitate an understanding of the principles of the invention, specific terminology will be used to refer to and describe the illustrated embodiments. However, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to contemplate changes and modifications to the illustrated devices, as well as further applications of the principles of the invention.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a printer 10 of the present invention. The printer 10 of the present invention stacks and hardens layers of electrically active microcapsules to form electronic circuits such as thin, high brightness, light weight, flexible displays. The composition of the electrically active microcapsule will be described later.

  A microcapsule printer 10 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 includes image receiving means 12 for receiving an electronic circuit preform within an electrically active microcapsule layer. The electronic circuit preform becomes an electronic circuit when the microcapsule layer is cured or developed. The image receiving means 12 includes a locally variable suction field plate 14. The electronic circuit preform can be in the form of a complete electronic circuit including wiring, display pixels, individual electronic components, and the like. For example, the microcapsules can optionally include conductive, insulating, semiconductor, or resistive internal phases. Prints described herein for electronic circuits such as thin, high-brightness, flexible displays, etc. by forming the electronic circuit from several individual electrical components, each printed from a microcapsule with appropriate electrical properties It can be configured by a method.

  The image receiving means 12 also includes control means for controlling the local variable suction field plate 14 to selectively change each local suction field at its corresponding individual position. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the control means is an input device 16 such as a computer, an electronic circuit or a digitizer that digitizes the image of the circuit component reflected from the original, or any other that can provide an input signal to the processor 18. Input devices. The processor 18 processes a signal input from the input device 16 and generates a corresponding received signal depending on the signal. This received image signal is received by the controller 20, which controls the local variable suction field plate 14 by selectively changing each local suction field at a corresponding individual position of the local variable suction field plate 14.

  In operation, the three-dimensional structure of the field adsorptive microcapsule 24 is then configured on the electronic circuit-forming microcapsule layer 30 to provide a three-dimensional structure having peaks and valleys as detailed herein. Can do. Thus, according to the present invention, a three-dimensional electronic circuit including a specific configuration three-dimensional electronic circuit element can be formed. Also, the circuit layer can be configured to include through holes and wiring for interconnecting them.

  The printer 10 of the present invention further includes microcapsule supply means 22 for supplying a plurality of field adsorbing microcapsules 24 to be adsorbed to individual positions of the local variable adsorption field plate 14 in accordance with each local adsorption field. In this way, the field adsorption microcapsule layer 24 having a thickness determined by the corresponding adsorption field intensity at each individual position of the locally variable adsorption field plate 14 is formed. This local control of the microcapsule thickness allows for an effective way to create complex electronic circuits with electronic components having a wide range of electrical properties. As shown in FIG. 1, the microcapsule source 26 supplies a plurality of field-adsorbing microcapsules 24 that can be cascaded between the microcapsule source and the collector 28 as shown in this embodiment. Some of these cascaded field adsorbing microcapsules 24 are adsorbed to the locally variable adsorbing field plate 14 by the adsorbing fields present at individual positions of the locally variable adsorbing field plate 14. In the printer 10 of the present invention that forms a uniform layer of field-adsorbing microcapsules 24, the locally variable suction field plate 14 applies a uniform corresponding suction field to each individual position. In this way, a uniform layer 30 can be formed and utilized to create a substrate with precisely controlled mechanical, electrical and chemical attributes.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the collector 28 is deposited as an electronic circuit-forming microcapsule layer 30 by adsorbing at least some of these field adsorbing microcapsules 24 that are not sufficiently adsorbed to the locally variable adsorption field plate 14 or 3. It includes a controllable variable adsorption field source that is deposited to form a dimensional structure. Depending on the type of microcapsule used, the collector 28 can provide an attracting magnetic field or an attracting electrostatic field. Further, as shown as a solid line rectangle in FIG. 1, a screen 32 is provided and surrounds at least the microcapsule source 26, the microcapsule collector 28, and the space therebetween. This screen 32 is effective in reducing the excess loss of the cascaded field adsorbing microcapsules 24. The screen 32 can include means for providing repulsive force to direct the field adsorbing microcapsules 24 toward the locally variable adsorbing field plate 14 or the collector 28, and prevent the field adsorbing microcapsules 24 from adhering to the screen 32. A release coating such as Teflon to prevent can be included. Compared to conventional electrostatic adsorption microcapsules or printer toners, when using magnetic adsorption microcapsules according to the present invention, contamination by paper dust and dust is less disruptive to the reuse of microcapsules collected in the collector This is because paper dust and dirt are not magnetically attracted to the magnetic field attracting field plate 14.

  The printer of the present invention further includes image forming means 34 for imagewise exposing the electronically active microcapsule layer as necessary to form an electronic circuit latent image 36 therein. For example, it may be advantageous to use a photocured microcapsule composition to form precision electronic components. The local adsorption field is effective to adsorb the desired bulk of the microcapsules to a specific location. Due to the photocuring composition of the microcapsules, this bulk can be cured with accuracy to obtain the desired electrical properties of the electronic circuit element being fabricated. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the image forming means 34 includes a radiation source 38 that provides image carrying radiation 40 to imagewise expose the electronically active microcapsule layer. This image carrying radiation 40 preferably includes different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, each of which is effective to selectively form a particular electronic circuit component from a corresponding electronic circuit component forming microcapsule mixture. With such imagewise exposure, an electronic circuit can be created by selective stripping and mixing of electronic active materials having different electrical properties. For example, the resistance part of the resistor can be formed from a microcapsule containing a resistive material such as carbon, and the conductive part (lead) of the resistor is formed from a microcapsule containing a conductive material such as a conductive polymer or metal. can do.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the image forming means 34 includes electronic circuit formation control means (one or more of the same components can be used as control means). An input device 16 ', such as a computer, or any other device capable of providing an input signal corresponding to an electronic circuit is provided. The input signal is received by a processor 18 ', such as a computer microprocessor, to determine an electronic circuit formation signal dependent thereon. These electronic circuit forming signals are received by the controller 20 'to control the radiation source 38 to selectively imagewise expose the electronically active microcapsule layer to produce an electronic latent image 36 therein. The radiation source 38 can be a CRT, LCD, LED, laser, or other electronic circuit radiation source, where the light is reflected from the original and focused to expose the electronically active microcapsule layer imagewise. A radiation source is also included. Also, an optically active microcapsule layer can be imagewise exposed using a fiber optic faceplate CRT. Fiber optic faceplates are advantageous because, for example, electronic circuitry can be sharply focused when exposing microcapsules. An example of a fiber optic faceplate is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,978,978 issued to Yamada.

  The microcapsule printer 10 of the present invention further includes developing means 42 for developing the electronic circuit latent image 36 to form the working electronic circuit 44. In the embodiment of the present invention, the developing means 42 includes a heat source 46. The heat source 46 is effective for thermally destroying the electronically active microcapsules that form the electronic circuit latent image 36 so that the electronic active material in the microcapsules can be peeled and developed to form a working electronic circuit. Alternatively, the developing means 42 can include a pressure roller 46 'that provides a breaking pressure to break the electronically active microcapsules. As will be described later, the printer 10 of the present invention can be used to form an electronic circuit having a three-dimensional structure, in which case a heat source is used to break the microcapsules to form a working electronic circuit. Is preferred. It is conceivable that the developer is present on the recording sheet in the form of microcapsules. Alternatively, the developer can be applied by spraying, dipping, etc., or can be applied by other methods consistent with the prior art.

  In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, recording sheet supply means 48 is provided for supplying the recording sheet 48 ′ to the image receiving means 12. The recording sheet 48 'supports the electronically active microcapsule layer and the locally adsorbed field microcapsule layer. In this way, a recording sheet 48 ′, which can be paper, synthetic paper, plastic or other suitable medium, is first placed on the operable surface 50 of the locally variable suction field plate 14. Next, the control means controls the locally variable suction field plate 14. The control means includes changing means for selectively changing each local suction field at a corresponding individual position of the local suction field plate while the field suction microcapsules are cascaded from the microcapsule source 26. In this way, the electronic circuit forming microcapsule layer 30 can be formed.

  Alternatively, the electronic circuit forming microcapsule layer 30 can be provided on the recording sheet 48 ′ before being disposed adjacent to the locally variable suction field plate 14. Next, an additional layer of the field adsorbing microcapsules 24 can be provided on the electronic circuit forming microcapsule layer 30 at the selected position by changing the adsorption field at the individual position of the local variable adsorption field plate 14. For example, the electronic circuit-forming microcapsule layer can include a layer of developed microcapsules. A uniform (two-dimensional) or non-uniform (three-dimensional) layer of electronically active microcapsules can be formed on the layer and then imagewise exposed to form an electronic circuit latent image. The encapsulated developer and encapsulated exposed electronic active material are peeled off by pressure, heat, etc. and mixed together to obtain a working electronic circuit developed from the electronic circuit latent image.

  Alternatively, the electronic circuit forming microcapsule layer 30 can be provided by applying a uniform suction field such as a uniform electrostatic field to the electrostatic suction means 70 disposed adjacent to the surface of the locally variable suction field plate 14. In addition, additional microcapsules can be deposited at individual locations by changing the local adsorption field. For example, the uniform electronic circuit forming microcapsule layer 30 can be provided by electrostatic attraction, and the additional field adsorptive microcapsule layer 24 having a thickness that can vary from position to position is selected by the local variable attraction field plate 14. It can be provided by magnetic attraction in possible individual positions.

  The printer 10 of the present invention can further include additional printing means 52 such as another printer, which is formed by the image receiving means 12 and the image forming means 34 provided before or after the local variable suction field plate 14. An electronic circuit added to the electronic circuit can be arranged on the recording sheet 48 '. This other printer can be, for example, a laser printer, another microcapsule type printer, an impact printer, a thermal printer, an inkjet printer, or other suitable printer. In this way, combinations of various types of printed electronic circuits can be provided on a single recording sheet 48 '. For example, a lightweight, high brightness, flexible display substrate and OLED portion can be printed on a recording sheet 48 'using an ink jet printer and then another battery portion including an electrode sandwiching an electrolyte. Circuit devices can be printed on the same recording sheet 48 'using the image receiving means 12 and the image forming means 34 described herein.

  Next, an alternative embodiment of the microcapsule supply means 22 is shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). In this embodiment, the microcapsule supply means 22 includes a microcapsule storage means 80 for storing a plurality of field adsorbing microcapsules 24 at a position adjacent to the local variable adsorption field plate 14. At least some can be adsorbed to components of the locally variable adsorption field plate 14 to form a layer of field adsorbable microcapsules 24. The field adsorptive microcapsules 24 can be dry, in which the microcapsules are not dispersed in the dispersion 82, or wet, in which the microcapsules are dispersed in the dispersion 82, as shown. Furthermore, the dispersion 82 can be stirred by a fluid pump (not shown) or the like to maintain a uniform statistical distribution of the microcapsules dispersed therein.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, when a uniform adsorption field (such as a uniform magnetic field or a uniform electrostatic field) is applied, an electronic circuit forming microcapsule layer is formed on the operable surface 50 of the locally variable adsorption field plate 14. 30 is formed. When a non-uniform adsorption field is applied, a locally encapsulated adsorption field microcapsule 24 creates a microcapsule layer (which can include electronically active microcapsules that form an electronic circuit).

  FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (c) schematically illustrate one possible method for forming an electronic circuit having a three-dimensional structure. Several other ways of achieving the desired result in accordance with the present invention can be utilized, some of which are described herein. However, the method of obtaining a desired electronic circuit utilizing the present invention shown in and described in these drawings illustrates various components of alternative combinations that are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

  FIG. 3A is a side view of the locally variable suction field plate 14 on which the flat microcapsule layer 30 is formed. This flat microcapsule layer can be formed on the recording sheet 48 ′ (as shown in FIG. 1), or it can be formed directly on the operable surface 50 of the locally variable adsorption field plate 14 and on which the electrons are placed. It can be used as a substrate on which a circuit is formed. In that case, a cured and developed microcapsule that, when cured, may be left on the support sheet or simply left as support on itself if an appropriate microcapsule composition is selected Thus, a self-supporting structure can be formed. The flat microcapsule layer 30 can be formed by applying a uniform electrostatic field or uniform magnetic field to attract the microcapsules, and may be unnecessary depending on the application.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the stacking of the three-dimensional structure of the electronic circuit-forming microcapsules includes peaks and valleys, for example, wire leads, antennas, RF receiving components, RF transmitting components, photoreactive and active circuit elements. Create semiconductor devices such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and transistors. FIG. 3 (b) further shows a radiation source 38 that irradiates the three-dimensional structure of the electronic circuit-forming microcapsules with image carrier radiation 40 and selectively exposes the microcapsules according to imagewise exposure of the image carrier radiation. . FIG. 3 (c) shows the three-dimensional structure of the electronic circuit-forming microcapsule after being developed and cured. The formed electronic circuit can include capacitors, resistors, wires, coils, multilayer batteries, and any other circuit elements that can be fabricated using the microcapsule material added in accordance with the present invention.

  4 (a) to 4 (d) show various compositions of the microcapsules utilized in the present invention. These specific compositions are merely examples and do not limit the possible compositions of the microcapsules. In embodiments of the present invention, several types of microcapsules are provided that include compositions that can be utilized to form electronic circuit components. Depending on the internal phase or shell composition of the microcapsules, they are electrostatic and / or magnetic field adsorbent. Thus, these microcapsules can be used in the printer of the present invention to form electronic circuits using the printing method of the present invention.

  For example, the internal phase of the microcapsule can include a conductive material such as a metal or conductive polymer, a resistive material such as carbon, an insulating material such as a non-conductive polymer, and / or a semiconductor material. Microcapsules can include materials having only one such electrical property, or can include a single material having a mixture of materials or a combination of electrical properties. In addition, the microcapsule shell can provide its own electrical or mechanical properties to the final formed electrical circuit. For example, the microcapsule shell can be constructed of a hard or curable material that provides the desired support strength for the printed object in accordance with the present invention. Compared to electrically active microcapsules utilized in inkjet printing of electronic devices, the microcapsules and printing methods and apparatus of the present invention provide a more effective means for creating working electronic circuits. As noted above, several electrical components can be rapidly made up from field-adsorbing microcapsules that are selectively adsorbed in the desired three-dimensional shape according to the present invention. In an inkjet printing method for forming electrical components, a continuous pass and spray of ink is performed to create an electrical active material of the desired thickness. The invention in which a relatively large number of microcapsules are adsorbed by increasing the local adsorption field strength at the desired location to create the required three-dimensional structure and using the printing method of the invention to form the functional components of the operating electronics This process is slower than

  Such a microcapsule composition can include an electrostatically attractable material, which can utilize the electrostatically attractable components of the printer embodiments of the present invention. The shell of the microcapsule can be a hot melt material that forms at least a semi-rigid, strong monolithic structure when the working electronic circuit is cured.

  FIG. 4B shows the composition of the battery or capacitor forming the microcapsule. A battery is generally composed of an anode part and a cathode part with an electrolyte interposed therebetween. In accordance with the present invention, an electrical energy storage device can be fabricated using the field adsorptive microcapsule printing method of the present invention. In that case, the microcapsule can be constituted by a microcapsule wall and an internal phase. The microcapsule wall can have a composition that includes a metal composition M, or the internal phase can include a composition that has a metal composition M (or both the wall and the internal phase are metals such as nickel, lithium, lead, etc. A composition comprising The electrolyte is encapsulated in a polymer shell (which can be a conductive polymer) as shown in microcapsule E. By encapsulating the electrolyte as an internal phase in a field-adsorbing microcapsule, an electrolyte layer having a desired thickness can be easily formed using the printing method of the present invention.

  In accordance with the present invention, flexible batteries, required capacitors, resistors, antennas, inductors, windings, coils, electrical leads, thin, lightweight, high brightness displays, including all color OLED based display components, and all other components Can be formed using the field adsorptive microcapsule printing method of the present invention.

  For example, a flexible substrate is provided as a durable, insulating and protective base on which various battery, input, display and electrical circuit layers are formed. The flexible substrate can be, for example, a plastic sheet made of nylon, polyethylene, or other suitable material. The flexible battery is formed on a flexible substrate. The large surface area of the flexible substrate can form a very thin battery with adequate energy storage capacity. The battery of the present invention is obtained by forming a microcapsule electrically active material layer that constitutes a component of a working battery. The cathode part is formed by forming a first cathode microcapsule layer. The encapsulated cathode material (indicated by M in FIG. 4 (b)) can be constituted by a high purity manganese dioxide (MnO.sub.2) internal phase M contained within a polymer shell. The first battery lead is formed by printing an electrode sheet using the printing method of the present invention. The first battery lead (electrode sheet) is formed on the first cathode microcapsule layer, and the second cathode microcapsule layer is formed on the battery lead layer. The anode part is formed by forming a first anode microcapsule layer. The encapsulated anode material can be composed of an inner layer of lithium-containing material stored in a polymer shell. A second battery lead is formed adjacent to the first anode microcapsule layer (again, the sheet electrode is formed using the conductive encapsulating material and the printing method of the present invention). A second anode microcapsule layer is formed over the battery lead. There is an electrolyte between the anode and cathode. The electrolyte layer can be a highly conductive electrolyte within the polymer matrix. The electrolyte layer can be formed by microencapsulating a liquid electrolyte internal phase in a field adsorbing microcapsule (microcapsule E).

  As shown in FIG. 4 (c), other field-adsorbing microcapsule formulas can be used to create other electronic circuit components. For example, the magnetic grid of the present invention can include an iron-containing core disposed within the printed winding (in practice, the winding can be formed as a three-dimensional spiral around the iron-containing core). An iron-containing core can be formed using the microcapsule F containing iron-containing material such as iron, using the printing method of the present invention. Also, non-ferrous materials such as aluminum (microcapsule nF) can be microencapsulated to produce non-magnetic or pseudo-magnetic reactive electronic components using the printer and printing method of the present invention.

  FIG. 4 (d) shows a heat-meltable microcapsule 84, exposing the microcapsule to selectively cure by irradiating infrared with different wavelengths imagewise and using heat instead of pressure. Capsule can be broken. Such a microcapsule composition is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,916,042. In addition, other compositions of microcapsules that can be thermally melted to break are contemplated by the present invention. For example, the microcapsule wall can be composed of a material that melts uniformly when heat is applied at a specific temperature. In this manner, the developing means 42 can include a heat source 46 that creates a working electronic circuit from the electronic circuit latent image by applying a temperature that destroys the microcapsules without applying pressure. Developer (which may be required as a catalyst to form certain electronic circuit materials from microencapsulated precursor materials) can be included in the form of microcapsules and destroyed with electronically active microcapsules . It is also possible to provide a light source such as a laser that provides electromagnetic radiation at a specific wavelength effective for the heat-meltable microcapsule 84 to absorb and generate heat.

  5 (a) and 5 (c) show a part of the locally variable adsorption field plate 14, and each magnetic variable pixel is constituted by the upper surface of the core 64 of each electromagnetic source 62 that can be individually controlled. This configuration is merely illustrative and also represents an electrostatic variable pixel and an individually controllable electrostatic source (in which case the structure does not include an iron core but provides multiple individually controllable suction field sources). . As shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c), the locally variable suction field plate 14 includes a plurality of individually controllable suction field sources each connected to a corresponding individual position of the controllable surface 50. 50. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c), the core top of the individually controllable electromagnetic source 62 acts as a magnetically variable pixel.

  These magnetically variable pixels are equally spaced and individual controllable electromagnetic sources 62 are placed in a magnetic insulating material so that the influence of each individual magnetic pixel is limited to the magnetic edge effect on its neighboring magnetic pixels. As more clearly shown in FIG. 5 (b), some of the magnetically variable pixels have a uniform magnetic field 86 or no magnetic field. Other magnetically variable pixels have a relatively weak additional magnetic field 88 and yet other magnetically variable pixels have a relatively strong additional magnetic field 90. Each magnetic pixel has a current in the individually controllable electromagnetic source 62 such that when a maximum current of one polarity is applied to the individual controllable electromagnetic source 62, it has a magnetic field strength that can be applied at some strength from the maximum positive magnetic field. Can be controlled to zero magnetic field when no current is applied, and to a maximum negative magnetic field when the maximum positive current is applied to the individually controllable electromagnetic source 62. In the prior art, the magnetic field can be described as the north or south pole.

  As shown in FIG. 5C, when a uniform magnetic field is applied to the magnetically variable pixel, a uniform electronic circuit forming microcapsule layer 30 is formed. Alternatively, as discussed in other figures, the uniform electronic circuit forming microcapsule layer 30 can be formed by electrostatic adsorption. Pixels with a relatively weak additional magnetic field 88 form a stack of three-dimensional structures of microcapsules that are attracted to a relatively weak magnetic field. This stack of microcapsules can effectively form various electronic circuit components. The electrical properties of the formed electronic circuit component depend on the composition and three-dimensional structure of the adsorbed microcapsules. A pixel with a relatively strong additional magnetic field 90 has a stack of three-dimensional structures of microcapsules that are attracted to a relatively strong magnetic field. According to the present invention, the number of microcapsules stacked and thus the final dimension of the three-dimensional structure formed by the microcapsule stacking depends on the strength of the magnetic field applied through each magnetically variable pixel. Alternatively, electrostatically variable pixels can be utilized to provide the same structure and, in a known manner, a laser printer engine can be used to create electrostatic attraction variations on the surface of a rotating drum or plate. In accordance with the present invention, a laser printer can be used to print electronic circuit elements by providing a toner composition, the toner content including a suitable electrically active component. In this case, several toner sources can be selected and attracted to the electrostatic attraction plate or drum, each toner source having a toner composition suitable for the desired formation of the electronic circuit element.

  FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) show a method of forming an electronic circuit element having a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention. For example, a structure having a three-dimensional structure 140 of microcapsules adsorbed to individual variable pixels having a relatively weak additional magnetic field and a three-dimensional structure 142 of microcapsules adsorbed to individual variable pixels having a relatively strong magnetic field is formed. The structure of the microcapsules 138 stacked on the locally variable adsorption field plate 14 is shown. In this embodiment, the microcapsules are thermally expandable and can be thermally expanded by applying heat. Curing can be accomplished by thermal expansion of the microcapsules to reduce the density of the encapsulated electroreactive material contained within the electronic device being fabricated. This control of device density may be advantageous to allow the formation of circuit elements such as resistors, capacitors, etc. having the desired electrical characteristics.

  FIG. 7 illustrates the thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display of the present invention, and schematically illustrates the simultaneous display of three received display signals. The thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display of the present invention includes a flexible substrate that provides a support structure upon which components can be fabricated by a printing method. As described in co-assigned US patent application “A Thin, Lightweight, Flexible, Bright, Wireless Display” of the same assignee incorporated herein as part of this disclosure, display information may be single or A unique and effective way of transmitting to multiple displays allows such displays to be substantially free of onboard storage and processing power. In accordance with this aspect of the invention, the energy consumption, volume, weight and cost normally associated with such devices are avoided, increasing the durability and simplicity of the display. Furthermore, as schematically shown in FIG. 7, multiple streams of display information can be received and displayed simultaneously. For example, broadcast video content such as a television program can be shown in a first part of the display, personal video content such as a videophone conversation can be shown in a second part, and a web containing mapped hyperlink content The page can be shown in the third part. Most of the processing, networking, signal tuning, data storage, etc. that is performed to create such a set of displayed content streams is not performed with the wireless display of the present invention. Because other devices such as a centralized computer, A / V or gateway device perform these functions, the display of the present invention can have tremendous mobility and convenience.

  FIG. 8 shows several layers forming the thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness wireless display of the present invention. The flexible substrate 210 provides a durable, insulating and protective base on which various battery, input, display and electrical circuit layers are formed. The flexible substrate 210 can be, for example, a plastic sheet made of nylon, polyethylene, or other suitable material. A flexible battery 212 is formed on the flexible substrate 210. The large surface area of the flexible substrate 210 can form a very thin battery with adequate energy storage capacity. As noted above, the flexible battery 212 can be formed using the microcapsule printing method of the present invention, or various component sheets can be laminated together to form a flexible substrate and battery support sheet. A support sheet on which a display and an electronic circuit are formed can be formed. Generally, a flexible battery according to the present invention includes a cathode layer 214, which can be formed by a cathode membrane. The cathode layer 214 can be made of a high-purity manganese dioxide (MnO.sub.2) material. A current collector 216 formed of metal foil, screen, mesh or equivalent material is disposed adjacent to the cathode layer 214. This current collector 216 forms the positive lead of the battery. The anode layer 217 is composed of an anode film having a current collector 216 disposed adjacent thereto. The anode layer 217 can be composed of a lithium-containing material. Current collector 216 forms the negative lead of the battery. There is an electrolyte layer between the anode layer 217 and the cathode layer 214. The electrolyte layer 218 can be a microcapsule composed of a highly conductive electrolyte in a polymer matrix. The electrolyte layer 218 can be formed by impregnating a polymer with a liquid electrolyte, or using the printing method of the present invention to microencapsulate the liquid electrolyte internal phase in a field-adsorbing microcapsule shell.

  FIG. 8 schematically illustrates a thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display of the present invention. The display of the present invention is expensive to manufacture, but is rugged and very effective. The flexible substrate 210 provides a structure on which various layers constituting the display are formed, and a display having a high degree of flexibility and durability is considered. The flexible substrate 210 can be, for example, plastic, paper or coated paper, or other suitable material.

  The battery layer 212 provides electrical energy to the electronic circuit layer 220, the user input layer 222 and the display layer 224. The battery layer 212 can include a first current collector 216 layer printed on a flexible insulating substrate, which can be a flexible substrate 210. One of the anode layer 217 or the cathode layer 214 is printed on the first current collector 216 layer. A microencapsulated electrolyte layer 218 is printed on the anode layer 217 or the cathode layer 214. The other of the anode layer 217 or the cathode layer 214 is printed on the electrolyte layer 218, and a second current collector 216 layer is printed on the anode layer 217 or the cathode layer 214. The dimension of the battery layer 212 can be substantially the entire surface area of the wireless display. In this way, a very efficient and thin battery can be formed. Because the battery creates a signal shielding effect, it is desirable to use a surface area that is less than the total surface area available for battery formation and to arrange the antenna to receive signals from most directions. Alternatively, it may be advantageous to create shielding and / or transmission signal directivity utilizing shielding and signal reflection capabilities. Further, the battery layer 212 may be composed of multiple layers to increase the storage density of the battery and adapt the electrical characteristics.

  The wireless display of the present invention also includes an electronic circuit layer 220. The components of the electronic circuit layer 220 can be formed using printing methods, or can be formed using other techniques such as surface mount circuit assemblies, or depending on the electronic component and circuit design. It can be formed from a combination. The electronic circuit layer 220 includes a signal transmission component 226 that transmits a user input signal. These user input signals are used to control remote devices such as computers, A / V devices, videophone devices, appliances, and home lighting. User input signals can be sent directly to the controlled device, or, as described herein, received by a central device such as a computer and used to control the device.

  An important aspect of the present invention is the ability to provide a thin, lightweight, high brightness, wireless display device that is inexpensive and easy to manufacture. Typically, mobile display devices such as laptop computers and web pads require on-board processing capabilities to receive wireless modem signals connected to, for example, the Internet and display web pads. It is an object of the present invention to completely avoid the need for such processing power in a display, reduce cost, size, and battery consumption, and increase durability and effectiveness. Thus, in accordance with the present invention, a signal receiving component 228 is included in the electronic circuit layer 220 that receives display information, and a display driving component 230 is included to drive the display layer in accordance with the received display information. As described herein, the signal receiving component 228 consists of devices such as RF antennas and receiving circuits, many or all of which create a circuit of electronic components formed by the microcapsule printing method of the present invention. Can be formed.

  The thin, lightweight, high brightness, wireless display of the present invention also includes a user input layer 222 that receives user input and generates user input signals. The user input layer 222 can be a grid of conductive coils 232 that can be formed by printing a conductive material, such as a conductive polymer, by a printing method.

  The conductive coil 232 is effective in generating a current when a magnetic field passes over the coil. A detection circuit (not shown) detects the position of the induced current and locates the user input (as in a conventional touch screen input device).

  User input layer 222 may include a grid of conductive elements printed on insulating layer 234. The conductive element is for inducing a detectable electrical signal in response to a moving magnetic field. The moving magnetic field is created, for example, through a magnetic nib on the surface of the wireless display of the present invention. User input can be mapped by the position of a conductive element having an induced magnetic field. This mapped input can be sent to a central computer device (as described herein) to allow hyperlink access for Internet-based content, handwriting recognition, drawings, highlighting text, and the like.

  Referring again to FIG. 8, a display layer 224 that includes light emitting pixels for displaying information is supported by a substrate. Display layer 224 is preferably taught in co-assigned US patent application “A Thin Lightweight, Flexible, Bright, Wireless Display”, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein as part of this disclosure. It is manufactured along the line. The display layer 224 can be formed over other layers of the wireless display of the present invention. These other layers can be formed by a print fabrication method or can be formed by other means. For example, all or a portion of the battery layer 212 described herein can be formed by laminating sheets of suitable materials such as an anode, cathode, charge collector, and electrolyte layer.

  The light emitting pixels 240 of the display layer 224 can be formed by providing an insulating layer 234, such as a sheet of polymer sheet material laminated or printed on the display layer of the present invention. An x or y-electrode layer 242 containing a line of conductive material is preferably formed on the insulating layer by printing a conductive polymer on the insulating layer 234. A pixel layer of light emitting conductive polymer island 240 is printed on the y-electrode layer 242. A y or x-electrode layer 244 containing lines is formed on the pixel layer.

  The display layer 224 can include printed conductive leads connected to each light emitting pixel that selectively applies electrical energy to each light emitting pixel under the control of a display driving component. The signal receiving component 228 has a first radio frequency receiving component for receiving a first display signal having first display information carried on a first radio frequency and a second display information carried on a second radio frequency. A second radio frequency receiving component may be included that receives a second display signal having: The display driving component 230 receives the first display signal and the second display signal and receives the first display information at the first position on the display layer 224 and the second position at the second position on the display layer 224. It may also include a signal processor component such as a DSP that generates display drive signals that simultaneously display display information. This structure can be used, for example, to receive a display signal from a computer located in one room in the home, for example, from a television set-top box located in another room in the home. Display signals can be received. Information carried in the two display signals is displayed at the same time, allowing, for example, simultaneous web browsing and TV viewing on the wireless display of the present invention. Furthermore, the wireless display of the present invention can be configured to receive and display more than two such signals simultaneously.

  The display layer 224 can be formed such that the three layers of pixel elements overlap each other. Each layer is composed of OLED pixels 240 that generate color light (like conventional color television pixels 240). By controlling the on / off state and / or light intensity of each pixel 240, a full color display is obtained. A transparent protective substrate 246 can be provided on the display layer 224, and the protective substrate 246 can be, for example, a transparent, durable, flexible polymer.

  In accordance with the present invention, at least some of the components in electronic circuit layer 220 are formed by printing electrically active materials to form circuit elements including resistors, capacitors, inductors, antennas, conductors, and semiconductor devices. Thereby, a highly compatible, efficient and effective manufacturing process is conceivable, and the apparatus of the present invention can be realized at low cost.

  FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the thin, flexible, lightweight, high brightness, wireless display of the present invention fabricated using a microcapsule printer. A stack of microcapsule layers represented by round microcapsule elements is shown. Of course, in practice, these layers are developed and the microcapsules are destroyed. In the case of laser toner, the microcapsules are melted and destroyed. In the case of a microcapsule printer, the microcapsules are probably destroyed by pressure rollers or heat. Alternatively, some microcapsules do not require development and have a composition such that non-destructive or non-development microcapsules become part of the electronic device from which they were made.

  In accordance with the present invention, a thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display is obtained having components that can be fabricated by a printing method. The flexible substrate 210 provides a support structure on which components can be fabricated by printing methods. A display layer 224 including luminescent pixels is provided for displaying information. The light emitting pixels are formed by printing a pixel layer 240 of light emitting conductive polymer. The display layer 224 includes printed conductive leads 242 and 244 associated with each light emitting pixel that selectively applies electrical energy to each light emitting pixel under the control of the display driving component, and the light emitting pixel is provided with an insulating layer 234. , Printing a y-electrode layer 242 including a line of conductive material formed on the insulating layer 234, printing a pixel layer of the light-emitting conductive polymer island 240 on the y-electrode layer 242, and on the pixel layer 240 It is formed by printing an x-electrode layer 244 containing a line of transparent conductive material.

  The electronic circuitry layer 220 includes a user input mapping component that receives user input signals and determines the physical location on the display from which they are received. The user input mapping component generates a mapped user input signal. For example, a component of an electrode signal detection circuit, such as used by a touch screen device, can be utilized to detect and map user input signals received in response to movement of a magnetic nib on an input grid. . The signal transmission component transmits the mapped input signal as a wireless information signal from the wireless display device of the present invention. The signal receiving component receives display information. The signal receiving component has a first radio frequency receiving component that receives a first display signal having first display information carried on a first radio frequency, and a second display information carried on a second radio frequency. A second radio frequency receiving component may be included for receiving a second display signal having. The display driving component receives the first display signal and the second display signal, and displays the first display information at the first position on the display layer 224 and the second display at the second position on the display layer 224. A display driving signal for simultaneously displaying information is generated.

  The signal transmission and signal reception components include known electronic circuit elements such as antennas, resistors, inductors, capacitors, and other RF circuit devices represented by electronic component 227. At least some of these devices, as well as other layer components of the wireless display of the present invention, can be fabricated directly using the printer and printing method of the present invention. The display driving component drives the display layer according to the received display information. These display drive components consist of known circuits, such as a conventional LCD screen drive circuit. However, conventional LCD screens can allow selective passage of the backlight using pixels comprised of liquid crystal shutters. In accordance with the present invention, an organic light emitting device is used as the pixel. Since each pixel emits its own light when driven, no backlight is required, and the overall circuit complexity, cost and weight are reduced compared to LCD technology.

  The user input layer 222 receives user input and generates a user input signal. The user input layer 222 includes a grid of conductive elements 232 printed on an insulating layer, the conductive elements 232 for inducing a detectable electrical signal in response to a moving magnetic field.

  The battery layer 212 provides electrical energy to the electronic circuit layer 220, user input layer 222, and display layer 224 components. The battery layer 212 includes a first current collector layer 216 printed on a flexible insulating substrate, which can be the flexible substrate 210. An anode layer 217 is printed on the first current collector layer. An electrolyte layer 218 is printed on the anode layer 217 collector layer. A cathode layer 214 is printed on the electrolyte layer 218 and a second current collector layer 216 is printed on the cathode layer 214. In accordance with the present invention, many of the components within the wireless display of the present invention are formed by printing electrically active materials to form circuit elements including resistors, capacitors, inductors, antennas, conductors and semiconductor devices.

  More particularly, the large surface area of the flexible substrate 210 with respect to the battery layer 212 can form a very thin battery with adequate energy storage capability. As described herein, forming flexible substrates and battery support sheets by laminating various component sheets together to form a support sheet on which displays and electronic circuits are formed. it can. In accordance with this aspect of the present invention, a flexible battery is formed using the field adsorbent microcapsule printing method of the present invention. However, other printing methods such as inkjet printing can be used in accordance with the formation of the flexible battery of the present invention. In the case of inkjet printing, the microcapsules including the constituent parts of the battery of the present invention are dispersed in a liquid and dispersed on the flexible substrate 210 by an inkjet printing method. In accordance with the present invention, a battery is obtained by forming a layer of microencapsulated electrically active material that constitutes a component of a working battery. The cathode part is formed by forming a first cathode microcapsule layer. The encapsulated cathode material can be composed of a high purity manganese dioxide (MnO.sub.2) internal phase contained within a polymer shell. A first battery lead formed of metal foil or screen or mesh or equivalent material is provided adjacent to the first cathode microcapsule layer. A second cathode microcapsule layer is formed over the battery lead. The anode part is formed by forming a first anode microcapsule layer. The encapsulated anode material can be composed of a lithium-containing material internal phase contained within a polymer shell. A second battery lead is formed of metal foil or screen or mesh or equivalent material and is provided adjacent to the first anode microcapsule layer. A second anode microcapsule layer is formed over the battery lead. There is an electrolyte layer between the anode and cathode. The electrolyte layer can be a highly conductive electrolyte within the polymer matrix. The electrolyte layer can be formed by microencapsulating a liquid electrolyte internal phase in a field adsorptive microcapsule shell. Each microcapsule layer can be cured or broken during each layer forming step, especially in the case of pressure or thermally destructible microcapsules, the battery component microcapsule layer is cured or broken together after formation of the top layer be able to. Using this method, the microcapsule printing method of the present invention provides a thin, flexible, lightweight power source. Similar to the structures described elsewhere, field adsorbable microcapsules containing suitable resins, polymers or other suitable materials are used to form structural material filled through-holes to form flexible battery component stacks. Strength can be added to prevent peeling. Furthermore, it is desirable to form the battery so that the electrolyte is encapsulated in an electrically insulating outer shell and activated only after being developed by pressure breakdown or the like to generate electricity. In this way, devices such as RF tags or wireless displays can have a long shelf life, and the devices are activated and used by breaking the electrolyte microcapsules.

  FIG. 9 (g) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the flexible rechargeable battery support sheet 248 used in accordance with the electronic circuit printing method of the present invention described herein. In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, the flexible rechargeable battery support sheet 248 is used as a support sheet on which a thin, lightweight, high brightness, flexible color display can be constructed. The rechargeable battery component can include a rechargeable plastic lithium ion battery. The battery component includes a plastic member 250, which is formed by impregnating plastic with a liquid electrolyte. The resulting plastic electrolyte member 250 is typically about 50% liquid and cannot leak. The plastic electrolyte member 250 is between a positive plastic electrode 252 (which can include lithium manganese oxide) mixed with an aluminum mesh 254 and a negative plastic electrode 256 (which can include carbon) mixed with a copper mesh 258. It is sandwiched between. In accordance with the present invention, the structural support substrate 260 is disposed adjacent to at least one surface of the rechargeable battery component. The structural shell substrate 260 can be a durable and flexible material such as, for example, fiberglass, plastic, or other suitable material. Thus, in accordance with the present invention, the flexible rechargeable battery support sheet 248 is a thin, lightweight, high brightness, flexible, color display circuit element described herein and a self-supporting energy source for supplying power to the display element. Can be used to provide. In this case, the flexible rechargeable battery support sheet 248 is provided as a substrate on which the remainder of the display of the present invention is formed. As also described herein, all or some of the component parts that make up the flexible rechargeable battery can be formed by the microcapsule printing method of the present invention. In this case, the energy source for the flexible rechargeable display of the present invention is the same print of the present invention as some or all of the other electronic and display components of the thin, light, high brightness, flexible color display of the present invention. Manufactured using technology. Since the display support elements are also used to store the electrical and electrical energy required to power the display components, the resulting display is very efficient, significantly reduces weight and minimizes space. Can be suppressed. Electrode lands and conductive through-holes are provided as needed (not shown) to connect the battery to the rest of the electronic components.

  FIG. 9 (b) shows a grid of conductive coils that are part of the user input layer of the thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display of the present invention. The user input layer includes a grid of conductive elements, each conductive element inducing a detectable electrical signal in response to a moving magnetic field. Alternatively, the user input layer may include a touch screen formed by printing a pressure sensing or capacitive sensing element on the insulating layer. In either case, the physical location of the user input is determined and a control signal is generated and transmitted to the remote device based on the determined physical location. By mapping the location of the hyperlink displayed on the wireless display of the present invention and correlating that location with the hyperlink mapped by the central computer (the layout of the wireless display is changed, e.g. web page etc. A gateway system that can send layout information to a display information sending device, and a single server can supply Internet, audio and video content to many wireless devices). It becomes possible.

  FIG. 9 (c) shows a magnetic pen stroke formed on a magnetic detection grid according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9C, the magnetic pen stroke is detected as a current induced in the coil of the user input layer. The user input position can be determined by this detected movement of the magnetic pen tip. Information regarding the mapping and tracking of the magnetic pen tip is transmitted wirelessly to a remote computer where handwriting recognition, hyperlink mapping and other useful processing takes place. Also, the wireless display or remote computer of the present invention can use this detected pen stroke to provide feedback to the user by controlling the display so that a visual representation of the movement of the pen stroke is shown.

  Various printing methods can be adapted to form the components of the wireless display of the present invention, including inkjet printing technology, the laser of the present invention, and microcapsule printing technology. Conductive coils are effective in generating a current when a magnetic field passes over the coil. A detection circuit (not shown) detects the position of the induced current and locates the user input (as in a conventional touch screen input device). The user input layer can include a grid of conductive elements printed on the insulating layer. The conductive element is for inducing a detectable electrical signal in response to a moving magnetic field. The moving magnetic field is created, for example, by passing a magnetic nib over the surface of the wireless display of the present invention. User input can be mapped by the position of a conductive element having an induced magnetic field. This mapped input can be sent to a central computer device (as described herein) to allow hyperlink access for Internet-based content, handwriting recognition, drawings, highlight text, and the like. FIG. 9D is an exploded view of the conductive coil. FIG. 9 (e) is an assembly view of conductive coils, and FIG. 9 (f) is a cross-sectional view of two conductive coils. Each conductive element can be formed in the form of a coil terminating at the x-electrode and y-electrode ends, and the grid of such coils includes a user input layer. Formation of a coil grid by the printing method of the present invention requires a stack of conductive coil layers on an insulating support, which can be a sheet or a printed insulating layer. As shown in FIG. 10, an insulating material can be printed between the conductive portions of the coil to create a flat top surface (sheet or print) over which another insulating layer is placed. An upper electrode layer is formed on the insulating layer to complete the coil grid. Through the through hole in the insulating layer, the upper electrode can be electrically connected to the printed coil.

  FIG. 9 (h) is a cross-sectional view of a multi-cell support sheet formed from the rechargeable battery structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 9 (g). A stack of flexible battery components 262 is sandwiched between an inner support substrate 264 and an outer support substrate 266. The support substrate not only provides electrical insulation between the battery element and other electronic circuit components, but also provides durability and protection to the display components. Each adjacent flexible battery component stack member shares a copper or aluminum mesh with its neighbors. The structural material filled through hole 268 increases strength and prevents flaking of the flexible battery component stack 262. The structural material can be, for example, a resin, polymer, or other suitable material.

  Next, another embodiment of the printer of the present invention for forming an electronic circuit in the microcapsule layer will be described. As shown in FIG. 10 (a), an image receiving means is provided for receiving an electronic circuit in the layer of the field adsorbing microcapsule 24. As shown in FIG. The image receiving means includes a locally variable suction field member, which includes a glass plate substrate 144 having a magneto-optical coating 146 disposed thereon. The information light source includes, for example, a bundle of fiber optic cables 148 used to carry optical information, each of which forms an individual fiber optic pixel. The ends of the individual optical fibers can be melted together to create a glass plate substrate, or a structure supported by the glass plate substrate 144 can be created. Further, instead of the magneto-optical coating 146, a photoelectric coating 146 that generates an electrostatic electrostatic field with a uniform or varied adsorption that attracts the electrostatic attracting microcapsules 24 can be used. By changing the spatial relationship and strength of the optical information sent through the fiber optic cable bundle, the magneto-optical or photoelectric coating 146 becomes adsorbable, and the field adsorbing microcapsules 24 are adsorbed on the selected portion of the adsorbing field member. Can do. In accordance with the present invention, the control means is connected to the information light source to control the locally variable suction field member so that the local suction field member can be selectively covered to form a layer of field attractive microcapsules 24. A suction field is selectively applied to the position of the member.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 (a) -10 (c), the control means includes the end of the optical fiber bundle and the selected position of the magneto-optical coating 146 so that the suction field is applied to the position of the suction field member. It is effective to control the suction strength of the suction field member by adding optical information incident on the suction field member. When excited by incident light, the magneto-optical coating becomes magnetically attractive, thereby placing the magnetically attractive microcapsules on the attractive field member.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 (a) -10 (c), a light beam is sent in the length direction of the optical fiber cable and incident on the photoelectric and / or magneto-optical coating 146 to generate a magnetic field and / or an electrostatic field. Apply suction fields to the corresponding individual positions of the opto-electric and / or magneto-optical coating 146, respectively. Both optomagnetic and optoelectric coatings 146 can be applied, for example, so that microcapsules 24 having different compositions can be selectively electrostatically and magnetically attracted to produce several effects. .

  The optical information source can be a phosphor coating 150 that emits light in response to an incident electron beam. The phosphor coating 150 includes a black and white phosphor screen that provides high contrast and gray shading and can change magneto-optical and photoelectric effects. A color phosphor screen can be used to provide color information, which has the effect of varying depending on the attributes of the opto-electric, magneto-optical coating 146.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 (c), unnecessary exposure of the microcapsule 24 by the optical information used to control the suction strength of the suction field member using the light shielding layer 152 can be prevented. Instead, the electronic active material of the magneto-optical layer and microcapsule 24 can react to different wavelengths of light to prevent premature exposure of the electronic active material.

  Next, with respect to FIG. 11 (a), uniform strength and / or wavelength can be incident on the magneto-optical coating 146 to provide a uniform magnetic field and obtain a uniform layer of microcapsules 24 having a flat topography. In addition, the electronic circuit is arranged at individual positions on the recording sheet with the rest of the recording sheet being bare, a three-dimensional electronic circuit is formed, or electronic circuits are selectively selected at various individual positions in a series of electronic circuit formation steps. In order to create various effects such as forming a composite electronic circuit on a recording sheet, light of various intensities and / or wavelengths is incident on the magneto-optical coating 146 to form a non-uniform magnetic field and various A non-uniform layer of microcapsules 24 with topography can be obtained.

  Information can be written into the magneto-optical coating 146 on the glass substrate 144 using a scanning laser from a laser source 156, as shown in FIG. Information can be selectively written onto the magneto-optical coating 146 at selected discrete locations by pulse-modulating the scanning laser. Information can be written onto the phosphor coating 150 using a scanning electron gun 158 as shown in FIG. In this case, the scanning electron gun 158 can be scanned using conventional magnetic field scanning techniques such as those used in conventional cathode ray tubes. In this manner, the phosphor screen generates light that is incident on the magneto-optical or photoelectric coating 146 to produce a magneto-optical and / or electrostatic effect at selected individual positions of the adsorption field member, so that the adsorptive microcapsules 24 A desired non-exposed electronic circuit latent image forming layer is formed.

  Information can be written to the magneto-optical and / or opto-electric coating 146 using an LCD matrix 160 or a matrix of light emitting diodes or diode lasers, as shown in FIGS. 12 (c) and 12 (d). In the case of the LCD matrix 160, a backlight can be provided, which is spatially modulated by the light valve effect of the LCD matrix 160. An LCD matrix 160 or a matrix of diode lasers (or LEDs) can be provided using known techniques for forming such devices.

  FIG. 13 shows an alternative embodiment in which the laser source 156 generates a light beam that scans the magneto-optical and / or opto-electric coating 146 on the attracting field member using a galvano scanner 162. To improve contrast and separate individual positions (ie, pixels) on the attracting field member, a magneto-optical and / or photoelectric coating 146 can be formed on the pixels. By etching the coating 146 into individual pixels, the individually induced fields of each individual pixel are included within the area of the separated pixels, and the influence of neighboring fields due to the field induced in each individual pixel. Try to reduce. Etching the coating can be accomplished using known masking / selective etching techniques such as those utilized in printed circuit fabrication. The laser beam can be pulse modulated to carry spatial electronics information. A galvano scanner 162 can be used to direct the pulse modulated laser beam to an electronic circuit latent image forming position on the suction field member. In this way, a locally varying adsorption field can be generated whereby the adsorptive microcapsules 24 are formed into a uniform layer with a flat structure or a non-uniform layer with a variable structure.

  FIG. 14 shows an embodiment in which the suction field member is configured as a rotating drum 164. The working surface of the rotating drum 164 is covered by a photoelectric and / or magneto-optical coating 146, and one or more laser beams scan across the surface of the rotating drum 164 one or more lines at a time to form a suction field. . In the case of multiple laser beams, spatial light information can be applied by modulating separate beams. Also, one or more of the optical fiber cables 148 can be used to direct light onto the rotating drum 164. Alternatively, various adsorption fields can be created using an electron beam.

  As shown in FIG. 15 (a), the suction field member configured as the rotating drum 164 can be hollow and includes, for example, a transparent substrate 144. One or more optical fiber cables 148, cathode ray tube, liquid crystal light valve (or other spatial light modulator) matrix, LED or diode laser matrix or other information carrying light source or other information carrying light source is a hollow rotating drum 164 In a position effective to radiate the opto-electrical and / or magneto-optical coating 146 disposed thereon. The optical information passes through the transparent drum 164 and the substrate 144 to make the opto-electric and / or magneto-optical coating 146 locally variable adsorptive.

  As shown in FIG. 15B, the photoelectric and magneto-optical coating 146 creates an adsorption field on the surface of the drum 164 by optical information from the information light source 165 disposed inside the hollow rotating drum 164. The microcapsules 24 from the microcapsule source 26 are adsorbed on the surface of the rotating drum 164 (or the surface of the recording sheet disposed on the rotating drum 164). As the drum 164 rotates, the microcapsule 24 layer is placed opposite another information light source 165 (which can be configured as described for the information light source located inside the drum 164). The other information light source 165 exposes the microcapsule 24 layer imagewise to create an electronic circuit latent image. The electronic latent image is then developed (not shown). The erasing device 167 can also be used to reset the photoelectric or magnetic field or electrostatic field of the magneto-optical coating 146.

  16 (a) -16 (d) show various configurations for the information light source. 16 (a) shows an information light source configured as an LED or diode laser matrix 166, FIG. 16 (b) shows an information light source configured as a liquid crystal light valve 160 having a backlight 168, and FIG. Shows an information light source configured as a cathode ray tube 170, and FIG. 16D shows an information light source configured as an optical fiber cable end array 172. The size of each element 174 in the array or matrix is exaggerated for illustration. Actual dimensions may vary depending on cost, required resolution, space, and the like.

1 is a schematic diagram of a printer according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of alternative microcapsule supply means showing the microcapsules dispersed in the fluid prior to forming the storage means and the electronic circuit forming microcapsule layer. It is sectional drawing of the alternative microcapsule supply means shown to Fig.2 (a) after forming an electronic circuit formation microcapsule layer. It is sectional drawing of the local variable adsorption field plate by which the flat microcapsule layer is arrange | positioned on it. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of electronic circuit-forming microcapsules stacked on a flat microcapsule layer on the working surface of a locally variable adsorption field plate. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a developed and cured three-dimensional structure electronic circuit on a locally variable suction field plate. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic circuit component forming microcapsule. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic circuit component forming microcapsule showing inclusions of an electrolyte internal phase having a conductive polymer shell and a metal internal phase having a conductive polymer shell. 1 is a schematic diagram of black electronic circuit component forming microcapsules and developer microcapsules. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat melting microcapsule. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a portion of a locally variable suction field plate showing pixels having a relatively weak applied field, pixels having a relatively strong applied field, and pixels having a uniform field or no field applied. FIG. 6 is a front view of a portion of the locally variable suction field plate shown in FIG. 5 (a) showing pixels with different applied applied field strengths. FIG. 4 is a front view of a portion of a locally variable suction field plate showing a stack of three-dimensional structures of microcapsules adsorbed at different applied field strengths. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the stacking of three-dimensional structures of adsorbed microcapsules. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the stacking of three-dimensional structures of thermally expanded microcapsules. FIG. 4 shows a thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display of the present invention that schematically illustrates the simultaneous display of three received display signals. 1 is a schematic diagram of the thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display layers of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a thin, flexible, lightweight, high brightness, wireless display of the present invention fabricated using a microcapsule printer. FIG. 4 shows a grid of conductive coils that are part of the user input layer of the thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the magnetic pen stroke formed on the magnetic detection grid by the magnetic pen of this invention. It is an exploded view of a conductive coil. It is an assembly drawing of a conductive coil. It is sectional drawing of two electroconductive coils. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a flexible rechargeable battery support sheet used in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-cell support sheet formed from the rechargeable battery structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 9 (g). It is a side view of the Example of the adsorption | suction field member which shows the optical fiber light directing device which injects light into the magneto-optical coating | cover covered on the transparent substrate. FIG. 11 is a side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 (a) in which the adsorption field member further includes a phosphor coating. Furthermore, it is a side view of the Example shown in FIG.10 (b) including a light-shielding layer. It is a side view of the adsorption | suction field member which adsorb | sucks the uniform layer of the microcapsule which has flat topography. FIG. 6 is a side view of an adsorption field member that adsorbs a non-uniform layer of microcapsules having various topography. FIG. 6 is a side view of an example of a suction field member showing a scanning laser used to write information on a magneto-optical coating. Figure 2 is an example of a suction field member showing a scanning electron gun used to write information on a phosphor coating. FIG. 5 is a side view of an embodiment of an attracting field member having an LCD matrix or a diode laser matrix used to write information on the magneto-optical coating. It is a front view of the adsorption | suction field member shown in FIG.12 (c). It is a figure which shows the Example by which a galvano scanner is used to scan on the adsorption | suction field member with a laser beam. It is an Example which shows the adsorption | suction field member comprised as a rotating drum. It is a perspective view which shows the Example by which an adsorption field generation | occurrence | production light source is arrange | positioned in a hollow rotating drum. It is a side view of the Example of Fig.15 (a) which shows the microcapsule attracted | sucked on a rotating drum and exposed imagewise. 2 is a separation view of a light source configured as an LED or diode laser matrix. FIG. It is a separation view of a light source configured as a liquid crystal light valve. FIG. 3 is a separation view of a light source configured as a cathode ray tube. 2 is a separation view of a light source configured as an array of fiber optic cable ends. FIG.

Claims (38)

  A printer that forms an electronic device using a microcapsule electric active material, and a suction field is selectively placed at a position of a locally variable suction field member or a locally variable suction field member that can form a field-adsorbable microcapsule Characterized in that the field adsorbing microcapsule includes an electrically reactive material and is predetermined according to the composition and dimensions of the field adsorbing microcapsule layer. A printer that forms electronic circuit components.   2. The printer for forming an electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the locally variable adsorption field member further includes at least one of a photoelectric and a magneto-optical coating formed on a substrate, A printer that generates a suction field in response to light incident on at least one.   3. A printer for forming an electronic device according to claim 2, wherein at least one of a photoelectric and a magneto-optical coating is etched into the pixel.   3. A printer for forming an electronic device as claimed in claim 2, further comprising directing means for making a light beam incident on at least one opto-electric and magneto-optical coating, corresponding to at least one of the opto-electric and magneto-optical coating. A printer that generates at least one of a magnetic field and an electrostatic field forming each suction field at an individual position.   5. A printer for forming an electronic device according to claim 4, wherein the directing means includes a plurality of optical fiber light guides.   5. A printer for forming an electronic device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the directing means further comprises a light beam source for generating a light beam and a scanning means for scanning the light beam on at least one of the opto-electric and magneto-optical coatings. And generating each suction field at an individual position corresponding to at least one of photoelectric and magneto-optical coating.   3. The printer for forming an electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the locally variable suction field member further includes a light emitting coating for generating light on a substrate, wherein the generated light is a photoelectric and magneto-optical coating. A printer that enters at least one and generates at least one of an electrostatic and magnetic attraction field.   2. The printer for forming an electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the field attracting microcapsule is magnetically attractable, and the locally variable attracting field member further applies each local attracting field as a magnetic attracting field. Printer including means.   2. The printer for forming an electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the field attracting microcapsules are electrostatic attracting, and the locally variable attracting field member further applies each local attracting field as an electrostatic attracting field. A printer including electrostatic field applying means.   The printer for forming an electronic device according to claim 1, wherein at least some of the field adsorptive microcapsules comprise at least one of thermal expansion and thermal melting composition.   A method of forming a thin, lightweight display having components that can be fabricated by a printing method, comprising: providing a support substrate that provides a support structure on which the components are fabricated by the printing method; and a light emitting pixel for displaying information Forming a display layer, wherein the light emitting pixels are formed by printing a pixel pattern of light emitting conductive polymer microcapsules; and a pattern of electrically reactive microcapsules at discrete locations on a support substrate. Forming an electronic circuit layer including an electronic device formed by printing; and forming a user input layer that receives user input and generates the user input signal, the user input layer being conductive Formed by printing a grid of elements, Forming a battery layer that provides electrical energy to the electronic circuit layer, user input layer, and display layer components; and And how to.   12. The method of forming a thin, lightweight display according to claim 11, wherein the battery layer is a first current collector layer, one of an anode layer and a cathode layer printed on the first current collector layer, An electrolyte printed on the anode layer and the one of the cathode layers; and the other one of the anode layer and the cathode layer printed on the electrolyte collector layer; and the other of the anode layer and the cathode layer A method comprising a second current collector layer printed on one of the layers.   12. A method of forming a thin, lightweight display as claimed in claim 11 wherein the display layer is connected to each light emitting pixel and selectively applies electrical energy to each light emitting pixel under the control of a display driving component. The light emitting pixel provides an insulating layer, prints a y-electrode layer including a line of conductive material formed on the insulating layer, and emits a light emitting conductive polymer island on the y-electrode layer. And printing an x-electrode layer comprising a line of transparent conductive material on the pixel layer.   12. A method of forming a thin, lightweight display according to claim 11, wherein the electronic circuit layer receives a first display signal having first display information carried at a first radio frequency. A signal receiving component including a radio frequency receiving component and a second radio frequency receiving component for receiving a second display signal having second display information carried on a second radio frequency, wherein a display driving component is said first driving component. And simultaneously displaying the first display information at the first position on the display layer and the second display information at the second position on the display layer. Signal processor for generating display drive signals The method comprising the components.   12. A method of forming a thin, lightweight display according to claim 11, wherein at least some of the components in the battery, display, user input and electronic circuit layers are printed with an electrically active material to form a resistor, a capacitor. Formed by forming circuit elements including an inductor, an antenna, a conductor and a semiconductor device.   A method of forming an electronic device using a microcapsule electrical active material, the method comprising: providing a substrate having a top surface that provides a support structure on which a component is fabricated by a microcapsule printing method; Adsorbing a layer to a discrete location on a substrate, wherein the field adsorbing microcapsule comprises an electrically reactive material, and an electronic circuit component predetermined according to the composition and dimensions of the field adsorbing microcapsule layer And a step capable of forming a method.   17. The method of forming an electronic device according to claim 16, wherein the electrically active material is at least a conductor, an insulator, a resistor, a semiconductor, an inductor, a magnetic material, a piezoelectric material, a photoelectric material, or a thermoelectric material. A method having one electrical property.   17. The method of forming an electronic device according to claim 16, wherein the layer of field adsorptive microcapsules comprises a number of layers of microcapsules that form a desired three-dimensional shape, and the electronic circuit components are stacked micro-devices. A method having electrical properties determined by the composition of the multiple layers of the capsule layer and the dimensions of the three-dimensional shape.   A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display having components that can be fabricated by a printing method, having a top surface that provides a support structure on which the components can be fabricated by the printing method A display layer including a flexible substrate and a light emitting pixel for displaying information, the light emitting pixel being formed by printing a pixel layer of a light emitting conductive polymer, and a user input signal to a display signal generator. A signal transmission component for transmitting and controlling display information transmitted therefrom, a signal reception component for receiving the display information transmitted from the display signal generating device, and a display driving core for driving a display layer according to the received display information. An electronic circuit layer including a component; a user input layer that receives user input and generates the user input signal; and a battery layer that provides electrical energy to the electronic circuit layer, user input layer, and display layer components; Thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display featuring.   20. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 19, wherein the battery layer forms a first current collector layer, an anode layer, a leakage preventing electrolyte layer, and a liquid conductive electrolyte and polymer. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display, comprising: an electrolyte layer comprising: a cathode layer; and a second current collector layer, wherein the battery layer is substantially formed over the entire top surface of the flexible substrate.   20. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 19, wherein the user input layer is electrically conductive to induce an electrical signal detectable by each conductive element in response to a moving magnetic field. Thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display including a grid of elements.   20. The thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display of claim 19, wherein the user input layer includes a touch screen formed by printing a pressure sensitive or capacitive sensing element on an insulating layer. Thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display.   20. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 19, wherein the display layer is connected to each light emitting pixel and selectively electrically connected to each light emitting pixel under the control of a display driving component. Thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display with conductive leads to add energy.   20. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 19, wherein the signal receiving component receives a first display signal having first display information carried on a first radio frequency. A first radio frequency receiving component for receiving and a second radio frequency receiving component for receiving a second display signal having second display information carried on a second radio frequency, wherein the display driving component is the first radio frequency receiving component. Receiving one display signal and the second display signal to simultaneously display the first display information at a first position on the display layer and the second display information at a second position on the display layer. Signal processor components that generate display drive signals Thin containing Component, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display.   20. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 19, wherein at least some of the components in the battery, display, user input and electronic circuit layers print electrically active material. Thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display formed by forming circuit elements including resistors, capacitors, inductors, antennas, conductors and semiconductor devices.   A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display having components that can be fabricated by a printing method, having a top surface that provides a support structure that can be fabricated by the printing method A display layer including a light emitting pixel for displaying information, the light emitting pixel including an insulating layer and printing a y-electrode layer including a line of conductive material formed on the insulating layer; A display layer formed by printing a pixel layer of a light-emitting conductive polymer island on the y-electrode layer and printing an x-electrode layer including a line of transparent conductive material on the pixel layer; and a user input signal Transmitting signal component, receiving signal component receiving display information, and receiving display An electronic circuit layer including a display driving component for driving the display layer according to information; a user input layer for receiving user input and generating the user input signal; and electrical to the electronic circuit layer, the user input layer and the display layer component Thin, lightweight, flexible, high-brightness, wireless display featuring a battery layer that provides dynamic energy.   27. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 26, wherein the battery layer is printed on a flexible insulating substrate, which can be a flexible substrate. A current collector layer; one of an anode layer and a cathode layer printed on the first current collector layer; a microcapsule electrolyte layer printed on the one of the anode layer and the cathode layer; and the electrolyte A second current collector layer printed on the other of the anode layer and the cathode layer and a second current collector layer printed on the other of the anode layer and the cathode layer, wherein the battery layer is a flexible substrate A thin, lightweight, flexible, high-brightness, wireless display formed over substantially the entire top surface.   27. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 26, wherein the user input layer induces an electrical signal detectable by each conductive element in response to a moving magnetic field. Thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display with a grid of conductive elements printed on top.   29. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 28, wherein each conductive element is formed in the form of a coil.   27. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 26, wherein the display layer is connected to each light emitting pixel and selectively electrically connected to each light emitting pixel under the control of a display driving component. Thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display with energized printed conductive leads.   27. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 26, wherein the signal receiving component has a first display signal having first display information carried on a first radio frequency. A first radio frequency receiving component for receiving and a second radio frequency receiving component for receiving a second display signal having second display information carried on a second radio frequency, the display driving component comprising: A display driving signal that receives one display signal and a second display signal and simultaneously displays first display information at a first position on the display layer and second display information at a second position on the display layer Including signal processor components that generate Type, light weight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display.   27. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 26, wherein at least some of the components in the battery, display, user input and electronic circuit layers print electrically active material. Thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display formed by forming circuit elements including resistors, capacitors, inductors, antennas, conductors and semiconductor devices.   A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display having components that can be fabricated by a printing method, providing a support structure on which the components are fabricated by the printing method, and a information A display layer comprising light emitting pixels for display, wherein the light emitting pixels are formed by printing a pixel layer of light emitting conductive polymer, and a physical layer on the display that receives and receives user input signals. A user input mapping component that determines the location and generates the mapped user input signal, a signal transmission component that transmits the mapped user input signal, a signal reception component that receives display information, and a display layer according to the received display information An electronic circuit layer including a display driving component for driving; a user input layer for receiving user input and generating the user input signal; and supplying electrical energy to the electronic circuit layer, the user input layer and the display layer component A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display featuring a battery layer.   34. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 33, wherein the battery layer is printed on a flexible insulating substrate, which can be a flexible substrate. A current collector layer; one of an anode layer and a cathode layer printed on the first current collector layer; an electrolyte layer printed on the one of the anode layer and the cathode layer; and the electrolyte layer A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness comprising the other of the anode layer and the cathode layer printed on the second current collector layer printed on the other of the anode layer and the cathode layer Wireless display.   34. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 33, wherein the user input layer is on an insulating layer that induces an electrical signal detectable by each conductive element in response to a moving magnetic field. Thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display that includes a grid of conductive elements printed on.   34. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 33, wherein the display layer is connected to each light emitting pixel and selectively electrically connected to each light emitting pixel under the control of a display driving component. A printed conductive lead for applying energy, wherein the light emitting pixel is provided with an insulating layer, printed with a y-electrode layer including a line of conductive material formed on the insulating layer, on the y-electrode layer; Thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display formed by printing a pixel layer of light emitting conductive polymer islands on the x layer and printing an x-electrode layer including a line of transparent conductive material on the pixel layer .   34. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 33, wherein the signal receiving component receives a first display signal having first display information carried at a first radio frequency. A first radio frequency receiving component for receiving and a second radio frequency receiving component for receiving a second display signal having second display information carried on a second radio frequency, the display driving component comprising: A display driving signal that receives one display signal and a second display signal and simultaneously displays first display information at a first position on the display layer and second display information at a second position on the display layer Including signal processor components that generate Type, light weight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display.   38. A thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display according to claim 37, wherein at least some of the components in the battery, display, user input and electronic circuit layers print electrically active material. Thin, lightweight, flexible, high brightness, wireless display formed by forming circuit elements including resistors, capacitors, inductors, antennas, conductors and semiconductor devices.

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