KR20090038591A - Image display device using charged particles and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

An image display device charged particles and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to enhance the adhesion property and image display quality by using the charged particle filling method. In a substrate, a partition is not installed. Charged particles are coated on the substrate by using a photoconductor. As a CGL(Charge Generation Layer)(3) having a pattern formed on a conductor supporting layer(1) and a CTL(Charge Transfer Layer)(4) are sequentially laminated, the photoconductor is made. To improve the adhesive force between the CGL and conductor supporting layer, a UCL(Under Coated Layer)(2) is inserted between the CGL and conductor supporting layer. A substrate in which a partition is installed is combined with the substrate on which the charged particles are coated.

Description

Image display device using charged particles and method for manufacturing the same

The present invention relates to an image display apparatus using charged particles and a method of manufacturing the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to an image display apparatus using charged particles having an improved laser printing method, and a manufacturing method thereof.

An image display apparatus using charged particles is a reflective display that forms a substrate by coating a transparent conductive film on a thin, bendable film substrate such as paper or plastic, and does not require an external light source for driving the charged particles between the substrates. The image display apparatus is an image display apparatus that is also attracting attention as a next-generation e-paper that will follow a liquid crystal display (LCD), a plasma display panel (PDP) and an organic light emitting device.

In particular, the electronic paper display device is a key element for implementing a flexible display, and is driven based on a principle of applying mobility to a conductive material by applying an electromagnetic field. That is, after the charged particles are distributed between the thin flexible substrates, the data is expressed by the change in the arrangement of the charged particles due to the change in polarity of the electromagnetic field. In this case, if the orientation of the charged particles occurs in any of the poles, there is no change in the positions of the particles even when the voltage is removed due to the memory effect, so that the image can be maintained as it is and ink printed on paper. Therefore, since there is no self-illumination, the visual fatigue is very low, so that comfortable viewing is possible, such as reading a real book, and flexibility and portability are secured by using a flexible substrate, which is a great expectation for the future flat display technology. In addition, as described above, since the image once implemented is maintained for a long time unless the substrate is reset, the power consumption is very low, and thus it is excellent as a portable display device.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a general electronic paper display device.

As shown in Fig. 1, the cell structure of a conventional electronic paper display device using charged particles has upper and lower substrates 10 and 60 formed of a material such as plastic or glass, and a driving voltage of the device on the upper and lower substrates. Upper and lower electrodes 20 and 70 formed of transparent electrodes ITO, upper and lower insulating layers 30 and 80 selectively coated on the upper and lower electrodes, and partition walls 40 that separate cells from the cells. ) And black and white charged particles 50 charged with (-) and (+) charges respectively present between the electrodes.

In the electronic paper display device having the above structure, when sufficient voltage is applied to the electrodes 20 and 70, the charged particles 50 move to each electrode according to the polarity. For example, when a negative voltage and a positive voltage are applied to the upper and lower electrodes 20 and 70, respectively, the black and white charged particles are directed toward the lower substrate 10 and the upper substrate 60 by the Coulomb force. Will move. Therefore, when the upper substrate is the viewing surface, it is displayed in white. Using this principle, voltages are initially applied to make all cells appear white, and then only black cells are displayed by applying a voltage opposite to a desired cell so that pictures or characters can be expressed.

Corona discharge, triboelectric discharge, spray method, and the like have been developed as a method of injecting charged particles into the upper or lower substrate for image display as described above. However, since the problem of plywood due to the deposition of charged particles on the partition wall during the plywood of the upper and lower substrates has been developed a technology for removing them.

Accordingly, the present invention is to provide a charged particle coating method having a low cost and easy operation while having the same effect as using a conventional laser printing method, to solve the above problems.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an image display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same having improved adhesion and image display using the charged particle filling method.

In order to achieve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a coating method of the charged particles for coating the charged particles on the substrate using a photosensitive member including a charge generating layer having a pattern.

In addition, the present invention includes the steps of (a) coating the charged particles on the substrate using the method for coating the charged particles, and (b) plywood the substrate on which the charged particles are coated and the partition wall is installed Provided are a method of manufacturing an image display apparatus using charged particles and an image display apparatus.

In addition, if necessary (c) after the step (a) of the charged particles coated on the substrate further comprises the step of laser etching the charged particles coated on the portion to be bonded to the partition in the step (b) It provides a method of manufacturing an image display device using.

As another embodiment of the present invention, the substrate is not provided with a partition wall on which a conductive film is stacked, the charged particles coated on the substrate using a photosensitive member having a patterned charge generating layer, and laminated on the substrate coated with the charged particles, Provided is an image display apparatus using charged particles including a substrate on which a partition is provided.

As another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a photoconductor comprising (1) forming a pattern on the charge generating layer, and (2) laminating a charge generating layer having the pattern on the conductive support. do.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a photoconductor including a conductor support layer, a patterned charge generating layer, a charge transport layer, and a coating underlayer.

According to the present invention, by changing the structure of the photoconductor to coat the charged particles on the substrate of the image display device, it is possible to provide an image display device and a manufacturing method thereof, in which the precision of the pattern is easily enhanced.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As a method for filling particles into an image display device, charged particles may be filled by laser printing. The filling method using laser printing is a toner printing method in which charged particles are sprayed onto a charged photosensitive drum and adsorbed, and then transferred to a substrate to be printed, as in the conventional laser printer principle. However, in the case of a substrate of an image display device, although particles have a predetermined pattern depending on the shape of the partition wall, an expensive laser oscillation device is required to use laser printing. In addition, even in the filling method, there is a difficulty in adjusting a series of processes such as operation of a laser oscillator and a rotating mirror each time.

Conventional laser printer principles are as follows.

First, a photosensitive drum is charged by applying a negative voltage of several hundred volts with laser light emitting and scanning means such as corona wire or charging roller.

The laser is irradiated to the surface of the photosensitive drum during the writing process so that a latent image of an image is formed on a specific portion. That is, the photosensitive drum is charged to the light-receiving part in the (+) state, the non-lighting part is charged in the (-) state by the tube coated with the photosensitive material on the surface.

Then, negatively charged toner particles are adsorbed to the (+) latent latent image portion of the photosensitive drum during the developing process.

Then, the toner image formed on the photosensitive drum in the transferring process is transferred to the printing object passing through the upper part of the transfer part charged with (+). That is, the negatively charged toner particles located on the drum are transferred to the printing target and subjected to the fixing process.

Then, in the fixing process, the to-be-transferred print object is passed through a heating and pressurizing means for fixing.

Finally, the cleaning process neutralizes the state of charge of the photosensitive drum in a physical or electrical manner and cleans the surface.

The structure of the photoconductor (PC) used in the conventional laser printing method is generally an under coated layer (UCL), a charge generation layer (UCL) on a conductor support layer as shown in FIG. , CGL) and a charge transfer layer (CTL) are stacked. Here, when the surface of the photoreceptor is charged with (-), electrons generated by laser light passing through the charge transport layer (CTL) and reaching the charge generation layer (CGL) are grounded through the coating underlayer (UCL). It disappears into the support layer, and only holes move to the surface through the charge transport layer to reverse the charge on the surface.

According to the above-described conventional laser printing method, the laser oscillation apparatus must be provided as described above, and the cumbersome process of oscillator and rotating mirror is required every time so that the desired image latent image is generated on the surface of the photoconductor during particle coating. There is this.

In addition, according to the above-described conventional laser printing method, since heat and pressure must be applied for fixing, it is limited in terms of material and thickness to be printed. That is, the substrate to be printed must not only be able to withstand heating and pressurization, but can also cause damage to the charged particles by compression.

However, according to the present invention, the charged particles may be coated on the substrate using a photoconductor including a conductor support layer, a patterned charge generating layer, a charge transport layer, and a coating underlayer. The pattern is the same as the cell pattern of the image display apparatus using the charged particles.

The photoconductor may be prepared by (1) forming a pattern on the charge generating layer, and (2) laminating a charge generating layer having the pattern on the conductive support.

Thus, when using the photoconductor according to the present invention, there is no need for a laser device for generating an image on the photoconductor surface. That is, since the pattern is the same pattern as the cell-shaped pattern of the image display apparatus using the charged particles, the desired pattern is applied to the image display apparatus in the same manner as in the case of using ordinary laser printing without irradiating laser light of a specific programmed image. It can be coated with the charged particles.

In addition, since the fixing step for fixing the toner particles is unnecessary in the conventional laser printer, it is possible to solve the problem that the substrate material is limited and to prevent the damage of the charged particles and to print a precise pattern at the same time.

The photoconductor used in the present invention may be manufactured by sequentially stacking the charge generation layer (CGL) 3 and the charge transport layer (CTL) 4 on which the pattern is formed on the conductor support layer 1. In addition, in order to improve the adhesion between the charge generation layer (CGL) and the conductor support layer, an undercoat (UCL) 2 may be interposed between the charge generation layer and the conductor support layer.

The method of patterning the charge generation layer CGL is not particularly limited, but after the pattern is masked on the conductor using a photoresist, a coating device such as a dip coater and a spray coater is coated and the photoresist is used. Can be used to remove it. In addition, a method of transferring a desired pattern by a roll coater or by coating with a conventional coating apparatus and etching by laser may be used.

Through the patterning as described above, the charge generation layer is formed on the charge generating layer by forming a pattern on the charge generating layer, that is, the portion of the image display device to be coated with the charged particles, that is, the cell portion of the rectangular or hexagonal shape excluding the partition wall in the image display device. It is possible to coat the charged particles effectively without the formation of a pattern using a program.

The conductor support layer is not particularly limited, but a conductive material may be formed on a metal, glass, or resin film such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, stainless steel, or the like in a plate shape, a cylindrical shape, or a film shape. have.

The charge generation layer 3 may be used by mixing a charge generating material, a binder resin, a solvent and an additive.

Although it does not specifically limit as said charge generating substance, When an organic substance is used, a phthalocyanine type compound can be used. The binder resin may be vinyl acetate, vinylpyrrolidine, acrylic, polyurethane, polycarbonate, polyester, polyamide, epoxy, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl acetal, phenoxy resin, silicone resin, vinyl chloride resin , Vinylidene chloride resin, formal resin, cellulose resin or copolymers thereof may be used, but is not limited thereto.

In addition, as said solvent, although it does not specifically limit, tetrahydrofuran and methanol can be mixed and used, Furthermore, water can be mixed and used.

As said additive, a dispersing agent, an antifoamer, surfactant, etc. can be added and used as needed.

The charge transport layer 4 may be used by mixing a charge transport material, a binder resin, an organic solvent and an additive.

The charge transport material is not particularly limited, but in the case of using an organic material, pyrazoline, diamine, hydrazone, oxydiazole, triphenylmethane, stilbene, or the like may be used alone or in combination of two or more. It can be mixed and used. The binder resin may be polyvinyl butyl resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyamide resin, polyvinylacetate resin, PVC resin, polyacrylic resin, polyurethane resin, polycarbonate resin, polymethacryl resin, polystyrene resin, or the like. It can be used individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.

In addition, the organic solvent is methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran, methanol, benzene and the like alone It can be used or mixed two or more.

In addition, antioxidants and antifoaming agents may be further included as the additive.

In addition, the present invention includes the steps of (a) coating the charged particles on the substrate using the method for coating the charged particles, and (b) plywood the substrate on which the charged particles are coated and the partition wall is installed Provided are a method of manufacturing an image display apparatus using charged particles and an image display apparatus.

In addition, if necessary (c) after the step (a) of the charged particles coated on the substrate further comprises the step of laser etching the charged particles coated on the portion to be bonded to the partition in the step (b) It provides a method of manufacturing an image display device using.

At least one of the upper and lower substrates used in the image display apparatus must be transparent to display an image. If either substrate is opaque, it can be fabricated using a variety of materials consisting of an opaque film and a conductor.

As shown in FIG. 2, the substrate may include a substrate 100 and a conductive film 200. In this case, the charged particles and the conductive film can be simultaneously removed by laser etching by step (3).

In addition, the substrate may further include an insulating film 300. In this case, the charged particles, the conductive film and the insulating film can be simultaneously removed by laser etching by the step (3).

The substrate 100 may be transparent or opaque, and may be rigid or flexible.

As the transparent rigid substrate, various transparent plastic materials such as acrylic resin or polycarbonate (PC) and inorganic materials such as glass or quartz may be used. As the opaque rigid substrate, glass fiber-impregnated phenol or epoxy resin, which is generally used as a raw material of PCB, may be used. As the transparent flexible substrate, a film having a high transmittance such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) may be used, and as the opaque flexible substrate, a polyimide (PI) generally used in a PCB may be used. It is preferable that it is 50-200 micrometers in thickness as said transparent flexible base material.

The conductive film serves as an electrode for applying an electric field to the charged particles, and when an opaque substrate is used, various conductive metals or metal pastes such as copper may be plated, deposited, or coated.

In addition, in the case of using a transparent substrate, materials such as ITO, IZC (Indium Zinc Oxide), a transparent conductive polymer, a carbon nanotube, and the like may be deposited and coated. Although not particularly limited, laser etching is easy, and in the case of having a color, a thickness of 1 μm or less is preferable because the transmittance decreases as the thickness increases. In particular, it is preferable to use ITO having a low surface resistance relative to transmittance.

The insulating film 300 is preferably stacked on the conductive film 200 in order to prevent charge of the charged particles from leaking into the conductive film, thereby losing the charging property and degrading the image display. The material of the insulating film is not particularly limited, and may be used by coating a polymer resin having insulating properties or by thinly depositing a semiconductor or an insulator such as silicon. In the case of the insulating film, the thickness of 1 占 퐉 or less is preferable because the laser etching is easy like the conductive film, and the thicker the electric field can be reduced.

As shown in FIG. 3, the substrate may be coated with the charged particles by using the charging method of the charged particles in a state where the partition wall is not provided.

The charged particles used for laser printing may be black and white as well as color charged particles such as cyan, magenta, yellow, and the like. The color charged particles may use color pulverized toner and color polymerized toner. Among them, it is preferable to use a color polymerized toner produced by polymerizing various monomers in terms of spherical shape and easy size control.

The color polymer toner is not particularly limited, but particles are prepared by suspending and polymerizing a colorant, a charge control agent and an initiator in monomers such as styrene monomer. In addition, it can be prepared by additionally adding silica and attaching the silica to the particle surface using a Henschel mixer.

The monomer may be selected from monomers such as styrene-methacryl-based, styrene-butadiene, polyester, and epoxy resin.

As the charge control agent, a polymer compound in which an anionic monomer is substituted in an acryl or a copolymer of acryl and styrene, a subcombinant complex, a salicylic acid chelate metal complex, a carlixarene compound, a boron-containing compound, and nitro imidazole A negative charge agent selected from the derivatives can be used.

In addition, a positive charge agent selected from a polymer compound in which a cationic monomer is substituted with acryl or a copolymer of acryl and styrene, a nigrosine dye, a quaternary ammonium salt, a triphenylmethane compound, a polyamine, and an imidazole derivative Can be used.

As described above, when the laser printing method of the present invention is used, the printing pattern is simpler to change than the conventional corona charging method or the spray coating method, and the pattern accuracy is high, and it is easy to apply color charged particles.

On the other hand, when the plywood is laminated with the substrate on which the charged particles are coated on the portion to which the partition is to be bonded, a problem of decrease in adhesive property and deterioration of image display may occur. Therefore, it is preferable to perform laser etching to remove the charged particles coated on the partition adhesive portion. In addition, when laser etching is performed, typesetting for alignment and passive matrix formation during laser etching may be coated together during charging particle coating. The typeset may be pressed onto a substrate and fixed on the substrate.

For example, the charged particles coated on the portion to which the partition wall is to be bonded by laser etching can be removed. 5 and 6, upon removal of the charged particles, the conductive film and / or insulating film can be selectively etched at once with a laser, depending on the type of laser etching. That is, the conductive film may be etched to form the passive matrix while the charged particles are etched without a separate process. Although the light source of another said laser is not specifically limited, Nd-YAG is preferable.

Finally, the substrate after the laser etching operation and the substrate on which the partition wall is installed are laminated to form an image display apparatus using charged particles as shown in FIG. 7.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a general two-paper panel structure.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a substrate of an image display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a substrate coated with charged particles by a laser printing method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a general organophotoreceptor.

5A and 5B are side cross-sectional and plan views, respectively, of a substrate from which charged particles and an insulating film are removed by laser etching in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

 6A and 6B are side cross-sectional and plan views, respectively, of a substrate from which charged particles, an insulating film, and a conductive film are removed by laser etching in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an image display apparatus using charged particles according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (24)

(1) forming a pattern in the charge generating layer, and (2) laminating a charge generating layer having the pattern on the conductive support. The method of manufacturing a photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the pattern is the same as a cell pattern of an image display apparatus using charged particles. The method of claim 1, wherein the forming of the pattern on the charge generating layer comprises masking the pattern on the conductor using a photoresist and then coating it with a coating apparatus such as a dip coater and a spray coater. Method for producing a photoreceptor, characterized in that for removing. A photoconductor comprising a conductor support layer, a patterned charge generating layer, a charge transport layer and a coating underlayer. The photosensitive member according to claim 4, wherein the pattern is the same as a cell pattern of an image display apparatus using charged particles. The coating method of the charged particle which coats a charged particle on a board | substrate using the photosensitive member of Claim 4. (a) coating the charged particles on the substrate according to the method according to claim 6, and (b) plywood the substrate coated with the charged particles and the substrate on which the partition wall is installed. Method for manufacturing an image display device. The method of claim 7, further comprising (c) laser etching the coated particles coated on the portion to which the partition wall is attached in the step (b) of the charged particles coated on the substrate after the step (a). A method of manufacturing an image display device using charged particles. The method of manufacturing an image display apparatus using charged particles according to claim 7, wherein the substrate comprises a substrate and a conductive film. The method of manufacturing an image display apparatus using charged particles according to claim 8, wherein the substrate comprises a substrate and a conductive film, and step (3) comprises laser etching the charged particles and the conductive film. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the substrate further comprises an insulating film. The method of claim 8, wherein the substrate comprises a substrate, a conductive film, and an insulating film, and the step (c) comprises laser etching the charged particles, the conductive film, and the insulating film. The method of claim 8, wherein the charged particles comprise one or more charged particles having a color selected from white, cyan, yellow, magenta, and black. A method of manufacturing an image display device using charged particles. The manufacturing method of an image display apparatus using charged particles according to claim 13, wherein the charged particles are color polymerized toners. The manufacturing method of an image display apparatus using charged particles according to claim 7, wherein at least one of the substrates is transparent. An image display apparatus using charged particles comprising a substrate having no partition, a charged particle coated on the substrate by the coating method according to claim 6, and a substrate having a partition wall laminated to the substrate coated with the charged particles. 17. The image display apparatus using charged particles according to claim 16, wherein unnecessary charged particles remaining in a portion to which the partition walls are to be bonded are removed by laser etching. The image display apparatus using charged particles according to claim 16, wherein the substrate comprises a substrate and a conductive film. 18. The image display apparatus using charged particles according to claim 17, wherein the charged particles and the conductive film are laser-etched as in claim 10. 19. The image display apparatus using charged particles according to claim 18, wherein the substrate further comprises an insulating film. 18. The image display apparatus using charged particles according to claim 17, wherein the charged particles, the conductive film, and the insulating film are laser-etched as in claim 12. The method of claim 16, wherein the charged particles, characterized in that it comprises one or more charged particles having a color selected from white, cyan, yellow, magenta, black (black) An image display device using charged particles. 23. The image display apparatus using charged particles according to claim 22, wherein the charged particles are color polymerized toners. The image display apparatus using charged particles according to claim 16, wherein at least one of the substrates is transparent.

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