JP2006325561A - Method for producing low-glucide fermented beverage having good brewed perfume - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fermented beverage, especially a low-glucide and/or low-calorie beer-taste fermented beverage having rich beer-like flavor and high palatability while reducing glucide as possible. <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing the fermented beverage uses a sugar syrup having much sugar composition to be assimilated by the yeast at a fermentation step and a degradation product of a corn protein to reduce the glucide. More precisely, the method for producing the fermented beverage having the excellent flavor involves adding the degradation product of the corn protein to the raw material while diluting the raw material to reduce the glucide in the method for producing the fermented beverage by subjecting the fermentation raw material comprising a carbon source, a nitrogen source, water and arbitrarily hop to alcohol fermentation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fermented beverage having an excellent flavor and a reduced sugar content, and a method for producing the same, and in particular, in the fermentation process so as to increase the degree of fermentation for reducing the sugar content and to have a sufficient flavor even when diluted. The present invention relates to a method for producing a beer-taste fermented beverage with increased generation of brewing aroma typified by ethyl acetate.

  As health-consciousness grows, there is a growing need for products that add low-calorie and low-sugar functions to liquor-like alcoholic beverages such as beer and brewed liquor. The calories in alcoholic beverages are mainly derived from alcohol and carbohydrates, and greatly contribute to the body feeling and flavor when drinking alcoholic beverages. There was a problem that would be damaged. In order to reduce carbohydrates, 1) use a raw material with high fermentation so that residual sugar is reduced in the fermentation process, 2) control the fermentation process to achieve high fermentation, and 3) final adjustment stage. There is a method of reducing by dilution or removal. However, in any case, it lacks the thickness of the taste, the feeling of drinking, the flavor, and the body feeling. Of these, JP 2003-47453 discloses a method for improving taste using a sweetener for a low-calorie brewed liquor made from malt. According to this method, the taste, taste, body feeling and the like are mainly improved, and a beer taste can be realized, but the aroma may be poor.

  In addition, brewing incense includes brewing incense such as higher alcohols and esters produced by yeast during fermentation. Among them, isoamyl acetate is a brewing incense that imparts fruityness with a banana-like flavor. Not limited to sake, wine, and the like, a technique for increasing this ingredient has attracted attention as a substance that enhances palatability.

  For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-235176 discloses a method for producing alcoholic beverages in which the production amount of acetate ester is modified using yeast with high production of isoamyl acetate. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-30756 discloses a method for producing beer with a high ester flavor by fermentation under special conditions such as lowering the fermentation temperature.

  On the other hand, isoamyl acetate can also be controlled by the amino acid composition in the fermentation broth. In particular, when leucine is abundantly present in the fermentation broth, it is confirmed that isoamyl acetate is produced in a large amount during the process of uptake and assimilation by yeast, resulting in an increase in the amount of isoamyl acetate produced. (Non-Patent Document 1).

However, fermented beverages, especially beer-taste fermented beverages and methods for producing the fermented liquor, in particular, containing amino acids derived from wheat, such as fermented liquor that uses less fermented malt and saccharified liquid for high fermentation, such as malt In the case where the amount is small, the current situation is that sufficient studies have not been made on the method of imparting flavor to the fermented beverage. In addition, in order to realize a low-sugar and / or low-calorie beer-taste fermented beverage, a rich flavor and taste are achieved even when the sugar content in the fermentation liquid is diluted or removed at the final adjustment stage of the fermentation liquid. There is a need for a method for producing a low-sugar and / or low-calorie beer-taste fermented beverage.
JP-A-11-235176 JP-A-6-30756 JP2003-47453 Journal of American Society of Brewing Chemists 59 (4): 157-162 (2001)

  An object of the present invention is to provide a fermented beverage having a high palatability and rich in beer-like flavor while reducing sugar as much as possible, particularly a low-sugar and / or low-calorie beer-taste fermented beverage.

  In the case of reducing the use ratio of malt-derived components such as malt for reducing sugar, as in the case of producing a low-sugar fermented drink including a low-sugar and / or low-calorie beer-taste fermented drink If the resulting fermented broth is rich in isoamyl acetate and a highly fermented fermented broth containing a sufficient amount of isoamyl acetate is obtained even after dilution, production of low-sugar fermented beverages, especially low-sugar beer-taste beverages It was found that it can be used as a raw material.

Accordingly, the present invention includes the following steps 1) and 2) and can be used as a fermented beverage or brewed liquor by itself, or used as a raw material for producing a low-sugar fermented beverage or a low-sugar brewed liquor by dilution. It is also possible to produce a fermentation broth rich in isoamyl acetate:
1) The following ingredients are mixed with water to prepare a fermentation stock solution:
a) a sugar source containing a saccharified solution,
b) a source of amino acids containing sufficient leucine or leucine residues to produce the amount of isoamyl acetate as defined in (2) below by fermentation; and
c) Hops and / or yeast extract as desired,
and
2) The above fermentation stock solution is fermented with brewing yeast. At this time, the amount of non-volatile substance (referred to as authentic extract) in the fermentation supernatant is less than 4.0% by weight, preferably less than 2.5% by weight. And (B) a step of performing fermentation to obtain a fermentation broth until isoamyl acetate in the fermentation supernatant exceeds 2.0 ppm and less than 10.0 ppm, and, if desired, removing yeast.

Low sugar fermented beverages The present invention is directed to the production of low sugar fermented beverages. Low sugar means that the sugar concentration in the fermented beverage is 0.8% by weight, particularly less than 0.5% by weight, in terms of solid content. Fermented beverages preferably having a low sugar content include sake, wine, beer, happoshu, hybrids, and beer-taste fermented beverages. Happoshu and beer-taste fermented beverages are particularly preferable, and beer-taste fermented beverages are particularly preferable.

  A beer-taste fermented beverage is a beverage fermented with yeast using a carbon source, a nitrogen source, hops, etc. as raw materials, and has a flavor like beer. Usually, yeast is added to the sugar solution obtained by saccharifying malt and grains such as barley, rice and corn, or the sugar solution obtained from the sugar itself, and fermented. In some cases, other plant-derived proteins or hydrolysates thereof may be used. Examples of the beer-taste fermented beverage include beer, sparkling liquor, miscellaneous sake, liqueurs, and low alcohol fermented beverages (for example, malt fermented beverages having an alcohol content of less than 1%).

Fermentation stock solution The fermentation stock solution contains amino acids, sugars, minerals and other various components necessary for producing a fermented beverage containing brewed liquor by yeast alcohol fermentation. In the present invention, the amino acid source and the sugar source of the fermentation stock solution have the following ideas.

a) Sugar source In order to produce fermented beverages containing low-sugar brewed liquor, the carbon source of the fermentation stock solution is a raw material that can be assimilated by yeast without going through a saccharification step, instead of cereal raw materials such as malt Is used as the main sugar source. The saccharified solution is also called saccharified starch or sugar syrup. The amount of the saccharified solution in the fermentation stock solution is 5 to 20% by weight in terms of solid content. The saccharified solution is usually provided as a solution, but even when a dried product is used, the state when contained in the fermentation stock solution is a saccharified solution as defined in this specification. In particular, when it is desired to reduce saccharides, the degree of fermentation can be increased by using a saccharified solution having a larger composition of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and trisaccharides that are easily assimilated by yeast. Such a saccharified solution is commercially available from Showa Sangyo Co., Ltd. under the trade name MR750.

In the production of a low sugar fermented beverage, it is particularly preferable to use almost all of the carbon source as a saccharified solution, and more preferably 80% by weight or more of the carbon source is used as a saccharified solution. Grain raw materials such as malt, wheat other than malt, rice, and corn may be used as the remaining carbon source. In that case, instead of using malt for saccharification of grain raw materials, saccharification of a carbon source may be sufficiently performed using enzymes derived from other plants, animals, or microorganisms.

b) Amino acid source In the present invention, an amino acid source assimilated by yeast fermentation is one containing a sufficient amount of leucine or a leucine residue to produce abundant isoamyl acetate by fermentation. A preferred amino acid source is a cereal proteolysate. Corn proteolysate is particularly preferred.

  Usually, when grains other than wheat are used as a raw material for a low-sugar beer-taste fermented beverage, a unique odor derived from grains becomes strong, and the preferred flavor of beer is impaired. However, the present inventors have found that the proteolysate of cereal can be used as a raw material for a beer-taste fermented beverage without causing a unique odor derived from cereal even if it is other than wheat. In addition, as a result of detailed examination of the amino acid composition and the influence on the flavor, etc. of the proteolysate of various grains, the corn proteolysate contains abundant leucine, which is one of the branched amino acids, compared to malt and the like, and When this is added as an amino acid source in the fermentation broth and fermented with yeast, the content of isoamyl acetate in the beverage becomes very high. Furthermore, even if only a small amount of malt is used as a raw material, It was found that the flavor of

  Corn proteolysate can be obtained by hydrolyzing the protein fraction obtained by fractional purification of corn with acid, alkali or enzyme, and neutralizing, decolorizing, deodorizing, purifying and concentrating the decomposed product. It is a powder or paste-like raw material. A commercially available corn proteolysate may be used such as Enzap CP manufactured by Dainippon Meiji Sugar Co., Ltd.

  Grain proteolysates, such as corn proteolysates, produce abundant brewing aromas in terms of flavor when contained in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5% by weight in terms of solid content in the fermentation stock solution (feeding solution for the yeast fermentation process). be able to. If the content is outside this range, fermentation will be poor and fermentation will not progress sufficiently, or there will be excess or deficiency of aromatic components such as higher alcohols, more preferably 0.2 to 0.4% by weight, sufficient and rich in flavor Incense can be obtained.

c) About other component hops, it uses for manufacture in case the low sugar fermented drink of this invention is a beer taste fermented drink. As for hops, normal pellet hops, powder hops, and hop extracts used for the production of beer and the like are appropriately selected and used according to the flavor. Furthermore, hop processed products such as isopized hop, hexahop, and tetrahop can be used.

  On the other hand, in the present invention, when a saccharified solution is used as a main carbon source and a beer-taste fermented beverage to which a pigment such as hop or caramel is added for beer-like flavor, corn proteolysis is used. If the product is the main nitrogen source, yeast fermentation may not proceed sufficiently. In such a case, a yeast growth fermentation aid can be used. The yeast growth fermentation aid may be used in an appropriate amount of generally known ones such as yeast extract, rice bran ingredients such as rice and wheat, vitamins and mineral agents. Of these, yeast extract is preferably used. Yeast extract acts as a nitrogen source. The amount to be used is not particularly limited as long as the yeast is vigorously fermented, but it is desirable that the weight ratio of the corn proteolysate and the yeast extract is in the range of 4: 6 to 8: 2. When using the yeast growth fermentation promoting aid, it is necessary to consider the free amino nitrogen concentration (FAN value). The FAN value is an amount corresponding to the total amount of free α-amino acids. The FAN value of the fermentation undiluted solution can be adjusted by adding the amount of raw material that becomes a nitrogen source, such as corn proteolysate and yeast extract, but it is 5 to 22 mg / 100 ml, preferably about 10 to 20 mg / 100 ml. Desirable for fermentation.

  Since the beer-taste fermented beverage produced by the method of the present invention contains abundant isoamyl acetate, the smell unique to the raw material can be reduced even if a yeast growth fermentation promoting aid such as yeast extract is added. When using a yeast growth fermentation promoter, this may be added to the raw material before alcohol fermentation, or may be added during alcohol fermentation.

  Furthermore, in this invention, a pigment | dye, a foam formation agent, a fragrance | flavor, a food additive, etc. can be added as needed. The pigment is used to give a beer-like color, and caramel pigment or the like is added in an amount exhibiting a beer-like color. In order to form beer-like bubbles, plant-extracted saponin substances such as soybean saponin and quilla saponin, and protein substances such as bovine serum albumin are appropriately used. An appropriate amount of perfume having a beer flavor can be used for beer-like flavoring. For the beer-like seasoning, food additives such as acidulant, sweetener, and bitter can be used as appropriate. For example, when a low calorie sweetener or a non-calorie sweetener disclosed in JP-A-2003-47453 is contained in an amount of 3.0 to 5.0 ppm by weight, the flavor, taste and body feeling of a beer-taste fermented beverage can be improved.

Fermentation process When producing a low-sugar fermented beverage from a fermentation stock solution containing the above components, a clear fermentation stock solution in which the hops are added to the sugar source and amino acid source and mixed, the mixture is boiled and solid-liquid separated. Yeast is added to the yeast. In addition, you may perform solid-liquid separation after fermentation.

  Fermentation may be performed using yeast selected according to the production of the desired fermented beverage under conditions suitable for alcohol fermentation, but (A) non-volatile substances (referred to as authentic extracts) in the fermentation supernatant It is necessary to carry out the fermentation until the amount is reduced to less than 4.0% by weight, preferably less than 2.5% by weight, and (B) the isoamyl acetate in the fermentation supernatant is above 1.0 ppm and below 10.0 ppm .

  Non-volatile substances (referred to as authentic extracts) mainly include carbohydrates derived from the carbon source of the raw material, nitrogen compounds (mainly the degradation products of proteins), minerals, etc. This is an essential requirement for making the fermented beverage produced in the present invention low sugar.

  That isoamyl acetate is in the above range is an essential requirement for imparting sufficient aroma to a low-sugar fermented beverage produced by diluting a fermentation broth obtained by fermentation. If the amount of isoamyl acetate is less than the above range, the fragrance of the brewed liquor produced by dilution will be insufficient, but if the amount of isoamyl acetate is more than the above range, it will clearly become fruity, taste will be sweet and persistent and will lose drinkability Should.

  The yeast used for fermentation can be freely selected in consideration of the type of fermented beverage to be produced, the intended flavor and fermentation conditions. For example, in the case of low-calorie beer, sparkling liquor, and beer-taste fermented beverages, No. 34 strain owned by Weihenstephan can be used.

The fermented liquor obtained in the dilution fermentation process can be used as a rich brew as it is, but for further sugar reduction, it produces a sufficient and abundant brewing aroma even when diluted and has a low flavor fermentation. Beverages, such as low sugar beer-taste fermented beverages can be produced. Dilution is carried out with water. At this time, in order to supplement the taste substances that are lacking in the low-sugar fermented beverage, acidulants, sweeteners, bitters, and alcohol may be added together, or supplementation of the taste substances It can also be performed separately after the dilution operation.

  As a guideline for dilution, dilute the fermented liquor ingredients (A) and isoamyl acetate (B) so that the content of (A) <0.8 wt% and (B) 0.5 ppm to 5.0 ppm. To do. Thus, by the method for producing a low-sugar fermented beverage of the present invention, a sufficient and abundant brewing aroma can be produced even when diluted, and a low-sugar beer-taste fermented beverage having a good flavor can be produced.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for producing a fermented beverage characterized by using sugar syrup and corn proteolysate having a large sugar composition assimilated to yeast in the fermentation process for reducing sugars as a part of the raw material. More specifically, in a method for producing a fermented beverage by subjecting a fermentation stock solution comprising a carbon source, a nitrogen source, water, and optionally a raw material containing hops to alcohol fermentation, corn is used as a raw material while being diluted to reduce carbohydrates. It is a method for producing a fermented beverage having an excellent flavor by including a protein degradation product.
〔The invention's effect〕

  The present invention provides a low-sugar fermented beverage excellent in flavor, particularly a low-sugar beer-taste fermented beverage and a method for producing the same. In particular, in beer-taste fermented beverages that use sugars as the main carbon source, corn proteolysate containing a large amount of leucine is used as the main nitrogen source, and further, by using a growth fermentation aid such as yeast extract, Even after the quality content is diluted to about 0.49 g / 100 ml, a fermented beverage with high flavor and high isoamyl acetate content is provided. By the way, it is said that this sugar concentration may be displayed as 0 sugar on products of beer-taste fermented beverages according to the nutrition labeling standards of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare.

Example 1 Effect of corn proteolysate on fermented beverage The effect of fermented liquid using corn proteolysate on isoamyl acetate content was examined.
Using commercially available sugar syrup (manufactured by Kato Chemical), 0.03% caramel pigment and 0.03% pellet hop were added to 10% sugar solution, and 0.2% corn proteolysate plus 0.2% yeast extract was added (sample) A). After boiling these samples for 60-80 minutes, the hop koji was removed by standing to obtain a fermentation stock solution.

On the other hand, a sparkling wort (sample B) prepared by a conventional method with a malt ratio of 24% and a sugar syrup ratio of 76% as an auxiliary material was prepared.
These fermentation stock solutions were fermented with yeast to produce fermentation solutions (fermentation solution A and fermentation solution B). Add 0.4-0.6% of brewer's yeast Weihenstephan-34 to each fermentation stock and ferment it at 12-15 ° C for 6-8 days, then keep the supernatant from the fermented moromi at 40 ° C. The amount of isoamyl acetate in the gas phase that reached liquid equilibrium was analyzed by gas chromatography according to the method described in Analytica-EBC (EBC: Europian Brewery Convention).

  The results are shown in Table 1.

本発明品である、とうもろこしタンパクを原料として調製した発酵液Aは、発酵液Bに比較して、液中の酢酸イソアミルの含量が高かった。

The fermented liquid A prepared using corn protein as a raw material, which is the product of the present invention, had a higher content of isoamyl acetate in the liquid than fermented liquid B.

From the above, it was confirmed that when corn proteolysate was used as a raw material, the production of isoamyl acetate in the fermentation broth was very high.
Here, the fermented liquor was diluted to create a fermented beverage in order to realize the nutritional component label “sugar 0 g (per 100 ml)”. Based on the nutrition labeling standards, the standard that sugars can be displayed as 0 (zero) is sufficient if the sugar is less than 0.5 g per 100 ml in liquid foods for drinking. In addition, since the authentic extract is a value containing sugar, protein and the like, it was diluted to 0.4 w / w% with the authentic extract (fermented beverage A, fermented beverage B). In addition, since this fermentation broth has a high specific gravity of 1.04, even in this authentic extract, the carbohydrate does not exceed 0.5 g per 100 ml.

Example 2 Sensory evaluation Table 2 shows the results of sensory evaluation of isoamyl acetate and brewing aroma of these fermented beverages.

本発明品である、とうもろこしタンパクを原料として調製した発酵飲料Aは糖質低減のために希釈しても十分な醸造香を有し、実際の発酵飲料製造に適用できることが示された。

It was shown that the fermented beverage A prepared using corn protein as a raw material, which is the product of the present invention, has a sufficient brewing aroma even when diluted for reducing carbohydrates and can be applied to the actual production of fermented beverages.

Example 3 Actual Production Example For 85 kg of feed water, 15 kg of sugar syrup (made by Kato Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a sugar composition of 7% or more of tetrasaccharides, 180 g of corn proteolysate (0.18 wt%), 200 g of yeast extract (0.2 wt. %), 200 g of caramel dye and 160 g of pellet hops were added. These were boiled for 60 minutes, and then left to stand to remove the “hops lees” to obtain a fermentation stock solution. To this fermentation stock solution, brewer's yeast (Weihenstephan-34 strain) was added at 20 × 10 ⁶ cells / ml and fermented at a temperature of 13 ° C. for 8 days. After the carbon source assimilation was completed, the yeast was removed by filtration, diluted 5 times with 15 L of degassed water with respect to 5 L of the post-fermentation solution, and the resulting fermented beverage was filled into a bottle. The content of isoamyl acetate at the end of fermentation (before dilution) and at the time of filling the bottle (after dilution) of this fermented beverage was measured by gas chromatography according to the Analytica-EBC method. In addition, the authentic extract of the product was measured by the BCOJ method.

  The results are shown in Table 3.

糖質を下げるために4倍希釈したにも拘わらず生成した酢酸イソアミルは希釈後でも1.2ppmと、通常市販ビール並の値となり本発明が実際の発酵飲料製造に適用できることが示された。

The isoamyl acetate produced in spite of the 4-fold dilution for reducing the sugar content was 1.2 ppm even after dilution, which is equivalent to that of a commercially available beer, indicating that the present invention can be applied to the actual production of fermented beverages.

Claims (16)

A method for producing a fermented liquid suitable as a low-sugar fermented beverage or a raw material for producing the same,
1) The following ingredients are mixed with water to prepare a fermentation stock solution:
a) a sugar source containing a saccharified solution,
b) a source of amino acids containing sufficient leucine or leucine residues to produce the amount of isoamyl acetate as defined in (2) below by fermentation; and
c) Hops and / or yeast extract as desired,
and
2) The above fermentation stock solution is fermented with brewing yeast. At this time, the amount of non-volatile substance (referred to as authentic extract) in the fermentation supernatant is less than 4.0% by weight, preferably less than 2.5% by weight. And (B) performing fermentation until obtaining isoamyl acetate in the fermentation supernatant exceeds 2.0 ppm and less than 10.0 ppm to obtain a fermentation liquor, and if desired, removing yeast.
The manufacturing method of the said fermented liquor which comprises this.   The method according to claim 1, wherein leucine or an amino acid source containing a leucine residue is corn protein, and 0.1 to 0.5% by weight is used in the fermentation stock solution in terms of solid content.   The method of claim 2, wherein the corn protein is enzymatically or hydrolyzed.   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the saccharified solution is a saccharified solution in which a total of trisaccharide, disaccharide and monosaccharide occupies 80% or more of the total sugar.   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the saccharified solution in the fermentation stock solution is 5 to 20% by weight in terms of solid content.   The manufacturing method of a low-sugar fermented drink including the process of diluting the fermented liquor obtained by the method of any one of Claims 1-5 with water.   The method according to claim 6, wherein the fermentation broth is diluted 8 times or less, preferably 5 times or less.   The method according to claim 6, wherein the dilution is carried out so that the amount of authentic extract of the low-sugar fermented beverage produced by dilution is less than 0.8% by weight, preferably less than 0.5%, and the amount of isoamyl acetate is 0.5 ppm or more and 5.0 ppm or less. .   The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, comprising a step of further adding alcohol to the produced low-sugar fermented beverage so that the alcohol concentration of the low-sugar fermented beverage is 1% or more and 8% or less.   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the low-sugar fermented beverage is a low-sugar beer-taste fermented beverage.   The low-sugar and low-calorie beer-taste fermented beverage according to claim 10, wherein the alcohol concentration is 6.3% or less, preferably 3.6% or less.   A low-sugar fermented beverage comprising a fermented liquid produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   The low-sugar fermented drink manufactured by the method of any one of Claims 6-9.   The low-carbohydrate and low-calorie beer-taste fermented beverage according to claim 11, comprising 3.0 to 5.0 ppm by weight of a low-calorie sweetener or a non-calorie sweetener.   A low-sugar brewed liquor characterized in that in a fermented beverage, the sugar content is 0.8% by weight or less, preferably 0.5% by weight or less, the amount of isoamyl acetate is 0.5 ppm or more, and the alcohol concentration is 1% or more and 8% or less.   A method for producing a low-sugar brewed liquor, characterized in that in a fermented beverage, sugar is 0.8% by weight or less, preferably 0.5% by weight or less, the amount of isoamyl acetate is 0.5 ppm or more, and the alcohol concentration is 1% or more and 8% or less. .