JP2006282383A - Container terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a container terminal capable of efficiently performing the loading work with a small number of loading machine for loading containers in a container terminal to solve the problem wherein the number of loading machines corresponding to the peak of the loading work in a place in charge is useless except the peak. <P>SOLUTION: A yard crane 8 for loading the container 5 between a housing position and an in-yard chassis 7a in a housing area 6a of a container yard 6 and a delivery crane 23 for transferring the container 5 between the in-yard chassis 7a and a visitor chassis 7b in a delivery area 6b are structured to be used commonly. When the loading work in the delivery area 6b is busy, the yard crane 8 is provided to work in the delivery area 6b, and when the loading work in the delivery area 6b is not busy, the delivery crane 23 is provided for the work in the housing area 6a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a container terminal for delivering and storing containers between different means of transportation by sea and land, and to a container terminal equipped with a cargo handling machine for loading and unloading containers.

  The container terminal is a facility that serves as a point of contact between different means of transportation between sea and land. Its main function is to load and unload containers between these different means of transportation. For this reason, a container yard for temporarily storing containers waiting for loading and unloading is provided. In other words, the container yard stores containers that are loaded into or unloaded from a container ship berthed at the quay and loaded into or from a chassis for land transportation. .

  By the way, in order to rationalize container handling work for loading and unloading of containers in a container yard, a labor saving or unmanned operation system has been developed in a container terminal. This can be done by loading containers onto the container ship, loading and unloading containers from the container ship, transporting the container to the storage position by traveling inside the container yard, or transferring the container at the storage position to the container Containers can be transported to the chassis of a ship or land transport by loading a container at the storage position on the chassis, and a yard crane for loading and unloading containers from the chassis can be operated automatically or remotely. It is a system that tries to unmanned the yard.

  In order to promote such labor-saving and unmanned operations, automation of container yard operation plans, etc., and to improve efficiency, a container terminal system has been proposed that prevents the entry of external vehicles into the container yard ( Patent Document 1). This container terminal system includes a container crane that handles containers on a ship, and a container yard that can store and store containers. The container terminal system handles containers between ships and land transport vehicles. A plurality of transfer cranes that have a gate-shaped mainframe and can be loaded or unloaded automatically or manually, and between the container crane and the transfer crane, and a flat container in the container yard The AGV is installed in the vicinity of the boundary between the container yard and the outside, and the container is transferred manually or partially automatically between the AGV in the container yard and the outside land transport vehicle. Perform delivery crane and container In which de and land transport vehicle is configured to include a boundary indicia provided on the boundary between the drivable externally.

  That is, in the container yard, a container is loaded between the storage position where the container is stored and the on-site chassis such as AGV, and the yard crane such as the transfer crane is operated for loading / unloading. Transfer machines such as the above-mentioned delivery cranes are used for loading and unloading containers with the foreign chassis.

Patent No. 2892606

  When unmanned in the container yard, an automated guided vehicle (AGV) travels as a premise chassis in the container yard to transport the container, and there is no hindrance to the unmanned transport cart. Thus, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to prevent workers and the like from entering the container yard as well as the external chassis.

  By the way, in order to deliver the container to the foreign chassis, it is necessary for the foreign chassis to come to the container terminal. However, except for urgent cargo, the foreign chassis will not come at night. For this reason, the transfer machine for transferring a container to a foreign chassis is mostly operated during the day. Moreover, since the visit time of the foreign chassis is relatively concentrated, it is general that there is a peak time in the operation of the transfer machine even during the day. On the other hand, in container yards, container ships may berth at night, and there may be a shift in the yard that changes the container storage location in the container yard. is not.

  In order for the container loading and unloading work to be carried out smoothly, it is necessary to equip the number of yard cranes and transfer machines at the peak. Since the required number of yard cranes is determined from the total cargo handling amount in the container yard, the minimum number of yard cranes can be provided. However, when the transfer machines are arranged in the number required at the peak time, there are many cases where the transfer machines are stopped at times other than the peak time, and there is a possibility that a total number of transfer machines are provided in a comprehensive manner. On the other hand, when the number of transfer machines is smaller than the desired number, the transfer of the container to the external chassis is not smoothly performed, and the on-site chassis that transports the container from the container yard waits for transfer. There is a risk that the time will increase and the waiting time will also increase in the yard crane, reducing the operating efficiency.

  In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a container terminal in which the operating efficiency of each of the yard crane and the transfer machine is increased, and the cargo handling operation can be smoothly performed with a small number of cargo handling machines. .

  As a technical means for achieving the above object, a container terminal according to the present invention comprises a cargo handling machine such as a yard crane for loading and unloading a container with a chassis in a container yard, and performing a loading / unloading work. A container terminal having a loading machine for performing a loading operation for transferring a container between a local chassis and a foreign chassis in the area, a loading machine for the loading operation in the container yard, and a loading operation in the delivery area It is characterized by a shared cargo handling machine that can be shared with a cargo handling machine for work.

  For example, when the peak time is reached in the delivery area and the standby time of the premises chassis or the foreign chassis becomes long, the cargo handling machine performing the cargo handling work in the container yard is used for the cargo handling work in the delivery area. In addition, when there is almost no cargo handling work in the delivery area such as at night, the cargo handling machine that was performing the cargo handling work in the delivery area is used for the cargo handling work in the container yard. That is, the cargo handling machine can be operated in both the container yard and the delivery area so that the cargo handling work can be shared.

  The container terminal according to the invention of claim 2 is characterized in that the shared handling machine is a part or all of a handling machine in a container yard and a handling machine in a delivery area.

  The cargo handling machine as the shared cargo handling machine is a part or all of the cargo handling machines in the container yard and the delivery area. For example, in a delivery area, it may be necessary to perform transfer work even at night in an emergency. Therefore, not all cargo handling machines are used for container handling work even at night. It is necessary to make the cargo handling equipment in the department stand by in the delivery area. The cargo handling machine for this standby may be dedicated to the delivery area. Of course, all the cargo handling machines may be shared cargo handling machines.

  The container terminal according to the invention of claim 3 is characterized in that the shared cargo handling machine is a tire-type bridge yard crane.

  In order to perform the respective cargo handling operations in the container yard and the delivery area, it is necessary for the shared cargo handling machine to move between these work locations. For this reason, a tire-type bridge-type yard crane is used to enable smooth movement.

  The container terminal according to a fourth aspect of the invention is characterized in that the delivery area is a buffer area.

  The transfer area includes a switching area for transferring containers directly between the local chassis and the foreign chassis at the switching point, and stacking and storing containers, and a predetermined container from among the containers stored in the foreign chassis. There is a buffer area to load. The container terminal according to the present invention may be either one provided with a switching area or one provided with a buffer area. In particular, when a tire-type bridge yard crane is used for a shared cargo handling machine, the container block in the container yard is positioned between the legs of the yard crane, so that the cargo handling work is performed. There will be enough space for the container blocks. For this reason, when this yard crane is used as a shared cargo handling machine, a buffer area can be provided in the space between the legs.

  The container terminal according to a fifth aspect of the invention is characterized in that the local chassis is an automatic guided vehicle.

  That is, the on-site chassis may be manned by a driver or unmanned such as AGV. In particular, if an automated guided vehicle is used, it is possible to promote labor saving and unmanned operation, and for example, it is possible to sufficiently ensure the efficiency of cargo handling work with a minimum of manual labor even at night work.

  According to the container terminal according to the present invention, according to the situation of the cargo handling work in the container yard and the delivery area, the work by the shared cargo handling machine can be distributed and performed, so the loading machine, particularly the transfer machine in the delivery area, The cargo handling machine can be operated efficiently with the minimum number of machines, without requiring the number of machines matched at the peak of cargo handling work.

  Moreover, according to the container terminal which concerns on invention of Claim 2, operation efficiency can be easily made appropriate according to a container terminal.

  In addition, according to the container terminal of the invention of claim 3, the shared cargo handling machine can be easily moved, and can be dealt with quickly according to the peak time of the cargo handling work. Therefore, the working efficiency in the container terminal can be further improved.

  Further, according to the container terminal of the invention of claim 4, for example, when the foreign chassis comes to the container terminal for receiving the cargo, the reservation is made before the previous day. The container related to the reservation is transported to the buffer area the night before. Since it is nighttime, there is almost no work in the delivery area, so it is possible to use a cargo handling machine other than the number required for the cargo handling work in the buffer area for the cargo handling work in the container yard. Transport work can be performed quickly.

  Moreover, according to the container terminal which concerns on invention of Claim 5, the efficiency of cargo handling work can be ensured and labor saving and unmanned can be promoted.

  The container terminal according to the present invention will be specifically described below based on the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an example of a container terminal provided with a container yard according to an equipment arrangement structure according to the present invention. The container ship 2 is moored to the quay 3 and the container 5 is loaded and unloaded by the quay crane 4. The quay 3 is arranged at the edge of the container yard 6, and the containers 5 loaded and unloaded on the container ship 2 are stored and stored in the storage area 6 a of the container yard 6. An appropriate number of containers 5 are stacked in a matrix to form a container block 5a, and an appropriate number of container blocks 5a are arranged in a matrix in the storage area 6a. For the description of the present embodiment, B to H are given to the rows of the container blocks 5a in order from the land side. In order to move the container 5 in the storage area 6a, a dedicated local chassis 7a is used, and an external chassis 7b is used for land transportation between the container terminal 1 and the shipper. An automatic guided vehicle (AGV) can be used for the local chassis 7a. A yard crane 8 is used as a loading / unloading machine for loading and unloading the container 5 on the premises chassis 7a. The yard crane 8 shown in FIG. 1 is a bridge crane, and as shown in FIG. 2, the container 5 is loaded between the container block 5a and the local chassis 7a stopped to the side of the container block 5a. , Do loading and unloading. The yard crane 8 moves in the traveling direction along the container block 5a, between the container block 5a and the container block 5a to move to the adjacent container block 5a, and in the rows B to H of the container block 5a. A right-angled movement along a right-angle traveling lane 61 provided on the side can be performed.

  The foreign chassis 7b enters the container terminal 1 from the entrance gate Gi and exits from the exit gate Go or the sub-gate Gs. This is because the foreign chassis 7b in which the actual container 5 containing the imported cargo is loaded needs to be carried out after the bonded procedures are performed at the rogate Go, and the foreign chassis 5 in which the empty container 5 is loaded. 7b or an empty foreign chassis 7b in which the container 5 is not loaded does not need to perform a bonded procedure, and is thus retreated from the sub-gate Gs. On the side of the entrance gate Gi, buildings such as a management building 9, a guardman stuffing station 10, and an office building 11 are arranged. In addition, an empty van pool 12, a repair shop 13, and a water washing place 14 in which empty containers 5 are stored are arranged on the opposite side of the management building 9 across the entrance gate Gi. The installation status of these gates G and the respective facilities around the gates G are not limited to these, and the installation status and required facilities of the gates G differ depending on the container yard operation system. Of course.

  Then, the fence 20 is located at a position that secures an area where the extraneous chassis 7b installed from the gate G can sufficiently move so that the extraneous chassis 7b cannot enter the storage area 6a of the container yard 6 where the intrasite chassis 7a is traveling. is set up. The local chassis 7a is used for cargo handling work on the container 5 in the storage area 6a on the sea side, that is, on the inner side of the fence 20, and the foreign chassis 7b is used on the gate G side of the fence 20, that is, on the outer delivery area 6b. 5 is used for loading and unloading. A switching area 21 is provided for transshipment of the container 5 between the local chassis 7a and the foreign chassis 7b with the fence 20 in between. In addition, a fence gate 20a that can be opened and closed is provided at an appropriate position such as an end of the fence 20. The fence gate 20a can be used by the yard crane 8 as well as an operator, the local chassis 7a, and the external chassis 7b. It can pass. In order to allow the yard crane 8 to pass, the fence gate 20a is provided corresponding to the right-angle traveling lane 61 provided on the side of the rows B to H of the container block 5a, and the right-angle traveling is performed. The lane 61 is extended with an appropriate length from the fence gate 20a toward the delivery area 6b.

  Further, at both ends of the fence 20, a circular fence 27 is provided that extends toward the storage area 6 a of the container yard 6 and is arranged along the quay 3, and the outside of the circular fence 27 is placed on the outer chassis 7 b. A manned chassis driven by a driver such as a manned premises chassis 7a can run. For this reason, the container 5 can be directly loaded onto the container ship 2 from the foreign chassis 7b, or the container 5 can be loaded directly onto the foreign chassis 7b from the container ship 2 to cope with an emergency or the like. At this time, the quay crane 4 is used for loading and unloading the containers 5.

  The switching area 21 from the left end to the appropriate range in FIG. 1 is a carry-in area 21i so that the foreign chassis 7b can temporarily place the container 5 transported to carry into the container yard 6. . Further, the carry-out area 21o extends from the end of the carry-in area 21i to the right end. The positional relationship between the carry-in area 21i and the carry-out area 21o is such that the carry-in area 21i is located on the front side in the traveling direction of the local chassis 7a, and the carry-out area 21o is located on the rear side. For this reason, the local chassis 7a that unloads the containers 5 in the unloading area 21o can load the containers 5 loaded in the loading area 21i. In addition, the buffer zone part 22 is provided between the carrying-in area 21i and the carrying-out area 21o, and these areas 21i and 21o are divided. The buffer band portion 22 is provided so that the boundary between the carry-in area 21i and the carry-out area 21o can be clarified, and is not necessarily provided if the section between these areas 21i and 21o is clear. In addition, when the number of the containers 5 in the carry-out area 21i and the carry-out area 21o is increased or decreased by providing the buffer band portion 22, both the carry-out container 5 and the carry-in container 5 are provided with the buffer band portion 22. The storage area of the container 5 can be changed easily. When the storage area is changed, the position of the buffer band 22 is also changed.

  In the switching area 21, a delivery crane 23 is arranged as a transfer machine, and the container 5 is loaded and unloaded in the switching area 21. The delivery crane 23 is the same as the yard crane 8 disposed in the container yard 6. That is, the yard crane 8 and the delivery crane 23 are shared cargo handling machines that can be shared. The fence gate 20a can also pass through the delivery crane 23.

  FIG. 2 is a front view of a tire-type bridge-type yard crane 8 suitable for being used for cargo handling work in the container yard 6. The tire-type bridge-shaped yard crane 8 includes two pairs of left and right legs 8b having tires 8a at the lower part, that is, four legs 8b, and a pair of upper and lower legs 8b. No. 8c is spanned in parallel. The trolley 8d is guided by the pair of girders 8c so as to be movable in the transverse direction, which is the left-right direction in FIG. In a state of straddling 7a, the container 5 is hung on the trolley 8d, and the container 5 is loaded into the premises chassis 7a or unloaded from the premises chassis 7a. The container 5 is held and lifted by a spreader 8e that is moved up and down by a trolley 8d. In addition, the cab 8f on which the operator is boarded moves together with the trolley 8d, and the operator operates the trolley 8d. When the yard crane 8 is set to unmanned operation, the operator does not get on the vehicle and is operated by automatic operation or remote operation.

  As described above, the yard crane 8 moves in the direction along the container block 5a in a state of straddling the container block 5a, that is, in the traveling direction which is the direction penetrating the paper surface in FIG. 2, and from one container block 5a. In order to move to another adjacent container block 5a, it is possible to move in the direction along the right-angle traveling lane 61, that is, the right-and-left direction in FIG. For this reason, the rotation axis of the tire 8a is rotatable about an axis in the vertical direction, and the direction of movement can be changed by changing the direction of the rotation axis. As described above, since the delivery crane 23 is the same as the yard crane 8, it has the same structure as the yard crane 8.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a standby queue area 21a in which the foreign chassis 7b can be arranged and arranged is provided on the switching area 21 on the side of the delivery area 6b to receive the container 5. The foreign chassis 7b installed in the container terminal 1 is arranged in the waiting line area 21a.

  The cargo handling work in the container terminal according to the present invention configured as described above will be described in relation to the present invention.

  The storage area 6a of the container yard 6 accommodated the container 5 in which the imported cargo that was unloaded from the container ship 2 and waited to be carried out by the shipper was accommodated, and the export cargo that was in standby until the container ship 2 was loaded. The container 5 is stored and stored. A yard crane 8 is used to transport the container 5, and the yard crane 8 loads and unloads the container 5 between the premises chassis 7 a and the storage position. FIG. 2 shows an operation of loading the container 5 stored in the premises chassis 7a. In this loading operation, the container 5 is held by the spreader 8e of the yard crane 8, the spreader 8e is raised to an appropriate height, the container 5 is suspended, the trolley 8d is moved above the premises chassis 7a, and then the spreader 8e is lowered to load the container 5 on the premises chassis 7a. The local chassis 7a loaded with the container 5 travels to the carry-out area 21o and stops at a position corresponding to the position where the foreign chassis 7b to which the container 5 is to be delivered is waiting. Further, the delivery crane 23 also moves to the same position to form a switching point. On the other hand, when unloading the container 5 to the storage position, the container 5 is suspended from the local chassis 7a and loaded into the storage position, contrary to the above.

  FIG. 3 shows the switching point, and shows the work of transshipping the container 5 from the local chassis 7a to the foreign chassis 7b. The delivery crane 23 is positioned so as to straddle both the local chassis 7a and the foreign chassis 7b. After the container 5 loaded on the local chassis 7a is held and suspended by the spreader 8e, the container 5 The trolley 8d is traversed so as to be positioned above the foreign chassis 7b, the spreader 8e is lowered, and the container 5 is loaded on the foreign chassis 7b. On the other hand, in the carry-in area 21i, the container 5 is transferred from the foreign chassis 7b to the local chassis 7a, contrary to the above. Since the container 5 for carrying in may be transported to the storage area 6a when the campus chassis 7a is free, the container 5 is received at the container terminal 1 regardless of the presence of the campus chassis 7a to be transferred. Can do. For this reason, it is desirable that a space in which a small number of containers 5 can be temporarily placed is provided in the carry-in area 21i.

  And when the carrying out of the container 5 becomes a peak and many standby chassis 7b are lined up in the waiting line area 21a and the waiting time becomes long, the yard crane 8 is moved to the carrying out area 21o, and the delivery crane 23 and Similarly, the container 5 is transferred from the local chassis 7a to the foreign chassis 7b. At this time, the yard crane 8 moves to the side of the rows B to H of the container block 5a, travels at right angles on the right-angle traveling lane 61, and moves to the carry-out area 21o. Since the fence gate 20a is disposed in the right-angle traveling lane 61, the fence gate 20a is opened, and after passing through one leg 8b of the yard crane 8, the fence gate 20a is closed. Thereby, since the yard crane 8 is located across the carry-out area 21o including the fence 20, the container 5 is transferred between the local chassis 7a and the external chassis 7b in the same manner as the delivery crane 23. Can be used for work. Note that the fence gate 20a may be opened and closed electrically or manually. Furthermore, it can also be an automatic open / close type that opens when the yard crane 8 or the delivery crane 23 approaches the fence gate 20a and opens and detects when it is separated or stopped.

  On the other hand, when there is almost no visit of the foreign chassis 7b at night or the like, the delivery crane 23 moves to the storage area 6a and performs the cargo handling operation of the container 5. That is, when the delivery crane 23 is moved to a position straddling the fence gate 20a, and the fence gate 20a is opened and the vehicle travels at right angles along the right-angle traveling lane 61, the delivery crane 23 is moved into the storage area 6a. It becomes. Then, if the right-angle traveling lane 61 is moved at a right angle and moved to the position where the row related to the cargo handling operation among the rows B to H of the container block 5 is faced, the vehicle is caused to travel in the running direction across the row. The container 5 is used for cargo handling work.

  FIG. 4 shows a container terminal 1 in which a buffer area 24 is provided instead of the switching area 21. FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3 and shows a cargo handling operation in the buffer area. In addition, about the same installation and apparatus as the container terminal 1 shown in FIG. 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted. In the buffer area 24, a buffer block 25 in which the containers 5 are stacked in a matrix like the storage area 6a can be formed. The buffer block 25 is preferably provided closer to the storage area 6a than the fence 20 is. The buffer block 25 has a size in which the local chassis 7a is placed in the storage area 6a of the buffer block 25 and the foreign chassis 7b is stopped on the delivery area 6b side so that the delivery crane 23 can be straddled with the chassis 7a and 7b. It is as. Similarly to the carry-out area 21o and the carry-in area 21i, the buffer area 24 has a carry-in area 24i on the front side in the traveling direction of the local chassis 7a and the external chassis 7b with the buffer band portion 22 in between. A carry-out area 24o is provided respectively.

  In the case where the switching area 21 is provided, for example, at night, a shift in the container yard 6 that changes the storage position of the container 5 so that it can be quickly loaded into the foreign chassis 7b that comes in accordance with the reservation of the next day. In some cases, when the buffer area 24 is provided, the reserved container 5 can be temporarily placed in the buffer area 24 at night, and the container 5 can be moved to the foreign chassis 7b more quickly. Can be transferred to. In addition, since the space between the legs 8b of the yard crane 8 can be used as the buffer area 24, the space can be used effectively.

  In the embodiment described above, the yard crane 8 and the delivery crane 23 are described as being the same. However, the yard crane 8 and the delivery crane 23 can be used for both the cargo handling work in the storage area 6a and the cargo handling work in the delivery area 6b. A cargo handling machine with a different structure may be used as long as it can move to both the transfer area 6b and the transfer area 6b.

  The arrangement structure of various facilities such as the arrangement of container blocks and storage lanes in the container terminal described above is an example, and there are various arrangements depending on the container terminal. The present invention is implemented corresponding to the arrangement of the storage lanes and the storage lanes.

  According to the container terminal according to the present invention, work can be performed by efficiently operating a cargo handling machine operating in a container yard with a small number of units. For this reason, cost can be suppressed and introduction of an unmanned operation system of a container terminal can be promoted.

1 is a plan view of a container terminal including a switching area for transferring a container to and from an external chassis, showing an example of a container terminal according to the present invention. It is a front view which shows an example of the cargo handling machine suitable for performing the loading and unloading operation | work of a container in the container storage area of the container terminal which concerns on this invention, and shows a tire-type bridge type yard crane. It is a front view which shows an example of the cargo handling machine suitable for performing the transfer operation | work of a container in the container switching area of the container terminal which concerns on this invention, and shows a tire-type bridge crane like a yard crane. The other example of the container terminal which concerns on this invention is shown, It is a top view of the container terminal provided with the buffer area for performing the transfer operation | work of a container between external chassis. It is a front view which shows an example of the cargo handling machine suitable for performing the transfer work of a container in the buffer area of the container of the container terminal which concerns on this invention, and shows a tire type bridge crane similarly to a yard crane.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Container terminal 2 Container ship 4 Quay crane 5 Container 5a Container block 6 Container yard 6a Storage area 6b Delivery area 61 Right-angle driving lane 7a On-site chassis 7b Outer chassis 8 Yard crane 8d Trolley 8e Spreader 20 Fence 20a Fence gate 21 Switching area 21i Carry-in area 21o Carry-out area 22 Buffer belt 23 Transfer crane 24 Buffer area 24i Carry-in area 24o Carry-out area 25 Buffer block

Claims (5)

The container yard is equipped with a cargo handling machine such as a yard crane for loading and unloading containers with the on-site chassis, and loading and unloading work, and the loading and unloading work is performed between the on-site chassis and the foreign chassis in the delivery area. In a container terminal equipped with a transfer machine,
A container terminal characterized by being a shared cargo handling machine capable of sharing a cargo handling machine for cargo handling work in the container yard and a cargo handling machine for cargo handling work in the delivery area.   The container terminal according to claim 1, wherein the shared cargo handling machine is a part or all of a cargo handling machine in a container yard and a cargo handling machine in a delivery area.   The container terminal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shared cargo handling machine is a tire-type bridge yard crane.   The container terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the delivery area is a buffer area.   The container terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the local chassis is an automatic guided vehicle.

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