JP2006280371A - Mushroom spawn, method for seeding the mushroom spawn, and method for producing mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide mushroom spawn capable of being uniformly seeded into a culture medium for growing the mushroom and scarcely forming mycelial pellets, when produced or stored, to provide a method for seeding the spawn into the culture medium, and to provide a method for producing the mushroom using the spawn. <P>SOLUTION: This mushroom spawn contains a viscous or semisolid fluid and mushroom bacterial cells. The viscous or semisolid fluid preferably has a viscosity of about 200-36,000 cP. The method for producing the mushroom comprises pouring the spawn into a hole bored in a solid culture medium for growing the mushroom, and then growing the mushroom bacterial cells, so that the mushroom is grown from a surface of the solid culture medium. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to inoculums of mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms, enokitake mushrooms, shimeji mushrooms, eringgi, and sea cucumbers, a method of inoculating these mushroom inoculums on a medium, and a method of producing these mushrooms.

  Conventionally, when cultivating mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms, enokitake mushrooms, shimeji mushrooms, eringgi, sea cucumbers, etc., first of all, an artificial medium for mushroom cultivation (solid material such as sawdust and corn cob meal pulverized product formed into a lump) Then, if necessary, seeds with a nutrient solution such as glucose solution are inoculated with sawdust seeds, and the artificial medium after inoculation is allowed to stand at an appropriate temperature condition to generate mushrooms. This sawdust inoculum is obtained by pulverizing an inoculum culture medium in which mushroom hyphae are spread in a medium made of the same solid material as the artificial medium for mushroom cultivation.

  A conventional method of inoculating sawdust bacteria on an artificial medium for mushroom cultivation will be described with reference to FIG. 1. First, a lumped artificial medium 2 is formed by filling a wide-mouthed bottle or bag 1 with an artificial medium in the form of a pulverized product. The inoculation hole 21 penetrating or drilling in the vertical direction is provided at the center of the artificial medium 2. Further, sawdust 3 is scraped out of the container manually and put into the inoculation hole 21. The inoculated artificial medium 2 is placed under mushroom growth conditions, and when the mycelium appears on the upper surface of the medium 2, the medium 2 is taken out from the bag 1 and then subjected to stationary culture. As a result, hyphae extend from the sawdust inoculum 3 filled in the inoculation hole 21, and mushrooms grow on the side surfaces of the artificial medium 2.

  However, in this method, it is difficult to pack the sawdust inoculum to the bottom of the inoculation hole, and the contact area between the inoculum and the artificial medium is small. For this reason, the growth area | region of the mushroom in an artificial culture medium tends to be biased, As a result, the growth efficiency of a mushroom is bad. In addition, when inoculating an artificial medium with an inoculum, there is also a difficulty that a skilled operation in a clean room is necessary to avoid contamination with various bacteria.

  In recent years, bacterial cells for inoculum have been inoculated into a liquid medium and cultured while stirring so that the dividing mycelia and conidial mycelia are dispersed in the liquid medium. Methods of inoculating by spraying on the medium have been studied.

  In the method using a liquid inoculum, since the inoculum can be inoculated on the entire surface of the solid medium for cultivation, the inoculation distribution is uniform, and there is an advantage that the propagation conditions of the mycelia are improved.

  However, in the method using a liquid inoculum, when the inoculum is cultured in a liquid medium, if the medium is left standing, the mycelium is entangled and becomes a lump. When the mycelium becomes a lump, the culture medium cannot be uniformly inoculated with the fungus. Therefore, stirring is necessary to prevent the formation of mycelium. In order to stir, a special large culture system that usually has a large-capacity culture tank and a stirrer and can be cultured while aseptically stirring is required, resulting in high costs. Moreover, since the culture is performed in a culture tank having a large capacity, when the liquid medium is contaminated with various bacteria, the entire tank becomes unusable, and there is always a risk that a large amount of culture must be repeated from the beginning. In addition, if the liquid medium is left standing for a while after the stirring is stopped, the liquid and the inoculum are separated, so that the medium must be stirred again at the time of inoculation, which is troublesome.

  The present invention provides a mushroom inoculum that can be uniformly inoculated into a cultivation medium and is difficult to produce a mycelial mass at the time of production or storage, a method of inoculating such an inoculum into a cultivation medium, and a mushroom using such an inoculum. It is an object to provide a manufacturing method.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted research and obtained the following knowledge.
(i) By using a mushroom inoculum in which a mushroom cell is dispersed in a viscous or semi-fluid liquid, the inoculum can be uniformly inoculated to the bottom of the hole provided in the solid medium for mushroom cultivation. Moreover, since the viscosity of the liquid in which the microbial cells are dispersed is high, the microbial cells are not or hardly formed in the medium.
(ii) A viscous or semi-fluid liquid can be obtained, for example, by adding a water-soluble polymer compound to water or a seed medium liquid medium. When thickening polysaccharides that are permitted as food additives are used as aqueous polymer compounds, safer mushrooms are obtained.
(iii) In place of mushroom cells, a cultivated solid medium conventionally used as a solid medium for inoculum was used, and this was mixed with a viscous or semi-fluid liquid. Can also be used as an inoculum. As a result, the bacterial cell distribution in the inoculum becomes more uniform, and as a result, the cultivation medium can be inoculated with the mushroom bacterial cell more uniformly.

  The present invention has been completed based on the above findings, and provides the following mushroom inoculum, mushroom inoculation method, and mushroom production method.

  Item 1. A mushroom inoculum comprising a viscous or semi-fluid liquid and mushroom cells.

  Item 2. The mushroom inoculum according to Item 1, wherein the viscosity of the viscous or semi-fluid liquid is 200 to 36000 cP.

  Item 3. Item 3. The mushroom inoculum according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the viscous or semi-fluid liquid contains a water-soluble polymer compound.

  Item 4. Item 4. The mushroom inoculum according to item 3, wherein the water-soluble polymer compound is a thickening polysaccharide.

  Item 5. Item 5. The mushroom inoculum according to Item 4, wherein the thickening polysaccharide is carboxymethylcellulose, and 1-3% by weight of carboxymethylcellulose is contained in the viscous or semi-fluid liquid.

  Item 6. Item 5. The mushroom inoculum according to Item 4, wherein the thickening polysaccharide is carrageenan, and the carrageenan is contained in a viscous or semi-fluid liquid in an amount of 0.3 to 3.5% by weight.

  Item 7. Item 7. The mushroom inoculum according to any one of Items 1 to 6, comprising a mushroom cell grown in a pulverized solid medium for mushroom cultivation instead of the mushroom cell.

  Item 8. The inoculation method of the mushroom inoculum which inject | pours the mushroom inoculum in any one of claim | item 1 -7 into the hole provided in the solid culture medium for mushroom cultivation.

  Item 9. A first step of injecting the mushroom inoculum according to any one of Items 1 to 7 into a hole provided in the solid medium for mushroom cultivation; and generating mushrooms by culturing the mushroom cells in the solid medium for mushroom cultivation A method for producing a mushroom, comprising a second step.

  Since the mushroom inoculum of the present invention contains cells in a viscous or semi-fluid liquid, it can be uniformly filled up to the back of the hole provided in the solid medium for mushroom cultivation. As a result, mushroom cells can be uniformly inoculated on the solid medium for cultivation, and the growth efficiency of the mushrooms in the solid medium for cultivation is good.

  Further, since the mycelium is not generated or hardly generated at the time of production and storage of the inoculum, a stirrer is not required at the time of manufacture or storage, and therefore, it can be manufactured at low cost without using a large apparatus.

  Furthermore, since it is in a viscous liquid or semi-fluid state rather than a solid state, aseptic inoculation can be easily performed through a pipe or a nozzle.

  Also, instead of directly mixing the cells with a viscous or semi-fluid liquid, mixing the cells grown in a conventional pulverized solid medium with a viscous or semi-fluid liquid As a result, the bacterial cells and the viscous or semi-fluid liquid can be more easily mixed, and the bacterial cells are more uniformly distributed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
(I) Inoculum The mushroom inoculum of the present invention contains a viscous or semi-fluid liquid and mushroom cells.
The kind of mushroom mushroom is not particularly limited as long as it is a mushroom useful for food or medical use. For example, shiitake mushroom, enokitake mushroom, shimeji mushroom, maitake mushroom, eringi, mushroom, nameko, matsutake and the like.
Viscous or semi-fluid liquid Viscosity or semi-fluid liquid (hereinafter abbreviated as “viscous liquid”) can prevent the formation of cell mass, and to the back of the hole provided in the solid medium for mushroom cultivation Any material having viscosity or fluidity that can uniformly inoculate the inoculum can be used.

  Among them, the viscosity is preferably about 200 to 36000 cP, more preferably about 200 to 30000 cP, and still more preferably 200 to 10,000 cP. By being in the above-mentioned viscosity range, it is possible to prevent the formation of bacterial mass and to inoculate the inoculum uniformly up to the back of the hole provided in the solid medium for mushroom cultivation.

  In the present invention, the viscosity is a value measured using a B-type viscometer, and specifically a value measured by the method described in the examples.

  The viscous liquid can be obtained, for example, by dissolving a water-soluble polymer compound in an aqueous solution. A typical example of the water-soluble polymer compound is a polysaccharide, but a water-soluble polymer compound other than the polysaccharide may be used.

  Examples of the polysaccharide include carboxymethyl cellulose, alginic acid, xanthan gum, gum arabic, carrageenan, guar gum, pectin, tamarind seed gum and the like, which are generally called thickening polysaccharides. Since these are substances that are approved for use as food additives, they have a good consumer impression. Among these, carboxymethylcellulose is preferable in that it contains cellulose that serves as a nutrient source for mushrooms.

  Carrageenan is also preferred. Carrageenan is a polysaccharide obtained from the red alga Ibaranori, Kirinsai, Ginnanso, Tsunomata, and Suginori, and three types are known: κ type, λ type, and ι type. Carrageenan is preferred in that it is a highly safe food additive used for gelling agents for jelly and for providing milk beverages.

  Examples of water-soluble polymer compounds other than polysaccharides include acrylic acid graft copolymers. Since the water-soluble polymer compound is a polymer, it is not taken up by mushroom cells as it is. Therefore, the safety of the obtained mushroom is not particularly adversely affected.

  The amount of the water-soluble polymer compound used is within a range that can prevent the formation of cell mass and can obtain a viscosity that can inoculate the inoculum uniformly to the back of the hole provided in the solid medium for mushroom cultivation. It only has to be, and it depends on the type of polymer and the degree of etherification. For example, in the case of carboxymethyl cellulose having a degree of etherification of about 0.5 to 1.5, it is preferably about 1 to 3% by weight, more preferably about 1.5 to 2.0% by weight in a viscous or semi-fluid liquid. In the case of carrageenan, the amount is preferably about 0.3 to 3.5% by weight, more preferably about 0.3 to 0.5% by weight in the viscous or semi-fluid liquid.

The viscous liquid may be, for example, an aqueous solution in which the water-soluble polymer compound is dissolved in water. In addition to water-soluble polymer compounds, nutrients may not be added to this liquid, but in order to promote cell growth, carbon sources such as glucose, sucrose, and starch, amino acids, nitrogen such as urea, etc. Sources can also be added. Further, a water-soluble polymer compound may be dissolved in a liquid medium conventionally used for culturing inoculum (GPY medium mainly composed of glucose, polypeptone, yeast extract, etc.). In the case where the viscous liquid contains the nutrients of the bacterial cells, as described later, the viscous liquid inoculated with a small amount of bacterial cells and grown therein can be used as a seed fungus.
The fungus mushroom cell may be either a mycelium or a spore. Usually, the mycelium and viscous liquid are mixed. When the inoculum is finally inoculated on the solid medium for mushroom cultivation, the bacterial mass grows, and the amount of the bacterial cell used is not particularly limited.

  In addition, when the viscous liquid contains nutrients of bacteria, inoculate a small amount of bacterial cells into the viscous liquid and leave it for about 30 to 60 days at about 20 to 25 ° C. In order to proliferate, a viscous liquid in which bacterial cells are grown may be used.

  Also, instead of mixing the mushroom cells themselves with the viscous liquid, mixing the viscous liquid with a pulverized solid medium conventionally used for growing mushroom inoculum and mushroom cells spread. This makes it possible to more uniformly contain the bacterial cells in the viscous liquid.

  Such mushroom inoculum is commercially available from Kitaken Co., Ltd., Mori Sangyo Co., Ltd., Akiyama Inoculum Research Institute, Kinox Co., Ltd., etc., but can also be prepared as follows. Examples of the pulverized solid medium include pulverized plant materials such as sawdust and corn cob meal. In addition, nutrients such as glucose, rice bran, and wheat bran may be added to the solid medium. Moreover, commercially available nutrients for mushrooms such as Baydel (Kitaken Co., Ltd.), Neovitas (Kinox Co., Ltd.), and Kinogen S (Mori Sangyo Co., Ltd.) can be added. The water content of the solid medium may be usually about 60 to 65% by weight where hyphal growth is vigorous.

  By inoculating mushroom cells in such a solid medium and statically culturing at about 20 to 25 ° C. for about 30 to 60 days, a solid medium inoculum with infested cells can be obtained.

  What is necessary is just to mix this solid culture inoculum uniformly with a viscous liquid. The microbial cell-containing solid medium is usually about 10 to 50 v / v%, preferably about 20 to 30 v / v%, based on the viscous liquid. If it is the range of the usage-amount of said solid-medium inoculum, a mushroom can be grown from the solid medium for mushroom cultivation by culture | cultivation for a period short enough practically, and it will become a viscous inoculum.

In both cases where the microbial cells themselves are mixed with a viscous liquid, and when microbial cells grown in a solid medium (solid medium microbial cells) are mixed with a viscous liquid, the microbial cells or solid medium microbial cells are made viscous by stirring. It can be uniformly distributed in the liquid. Once mixed uniformly, the cells or solid medium cells will settle or become agglomerated and will not separate from the viscous liquid even if it is stored for up to about 30 days. Absent.
Other Components To the inoculum of the present invention, substances usually added to mushroom inoculums such as rice bran, wheat bran, hominy feed, and beer lees can be added to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
(II) Inoculation Method of Inoculum The inoculation method of the present invention is a method of injecting the above-described inoculum of the present invention into a hole provided in a solid medium for mushroom cultivation.

  The solid medium for mushroom cultivation is not particularly limited, and a known medium can be used. As such a known medium, for example, one kind or two or more kinds of wood sawdust such as oak, beech, oak, hornbeam, corn cob meal, rice husk, cottonseed husk, bagasse, etc., with a water content of 60 to 65% by weight What is adjusted so that it may become a grade and shape | molded in the lump shape is mentioned. This solid medium also contains nutrients such as glucose, rice bran and bran, and commercially available nutrient solutions such as Baydel (Kitaken), Neovitas (Kinox), and Kinogen S (Mori Sangyo). It can also be included.

  The solid medium is provided with a hole for inoculating the inoculum. The position and shape of the hole are not particularly limited, but in order to effectively use the entire solid medium for mushroom growth, it is preferable to provide a hole in the center of the solid medium mass so as to penetrate the mass vertically. Moreover, you may provide about 2-6 holes equally in the up-down direction of a solid culture medium. Or the hole drilled from the upper surface leaving a very small part of the bottom surface of the solid medium is also preferable.

  The pore volume affects the inoculum of the inoculum on the solid medium. The volume of the pores is preferably about 1 to 15% by volume, more preferably about 2 to 8% by volume with respect to the solid medium. If it is the range of the said volume ratio of a hole, the inoculum amount will become sufficient and the culture | cultivation period of the mushroom in a solid medium will become practically short enough. Moreover, even if the pore volume is larger than this, no further effect can be obtained, and the amount of inoculum is increased and the cost is increased.

  Prior to inoculation with the inoculum, the solid medium is usually sterilized to prevent contamination. The sterilization method is not particularly limited, but heat treatment at 98 to 100 ° C. under normal pressure for about 6 to 8 hours, or heat treatment at about 115 to 121 ° C. for about 1 to 2 hours in an autoclave at a pressure of about 0.7 to 1.0 kg / square centimeter. Can be sterilized.

Next, inoculum is injected into the hole provided in the solid medium. Since the inoculum of the present invention is a viscous liquid, the solid medium can be aseptically inoculated through a pipe and a nozzle so as not to come into contact with the outside air from a container used for preparing the inoculum. The inoculum may be filled in the entire pores of the solid medium, but it is desirable to cover the upper surface of the solid medium, so that mushrooms can be efficiently grown using the whole medium. The amount of inoculum used is preferably about 4 to 20 v / v%, more preferably about 6 to 10 v / v% with respect to the solid medium.
(III) Mushroom cultivation method The mushroom cultivation method of the present invention comprises a first step of injecting the inoculum of the present invention into a hole provided in a solid medium for mushroom cultivation; And a second step of generating mushrooms.

  The first step is as described above. The cultivation method of the mushroom in the solid culture medium inoculated with the inoculum is not particularly limited, and a known method can be adopted. For example, it may be allowed to stand in an environment having a temperature of about 15 to 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of about 50 to 80%. The solid medium inoculated with the mushroom inoculum may be placed outdoors as long as it is in the above temperature condition.

  The light may be natural light or artificial light such as a fluorescent lamp, but in the case of artificial light, it is desirable to irradiate light with an illuminance of about 0.1 to 1600 Lux.

  Usually, when placed in the above environment for about 60 to 120 days, a mycelium appears on the upper surface of the medium, so the solid medium is removed from the bag or container. Furthermore, when stationary culture is continued under conditions of a temperature of about 10 to 20 ° C., a humidity of about 80 to 90%, and an illuminance of about 200 to 1600 Lux, mushrooms are generated from the side of the solid medium in about 7 to 14 days.

  The mushroom cultivation method of this invention can be performed using the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, for example. This apparatus includes a tank 5 for preparing inoculum, and a cutter 51 is provided inside the tank 5. A solid medium 61 in which a viscous liquid 62 and mushroom cells are spread is added to the tank 5, and the solid medium 61 is stirred and pulverized by a cutter 51. Thereby, the inoculum 6 of the present invention is obtained.

The tank 5 communicates with the mushroom culture container 9 through the pipe 7. The inoculum 6 prepared in the tank 5 is transported to the mushroom cultivation container 9 through the pipe 7 by driving the pump 8. A nozzle 71 is attached to the tip of the pipe 7 so that the inoculum 6 can be injected into the container 9 from the tip of the nozzle 71. The container 9 is filled with a solid medium 10 for mushroom cultivation. An inoculation hole 101 penetrating in the vertical direction is provided at the center of the solid medium 10. By injecting the inoculum into the container 9, the viscous liquid inoculum is filled up to the bottom in the hole 101 of the solid medium 10. Furthermore, the inoculum 6 may be injected until the upper surface of the solid medium 10 is covered.
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and test examples.

Test Example 1 Viscous inoculum using carboxymethylcellulose
<Investigation of viscosity of viscous liquid of inoculum>
As seed bacteria composed of viscous liquid, aqueous solutions of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC; Sunrose EB50 manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.) having concentrations of 1% by weight, 1.5% by weight, and 3% by weight were prepared.

  The viscosity of the CMC aqueous solution having a concentration of 1% by weight and 3% by weight was measured at a temperature of 20 ° C. using a B-type viscometer (manufactured by Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd., BM type, manufactured in December 1983). The rotational speed of the rotor was 12 rpm. The rotor used was rotor No. 2 for the sample with a concentration of 1% by weight and rotor No. 4 for the sample with a concentration of 3% by weight, according to the manual attached to the viscometer. The viscosity of each sample was measured three times, and the average value was taken as the viscosity.

  The average viscosity of the 1% by weight CMC aqueous solution was 259 cP, and the average viscosity of the 3% by weight CMC aqueous solution was 30167 cP.

  Four types of inoculum were prepared by adding 30 (v / v%) Shiitake sawdust species (Hokkaido No. 600) to these three types of CMC aqueous solutions and water as a control.

  Next, a solid medium for shiitake cultivation was prepared as follows. Mix hardwood sawdust larger than 3 mesh, hardwood sawdust smaller than 20 mesh, rice bran, and bran in a volume ratio of 5: 5: 1: 1, add tap water to adjust the water content to 62% by weight Created. This was filled with 1700 ml of an 11 cm × 13 cm × 30 cm size plastic bag, and a hole with a diameter of 2 cm was provided in the center so as to penetrate vertically. Into the hole of the solid medium, 40 ml of the above four types of inoculum were injected using a 2 to 10 ml micropipette with the tip diameter cut to 5 mm.

  An inoculum with a CMC concentration of 1.5% by weight could be smoothly injected to the bottom of the pores of the solid medium. In addition, even after 24 hours from the injection, sawdust seeds were not separated in the CMC aqueous solution.

  An inoculum with a CMC concentration of 1% by weight could be injected to the bottom of the pores of the solid medium. In addition, when the solid medium after inoculation was left to stand, it was found that the CMC aqueous solution, which is a viscous liquid, and sawdust inoculum were partially separated in about 1 hour, but this was not in a practical range. .

  The inoculum having a CMC concentration of 3% by weight could be injected up to the bottom of the hole of the solid medium, but at the time of injection, a part of the inoculum adhered to the hole wall and hardly flowed downward. However, it was not in a practical range.

  On the other hand, the seed inoculum in which sawdust inoculum was mixed with water had to be stirred before inoculation because sawdust inoculum and water separated immediately after preparation. Moreover, immediately after injecting into the hole of the solid medium, sawdust seeds started to separate from water.

From this, it is understood that the CMC concentration of the viscous liquid is about 1 to 3% by weight.
<Inoculation of inoculum / Mushroom cultivation>
20 (v / v%) of shiitake sawdust (Hokkaido No. 600) was mixed with an aqueous solution containing 1.5% by weight of CMC.

  Size 11cm x 13cm x 30cm of solid media for shiitake cultivation A plastic bag was filled with 1700 ml, and a hole with a diameter of 2 cm penetrating vertically was provided in the center. The solid medium thus formed was sterilized at 121 ° C. for 90 minutes at a pressure of 1.0 kg / square centimeter.

  By injecting 110 ml of the inoculum into the hole of the solid medium after sterilization, the inoculum was filled in the hole, and the upper surface of the solid medium was covered with the inoculum.

  This was placed in a room at 21 ° C and a relative humidity of 65% under the light of two daylight fluorescent lamps with an illuminance of 800 Lux. After 90 days, the solid medium was taken out of the bag and subsequently placed in an environment with a temperature of 17 ° C. and a relative humidity of 85% under the same light conditions. Seven days after removal from the bag, fruit bodies of shiitake were formed from the side of the solid medium.

Test Example 2 Viscous inoculum using carrageenan
<Investigation of viscosity of viscous liquid of carrageenan and inoculum>
Carrageenan (GENUEGEL carrageenan type CJ) was used for the test. Carrageenan was dissolved in distilled water and used as an aqueous solution. Table 1 shows carrageenan types, aqueous solution concentrations, and the like.

  After autoclaving the carrageenan aqueous solution (121 ° C, 20 minutes), add 30% (v / v) shiitake sawdust (Kitaken 607, Kitaken) to each carrageenan aqueous solution, and add 1000 mL of ace homogenizer (AM-10 type, Nippon Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) was used and crushed under conditions of 8,000 rpm for 60 seconds to prepare a viscous inoculum.

  The viscosity of each carrageenan aqueous solution after autoclaving, as well as the viscosity immediately after crushing of the viscous inoculum, 4 days and 10 days after creation, were measured at a temperature of 25 ° C using a B-type viscosity type (BM type, Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.). .

  These measurements were performed according to the attached manual of the viscometer, and as shown in Table 2, the rotational speed of the rotor was 6, 60 rpm, and the rotor was the rotor No. 2, 3, and 4 were used. The viscosity was the average of three measurements for each test group.

  Table 2 shows the viscosity of the viscous inoculum using carrageenan in each test section, and the state of separation of the sawdust inoculum and the carrageenan aqueous solution after a certain period.

  The iota (ι) type carrageenan showed no separation between sawdust and carrageenan aqueous solution even after 10 days in both aqueous solution concentrations of 0.3 wt% and 0.5 wt%. The viscosity after 10 days was 400 cP for an aqueous solution concentration of 0.3% by weight and 1,400 cP for 0.5% by weight. When the inoculum of these viscosities was inoculated on the medium, it could be inoculated uniformly.

From this, it has been clarified that the concentration of the carrageenan aqueous solution is preferably 0.3 to 0.5% by weight in order to produce viscous inoculum using carrageenan. Add 30% (v / v) shiitake sawdust seeds to 0.3 wt% ι-type carrageenan aqueous solution and crush them with a mixer at 8,000 rpm for 60 seconds to separate the aqueous solution and sawdust seeds A good viscous inoculum was created.
<Inoculation of inoculum / Mushroom cultivation>
30% (v / v) of shiitake sawdust (Kitaken 607, Kitaken) was mixed with an aqueous ι-type carrageenan solution having a concentration of 0.3% by weight.

  Medium materials were broad-leaved sawdust with a particle size larger than 3 mesh, hardwood sawdust smaller than 20 mesh, and rice bran or bran as nutrients. These materials were blended in a dry matter weight ratio of 5: 5: 1: 1, respectively, and the water content was adjusted to 62% by weight to prepare a medium.

  The medium was filled with 1 kg of a culture bag (ST-12P-25, Shinano Poly Co., Ltd.) and then subjected to high-pressure steam sterilization at 117 ° C. for 90 minutes.

  After inoculating 40 ml of the viscous inoculum ι0.3 produced with a 0.3 wt% iota-type carrageenan aqueous solution per medium using a tube pump, the culture was started. In addition, as a control group, a test group inoculated with 15 g per medium of sawdust inoculum, which is the standard for use by the inoculum manufacturer, was set. The culture period was 100 days, the culture temperature was 21 ° C., and the humidity was 65%. It was dark until 30 days after inoculation, and after that, it was illuminated for 8 hours a day with an 800 Lux white fluorescent lamp.

  Remove the culture medium after completion of the culture from the culture bag, wash the surface of the medium with tap water, and then generate fruit bodies under a temperature of 17 ° C, humidity of 85% or higher, and 800Lux white fluorescent light for 8 hours a day. It was. The medium after the first generation was submerged for water supply and prepared for the second generation. In this way, water was repeatedly immersed in the culture medium after the completion of generation to generate fruit bodies four times in total, and the number of occurrences was measured according to size. Size was classified as M for umbrella diameter of 4 cm or more, S for less than 4 cm, and O for malformations. In each test group, the number of test media was 15 media.

  Table 3 shows the number of fruiting bodies generated up to 4 times per medium. The number of fruiting bodies generated was 23.7 in the viscous inoculum group and 19.0 in the sawdust inoculum group, which was the control group. There was a significant difference between them at a risk rate of 5%.

  In general, it has been found that a medium having a high maturity level generates a large amount of fruit bodies. It is considered that viscous inoculum can reduce the spread period of mycelia because the cells can be distributed more uniformly in the medium than sawdust inoculum. Actually, in the medium inoculated with the viscous inoculum, the period during which the hyphae covered the surface of the medium was shorter by about 5 to 8 days than the sawdust inoculum. From this, it is surmised that the maturity of the medium is also advanced as compared with the medium using sawdust seeds. For this reason, it was considered that the number of fruit bodies in the viscous inoculum increased compared to the sawdust inoculum.

It is a figure explaining the inoculum | inoculation method to the conventional solid culture medium. It is a figure explaining the inoculum method of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Wide-mouth bottle or bag
2 Artificial medium
21 Inoculation hole
3 sawdust inoculum
5 tanks
51 cutter
6 inoculum
61 Solid medium inoculum (Solid medium infested with mushroom cells)
62 Viscous liquid
7 Piping
71 nozzles
8 Pump
9 containers
10 Solid medium for mushroom cultivation
101 Inoculation hole

Claims (9)

A mushroom inoculum comprising a viscous or semi-fluid liquid and mushroom cells. The mushroom inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the viscous or semi-fluid liquid is 200 to 36000 cP. The mushroom inoculum according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the viscous or semi-fluid liquid contains a water-soluble polymer compound. The mushroom inoculum according to claim 3, wherein the water-soluble polymer compound is a thickening polysaccharide. The mushroom inoculum according to claim 4, wherein the thickening polysaccharide is carboxymethylcellulose, and 1 to 3 wt% of carboxymethylcellulose is contained in the viscous or semi-fluid liquid. The mushroom inoculum according to claim 4, wherein the thickening polysaccharide is carrageenan, and 0.3 to 3.5 wt% of carrageenan is contained in the viscous or semi-fluid liquid. The mushroom inoculum according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a cultivated mushroom cultivated solid medium for cultivating mushrooms instead of mushroom microbial cells. The inoculation method of the mushroom inoculum which inject | pours the mushroom inoculum in any one of Claims 1-7 in the hole provided in the solid culture medium for mushroom cultivation. A first step of injecting the mushroom inoculum according to any one of claims 1 to 7 into a hole provided in the solid medium for mushroom cultivation; and generating mushrooms by culturing the mushroom cells in the solid medium for mushroom cultivation A method for producing mushrooms, comprising a second step.

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