JP2006272074A - Grinding and classifying treatment apparatus and its operation method - Google Patents
Grinding and classifying treatment apparatus and its operation method Download PDFInfo
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- JP2006272074A JP2006272074A JP2005092479A JP2005092479A JP2006272074A JP 2006272074 A JP2006272074 A JP 2006272074A JP 2005092479 A JP2005092479 A JP 2005092479A JP 2005092479 A JP2005092479 A JP 2005092479A JP 2006272074 A JP2006272074 A JP 2006272074A
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 50
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- -1 as a pretreatment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002921 fermentation waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、嫌気性微生物を用いて、糞尿、生ゴミ、食品加工残滓等の有機性廃棄物を処理するメタン発酵処理装置に有機性廃棄物を供給するための粉砕分別処理装置及びその運転方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a pulverization and separation treatment apparatus for supplying organic waste to a methane fermentation treatment apparatus for treating organic waste such as manure, garbage and food processing residue using anaerobic microorganisms, and an operating method thereof. About.
生ゴミ等の有機性廃棄物のほとんどは、焼却や埋立処分されているが、焼却に伴うダイオキシンの発生や埋立処分地の逼迫、悪臭などの問題から、環境負荷の少ない処理方法が求められている。これらの問題を解決するために有機性廃棄物をメタン発酵処理し、発生したメタンガスを燃料電池やガスエンジンを用いて発電するシステムが研究、開発されている。 Most organic waste such as garbage is incinerated or landfilled, but due to problems such as the generation of dioxins associated with incineration, tightness of landfill sites, and foul odors, treatment methods with low environmental impact are required. Yes. In order to solve these problems, research and development have been conducted on a system in which organic waste is subjected to methane fermentation, and the generated methane gas is generated using a fuel cell or a gas engine.
メタン発酵は、有機性廃棄物をスラリー化した後、このスラリーを発酵槽に投入し、嫌気性下でメタン菌により発酵処理することで、有機性廃棄物をメタンガスに転換するもので、投入原料の性状や運転条件などにより様々な処理方法、発酵槽が提案されている。 In methane fermentation, organic waste is slurried, then this slurry is put into a fermentor and fermented with methane bacteria under anaerobic conditions to convert organic waste into methane gas. Various treatment methods and fermenters have been proposed depending on the properties and operating conditions.
そして有機性廃棄物をスラリー化するにあたり、前処理として、有機性廃棄物中に混在する包装容器や紙類などの発酵不適物を分別しつつ、有機性廃棄物を適度な大きさに粉砕処理している。 And when slurried organic waste, as a pretreatment, organic waste is crushed to an appropriate size while separating unsuitable materials such as packaging containers and papers mixed in organic waste. is doing.
このような有機性廃棄物の粉砕分別処理装置として、例えば下記特許文献１、２のような、横置き状態に配置した円筒状ドラム内に、回転軸に取付けられた羽根車を同軸状態に配置した形式の回転式粉砕分別処理装置が一般的に使用されている。 As such a pulverization / separation processing apparatus for organic waste, for example, as in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below, an impeller attached to a rotating shaft is coaxially arranged in a cylindrical drum arranged in a horizontal state. A rotary pulverization / separation processing apparatus of the type described above is generally used.
このドラムの外周面の下側半分は、メッシュ状のパンチングメタルからなる篩面とされており、ドラムの一端に形成されている投入口から、ドラム内に有機性廃棄物を投入すると、有機性廃棄物が粉砕されて、篩面から粉砕された有機性廃棄物が篩い落とされる。一方、ドラムの中に残った包装容器や紙類などの発酵不適物は、前記羽根車又は前記円筒ドラムの後端に設置された送風羽根の回転風力により、装置外へ排出される。
粉砕処理する有機性廃棄物には生ゴミも含まれるが、なかでも、ご飯や餅などのような糊状の粘性を有するものは、粉砕処理時にドラム外周面に付着してしまい、粉砕した有機性廃棄物をふるい落とす篩面の貫通穴を閉塞してしまうことがあった。 Organic waste to be crushed includes raw garbage. Among them, those with paste-like viscosity such as rice and rice cake adhere to the drum outer surface during the pulverization process, and the crushed organic In some cases, the through-holes on the sieve surface where the sewable waste is screened out are blocked.
そのため、このような事態が生じると、粉砕処理した有機性廃棄物を篩い落とすことができなくなってしまい、一旦装置を停止させたりして、篩面に付着した有機性廃棄物を除去したりする必要があり、有機性廃棄物の粉砕効率が悪く、また、装置のメンテナンス費用も要するものであった。 Therefore, when such a situation occurs, the pulverized organic waste cannot be sieved, and the apparatus is temporarily stopped to remove the organic waste adhering to the sieve surface. It was necessary, the efficiency of grinding organic waste was poor, and the maintenance cost of the equipment was also required.
したがって本発明の目的は、有機性廃棄物の粉砕及び包装材などの発酵不適物の分別を効率よく行なうことのできる粉砕分別処理装置及びその運転方法を提案することにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to propose a pulverization / separation processing apparatus and its operating method capable of efficiently pulverizing organic waste and separating unsuitable fermentation materials such as packaging materials.
上記目的を達成ため、本発明の粉砕分別処理装置は、回転軸と、この回転軸の外周に放射状に取り付けられた複数の羽根とを有する羽根車が、横置き状態の円筒ドラムの中に配置され、前記円筒ドラムの下側外周面に篩面が形成されている粉砕分別処理装置において、前記円筒ドラムの下側外周部に、前記篩面に向けて液体を吹きつけるためのノズルが設けられていることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, in the pulverization / separation processing apparatus of the present invention, an impeller having a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades radially attached to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft is disposed in a horizontally placed cylindrical drum. In the pulverization / separation processing apparatus in which a sieve surface is formed on the lower outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical drum, a nozzle for spraying liquid toward the sieve surface is provided on the lower outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical drum. It is characterized by.
本発明の粉砕分別処理装置においては、前記円筒ドラムの上側内周面にも、前記ノズルが設けられていることが好ましい。また、前記粉砕用羽根車の駆動機構の負荷を測定し、前記負荷の変動に応じて、前記ノズルからの液体の噴射量を制御するよう構成することが好ましい。そして、前記駆動機構の負荷の増大量に応じて、液体の噴射量を増大させるように構成するか、あるいは、前記駆動機構の負荷が所定値を超えた時、液体を噴射する又は噴射量を増大させるようにように構成することが好ましい。 In the pulverization / separation processing apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the nozzle is also provided on the upper inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical drum. Further, it is preferable that the load of the driving mechanism of the crushing impeller is measured, and the amount of liquid ejected from the nozzle is controlled in accordance with the fluctuation of the load. Then, it is configured to increase the liquid injection amount according to the increase amount of the load of the drive mechanism, or when the load of the drive mechanism exceeds a predetermined value, the liquid is injected or the injection amount is set. It is preferable to be configured to increase.
一方、本発明の粉砕分別処理装置の運転方法は、回転軸と、この回転軸の外周に放射状に取り付けられた複数の羽根とを有する羽根車が、横置き状態の円筒ドラムの中に配置され、前記円筒ドラムの下側外周面に篩面が形成されている粉砕分別処理装置の運転方法において、前記円筒ドラムの下側外周部に配置されたノズルから液体を噴射して前記篩面の閉塞物を除去することを特徴とする。 On the other hand, according to the operation method of the pulverization / separation processing apparatus of the present invention, an impeller having a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades radially attached to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft is arranged in a horizontally placed cylindrical drum. In the operation method of the pulverization / separation processing apparatus in which a sieve surface is formed on the lower outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical drum, the liquid is ejected from a nozzle disposed on the lower outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical drum to block the sieve surface It is characterized by removing objects.
本発明の粉砕分別処理装置の運転方法においては、前記円筒ドラムの上側内周面に、配置されたノズルからも液体を噴射することが好ましい。また、前記粉砕用羽根車の駆動機構の負荷を測定し、負荷の変動に応じて、前記ノズルからの液体の噴射水量を制御することが好ましい。そして、前記駆動機構の負荷の増大に応じて、前記ノズルからの液体の噴射水量を増大させるか、あるいは、前記駆動機構の負荷が所定値を超えた時、前記ノズルから液体を噴射させる又は噴射量を増大させることが好ましい。 In the operation method of the pulverization / separation processing apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the liquid is also ejected from nozzles arranged on the upper inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical drum. Moreover, it is preferable to measure the load of the driving mechanism of the crushing impeller and to control the amount of water jetted from the nozzle according to the fluctuation of the load. Then, in response to an increase in the load of the drive mechanism, the amount of water jetted from the nozzle is increased, or when the load of the drive mechanism exceeds a predetermined value, the liquid is jetted or jetted from the nozzle. It is preferred to increase the amount.
本発明によれば、円筒ドラムの下側外周面に形成されている篩面に向けて液体を吹きつけることで、粉砕分別処理装置の篩面が目詰まりすることなく、有機性廃棄物中に混入している包装材などの発酵不適物を効率よく分別してメタン発酵に寄与する有機性廃棄物を効率良く取り出すことができると共に、粉砕された生ごみを次の工程へのポンプ移送が容易なほどに水分量を増してスラリー化できるので、有機性廃棄物からエネルギーを効率よく回収可能なメタン発酵処理装置へ、有機性廃棄物を一定量安定して供給できる。 According to the present invention, the liquid is sprayed toward the sieve surface formed on the lower outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical drum, so that the sieve surface of the pulverization / separation processing device is not clogged, and the organic waste is disposed in the organic waste. Efficient separation of unsuitable fermentation materials such as mixed packaging materials and efficient removal of organic waste that contributes to methane fermentation and easy pumping of crushed garbage to the next process Since the amount of water can be increased to a slurry, the organic waste can be stably supplied to a methane fermentation treatment apparatus capable of efficiently recovering energy from the organic waste.
そして、篩面への液体吹きつけは、円筒ドラム内に取付けられた駆動機構の負荷変動に応じて、液体の噴射量を制御することで、液体の噴射時期の最適化が図れ、有機性廃棄物の粉砕処理効率が向上し、粉砕分別処理装置の運転コスト及びメンテナンスコストを低減できる。 The spraying of liquid onto the sieve surface is possible by optimizing the liquid injection timing by controlling the liquid injection amount according to the load variation of the drive mechanism mounted in the cylindrical drum, and organic disposal The pulverization efficiency of the product is improved, and the operation cost and maintenance cost of the pulverization / separation processing apparatus can be reduced.
以下、本発明を、図面を用いて更に詳細に説明する。図１、２は、本発明の粉砕分別機の構成を示す一実施形態であって、図１は本発明の粉砕分別機の概略図であり、図２は図１のＡ−Ａ矢印線に沿った粉砕分別機の断面図である。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a pulverization / separation machine according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the pulverization / separation machine according to the present invention, and FIG. It is sectional drawing of the grinding | pulverization sorter along.
この粉砕分別処理装置は、横置状態の円筒ドラム１と、この円筒ドラム１の内部において同軸状態で回転可能に配置された粉砕用の羽根車２と、この羽根車２を回転させる駆動モータ３とから主に構成されている。 The pulverization and separation processing apparatus includes a horizontal cylindrical drum 1, a pulverization impeller 2 rotatably disposed in a coaxial state inside the cylindrical drum 1, and a drive motor 3 that rotates the impeller 2. And is composed mainly of.
円筒ドラム１の前端部分の上側位置には、当該円筒ドラム内に有機性廃棄物である生ごみ８を投入するための投入口１０が形成されている。円筒ドラム１の反対側の後端部分には、その上側位置に、当該円筒ドラム内から水平に延びて側方に開口している排出口１１が形成されている。この排出口１１は、有機性廃棄物から分別されて、円筒ドラム１内を後端部分まで搬送されてきたビニール袋等の発酵不適物９を排出するためのものである。 In the upper position of the front end portion of the cylindrical drum 1, a charging port 10 is formed for charging garbage 8, which is organic waste, into the cylindrical drum. At the rear end portion on the opposite side of the cylindrical drum 1, a discharge port 11 extending horizontally from the cylindrical drum and opening to the side is formed at the upper position. The discharge port 11 is for discharging unsuitable fermentation materials 9 such as plastic bags that are separated from the organic waste and transported through the cylindrical drum 1 to the rear end portion.
円筒ドラム１の下半部分は、粉砕処理した有機性廃棄物を篩い落とすために、メッシュ状のパンチングメタルから形成された篩面１２となっている。この篩面１２の直下の部分には、当該篩面を通って落下する有機性廃棄物を受けるためのホッパー１３が配置され、このホッパー１３の下端は、ペースト供給ポンプ４０と連結している。なお、篩面１２の貫通穴の口径を大きくすることで、粉砕した有機性廃棄物による閉塞が生じにくくなるが、それに伴って、粉砕されて篩い落とされた有機性廃棄物のサイズも大きくなるので、ペースト供給ポンプ４０での移送が出来ないなど他の問題が発生する。したがって、篩面１２のパンチングメタルの貫通穴の口径は、直径５〜２０ｍｍが好ましい。 The lower half portion of the cylindrical drum 1 is a sieving surface 12 made of mesh-like punching metal in order to screen out the pulverized organic waste. A hopper 13 for receiving the organic waste falling through the sieving surface is disposed immediately below the sieving surface 12, and the lower end of the hopper 13 is connected to the paste supply pump 40. In addition, although the clogging by the pulverized organic waste becomes difficult to occur by increasing the diameter of the through hole of the sieving surface 12, the size of the organic waste crushed and sieved is increased accordingly. Therefore, other problems such as inability to transfer with the paste supply pump 40 occur. Therefore, the diameter of the through hole of the punching metal on the sieve surface 12 is preferably 5 to 20 mm.
そして、ホッパー１３内には、篩面１２に向かって伸びた液体を噴射するノズル５ａが複数設置されており、篩面１２に液体を吹きつけるように構成されている。 In the hopper 13, a plurality of nozzles 5 a for injecting the liquid extending toward the sieve surface 12 are installed, and the liquid is sprayed onto the sieve surface 12.
また、円筒ドラム１の上側位置には、篩面１２に向かって伸びた、液体を噴射するためのノズル５ｂが複数設置され、篩面１２に液体を吹きつけるように構成されていることが好ましい。なお、ノズル５ａ、５ｂは、図示しない貯水槽と連結しており、図示しない液体ポンプを稼動させることで、水圧をかけて高圧水を噴出する構成であっても良いし、加圧ポンプを必要とせず、貯水槽からの水圧、あるいは貯水槽が無く水道に直接接続して、スプレーするように構成するものであっても良い。さらに、ノズル５ａ、５ｂから噴出する液体は、水道水、雨水、再生水であっても、またメタン発酵廃液を固液分離した廃液であっても良く、この液体にメタン発酵に寄与する物質やメタン発酵の阻害物質では無く、その後の処理に寄与する物質が混入されたものであっても良い。 Further, it is preferable that a plurality of nozzles 5 b extending toward the sieve surface 12 and spraying the liquid are installed at the upper position of the cylindrical drum 1 so as to spray the liquid onto the sieve surface 12. . The nozzles 5a and 5b are connected to a water tank (not shown), and may be configured to eject high-pressure water by applying a water pressure by operating a liquid pump (not shown), or a pressure pump is required. Instead, the water pressure from the water tank or the water tank may be directly connected to the water supply and sprayed. Furthermore, the liquid ejected from the nozzles 5a and 5b may be tap water, rain water, reclaimed water, or waste liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation of methane fermentation waste liquid. Instead of a fermentation inhibitor, a substance that contributes to subsequent processing may be mixed.
羽根車２は、円筒ドラム１の内部に同軸状態に配置されており、回転軸２１と、複数の羽根とを備えている。 The impeller 2 is coaxially arranged inside the cylindrical drum 1 and includes a rotating shaft 21 and a plurality of blades.
羽根車２には、包装材などに詰め込まれた有機性廃棄物から、包装材を引裂き、有機性廃棄物を取り出すための破袋羽根２２がその前端部に取り付けられており、その後端部分には、有機性廃棄物を粉砕・破砕するための粉砕羽根２３が取り付けられている。そして、その最後端部には、円筒ドラム１の内部を後端部分まで送られてきた発酵不適物９を風力で排出口１１から排出するための送風羽根２４が取り付けられている。 The impeller 2 has a bag breaking blade 22 for tearing the packaging material from the organic waste packed in the packaging material and taking out the organic waste, and is attached to the front end portion. Are equipped with crushing blades 23 for crushing and crushing organic waste. And the ventilation blade 24 for discharging | emitting the fermentation unsuitable thing 9 sent to the rear-end part through the inside of the cylindrical drum 1 from the discharge port 11 with wind force is attached to the last end part.
また、円筒ドラム１の後端壁の外側には駆動モータ３が配置されており、この駆動モータ３の回転力が、ベルト、プーリからなる伝達機構を介して、回転軸２１に伝達される。 A drive motor 3 is disposed outside the rear end wall of the cylindrical drum 1, and the rotational force of the drive motor 3 is transmitted to the rotary shaft 21 via a transmission mechanism including a belt and a pulley.
また、駆動モータ３には、駆動モータの負荷を測定するための測定器４が配置されている。篩面１２が閉塞され、ホッパー１３へ、粉砕した有機性廃棄物を供給できなくなると、円筒ドラム１内に有機性廃棄物の滞留量が多くなるので、羽根車２を駆動させるための駆動モータ３の負荷が大きくなる。よって、駆動モータ３の負荷変動を測定することで、篩面１２の閉塞状態を把握できる。ここで、測定器４としては、駆動モータの駆動源によって異なるが、電流計、電圧計、インバータ、過電流検出器などが挙げられる。 The drive motor 3 is provided with a measuring device 4 for measuring the load of the drive motor. When the sieve surface 12 is closed and the pulverized organic waste cannot be supplied to the hopper 13, the amount of the organic waste staying in the cylindrical drum 1 increases, so that the drive motor for driving the impeller 2 is driven. 3 load becomes large. Therefore, the closed state of the sieve surface 12 can be grasped by measuring the load fluctuation of the drive motor 3. Here, as the measuring device 4, although it changes with the drive sources of a drive motor, an ammeter, a voltmeter, an inverter, an overcurrent detector, etc. are mentioned.
そして測定器４からの測定値は、演算器３０（３１）に入力されるように構成されており、測定値に応じて、ノズル５ａ、５ｂからの液体の噴射水量を調整できる。 And the measured value from the measuring device 4 is comprised so that it may be input into the calculating unit 30 (31), and the amount of jetted water of the liquid from nozzle 5a, 5b can be adjusted according to a measured value.
測定器４で、駆動モータ３の負荷を測定した際における演算器３０（３１）による演算処理及び制御は、例えば、図３又は図４のフローチャートに示したような処理によって行なうことができる。 The arithmetic processing and control by the arithmetic unit 30 (31) when the load of the drive motor 3 is measured by the measuring device 4 can be performed, for example, by processing as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3 or FIG.
すなわち、図３に示すように、まず、ステップＳ１で、測定器４により測定された、駆動モータ３の負荷が、測定値として演算器３０に入力される。 That is, as shown in FIG. 3, first, in step S <b> 1, the load of the drive motor 3 measured by the measuring device 4 is input to the computing unit 30 as a measured value.
そして、ステップＳ２へ進み、測定値が所定値以下であるかどうかの判断が行われ、所定値以下であれば、ステップＳ３へ進み、ノズル５ａ、５ｂからの液体の噴射を停止するか、あるいは設定量として有機性廃棄物の粉砕処理が行われる。 Then, the process proceeds to step S2, and it is determined whether or not the measured value is equal to or less than the predetermined value. If the measured value is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S3 and the ejection of the liquid from the nozzles 5a and 5b is stopped, or Organic waste is pulverized as a set amount.
一方、測定値が所定値以上の場合、ステップＳ４へ進み、ノズル５ａ、５ｂから、篩面１２への液体の噴射水量を、負荷の増大に応じた量で増大させる。以上の処理を所定間隔で繰り返し、ステップＳ２での測定値が所定値以下となるように制御することができ、篩面１２の閉塞を防止できる。 On the other hand, when the measured value is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S4, and the amount of water jetted from the nozzles 5a and 5b to the sieve surface 12 is increased by an amount corresponding to the increase in load. The above processing is repeated at a predetermined interval, and the measurement value in step S2 can be controlled to be equal to or less than the predetermined value, and the clogging of the sieve surface 12 can be prevented.
このように、演算器３０では、負荷の測定値に応じて、篩面１２への液体の噴射水量を調整できるように構成されている。 Thus, the computing unit 30 is configured to be able to adjust the amount of water jetted onto the sieve surface 12 in accordance with the load measurement value.
また、演算器３１による演算処理及び制御は、図４に示すように、まず、ステップＳ１１で、測定器４により測定された、駆動モータ３の負荷が、測定値として演算器３１に入力される。 As shown in FIG. 4, in the calculation process and control by the calculator 31, first, in step S11, the load of the drive motor 3 measured by the measuring instrument 4 is input to the calculator 31 as a measured value. .
そして、ステップＳ１２へ進み、測定値が所定値以下であるかどうかの判断が行われ、所定値以下であれば、ステップＳ１３へ進み、ノズル５ａ、５ｂからの液体の噴射を停止するか、あるいは設定量として有機性廃棄物の粉砕処理が行われる。 Then, the process proceeds to step S12, where it is determined whether or not the measured value is equal to or less than the predetermined value. If the measured value is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S13 and the ejection of the liquid from the nozzles 5a and 5b is stopped, or Organic waste is pulverized as a set amount.
一方、測定値が所定値以上の場合、ステップＳ１４へ進み、ノズル５ａ、５ｂから、篩面１２へ液体を所定量で噴射するか、あるいは、噴射水量を所定量で増加させる。以上の処理を所定間隔で繰り返し、ステップＳ１２での測定値が所定値以下となるように制御することができ、篩面１２の閉塞を防止できる。 On the other hand, when the measured value is equal to or larger than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S14, and the liquid is ejected from the nozzles 5a and 5b to the sieve surface 12 by a predetermined amount, or the amount of water to be sprayed is increased by a predetermined amount. The above processing is repeated at a predetermined interval, and the measurement value in step S12 can be controlled to be equal to or less than the predetermined value, and the clogging of the sieve surface 12 can be prevented.
このように、演算器３１では、負荷が所定値を超えたら、篩面１２への液体の噴射を開始する、あるいは、液体の噴射水量を増加させるように構成されている。 As described above, the computing unit 31 is configured to start ejecting the liquid onto the sieve surface 12 or increase the amount of ejected water when the load exceeds a predetermined value.
次に、この粉砕分別処理装置の運転方法について説明する。
有機性廃棄物を、投入口１０から円筒ドラム１内に投入すると、回転している羽根車２の破袋羽根２２によって、まず包装材などが引き裂かれ、包装材などに詰め込まれた有機性廃棄物が、包装材から取り出される。そして、有機性廃棄物は、粉砕羽根２３によっては粉砕され、また、各粉砕羽根２３の先端部分が有機性廃棄物を篩面１２に押し付ける状態で回転するので、粉砕された有機性廃棄物が、円筒ドラム１の下半部分に形成された篩面１２から篩い落とされる。
Next, an operation method of the pulverization / separation processing apparatus will be described.
When organic waste is introduced into the cylindrical drum 1 from the inlet 10, the packaging material is first torn by the bag breaking blade 22 of the rotating impeller 2, and the organic waste is packed in the packaging material. Objects are removed from the packaging. The organic waste is pulverized by the pulverization blades 23, and the tip portion of each pulverization blade 23 rotates in a state of pressing the organic waste against the sieve surface 12, so that the pulverized organic waste is The sieving surface 12 is formed on the lower half of the cylindrical drum 1.
しかしながら、ご飯や餅などのように、磨り潰したときに糊状の粘性を持つものは、このように有機性廃棄物を篩面１２に押し付ける状態で回転させたとしても、篩面１２から振い落とすことはできず、篩面１２の貫通穴を塞いでしまう。 However, those that have paste-like viscosity when crushed, such as rice and rice cake, are shaken from the sieve surface 12 even if the organic waste is rotated in a state of pressing the sieve surface 12 in this way. It cannot be removed, and the through hole of the sieve surface 12 is blocked.
そこで、篩面１２へ向けてノズル５ａ及び５ｂから液体を噴射することで、篩面１２の貫通穴の閉塞物を除去させるとともに、有機性廃棄物の粘度を希釈して、篩面１２から篩い落とし易くする。 Therefore, the liquid is ejected from the nozzles 5a and 5b toward the sieve surface 12 to remove obstructions from the through holes in the sieve surface 12 and dilute the viscosity of the organic waste. Make it easy to drop.
前述のように、篩面１２が閉塞され、ホッパー１３へ、粉砕した有機性廃棄物を供給できなくなると、円筒ドラム１内に有機性廃棄物の滞留量が多くなるので、羽根車２を駆動させるための駆動モータ３の負荷が大きくなる。しがたって、このノズル５ａ、５ｂからの液体の噴射水量を、駆動機構である駆動モータ３の負荷変動に応じて調整することで、篩面１２への液体の噴射時期及び噴射量を設定できる。 As described above, when the sieve surface 12 is closed and the pulverized organic waste cannot be supplied to the hopper 13, the amount of the organic waste stays in the cylindrical drum 1, so that the impeller 2 is driven. The load of the drive motor 3 for making it increase becomes large. Therefore, by adjusting the amount of water jetted from the nozzles 5a and 5b in accordance with the load fluctuation of the drive motor 3 that is a drive mechanism, it is possible to set the liquid jetting timing and the jetting amount to the sieve surface 12. .
駆動モータ３での負荷値は、測定器４で観測され、測定値が演算器３０（３１）に入力される。そして、演算器３０（３１）においては、入力された測定値に基づき演算処理、制御が行なわれ、ノズル５ａ、５ｂから液体の噴射量を調整して、駆動モータ３の負荷が所定値以下となるように制御する。 The load value at the drive motor 3 is observed by the measuring device 4, and the measured value is input to the computing unit 30 (31). Then, in the calculator 30 (31), calculation processing and control are performed based on the input measurement value, the amount of liquid ejected from the nozzles 5a and 5b is adjusted, and the load of the drive motor 3 is set to a predetermined value or less. Control to be.
そして、円筒ドラム１の最後端部分に取り付けられている送風羽根２４の回転によって生じる風力により、円筒ドラム１内を後端部分まで搬送された包装材などの発酵不適物９が、吹き上げられ、そこに形成されている排出口１１から外部に排出される。よって、装置を止めることなく、分別された発酵不適物９を取り出すことができる。 Then, due to the wind force generated by the rotation of the blower blades 24 attached to the rearmost end portion of the cylindrical drum 1, the unsuitable fermentation material 9 such as the packaging material conveyed through the cylindrical drum 1 to the rear end portion is blown up. It is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 11 formed in. Therefore, the sorted unsuitable fermentation material 9 can be taken out without stopping the apparatus.
篩面１２を通過した粉砕生ゴミペースト４１は、ホッパー１３に一時的に貯蔵され、その後ペースト供給ポンプ４０にて、図示しないスラリー調整槽に配送されて、スラリー化される。そして、スラリー化された有機性廃棄物は、嫌気性微生物を有するメタン発酵処理槽に供給されて、メタン発酵処理に利用される。 The ground garbage paste 41 that has passed through the sieve surface 12 is temporarily stored in the hopper 13, and then delivered to a slurry adjusting tank (not shown) by the paste supply pump 40 to be slurried. And the organic waste made into the slurry is supplied to the methane fermentation processing tank which has an anaerobic microorganism, and is utilized for a methane fermentation process.
このように、本発明によれば、篩面１２に向けて液体を吹きつけることで、篩面１２の貫通穴の閉塞を防止すると共に、粉砕処理している有機性廃棄物の粘度を低下させて、有機性廃棄物の粉砕処理効率を向上できる。 Thus, according to the present invention, the liquid is sprayed toward the sieving surface 12, thereby preventing the through hole of the sieving surface 12 from being blocked and reducing the viscosity of the organic waste being pulverized. Thus, the efficiency of pulverizing organic waste can be improved.
また、液体の噴射水量を、駆動機構である駆動モータ３の負荷の変動に応じて、ノズル５ａ、５ｂからの液体の噴射量を制御するように構成することで、篩面１２が閉塞し始めたタイミングで、液体を噴射させることができ、液体の噴射時期を最適化することができると共に、駆動モータ３の負荷が高くなりすぎないように制御できるので、粉砕処理装置の運転コスト及びメンテナンスコストの低減が図れる。 Further, the sieving surface 12 starts to be blocked by configuring the liquid jet water amount so as to control the liquid jet amount from the nozzles 5a and 5b in accordance with the fluctuation of the load of the drive motor 3 which is a drive mechanism. The liquid can be ejected at the same timing, the liquid ejection timing can be optimized, and the load of the drive motor 3 can be controlled so as not to become too high. Can be reduced.
有機性廃棄物に混入している発酵不適物を、効率よく分別できると共に、ポンプ移送が可能となる程度まで有機性廃棄物を粉砕することができる粉砕処理装置の運転コスト及びメンテナンスコストの低減が図れる。 Reduced operating costs and maintenance costs of pulverization equipment that can efficiently separate unsuitable fermented substances mixed in organic waste and pulverize organic waste to the extent that pumping is possible. I can plan.
１：円筒ドラム
２：羽根車
３：駆動モータ
４：測定器
５ａ、５ｂ：ノズル
８：生ごみ
９：発酵不適物
１０：投入口
１１：排出口
１２：篩面
１３：ホッパー
２１：回転軸
２２：破袋羽根
２３：粉砕羽根
２４：送風羽根
３０、３１：演算器
４０：ペースト供給ポンプ
４１：粉砕生ゴミペースト
1: Cylindrical drum 2: Impeller 3: Drive motor 4: Measuring instrument 5a, 5b: Nozzle 8: Garbage 9: Unsuitable for fermentation 10: Input port 11: Discharge port 12: Sieve surface 13: Hopper 21: Rotating shaft 22 : Bag breaking blade 23: grinding blade 24: blower blade 30, 31: calculator 40: paste supply pump 41: ground garbage paste
Claims (10)
前記円筒ドラムの下側外周部に、前記篩面に向けて液体を吹きつけるためのノズルが設けられていることを特徴とする粉砕分別処理装置。 An impeller having a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades radially attached to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft is arranged in a horizontally placed cylindrical drum, and a sieve surface is formed on the lower outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical drum. In the pulverization and separation processing apparatus,
A pulverization / separation processing apparatus, wherein a nozzle for spraying liquid toward the sieve surface is provided on a lower outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical drum.
前記円筒ドラムの下側外周部に配置されたノズルから液体を噴射して前記篩面の閉塞物を除去することを特徴とする粉砕分別処理装置の運転方法。 An impeller having a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades radially attached to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft is arranged in a horizontally placed cylindrical drum, and a sieve surface is formed on the lower outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical drum. In the operation method of the pulverized fractionation processing apparatus,
A method for operating a pulverization / separation processing apparatus, wherein a liquid is ejected from a nozzle disposed on a lower outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical drum to remove the clogged material on the sieve surface.
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