JP2006254849A - Combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means for controlling the dropping direction of waste dust discharged from a discharging opening of a sucking fan, and dust, waste straw and the like discharged from a threshing part or a selection part, and capable of discharging the waste dust and the like in a dispersed state without discharging the dust and the like in an assembled state. <P>SOLUTION: The combine harvester having the selection part 30 arranged under the threshing part 20, and a sucking fan 40 and a waste straw-treating part 12 arranged behind the threshing part 20 has a partitioning wall 53 provided between the sucking fan 40 and the waste straw-treating part 12, and a waste straw-diffusing guide plate 55 for guiding the waste air from the sucking fan 40, provided on the partitioning wall 53. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for diffusing and discharging dust and the like after being processed by a threshing device and a swing sorting device in a combiner from the back of the swing sorting device.

  A conventional combine harvester harvests cereals with a reaping device placed at the front of the fuselage, threshs the cereals after harvesting with a barrel of the threshing unit, and arranges a sorting unit immediately below the threshing unit. After sorting, the slaughtering part was disposed at the rear of the threshing part to process the scouring.

Then, the waste after being threshed by the threshing unit is transported to the waste processing unit by the waste transporting device, and the waste after threshing is cut into a predetermined length in the waste processing unit or bound. I was trying to discharge it to the rear of the aircraft. Further, dust and the like generated in the threshing unit and the sorting unit are discharged to the outside of the machine body by the action of a suction fan arranged behind the sorting unit (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-14376

However, in the above-described conventional combine, since the discharge port (No. 3 outlet) from the suction fan is located at the rear of the handling cylinder, even if the waste is cut by a cutter or the like and discharged, Since it is discharged on the handling cylinder side, a large amount of waste and dust on the uncut side on the left side in the traveling direction is discharged onto the field.
In this way, if a large amount of waste or dust is discharged on the uncut side, when cutting is performed in the next process, the waste or dust is taken in by the weed plate or the pulling device located on the already cut side. May cause clogging.
Furthermore, when dust is solidified and discharged like a mountain on the uncut side, it may be misunderstood as loss.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides means for controlling the falling direction of dust discharged from the discharge port of the suction fan.

  The problems to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, means for solving the problems will be described.

  That is, in the combine which arrange | positioned the selection part below the threshing part in Claim 1, and arrange | positioned the suction fan and the evacuation processing part behind this threshing part, A partition is provided in between, and a dust exhaust diffusion guide plate for guiding exhaust air from the suction fan is provided on the partition.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the dust discharge diffusion guide plates are provided and inclined toward the trimmed side with respect to the vertical direction.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the lower part of the partition wall provided between the suction fan and the evacuation processing section is bent into a "<" shape when viewed from the side, and the dust diffusing guide plate is fixed to the lower surface opposite to the evacuation cutter. It is a thing.

  As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  Since it comprised like Claim 1, it becomes possible to guide and discharge the dust discharged from the suction fan, the dust discharged from the threshing section, and the sorting section by the dust discharge guide plate. In addition, dust can be dispersed without being solidified and released, and the misunderstanding that there are many third losses can be eliminated. Also, it can prevent floating cocoons when planting crops and the like.

  Since it is configured as in claim 2, it is possible to guide the falling direction of the dust etc. to the already cut side by the dust diffusion guide plate, eliminate the bias of the fall of the dust etc., and evenly disperse and drop it. It can be prevented from being concentrated and discharged to the stock market side, and dust and the like can be prevented from being discharged to the uncut side.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is not necessary to newly provide a member for attaching the dust discharge diffusion guide plate, and maintenance and the like can be facilitated when the discharge cutter is opened.

Next, embodiments of the invention will be described.
1 is a left side view showing the overall configuration of a combine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same, and FIG. 3 is a left side view showing a threshing unit, a sorting unit, and a waste disposal unit. FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway explanatory view showing a suction fan, FIG. 5 is a side view showing an embodiment in which a dust discharge diffusion guide plate according to the present invention is fixed to a discharge guide plate, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a rear view of a combine equipped with the dust discharge diffusion guide plate according to the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a cutter. It is a back perspective view of the state where the device was opened.

First, the whole structure of the combine 1 which concerns on this invention is demonstrated using FIG. 1, FIG.
An airframe frame 3 is placed on the crawler type traveling device 2, and a retractable / reapering portion 4 is disposed at the front end of the airframe frame 3 so as to be movable up and down. The pulling / cutting unit 4 projects the weed plate 5 at the front end to weed the cereal straw, raises the case 6 at the rear and raises the case 6 to rotate the tine 7 protruding from the case 6. A wrinkle is caused, and the root of the cereal is harvested by the cutting blade 8 disposed in the rear portion of the weed board 5.

  The harvested corn straw is conveyed to the rear by the upper conveying device, the lower conveying device, and the vertical conveying device 9, and the stockholder side is inherited by the feed chain 10 from the upper end of the vertical conveying device 9, and the cereal is stored in the threshing unit 20. The kite is transported. A waste transport chain 11 is disposed obliquely rearward from the rear end of the feed chain 10, and a waste processing section 12 including a waste cutter device, a diffusion conveyor, and the like is disposed below the rear portion of the waste transport chain 11. After cutting the waste into pieces, it is released uniformly into the field while spreading, or released without being cut.

  In addition, a grain tank 13 for storing the refined grains after sorting is disposed on the side of the threshing section 20, and a cab 14 is disposed in front of the grain tank 13. On the other hand, a vertical auger 15a of the discharge auger 15 is erected at the rear part of the Glen tank 13, and the discharge auger 15 and the Glen tank 13 can be rotated around the vertical auger 15a, and the Glen tank 13 is rotated to the side. This facilitates maintenance of the drive system and hydraulic system arranged on the inside of the machine.

  A discharge conveyor 16 is disposed at the bottom of the Glen tank 13 in the front-rear direction, and the rear portion of the discharge conveyor 16 communicates with the lower portion of the vertical auger 15a, and power is supplied from the rear portion of the discharge conveyor 16 to the discharge auger 15. Is transmitted so that the grains in the grain tank 13 can be discharged from the tip of the discharge auger 15 to a truck or the like. Further, below the threshing unit 20, a sorting unit 30 is arranged to sort out grains, swarf, and the like falling from the threshing unit 20, and to transport the refined grains to the Glen tank 13 or to remove swarf etc. They are discharged outside the machine.

Next, the threshing unit 20 of the threshing apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.
The handling chamber 21 formed in the threshing unit 20 is provided with a substantially cylindrical handling cylinder 22 that is pivoted in the front-rear direction of the machine body. On the outer peripheral surface of the handling cylinder 22, tooth handling 22a, 22a,. Has been planted. A semicircular receiving net 23 is detachably provided so as to cover the lower periphery of the handling cylinder 22. On the other hand, the feed chain 10 constrains the stock side of the grain straw, while the leading end side of the grain straw is inserted below the handling cylinder 22 and the grain straw is conveyed to the rear of the machine body. At this time, threshing is performed by rotation of the barrel 22 so that grains, sawdust and the like leak from the receiving net 23.

  A processing chamber 25 is formed on the rear side from the rear side of the handling cylinder 22 (the grain tank 13 side, in this embodiment, the right side in the machine body traveling direction), and the processing chamber 25 has a substantially cylindrical shape. It is horizontally mounted and pivotally supported in the front-rear direction on the side of the rear portion of the handling cylinder 22 so that the dust mouth processing cylinder 26 is parallel to the handling cylinder 22. Further, the rear (right) side surface of the handling cylinder case that covers the handling cylinder 22 and forms the handling chamber 21, and the front part (left) of the processing cylinder case that covers the dust-feed port processing cylinder 26 and forms the processing chamber 25. A dust feed port 27 is opened on the side surface, and the handling chamber 21 and the processing chamber 25 are communicated. A semicircular processing cylinder network 28 is provided so as to cover the lower periphery of the dust supply port processing cylinder 26. In this way, unprocessed materials such as shoots adhering grains that could not be processed by the handling cylinder 22 are transferred to the processing chamber 25 through the dust delivery port 27 and processed, and holes (mesh) provided in the processing cylinder network 28 are processed. Only the processed material leaks through.

  Below the processing cylinder 28, a dust feeding / conveying conveyor 29 is pivoted in the front-rear direction. The dust feeding conveyor 29 is a screw type conveyor, and the processed material leaked through the holes (mesh) provided in the processing cylinder network 28 by the dust feeding conveyor 29 is forward of the machine body (that is, The dust feeding port processing cylinder 26 is transported in a direction opposite to the transport direction of the dust feeding port processing cylinder 26, and is reintroduced into the sorting unit 30 from the dust discharging port 29 a provided at the front end of the dust feeding conveyor 29.

Then, the selection part 30 of a threshing apparatus is demonstrated using FIG.
In the sorting unit 30, swing sorting by the swing sorting device 31 and wind sorting by the Kara 32 are performed, and the sorting is performed into the first thing, the second thing, the sawdust, and the like.

  The swing sorting device 31 is housed in the machine casing 33. The front end portion of the swing sorting device 31 extends below the front end portion of the handling cylinder 22, and the rear end portion of the swing sorting device 31 swings so as to extend below the rear end portion of the dust feeding port processing drum 26. The front-rear length of the moving sorting device 31 is determined. A swing shaft (not shown) is provided at the front lower portion of the swing sorting device 31, and a swing drive mechanism 34 is provided at the rear. The swing sorting device 31 is attached to the machine frame 33 by the swing drive mechanism 34. It is comprised so that it may rock | fluctuate with respect to it.

  A front cereal plate 35 is provided at the front of the swing sorting device 31, and a wake cereal plate 36 is provided below the front cereal plate 35. The front and rear flow cereal plates 35 and 36 are formed by corrugating plate-like members, and the processed product (mixture with grains and sawdust, etc.) that has passed through the receiving net 23 is the front and rear flow cereal plates 35. It falls onto 36 and is conveyed to the rear of the machine body by the swing of the swing sorting device 31. A sieving device 50 is provided behind the front cereal plate 35, and a net-like grain sheave 37, which is a second selection unit, is continuously provided at the rear part of the rear cereal plate 36. Above the plate 36 and behind the sieving device, a chaff sheave 38 serving as a first sorting unit is mounted. A Strollac 39 is disposed behind the chaff sheave 38.

  The opening degree of the chaff sheave 38 can be adjusted according to the amount of the processed material put into the swing sorting device 31, and the grains and fine swarf fall down through the chaff sheave 38, Swarf and the like larger than the opening of the chaff sheave 38 are conveyed rearward. At this time, the sorting wind is generated from the front of the sorting unit 30 to the back by the Kara 32 between the chaff sheave 38 and the Glen sheave 37, and a part of the fine swarf is blown back and separated from the grain. .

  In addition, a tang 32 is disposed below the front cereal plate 35 and below the front cereal plate 36 in the swing sorting device 31 so as to blow the sorting air to the chaff sheave 38 and the grain sheave 37. Further, a second fan 43, which is a sub-feed fan, is also provided between the first conveyor 41 and the second conveyor 42 so as to blow the sorting wind, and the wind at the rear of the sorting section 30 where the wind of the sorting wind by the tang 32 is weakened. The sorting performance by sorting is prevented from deteriorating.

  In addition, a suction fan 40 is installed in the vicinity of the rear end portion of the swing sorting device 31 to collect dust or the like generated during threshing on the flow of the sorting wind supplied from the tang 32 and the second fan 43. The air is sucked by the suction fan 40 and discharged outside the apparatus.

  Further, the first conveyor 41 and the second conveyor 42 are laterally arranged in the left-right direction at the front-rear halfway position below the swing sorting device 31. The positional relationship between the first conveyor 41 and the second conveyor 42 is such that the first conveyor 41 is closer to the tang 32 (front part of the machine frame 33) and the second conveyor 42 is farther from the tang 32 (rear part of the machine frame 33). )

  The right end of the first conveyor 41 is connected to a whipping conveyor 44 provided such that its longitudinal direction (conveying direction) is substantially vertical, and the upper end of the whipping conveyor 44 communicates with the inside of the glen tank 13. ing.

  In such a configuration, a mixture of grains, branch crop adhered grains, immature grains, fine swarf, etc., that has been introduced into the sorting unit 30 and leaked onto the front-flow grain board 35 of the swing sorting device 31 A part of fine swarf is blown away backward by the air flow from the front to the rear of the sorting unit 30 generated by the tang 32 in the process of being leaked onto the chaff sheave 38. Mixtures such as grains leaked on the chaff sheave 38, branch sticky grains, immature grains and fine swarf are conveyed backward by the rocking of the rocking sorter 31. At this time, the grains, immature grains Grains, branch sticking grains, fine swarf, etc. fall below the opening of the chaff sheave 38, and large swarf is conveyed to the rear of the chaff sheave 38 and is discharged out of the machine through the stroller 39.

  Kernels, immature kernels, shoots adhering grains, fine shavings, and the like that have dropped from the opening of the chaff sheave 38 leak onto the downstream cereal plate 36 and the Glen sieve 37. At this time, a part of the fine swarf is blown backward and separated by the sorting wind from the tang 32.

  Of the grains, immature grains, shoots adhering grains, fine swarf, etc. that have leaked onto the grain sieve 37, the cereal grains, immature grain, fine swarf, etc. leak through the grain sieve 37 and fall downward. . At this time, the heaviest grain (the first) is collected in the first collecting unit 46 (the bottom of the sorting unit 30 provided behind the drifting grain plate 45 and containing the first conveyor 41). Then, it is conveyed from the first conveyor 41 to the Glen tank 13 through the cereal conveyor 44.

  On the other hand, unprocessed grains mixed with a small weight of immature grains, a part of fine swarf, ear-cut grains, grains, etc. are blown backward by the sorting wind from the Karatsu 32, and the second recovery unit 47 (one The second collecting conveyor 42 is housed in the depression on the bottom surface of the sorting unit 30 provided behind the number collecting unit 46, and passes through the second reducing conveyor 48 from the second conveyor 42 to the branch belly processing cylinder. 49, and after the branch stem is removed by the branch-pipe processing barrel 49, it is re-introduced on the front-flow cereal board 35 (or on the chaff sheave 38).

Next, the rejection processing unit 12 will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 3, the waste disposal unit 12 is provided with a suction fan 40 at a position immediately behind the threshing unit 20 (handle cylinder 22) and at a rear upper position of the sorting unit 30, and immediately after the suction fan 40. An evacuation cutter 52 is disposed in this direction.
In addition, the waste cutter 52 is composed of a large-diameter cutter blade 52A and a small-diameter cutter blade 52B, and a partition wall 53 is provided between the waste cutter 52 and the suction fan 40 as shown in FIG. It is partitioned in the front / rear / up / down direction. The partition wall 53 also serves as a front cover for the waste cutter 52. The lower part of the partition wall 53 is formed in a “<” shape when viewed from the side, and is bent toward the rejection cutter 52 side to form a guide part 53a. The bent position is the rear end portion of the discharge port 40a of the suction fan 40, and a guide portion 53a is formed on the extension of the upper cover of the suction fan 40. The partition wall 53 has a lower end extending to the discharge port 40a. The upper cover of the suction fan 40 can be configured to extend rearward and downward as it is.
Thus, the waste cut by the waste cutter 52 falls to the rear lower side of the machine body along the guide portion 53a and the dust diffusion guide plate 55 described later, and the dust discharged from the discharge port 40a of the suction fan 40 , Such as sawdust generated after threshing by the handling cylinder 22, dust and sawdust after being sorted by the rocking sorter 31, branch bellflower and sawdust after being processed by the dust inlet processing cylinder 26, etc. In the front surface of the front cover of the rejecting cutter 52, it is guided along the guide portion 53a so as to be discharged to the trimmed side behind the machine body (see FIG. 8).

Next, the dust exhaust diffusion guide plate 55 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the following description, the direction of arrow A shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 is defined as “the discharge port 40a side” of the dust diffusion guide plate 55 and the opposite direction is “the field side” for convenience.

As shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 7, or FIG. 8, a plurality of dust discharge diffusion guide plates 55 according to the present invention are provided on the lower surface of the guide portion 53 a located immediately behind the suction fan 40 on the opposite side to the discharge cutter 52. In this embodiment, three) are fixed. In other words, the dust exhaust diffusion guide plate 55 is fixed along the exhaust path so as to fall rearward (exit side) on the exhaust path side by the suction fan 40. Specifically, the dust diffusion guide plate 55 is made of a metal plate or the like, and the plate body is bent in an inverted L shape in the rear view, and a fixing portion 55A which is a horizontal plate and a wind direction plate which is a vertical plate. It consists of a part 55B. The fixing portion 55A is provided with a plurality of fixing holes (two in this embodiment) so as to be fixed to the guide portion 53a, and mounting holes are also provided in the guide portion 53a so as to be fixed. The structure is such that the dust diffusion guide plate 55 is fixedly supported by the guide portion 53a by screwing a fastening member such as a bolt 56 or a screw into the hole and the mounting hole (see FIG. 6). However, one of the mounting holes of the guide portion 53a may be formed as a long hole with the other as the center so that the angle of the dust diffusion guide plate 55 in the left-right direction can be fixed so as to be adjustable. .
Thus, the dust discharge diffusion guide plate 55 is attached to the guide portion 53a from below, and when the waste cutter 52 is opened rearward for maintenance or the like, the partition wall 53 is also rotated rearward and opened. Further, the dust diffusion guide plate 55 can be cleaned, replaced, and maintenance such as angle adjustment can be easily performed (see FIG. 8).

Next, the wind direction plate portion 55B of the dust discharge diffusion guide plate 55 perpendicular to the guide portion 53a or the fixed portion 55A of the dust discharge diffusion guide plate 55 will be described with reference to FIG. However, in the present embodiment, the wind direction plate portion 55B is disposed perpendicular to the fixed portion 55A, but it may be inclined at an obtuse angle or an acute angle depending on the shape of the exhaust passage.
The wind direction plate portion 55B of the dust discharge diffusion guide plate 55 is integrally formed in the order of a right triangle portion 55Ba, a rectangular portion 55Bb, and a trapezoidal portion 55Bc from the discharge port 40a side.

The right triangle portion 55Ba of the wind direction plate portion 55B of the dust discharge diffusion guide plate 55 is arranged with the oblique side facing the discharge port 40a so that the dust discharge flows smoothly downward so that no soot is caught. It is composed. However, the hypotenuse can be a curved line.
The rectangular portion 55Bb is sized to have an area that can guide exhaust air.
The trapezoidal portion 55Bc is formed in a substantially trapezoidal shape and is arranged further rearward than the rear end of the fixed portion 55A, and has a shape that prevents catching and the like by providing oblique sides above and below the rear end of the trapezoidal portion 55Bc.

  The dust discharge diffusion guide plate 55 is fixed to the guide portion 53a as described above, and the dust discharge diffusion guide plate 55 according to the present invention is provided with a fixed angle with respect to the vertical direction in the rear view. Is fixed. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the dust diffusion guide plate 55 is tilted by a certain angle θ in the lateral direction on the left and right center side of the machine body with respect to the discharge direction of the dust discharged from the discharge port 40a. It is fixed to the portion 53a, and a plurality of dust exhaust diffusion guide plates 55 are fixed adjacently in the lateral direction on the guide portion 53a with substantially the same inclination. In the present embodiment, three dust discharge diffusion guide plates 55 are arranged in parallel by being inclined about 30 degrees to the already cut side (tip side) with respect to the vertical direction (see FIG. 7). However, it is also possible to make the discharge amount substantially uniform by fixing the angles of the dust discharge diffusion guide plates 55, 55, 55 to different angles in consideration of the discharge amount and discharge position of the dust. .

  By comprising as mentioned above, it discharges | emits from the dust discharged from the discharge port 40a, the threshing part 20, and the selection part 30 with the inclined surface by the side of the discharge port 40a (right-angle triangle part 55Ba) of the wind direction board part 55B. Dust, soot and the like are guided and dropped without being caught by the dust diffusion guide plate 55, and the dust is diffused by the dust diffusion guide plate 55 which is fixed at an angle to the guide portion 53a. As a result, the dust fall etc. is dispersed and guided to the already cut side without falling to the uncut side, eliminating the bias of the fall of dust etc. and evenly distributed. By letting it fall, the discharge from No. 3 can be made inconspicuous. Moreover, not only dust but also cuttings are guided and discharged uniformly by the sorting air sent from Karatsu.

  Further, the shape of the dust exhaust diffusion guide plate 55 is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, the wind direction plate portion 55B is provided only on one side surface of the fixed portion 55A of the dust exhaust diffusion guide plate 55, but the wind direction plate portion 55B may be provided on both side surfaces of the fixed portion 55A. In the present embodiment, a plurality of dust exhaust diffusion guide plates 55 are continuously provided. However, a configuration in which a plurality of wind direction plate portions 55B are continuously provided on one fixing portion 55A of the dust exhaust diffusion guide plate 55 may be employed. .

The left view which showed the whole structure of the combine which concerns on one Example of this invention. Similarly the whole top view. The left side schematic diagram which shows a threshing part, a selection part, and a waste process part. FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway explanatory view showing a suction fan. The side view which shows the Example which fixedly attached the dust-diffusion diffusion guide plate which concerns on this invention to the waste guide plate. The top view which looked at the Example which fixed the dust-diffusion spreading | diffusion guide plate which concerns on this invention to the evacuation guide plate from the airframe inner side. The rear view of the combine which comprised the dust dispersion | distribution guide plate which concerns on this invention. The rear perspective view of the state which opened the cutter apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

40 Suction fan 40a Discharge port 53a Guide part 55 Dust exhaust diffusion guide plate 56 Bolt

Claims (3)

  In the combine which arrange | positions the selection part below the threshing part and arrange | positioned the suction fan and the waste disposal part at the back of this threshing part, a partition is provided between the said suction fan and the waste disposal part, and this partition A combine is provided with a dust diffusion guide plate for guiding exhaust air from the suction fan.   The combine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the dust discharge diffusion guide plates are provided and are inclined to the trimmed side with respect to the vertical direction.   The lower part of the partition wall provided between the suction fan and the waste disposal unit is bent in a "<" shape when viewed from the side, and the dust diffusion guide plate is fixed to the lower surface opposite to the waste cutter. The combine according to claim 1 or claim 2.

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