JP2006225767A - Polylactic acid multifilament having modified cross section - Google Patents

Polylactic acid multifilament having modified cross section Download PDF

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JP2006225767A
JP2006225767A JP2005037091A JP2005037091A JP2006225767A JP 2006225767 A JP2006225767 A JP 2006225767A JP 2005037091 A JP2005037091 A JP 2005037091A JP 2005037091 A JP2005037091 A JP 2005037091A JP 2006225767 A JP2006225767 A JP 2006225767A
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polylactic acid
cross
multifilament
sectional shape
circle
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Takashi Hashimoto
隆司 橋本
Hiroshi Ishida
央 石田
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Nippon Ester Co Ltd
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Nippon Ester Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a polylactic acid multifilament having a modified cross section that is produced in excellent yarn manufacturing properties and yet provides a fabric having excellent softness and wiping performance in spite of being an extra fine filament made by direct spinning from a polylactic acid. <P>SOLUTION: The polylactic acid multifilament having a modified cross section is a monofilament obtained by direct spinning from a polylactic acid, has 0.1-1.0 dtex single filament fineness, exhibits a multifoliate crosssectional shape when a single filament is cut vertically in the length direction of the filament and has 1.3-5.0 modification degree. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、単糸繊度が小さく、単糸の横断面形状が多葉断面形状を呈しているポリ乳酸マルチフィラメントであって、製糸性よく得ることが可能であり、製編織すると、拭き取り性能に優れた布帛を得ることができる、ポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメントに関するものである。   The present invention is a polylactic acid multifilament in which the single yarn fineness is small and the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn has a multi-leafed cross-sectional shape, and can be obtained with good yarn-making properties. The present invention relates to a polylactic acid modified cross-section multifilament capable of obtaining an excellent fabric.

ポリエステル繊維は、力学的性質、熱安定性、ウォッシャブル性等に優れており、衣料用、産業資材用、インテリア用等極めて広い分野に使用されている。   Polyester fibers are excellent in mechanical properties, thermal stability, washability and the like, and are used in a very wide range of fields such as clothing, industrial materials, and interiors.

しかし、このようなポリエステル繊維を含め、ポリオレフィン、ポリアミド等の合成繊維は、使用した後自然界に放置されても分解され難く、地球環境の保護の面からさまざまな問題を生じている。例えば、これらの生活衣料品等は分解され難いため、使用後に一部はリサイクルされるが、その大半は焼却等の処理が必要となるため、その廃棄に制限があった。このような問題を解決するために、土中や水中で分解される布帛を用いることが考えられてきたが、未だ十分なものは得られていない。   However, synthetic fibers such as polyolefins and polyamides, including such polyester fibers, are difficult to be decomposed even after being used in the natural world, causing various problems from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment. For example, these daily apparel are difficult to disassemble and are partly recycled after use, but most of them require treatment such as incineration, so that their disposal is limited. In order to solve such a problem, it has been considered to use a fabric that can be decomposed in soil or water, but a sufficient fabric has not yet been obtained.

従来の生分解性ポリマーとしては、セルロース、セルロース誘導体、キチン、キトサン等の多糖類、タンパク質、ポリ3-ヒドロキシブチレートや3-ヒドロキシブチレートと3-ヒドロキシバリレートの共重合体等の微生物により作られるポリマー、ポリグリコリド、ポリ乳酸、ポリカプロラクトン等の脂肪族ポリエステルが知られている。   Conventional biodegradable polymers include cellulose, cellulose derivatives, polysaccharides such as chitin and chitosan, proteins, poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) and microorganisms such as 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate copolymers. Polymers to be made, aliphatic polyesters such as polyglycolide, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone and the like are known.

これらの中で、主に使用されているセルロース系のコットン、再生セルロースは安価であるが、熱可塑性でないため用途が限定されている。また、微生物により作られるポリ3-ヒドロキシブチレート、3-ヒドロキシブチレートと3-ヒドロキシバリレートの共重合体等は、高価であり汎用に向いておらず、また強度が低いという問題があった。さらに、ポリカプロラクトンやポリブチレンサクシネートは、溶融紡糸可能な熱可塑性の生分解性ポリマーであるが、融点が低く、耐熱性が劣るという問題があった。   Among these, cellulose-based cotton and regenerated cellulose that are mainly used are inexpensive, but their use is limited because they are not thermoplastic. In addition, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, a copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate produced by microorganisms is expensive, unsuitable for general use, and has a problem of low strength. . Furthermore, polycaprolactone and polybutylene succinate are thermoplastic biodegradable polymers that can be melt-spun, but have a problem of low melting point and poor heat resistance.

このような中で、熱可塑性樹脂であるポリ乳酸は、溶融紡糸が容易であるため、産業資材をはじめ、一般衣料用途にも用いられている。   Under such circumstances, polylactic acid, which is a thermoplastic resin, is easily used for melt spinning, and is therefore used for general clothing applications including industrial materials.

そして、ポリ乳酸フィラメントを用いた織物は、同単糸繊度のポリエステルフィラメント、例えば主にポリエチレンテレフタレート(以下、PETという)からなるポリエステルフィラメントを用いた織物より拭き取り性能が優れているという特徴を有している。   And the woven fabric using the polylactic acid filament has the characteristic that the wiping performance is superior to the woven fabric using the polyester filament of the same single yarn fineness, for example, a polyester filament mainly made of polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as PET). ing.

これは、ポリ乳酸の摩擦係数が主にPETからなるポリエステルより高いためである。そして、拭き取り性能の高い織編物とするためには、単糸繊度が0.1dtex程度の超極細マルチフィラメントを使用することが好ましく、このような単糸繊度の小さいポリ乳酸繊維も種々提案されている。   This is because the friction coefficient of polylactic acid is higher than that of polyester mainly composed of PET. In order to obtain a woven or knitted fabric with high wiping performance, it is preferable to use a super fine multifilament having a single yarn fineness of about 0.1 dtex, and various polylactic acid fibers having such a small single yarn fineness have been proposed. .

例えば、特許文献1には、単糸繊度を0.5dtex以下としたポリ乳酸繊維が提案されている。しかしながら、このポリ乳酸繊維は異ポリマーとの複合紡糸により複合繊維を得、その後、異ポリマーとポリ乳酸を分割、または異ポリマーを溶解させることにより極細ポリ乳酸繊維を得るものである。このため、コスト的に不利であり、また溶解後の異ポリマーが環境に悪影響を与えるという問題点があった。   For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a polylactic acid fiber having a single yarn fineness of 0.5 dtex or less. However, this polylactic acid fiber is obtained by obtaining a composite fiber by complex spinning with a different polymer, and then dividing the different polymer and polylactic acid or dissolving the different polymer to obtain an ultrafine polylactic acid fiber. For this reason, there is a disadvantage in terms of cost, and there is a problem that the different polymer after dissolution has an adverse effect on the environment.

また、特許文献2には、熱水溶解性ポリマーを海成分に、脂肪族ポリエステルを芯成分とする複合繊維を得、その後、海成分を熱水溶解することにより得られた極細ポリ乳酸繊維が記載されている。この繊維においても特許文献1と同じようにコスト的に不利であり、溶解成分が環境に悪影響を与えるという問題点があり、さらには、脂肪族ポリエステルが熱水に晒されるため、物性が低下し、風合いも悪化するという問題点があった。   Patent Document 2 discloses an ultrafine polylactic acid fiber obtained by obtaining a composite fiber having a hot water-soluble polymer as a sea component and an aliphatic polyester as a core component, and then dissolving the sea component in hot water. Are listed. This fiber is also disadvantageous in cost as in Patent Document 1, and there is a problem that the dissolved component adversely affects the environment. Furthermore, since the aliphatic polyester is exposed to hot water, the physical properties are lowered. There was a problem that the texture also deteriorated.

そこで、特許文献3には、脂肪族ポリエステルとしてポリ乳酸を直接紡糸することによって得られた単糸繊度0.1〜1dtexの極細繊維が記載されている。しかしながら、ポリ乳酸を直接紡糸することにより極細繊維を得ようとすると、製糸操業性が非常に悪いことが分かっており、特許文献3においても、製糸性の評価は2時間紡糸した時の切れ糸回数が3回までであったものを合格としており、このことからも製糸性の悪さが明らかである。
特開2001-192932号公報 特開2000-226734号公報 特開2000-220032号公報
Therefore, Patent Document 3 describes an ultrafine fiber having a single yarn fineness of 0.1 to 1 dtex obtained by directly spinning polylactic acid as an aliphatic polyester. However, it has been found that when an ultrafine fiber is obtained by directly spinning polylactic acid, the spinning manipulability is very poor, and in Patent Document 3, the evaluation of the spinning property is a cut yarn when spinning for 2 hours. What passed up to 3 times is accepted, and this also reveals that the yarn-making ability is bad.
JP 2001-192932 A JP 2000-226734 A JP 2000-220032 JP

本発明は、ポリ乳酸を直接紡糸することにより得られる極細繊維でありながら、製糸性よく得ることができ、かつ、ソフト性、拭き取り性能に優れた布帛を得ることができるポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメントを提供することを技術的な課題とするものである。   INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a polylactic acid modified cross-section multifilament that is capable of obtaining a fabric excellent in softness and wiping performance while being an ultrafine fiber obtained by directly spinning polylactic acid. It is a technical challenge to provide

本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために検討した結果、ポリ乳酸マルチフィラメントの単糸の断面形状を特定の形状にすることによって、製糸操業性が著しく向上し、さらには、得られた繊維からなる布帛はソフト性、拭き取り性能に優れたものとなることを見出し、本発明に到達した。   As a result of investigations to solve the above problems, the inventors of the present invention have significantly improved the yarn operability by making the cross-sectional shape of a single yarn of polylactic acid multifilament into a specific shape, and further obtained. The present inventors have found that a fabric made of fibers is excellent in softness and wiping performance, and reached the present invention.

すなわち、本発明は、ポリ乳酸を直接紡糸することによって得られたマルチフィラメントであって、単糸繊度が0.1〜1.0dtexであり、単糸を繊維の長手方向に対して垂直に切断した断面形状が多葉断面形状を呈しており、かつ異形度が1.3〜5.0であることを特徴とするポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメントを要旨とするものである。
ただし、異形度とは、多葉断面形状における外接円の直径Rと内接円の直径rの比(R/r)をいい、多葉断面形状において、形状の外部の点に接し(外接し)て描ける円のうち、最も多くの点に外接して描ける円であって、最も直径の小さい円を外接円とし、形状の内部に3点以上接し(内接し)て描ける円のうち、最も直径の大きい円を内接円という。
That is, the present invention is a multifilament obtained by directly spinning polylactic acid, the single yarn fineness is 0.1 to 1.0 dtex, and the cross-sectional shape obtained by cutting the single yarn perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fiber Presents a polylactic acid deformed cross-section multifilament characterized by having a multilobal cross-sectional shape and an irregularity of 1.3 to 5.0.
However, the irregularity means the ratio (R / r) of the diameter R of the circumscribed circle to the diameter r of the inscribed circle in the multilobal cross-sectional shape, and is in contact with the external point of the shape (circumscribed) ) The circle that can be drawn by circumscribing the largest number of points, the circle with the smallest diameter as the circumscribed circle, and the circle that can be drawn by touching (inscribed) three or more points inside the shape A circle with a large diameter is called an inscribed circle.

本発明のポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメントは、単糸繊度が小さく、かつ単糸の断面形状が多葉断面形状を呈しており、異形度も適切な範囲のものであるため、ポリ乳酸を直接紡糸する方法でも操業性よく得ることができる。さらには、汚れをかき取ったり、保持することができ、高密度でソフト性に優れた織編物を得ることができるので、拭き取り性能に優れたワイピングクロスを得ることが可能である。   The polylactic acid modified cross-section multifilament of the present invention has a small single yarn fineness, and the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn exhibits a multi-leafed cross-sectional shape. It is possible to obtain good operability even by the method to do. Furthermore, dirt can be scraped off and retained, and a woven or knitted fabric with high density and excellent softness can be obtained, so that a wiping cloth excellent in wiping performance can be obtained.

以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
まず、ポリ乳酸を直接紡糸することによって得られたマルチフィラメントとは、ポリ乳酸を他のポリマーと複合繊維とし、複合繊維中から他のポリマーを分割や溶融により除去してポリ乳酸のみからなる繊維を得るものではなく、ポリ乳酸のみを溶融紡糸、延伸することにより得られるマルチフィラメントをいう。本発明のマルチフィラメントは、ポリ乳酸を溶融紡糸した後、一旦巻き取ることなく延伸を行う一工程法で得られたマルチフィラメントであっても、ポリ乳酸を溶融紡糸した後、一旦巻取ったもの(未延伸糸やPOY糸等)に延伸を行う二工程法で得られたマルチフィラメントであってもよい。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
First, the multifilament obtained by directly spinning polylactic acid is a fiber made of only polylactic acid by making polylactic acid into a composite fiber with another polymer and then removing the other polymer from the composite fiber by splitting or melting. Is a multifilament obtained by melt spinning and stretching only polylactic acid. The multifilament of the present invention is a multifilament obtained by melt spinning of polylactic acid and then winding it once after melt spinning of polylactic acid, even if it is a multifilament obtained by a one-step method of drawing without winding once It may be a multifilament obtained by a two-step method of drawing (undrawn yarn, POY yarn, etc.).

本発明のマルチフィラメントを構成するポリ乳酸とは、ポリ乳酸及び/又はポリ乳酸を主体とする共重合物をいう。ポリ乳酸は、D体のみ、L体のみ、D体とL体の混合物のいずれでもよい。ポリ乳酸を主体とする共重合物としては、ポリ乳酸(D体のみ、L体のみ、D体とL体の混合物のいずれでもよい。)と、ε−カプロラクトン等の環状ラクトン類、α−ヒドロキシ酪酸、α−ヒドロキシイソ酪酸、α−ヒドロキシ青草酸等のα−オキシ酸類、エチレングリコール、1,4−ブタンジオール等のグリコール類、コハク酸、セバシン酸等のジカルボン酸類から選ばれるモノマーの一種又は二種以上とを共重合したものが挙げられる。共重合の割合としては、ポリ乳酸 100質量部に対して、共重合させるモノマーは10質量部以下が好ましく、5質量部以下がより好ましい。   The polylactic acid constituting the multifilament of the present invention refers to a copolymer mainly composed of polylactic acid and / or polylactic acid. The polylactic acid may be only D-form, only L-form, or a mixture of D-form and L-form. As a copolymer mainly composed of polylactic acid, polylactic acid (D-form only, L-form alone, or a mixture of D-form and L-form), cyclic lactones such as ε-caprolactone, α-hydroxy, etc. One or more monomers selected from butyric acid, α-hydroxyisobutyric acid, α-oxyacids such as α-hydroxycyanovaleric acid, glycols such as ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol, and dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid and sebacic acid What copolymerized 2 or more types is mentioned. The proportion of copolymerization is preferably 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 5 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of polylactic acid.

また、本発明のポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメントは、その効果を損なわない範囲であれば、各種顔料、染料、着色剤、撥水剤、吸水剤、難燃剤、安定剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、金属粒子、無機化合物粒子、結晶核剤、滑剤、可塑剤、抗菌剤、香料その他の添加剤を使用用途に応じて添加したものであってもよい。   In addition, the polylactic acid modified cross-section multifilament of the present invention has various pigments, dyes, colorants, water repellents, water absorbents, flame retardants, stabilizers, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers as long as the effect is not impaired. Agents, metal particles, inorganic compound particles, crystal nucleating agents, lubricants, plasticizers, antibacterial agents, fragrances and other additives may be added according to the intended use.

本発明のポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメントは、単糸繊度を0.1〜1.0dtexとすることが必要である。単糸繊度を0.1〜1.0dtexとすることにより、製編織等した布帛にソフト性と優れた拭き取り性能を付与することができる。つまり、得られる布帛は単糸繊度の小さい繊維を使用していることから、繊維密度の高いものとなるが、剛直な布帛とはならず、ソフト性に優れた布帛となるため、拭き取り性能に優れたものとなる。   The polylactic acid modified cross-section multifilament of the present invention needs to have a single yarn fineness of 0.1 to 1.0 dtex. By setting the single yarn fineness to 0.1 to 1.0 dtex, it is possible to impart softness and excellent wiping performance to a fabric that has been knitted or woven. In other words, since the obtained fabric uses fibers with a small single yarn fineness, it has a high fiber density, but it does not become a rigid fabric but a fabric with excellent softness. It will be excellent.

単糸繊度が1.0dtexを超えると、得られる布帛はソフト性と拭き取り性能に乏しいものとなり、単糸繊度が0.1dtex未満となると、紡糸、延伸工程での操業性が悪化するため好ましくない。   If the single yarn fineness exceeds 1.0 dtex, the resulting fabric will be poor in softness and wiping performance, and if the single yarn fineness is less than 0.1 dtex, the operability in the spinning and drawing process will be unfavorable.

さらに、本発明のポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメントは、単糸を繊維の長手方向に対して垂直に切断した断面形状が多葉断面形状を呈しており、異形度を1.3〜5.0とすることが必要である。   Furthermore, in the polylactic acid irregular cross-section multifilament of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape obtained by cutting a single yarn perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the fiber has a multi-leaf cross-sectional shape, and the degree of irregularity needs to be 1.3 to 5.0 It is.

単糸の断面形状を多葉断面形状とすることによって、紡糸、延伸、巻取等の工程における各種のローラやガイド類に接触する繊維の表面積が減少し、摩擦抵抗が減少するので、糸切れが生じにくくなり、操業性を向上させることが可能となる。   By making the cross-sectional shape of a single yarn into a multi-leaf cross-sectional shape, the surface area of the fibers that come into contact with various rollers and guides in the spinning, drawing, winding, etc. processes is reduced, and the frictional resistance is reduced. Is less likely to occur, and operability can be improved.

さらには、多葉断面形状を呈していることにより、単糸の表面に凹凸があることから各単糸が汚れを保持する能力を有しているとともに、屈曲性にも優れているため、汚れをかき取る能力にも優れたマルチフィラメントとなり、拭き取り性能に優れた布帛を得ることが可能となる。   Furthermore, since the surface of the single yarn has irregularities due to the multi-leaf cross-sectional shape, each single yarn has the ability to retain dirt, and also has excellent flexibility, It becomes a multifilament excellent also in the ability to scrape off, and it becomes possible to obtain a fabric excellent in wiping performance.

つまり、本発明のマルチフィラメントは、ポリ乳酸からなるものであるため、PETに比べて拭き取り性能に優れた織編物を得ることができるとともに、単糸繊度を0.1〜1.0dtexとすることにより、高密度でかつソフト性にも優れた布帛を得ることができる。さらには、単糸の断面形状を多葉断面形状とし、かつ異形度を特定のものとすることにより、汚れを保持する能力とかき取る能力に優れるため、特に拭き取り性能に優れた織編物を得ることが可能となるものである。   That is, since the multifilament of the present invention is made of polylactic acid, it is possible to obtain a woven or knitted fabric excellent in wiping performance as compared with PET, and by setting the single yarn fineness to 0.1 to 1.0 dtex, A fabric having a high density and excellent softness can be obtained. Furthermore, by making the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn into a multi-leaf cross-sectional shape and having a specific degree of irregularity, the ability to retain dirt and the ability to scrape are excellent, so that a woven or knitted fabric particularly excellent in wiping performance is obtained. Is possible.

次に、本発明のポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメントの単糸の断面形状について図面を用いて説明する。図1は、三葉断面形状の一実施態様を示す断面模式図であり、図2は、六葉断面形状の一実施態様を示す断面模式図である。   Next, the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn of the polylactic acid irregular cross-section multifilament of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a three-leaf cross-sectional shape, and FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a six-leaf cross-sectional shape.

本発明における異形度とは、多葉断面形状における外接円の直径Rと内接円の直径rの比(R/r)をいい、多葉断面形状において、形状の外部の点に接し(外接し)て描ける円のうち、最も多くの点に外接して描ける円であって、最も直径の小さい円を外接円とし、形状の内部に3点以上接し(内接し)て描ける円のうち、最も直径の大きい円を内接円という。   The irregularity in the present invention refers to the ratio (R / r) of the diameter R of the circumscribed circle to the diameter r of the inscribed circle in the multilobal cross-sectional shape, and is in contact with a point outside the shape (circumscribed) The circle that can be drawn by circumscribing the most points among the circles that can be drawn, the circle with the smallest diameter as the circumscribed circle, and the circle that can be drawn by touching (inscribed) three or more points inside the shape, The circle with the largest diameter is called the inscribed circle.

そして、マルチフィラメントを構成する単糸を任意に20本取り出し、これらの単糸を繊維の長手方向に対して垂直に切断した断面形状を電子顕微鏡にて観察し、これらについて異形度を測定する。そしてこれらの異形度の平均値(n=20)をとるものとする。   Then, 20 single yarns constituting the multifilament are arbitrarily taken out, a cross-sectional shape obtained by cutting these single yarns perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the fibers is observed with an electron microscope, and the degree of irregularity is measured. An average value (n = 20) of these irregularities is taken.

異形度は中でも1.5〜3.0とすることが好ましい。異形度が1.3未満であると、単糸の断面形状が丸断面形状に近いものとなり、ローラやガイド類に接触する面積が大きくなり、操業性が低下するばかりでなく、汚れを保持する能力及び汚れをかき取る能力ともに乏しいものとなり、得られる布帛の拭き取り性能も劣ったものとなる。異形度が5.0を超えると、多葉断面形状がいびつな形状のものとなるため、紡糸時や延伸時に形状が潰れてしまったり、葉部が分離する等のトラブルが生じ、操業性が悪化して好ましくない。   Of these, the degree of profile is preferably 1.5 to 3.0. If the degree of irregularity is less than 1.3, the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn will be close to a round cross-sectional shape, the area in contact with the rollers and guides will increase, and not only will the operability decrease, but also the ability to retain dirt and The ability to wipe off dirt is poor, and the resulting cloth has poor wiping performance. If the degree of irregularity exceeds 5.0, the cross-sectional shape of the multi-leaf becomes distorted, causing problems such as collapse of the shape during spinning or drawing, separation of the leaf part, and deterioration in operability. It is not preferable.

本発明においては、上記のような汚れの保持能力、かき取り能力、操業性ともに優れたものとして、単糸の断面形状が三葉断面形状のものとすることが好ましい。そして、異形度は中でも1.5〜3.0とすることが好ましい   In the present invention, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn has a three-leaf cross-sectional shape, as it is excellent in the above-described dirt retention ability, scraping ability, and operability. And it is preferable that the irregularity is 1.5 to 3.0 among others.

本発明のポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメントは、用途に応じて、総繊度、強度、伸度等を選択すればよいが、拭き取り性能に優れた織編物に用いるには、総繊度10〜300dtexとすることが好ましく、強度1.0〜5.0cN/dtex、伸度20〜40%とすることが好ましい。   The polylactic acid modified cross-section multifilament of the present invention may be selected for the total fineness, strength, elongation, etc. depending on the application, but for use in a woven or knitted fabric excellent in wiping performance, the total fineness is 10 to 300 dtex. It is preferable that the strength is 1.0 to 5.0 cN / dtex and the elongation is 20 to 40%.

次に、本発明のポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメントの製造方法について説明する。まず、ポリ乳酸樹脂を溶融紡糸機に供給し、樹脂の融点より20℃以上高い温度で溶融混練し、続いて紡糸口金の吐出孔から吐出させて溶融紡糸を行う。紡糸された糸条を横吹付装置や環状吹付装置などの公知の冷却装置を用いて冷却した後、油剤を付与する。そして、二工程法を採用する際には、2000m/分以上の高速紡糸を行い、延伸することなく巻き取った半未延伸糸(POY糸)や、2000m/分未満の低速紡糸を行い、延伸することなく巻き取った未延伸糸条に別工程で延伸熱処理を行うことにより本発明のマルチフィラメントを得る。また、一工程法を採用する場合には、紡糸後一旦巻き取ることなく連続して延伸を行うことにより、本発明のマルチフィラメントを得る。
なお、延伸倍率や熱処理温度は、得られるマルチフィラメントの強度や伸度が上記の範囲内となるように適宜選択することが好ましい。
Next, the manufacturing method of the polylactic acid irregular cross-section multifilament of this invention is demonstrated. First, a polylactic acid resin is supplied to a melt spinning machine, melt kneaded at a temperature 20 ° C. or higher than the melting point of the resin, and then discharged from a discharge hole of a spinneret to perform melt spinning. The spun yarn is cooled using a known cooling device such as a horizontal spraying device or an annular spraying device, and then an oil agent is applied. When the two-step method is adopted, high-speed spinning at 2000 m / min or more is performed, semi-undrawn yarn (POY yarn) wound without being drawn or low-speed spinning at less than 2000 m / min is drawn and drawn. The multifilament of the present invention is obtained by subjecting the unstretched yarn wound up without being subjected to stretching heat treatment in a separate step. Moreover, when employ | adopting a one-step method, the multifilament of this invention is obtained by extending | stretching continuously, without winding once after spinning.
The draw ratio and heat treatment temperature are preferably selected as appropriate so that the strength and elongation of the obtained multifilament are within the above ranges.

次に、本発明を実施例によって具体的に説明する。なお、実施例における特性値の測定法及び評価方法は、次のとおりである。
(1)相対粘度
フェノールと四塩化エタンの等質量混合溶液を溶媒としたときの0.5g/100mlのポリマー溶液の粘度を、ウベローデ粘度計を使用して温度20℃の条件下で測定した。
(2)ポリ乳酸のL−乳酸とD−乳酸の含有割合(モル比:L/D)
純水と1Nの水酸化ナトリウムのメタノール溶液の等質量混合溶液を溶媒とし、高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)法により測定した。カラムにはsumichiral OA6100を使用し、UV吸収測定装置により検出した。
(3)強伸度
オリエンテック社製万能引張り試験機テンシロンRTC1210型を用いて、試料長500mm、引張速度500mm/分で応力−伸長曲線を測定し、繊維の最大点強力から強度と伸度を求めた。
(4)単糸繊度(dtex)
JIS L−1013 8.3.1(正量繊度)A法により測定した正量繊度を、フィラメント数で割った値を単糸繊度とした。
(5)製糸操業性
16錘で24時間連続して操業(紡糸、延伸、巻き取り)を行った時の合計切れ糸回数で評価し、○と△を合格とした。
0回:○、1〜2回:△、3回以上:×
(6)拭き取り性能
得られたマルチフィラメントをコース方向30本/2.54cm、ウエール方向40本/2.54cmとしてWピケ組織の編物を製編し、これをワイピングクロスとした。
表面を純水洗浄した後にメタノールで洗浄を行ったガラスプレート(厚さ1mm)を用意し、その中央部のオパシティ値(不透明度合い)を分光光度計(マクベス社製、CE−3100)により測定した(その値を0gとする)。
次に、このガラスプレート中央部表面の半径1cmの範囲に、汚染源として2mgの口紅を塗布し、同様にオパシティ値を測定した(その値を0oとする)。底面積7.07cm2(半径1.5cmの円形)の拭き取り用ジグにワイピングクロスを被せ、上記ガラスプレートの汚染源を塗布した箇所を、拭き取り荷重14.1g/m2、拭き取り速度3cm/秒の条件で拭き取るという拭き取り試験を実施した。このとき、1回拭き取るごとにオパシティ値を測定してからワイピングクロスを新しいものに取り替えることとし、1つのガラスプレートにつき計3回の拭き取り及びオパシティ値測定(累積拭き取り回数n回のときの測定値を0nとする)を行った。
以上の測定結果から、下記式により算出される汚れ除去率を求め、拭き取り性能の指標とした。この方法で求められる汚れ除去率は、ワイピングクロスが汚れを除去してゆく度合いを示すものであり、ワイピングクロスの拭き取り性能の定量的な指標となる。本発明の目的を達成するうえで、この汚れ除去率としては、除去率90%以上、さらには95%以上が1回の拭き取りで達成されることが好ましい。また、除去率95%以上、さらには99%以上が2回以内の拭き取りで達成されることが好ましい。
汚れ除去率(%)=(0o−0n)/(0o−0g)×100
Next, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples. In addition, the measuring method and evaluation method of the characteristic value in an Example are as follows.
(1) Relative Viscosity The viscosity of a 0.5 g / 100 ml polymer solution using an equal mass mixed solution of phenol and ethane tetrachloride as a solvent was measured using a Ubbelohde viscometer at a temperature of 20 ° C.
(2) Content ratio of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid in polylactic acid (molar ratio: L / D)
It measured by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method by using the equal mass mixed solution of the pure water and the methanol solution of 1N sodium hydroxide as a solvent. The column used was sumichiral OA6100 and was detected by a UV absorption measuring device.
(3) High elongation Using a universal tensile testing machine Tensilon RTC1210 manufactured by Orientec, the stress-elongation curve was measured at a sample length of 500 mm and a tensile speed of 500 mm / min, and the strength and elongation were determined from the maximum point strength of the fiber. Asked.
(4) Single yarn fineness (dtex)
JIS L-1013 8.3.1 (Positive Fineness) The value obtained by dividing the positive fineness measured by the A method by the number of filaments was defined as the single yarn fineness.
(5) Yarn operability
Evaluation was made based on the total number of cut yarns when the operation (spinning, drawing, winding) was continuously performed with 16 spindles for 24 hours, and ○ and Δ were regarded as acceptable.
0 times: ○, 1-2 times: △, 3 times or more: ×
(6) Wiping performance A knitted fabric of W picket structure was knitted with the obtained multifilaments in the course direction of 30 / 2.54 cm and the wale direction of 40 / 2.54 cm, and this was used as a wiping cloth.
A glass plate (thickness 1 mm) that had been washed with methanol after washing the surface with pure water was prepared, and the opacity value (opacity) at the center was measured with a spectrophotometer (CE-3100, manufactured by Macbeth). (The value is 0 g).
Next, 2 mg of lipstick was applied as a contamination source in a radius range of 1 cm on the surface of the central portion of the glass plate, and the opacity value was measured in the same manner (the value is assumed to be 0 °). Cover the glass plate with a wiping cloth on a wiping jig with a bottom area of 7.07 cm 2 (radius of 1.5 cm in a circle), and wipe off the place where the contamination source of the glass plate is applied under the conditions of a wiping load of 14.1 g / m 2 and a wiping speed of 3 cm / sec. A wiping test was conducted. At this time, the opacity value is measured after each wiping, and then the wiping cloth is replaced with a new one. A total of three wipings per glass plate and opacity value measurement (measured values when the cumulative number of wiping times is n times) Was set to 0n).
From the above measurement results, the soil removal rate calculated by the following formula was obtained and used as an index of wiping performance. The dirt removal rate required by this method indicates the degree to which the wiping cloth removes dirt, and is a quantitative index of the wiping performance of the wiping cloth. In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the removal rate of the soil is preferably 90% or more, and more preferably 95% or more by one wiping. Further, it is preferable that a removal rate of 95% or more, further 99% or more is achieved by wiping within two times.
Dirt removal rate (%) = (0o-0n) / (0o-0g) × 100

実施例1
ポリ乳酸樹脂として、L−乳酸を主体とするポリ乳酸樹脂であって、L/Dが98.5/1.5、融点170℃、相対粘度1.88のものを用いた。ポリ乳酸樹脂を常法により乾燥した後、溶融押出機に供給し、210℃で溶融混練し、温度230℃で紡糸を行った。このとき、三葉型の吐出孔が穿設された口金から吐出させ、糸条を冷却、固化した後、3500m/分の速度で半未延伸糸を巻き取り、84dtex/144filのマルチフィラメント(POY糸)を得た。次いで、これを通常の延伸装置を用い、予備加熱温度85℃、熱セット温度125℃、延伸倍率1.17倍とし、700m/分の速度で延伸し、72dtex/144fil(単糸繊度0.5dtex)のマルチフィラメントを得た。
Example 1
As the polylactic acid resin, a polylactic acid resin mainly composed of L-lactic acid having an L / D of 98.5 / 1.5, a melting point of 170 ° C., and a relative viscosity of 1.88 was used. The polylactic acid resin was dried by a conventional method, then supplied to a melt extruder, melt kneaded at 210 ° C., and spun at a temperature of 230 ° C. At this time, after discharging from a die having a three-leaf type discharge hole and cooling and solidifying the yarn, the semi-undrawn yarn is wound at a speed of 3500 m / min, and an 84 dtex / 144fil multifilament (POY Thread). Next, this was stretched at a speed of 700 m / min using a normal drawing device at a preheating temperature of 85 ° C., a heat setting temperature of 125 ° C., a draw ratio of 1.17 times, and a 72 dtex / 144fil (single yarn fineness of 0.5 dtex) A filament was obtained.

実施例2〜3、比較例2〜3
溶融紡糸時のポリマーの吐出量を変更し、また、延伸倍率を表1に示す値に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に行い、表1に示す単糸繊度のマルチフィラメントを得た。
Examples 2-3 and Comparative Examples 2-3
A multifilament having a single yarn fineness shown in Table 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of polymer discharged during melt spinning was changed and the draw ratio was changed to the values shown in Table 1.

実施例4〜5、比較例4-〜5
口金の形状を変更し、異形度を表1に示すように種々変更した以外は、実施例1と同様に行い、マルチフィラメントを得た。
Examples 4 to 5 and Comparative Examples 4 to 5
A multifilament was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the shape of the die was changed and the irregularity was changed variously as shown in Table 1.

実施例6
六葉型の吐出孔が穿設された口金から吐出させ、断面形状を六葉、異形度を1.5とした以外は実施例1と同様に行い、マルチフィラメントを得た。
Example 6
A multifilament was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the discharge was made from a die having a six-leaf type discharge hole and the cross-sectional shape was changed to six leaves and the degree of deformity was 1.5.

比較例1
丸型の吐出孔が穿設された口金から吐出させ、断面形状を丸型とした以外は、実施例1と同様に行い、マルチフィラメントを得た。
Comparative Example 1
A multifilament was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the discharge was made from a die having a round discharge hole and the cross-sectional shape was round.

比較例6
溶融紡糸時のポリマーの吐出量を変更し、また、延伸倍率を表1に示す値に変更した以外は比較例1と同様に行い、表1に示す単糸繊度のマルチフィラメントを得た。
Comparative Example 6
A multifilament having a single yarn fineness shown in Table 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the amount of polymer discharged during melt spinning was changed and the draw ratio was changed to the values shown in Table 1.

比較例7
ポリ乳酸樹脂に代えて、PETを主成分とするポリエステル樹脂(融点255℃、相対粘度1.38)を用い、紡糸温度を290℃に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に行い、100dtex/144filの三葉断面マルチフィラメント(POY糸)を得た。次いでこれを通常の延伸装置を用い、延伸時の予備加熱温度90℃、熱セット温度160℃、延伸倍率を1.52倍とし、700m/分の速度で延伸し、72dtex/144filのマルチフィラメントを得た。
Comparative Example 7
Instead of polylactic acid resin, polyester resin (melting point: 255 ° C, relative viscosity: 1.38) containing PET as the main component was used, and the spinning temperature was changed to 290 ° C. A leaf cross-section multifilament (POY yarn) was obtained. Next, this was stretched at a preheating temperature of 90 ° C., a heat setting temperature of 160 ° C., a stretching ratio of 1.52 times, and a stretching ratio of 1.52 times using a normal stretching device, and a multifilament of 72 dtex / 144 fil was obtained. .

比較例8
丸型の吐出孔が穿設された口金から吐出させ、断面形状を丸型とした以外は、比較例7と同様に行い、マルチフィラメントを得た。
Comparative Example 8
A multifilament was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 7 except that the discharge was made from a die having a round discharge hole and the cross-sectional shape was round.

実施例1〜6、比較例1〜8で得られたマルチフィラメントの物性、製糸操業性、拭き取り性能の評価結果を表1に示す。   Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the physical properties, yarn operability, and wiping performance of the multifilaments obtained in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8.

表1から明らかなように、実施例1〜6のマルチフィラメントは、製糸操業性よく得ることができ、これらのマルチフィラメントから得られた布帛は優れた拭き取り性能を有していた。   As can be seen from Table 1, the multifilaments of Examples 1 to 6 were able to be obtained with good spinning maneuverability, and the fabrics obtained from these multifilaments had excellent wiping performance.

一方、比較例1のマルチフィラメントは単糸の断面形状が丸断面形状であったため、また、比較例4のマルチフィラメントは単糸の異形度が小さいものであったため、ともにローラやガイド等との接触面積が大きくなり、製糸操業性が悪かった。また、これらのマルチフィラメントから得られた布帛は拭き取り性能にも劣るものであった。比較例2のマルチフィラメントは、単糸繊度が小さすぎたため、製糸操業性に劣るものであった。比較例3、比較例6のマルチフィラメントは、単糸繊度が1dtexを超えていたため、さらに比較例6のマルチフィラメントは単糸の断面形状が丸断面形状であったため、これらのマルチフィラメントから得られた布帛は、拭き取り性能に劣るものであった。比較例5のマルチフィラメントは、単糸の異形度が大きすぎたため、葉部が潰れてしまい、糸切れが生じ、製糸操業性が悪かった。比較例7〜8のマルチフィラメントは、PET樹脂からなるマルチフィラメントであったため、これらのマルチフィラメントから得られた布帛は拭き取り性能に劣るものであった。   On the other hand, since the multifilament of Comparative Example 1 had a round cross-sectional shape of the single yarn, and the multifilament of Comparative Example 4 had a small degree of irregularity of the single yarn, The contact area was large and the yarn maneuverability was poor. Moreover, the fabric obtained from these multifilaments was inferior also to the wiping performance. The multifilament of Comparative Example 2 was inferior in yarn maneuverability because the single yarn fineness was too small. Since the multifilaments of Comparative Examples 3 and 6 had a single yarn fineness exceeding 1 dtex, the multifilament of Comparative Example 6 was obtained from these multifilaments because the single yarn had a round cross-sectional shape. The fabric was inferior in wiping performance. In the multifilament of Comparative Example 5, since the degree of deformity of the single yarn was too large, the leaf portion was crushed, yarn breakage occurred, and the yarn operability was poor. Since the multifilaments of Comparative Examples 7 to 8 were multifilaments made of PET resin, the fabrics obtained from these multifilaments were inferior in wiping performance.

本発明のポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメントの単糸を繊維の長手方向に対して垂直に切断した断面形状(三葉断面形状)の一実施態様を示す断面模式図である。It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows one embodiment of the cross-sectional shape (trilobal cross-sectional shape) which cut | disconnected the single thread | yarn of the polylactic acid irregular cross section multifilament of this invention perpendicularly | vertically with respect to the longitudinal direction of a fiber. 本発明のポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメントの単糸を繊維の長手方向に対して垂直に切断した断面形状(六葉断面形状)の一実施態様を示す断面模式図である。It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows one embodiment of the cross-sectional shape (six-leaf cross-sectional shape) which cut | disconnected the single yarn of the polylactic acid irregular cross-section multifilament of this invention perpendicularly | vertically with respect to the longitudinal direction of the fiber.

Claims (2)

ポリ乳酸を直接紡糸することによって得られたマルチフィラメントであって、単糸繊度が0.1〜1.0dtexであり、単糸を繊維の長手方向に対して垂直に切断した断面形状が多葉断面形状を呈しており、かつ異形度が1.3〜5.0であることを特徴とするポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメント。
ただし、異形度とは、多葉断面形状における外接円の直径Rと内接円の直径rの比(R/r)をいい、多葉断面形状において、形状の外部の点に接し(外接し)て描ける円のうち、最も多くの点に外接して描ける円であって、最も直径の小さい円を外接円とし、形状の内部に3点以上接し(内接し)て描ける円のうち、最も直径の大きい円を内接円という。
A multifilament obtained by directly spinning polylactic acid, the single yarn fineness is 0.1 to 1.0 dtex, and the cross-sectional shape obtained by cutting the single yarn perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fiber is a multi-leaf cross-sectional shape. A polylactic acid deformed cross-section multifilament characterized by having a deformity of 1.3 to 5.0.
However, the irregularity means the ratio (R / r) of the diameter R of the circumscribed circle to the diameter r of the inscribed circle in the multilobal cross-sectional shape, and is in contact with the external point of the shape (circumscribed) ) The circle that can be drawn by circumscribing the largest number of points, the circle with the smallest diameter as the circumscribed circle, and the circle that can be drawn by touching (inscribed) three or more points inside the shape A circle with a large diameter is called an inscribed circle.
多葉断面形状が三葉断面形状である請求項1記載のポリ乳酸異形断面マルチフィラメント。 The polylactic acid irregular cross-section multifilament according to claim 1, wherein the multi-leaf cross-sectional shape is a trilobal cross-sectional shape.
JP2005037091A 2005-02-15 2005-02-15 Polylactic acid multifilament having modified cross section Pending JP2006225767A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1892899A2 (en) 2006-08-22 2008-02-27 NTT DoCoMo, Inc. Data flow amount control device and method
KR20180082111A (en) * 2017-01-10 2018-07-18 안병훈 Process Of Producing Composite Yarn For Bath―Towel
KR20180082100A (en) * 2017-01-10 2018-07-18 안병훈 Process Of Producing Composite Yarn For Bath―Towel
JP2020090736A (en) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-11 アキレス株式会社 Knitted fabric for cleaning

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JPS5881609A (en) * 1981-11-04 1983-05-17 Nippon Ester Co Ltd Melt spinning method of ultrafine modified cross section yarn
JPH06123034A (en) * 1992-10-07 1994-05-06 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Mop cord yarn
JPH0913256A (en) * 1995-06-29 1997-01-14 Unitika Ltd Biodegradable staple fiber nonwoven fabric and its production
JP2000220030A (en) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-08 Toray Ind Inc Modified cross-section aliphatic polyester fiber and fibrous structure
JP2001192932A (en) * 1999-12-28 2001-07-17 Kuraray Co Ltd Microfiber

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5881609A (en) * 1981-11-04 1983-05-17 Nippon Ester Co Ltd Melt spinning method of ultrafine modified cross section yarn
JPH06123034A (en) * 1992-10-07 1994-05-06 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Mop cord yarn
JPH0913256A (en) * 1995-06-29 1997-01-14 Unitika Ltd Biodegradable staple fiber nonwoven fabric and its production
JP2000220030A (en) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-08 Toray Ind Inc Modified cross-section aliphatic polyester fiber and fibrous structure
JP2001192932A (en) * 1999-12-28 2001-07-17 Kuraray Co Ltd Microfiber

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1892899A2 (en) 2006-08-22 2008-02-27 NTT DoCoMo, Inc. Data flow amount control device and method
KR20180082111A (en) * 2017-01-10 2018-07-18 안병훈 Process Of Producing Composite Yarn For Bath―Towel
KR20180082100A (en) * 2017-01-10 2018-07-18 안병훈 Process Of Producing Composite Yarn For Bath―Towel
KR101978645B1 (en) 2017-01-10 2019-05-15 안병훈 Process Of Producing Composite Yarn For Bath―Towel
JP2020090736A (en) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-11 アキレス株式会社 Knitted fabric for cleaning
JP7316560B2 (en) 2018-12-05 2023-07-28 アキレス株式会社 Knitted cloth for cleaning

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