JP2006223997A - Ballast water intaking and treating device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ballast water intaking and treating device which can supply ballast water free from microorganisms etc. having a size equal to or larger than a prescribed size to a ballast tank by blocking the passage of the microorganisms and bacteria having a size equal to or larger than the prescribed size with a membrane in a process of intaking the ballast water. <P>SOLUTION: The ballast water intaking and treating device is made by arranging a membrane treatment unit 6, for separating the microorganisms having a size equal to or larger than the prescribed size, in or on the hull 1 of a ship. An intake pump 4 is connected to the membrane treatment unit 6. In a process for intaking seawater or freshwater outside of the ship into the ballast tank 102 by the intake pump 4, filtration by the membrane treatment unit 6 is carried out. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a ballast water intake / treatment device, and more specifically, ballast water that does not contain microorganisms or the like larger than a predetermined size by blocking microorganisms or cells of a predetermined size or more with a membrane in the process of taking ballast water. The present invention relates to a ballast water intake / treatment device capable of supplying water to a ballast tank.

  A cargo ship that transports crude oil or the like is provided with a ballast tank in order to maintain the stability of the hull during navigation. Normally, when crude oil or the like is not loaded, the inside of the ballast tank is filled with ballast water, and when the crude oil or the like is loaded, the ballast water is discharged to adjust the buoyancy of the hull and stabilize the hull.

  As described above, the ballast water is water necessary for the safe navigation of the ship, and the seawater of the port that performs cargo handling is usually used. The amount is said to exceed 10 billion tons per year worldwide.

  By the way, the ballast water contains microorganisms and eggs of small and large organisms that live in the port where the water was taken, and these microorganisms and eggs of small and large organisms are transported to different countries at the same time as the ship moves. It will be.

  Therefore, the destruction of ecosystems, such as the replacement of existing species with species that did not originally live in the sea, has become serious.

  Against this background, the diplomatic meeting of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has adopted the obligation to receive periodic inspections related to ballast water treatment equipment, etc., and is scheduled to be applied to construction ships from 2009 onwards. .

  In addition, due to the convention for the regulation and management of ship ballast water and sediment (hereinafter referred to as the Convention), the discharge standards for ballast water will be as shown in Table 1 below.

  For this reason, it is necessary to sterilize or disinfect up to about 1 / 100th of the number of microorganisms present in the open ocean when ballast water is discharged.

  From the background as described above, there is an urgent need to develop a sterilization / sterilization technique for ballast water that can solve the above problems.

Conventionally, as a sterilization / sterilization technique for ballast water, a technique described in Patent Document 1 is known as a chemical technique using ozone.
JP 2004-160437 A

  Patent Document 1 proposes a technique for injecting ozone into ballast water in combination with steam injection, and further sterilizing ozone while reducing the amount of ozone used by promoting the generation of hydroxyl radicals by making bubbles fine. Yes.

  However, it has been found that there is a limit to reducing the amount of ozone used. For this reason, the present inventor can reliably remove microorganisms of a predetermined size or more by adopting membrane treatment, and if only the remaining small cells are sterilized with ozone, the amount of ozone used can be greatly increased. The inventors found that it can be reduced, and reached the present invention.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a ballast water capable of supplying a ballast water to a ballast tank by preventing a microorganism or cells of a predetermined size or more by a membrane in a process of taking ballast water and not containing a microorganism of a predetermined size or more. Is to provide water intake and treatment equipment.

  Other problems of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.

  The above problems are solved by the following inventions.

(Claim 1)
A membrane treatment unit that separates microorganisms of a predetermined size or more is disposed on or inside the ship hull, and a water intake pump is connected to the membrane treatment unit, and seawater or fresh water outside the vessel is ballasted by the intake pump. A ballast water intake / treatment device having a configuration in which filtration is performed by the membrane treatment unit in the course of taking water into a tank.

(Claim 2)
The membrane treatment unit is housed in a ship's hull, and has a configuration in which seawater or fresh water is projected into seawater or fresh water outside the hull when water is taken into a ballast tank. Ballast water intake and treatment equipment.

(Claim 3)
The ballast according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the membrane used in the membrane treatment unit is a microfiltration membrane or a filter cloth having a function of blocking particles, microorganisms, and fungi in a range of 0.1 to 50 µm. Water intake and treatment equipment.

(Claim 4)
4. The ballast water intake / treatment device according to claim 3, wherein the membrane treatment unit includes a square membrane module or a cylindrical membrane module.

(Claim 5)
The ballast water intake / treatment device according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the ballast water separated by the membrane treatment unit is subjected to ozone oxidation treatment.

  According to the present invention, ingesting ballast water, it is possible to supply a ballast water to a ballast tank that prevents a microorganism or cells of a predetermined size or more by a membrane and supplies ballast water that does not contain a microorganism of a predetermined size or more. A processing device can be provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a ballast water intake / treatment device in a ship such as a tanker, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a water intake portion in FIG.

  The example of illustration shows the form which has arrange | positioned the membrane treatment unit in the water intake which has become the cavity conventionally.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a hull of a ship such as a tanker, and one or two or more intake parts 2 each comprising a water intake 100 and a slit 101 for preventing inflow of foreign matter on the side and bottom near the bottom of the engine part. Usually, as shown in the figure, each of the side part and the bottom part is provided with one water intake part 2, 2.

  When taking ballast water, seawater or fresh water around the hull 1 is sucked by the pump 4 from the water intake 100 of the water intake section 2 through the water intake pipe 3 and stored in the ballast tank 102. The intake pipe 3 can be provided with a filter 5 if necessary.

  The water intake 100 is provided with a membrane treatment unit 6 and includes a plurality of membrane modules 600. The membrane processing unit 6 separates microorganisms having a predetermined size or more and further adds ozone oxidation treatment to sterilize minute microorganisms (such as fungus bodies) that have passed through the membrane processing unit 6. Examples of the ozone oxidation treatment include injecting fine ozone bubbles into the intake pipe 3.

  Further, since water enters the ballast tank 102, the air originally present in the tank 102 is released to the atmosphere through the intake / exhaust pipe 7.

  When taking water, depending on how the ship sinks, the bottom or side water intake section 2 is switched as appropriate, and it is not always necessary to start the pump, and water may be taken in by simply opening the valve.

  On the other hand, at the time of draining ballast water, the same pump 4 as that at the time of water absorption is started, and the flow path is changed by switching the valve to drain through the drain pipe 8. There are two drainage destinations, the drainage pipe outlet provided on the ship and the intake section. At the time of drainage, water from the ballast tank 102 is drained, so that air flows through the intake / exhaust pipe 7.

  In the above description, the ballast tank 102 and the pump 4 have been described as being in one line. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the ballast tank and the pump may have a plurality of lines.

  One mode of the membrane module used in the membrane processing unit of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the membrane module used in the membrane treatment unit of the present invention, and the embodiment shown in the drawing is an example of a square membrane module.

  As shown in the figure, the membrane module 600 has a structure in which a plurality of flat membranes 601 and spacer members 602 are alternately stacked and fixed and housed in a mesh-like casing 603. Seawater or fresh water filtered by the flat membrane 601 gathers in the water collecting section 604 and is sent to the ballast tank as ballast water.

  Next, another aspect of the membrane module used in the membrane treatment unit of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6.

  4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the membrane module used in the membrane treatment unit of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the membrane module of the above, and FIG. 6 is another example of the membrane module of the same. It is sectional drawing shown.

  The mode shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is an example of a cylindrical membrane module, and FIG. 5 shows an example in which the flat membrane is stored in a pleat type.

  As shown in the figure, the cylindrical membrane module has a flat membrane 606 stored in a pleated shape in a cylindrical mesh-shaped casing 605, one is sealed with a cap 607, and a water collecting portion 608 is provided on the other. A filtered water flow path 610 is formed in an inner cylindrical mesh casing 609.

  4 and 6 show an example of a cylindrical membrane module, and FIG. 6 shows an example in which the flat membrane is stored in a spiral type.

  As shown in the figure, in the cylindrical membrane module, a flat membrane 606 is housed in a spiral shape in a cylindrical mesh casing 605, one is sealed with a cap 607, and a water collecting portion 608 is provided on the other. A filtered water flow path 610 is formed in an inner cylindrical mesh casing 609.

  The membrane module 600 of the membrane processing unit 6 has a function of separating microorganisms having a predetermined size or more.

  Here, the predetermined size or larger means that zooplankton and phytoplankton, which serve as a drainage standard, can be separated, and thus the ability to separate plankton of 50 μm or more is meant.

  If plankton having a size of 50 μm or more can be separated by a membrane, the membrane-treated separated water only contains bacterial cells having a size of less than 50 μm, which is effective in reducing costs when, for example, ozone sterilization is employed as a post-treatment.

  In the present invention, the membrane used in the membrane module may have any performance as long as it can separate plankton of 50 μm or more as described above, but it further has a function of blocking particles, microorganisms, and fungi of smaller diameter. Specifically, a membrane having a function of inhibiting particles, microorganisms, and fungus bodies in the range of 0.1 to 50 μm, for example, a microfiltration membrane or a filter cloth is preferable. This is because the facility cost and the running cost for the ozone oxidation treatment of the bacterial cells passing through the membrane after the membrane treatment are further reduced.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the membrane treatment unit 6 is configured to protrude from the hull because water intake efficiency can be increased.

  That is, when there is no mechanism for projecting the membrane treatment unit 6, if the membrane treatment unit is configured to have the same size as the water intake, the clearance is small and the resistance at the time of water intake increases. This is because such a problem can be avoided and at the same time the surface area of the filtration membrane can be increased.

  FIG. 7 shows a state where the membrane treatment unit 6 is stored in the water intake 100. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 611 denotes a moving table on which the film processing unit 6 is placed, and the moving table 611 is provided with a pinion rack mechanism 612.

  By adopting such a structure, the movable table 611 can be protruded from the water outlet 100 to the outside, and the membrane treatment unit 6 can be protruded to the outside.

  FIG. 8 shows a state in which the membrane processing unit 6 protrudes outside (in water).

  The mechanism for projecting outside is not limited to the pinion / rack mechanism, and a hydraulic or hydraulic piston mechanism or the like may be employed as long as it is a means for reciprocating in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction.

  When a reciprocating mechanism as shown in the figure is employed, the separation water pipe 200 from the membrane treatment unit 6 is preferably a flexible tube.

  In FIG.7 and FIG.8, the water intake 100 may always be open | released and the slit may be comprised so that opening and closing is possible.

  FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a membrane treatment unit using a square membrane module. In the square membrane treatment unit 6, a plurality of square membrane modules 600 are housed in a mesh casing 613.

  FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of a cylindrical membrane processing unit using a cylindrical membrane module. In the cylindrical membrane processing unit 6, a plurality of cylindrical membrane modules 600 are housed in a mesh casing 613. .

Sectional drawing which shows an example of the water intake / treatment apparatus of ballast water in ships, such as a tanker Enlarged sectional view of the water intake section in FIG. The perspective view which shows the one aspect | mode of the membrane module used for the membrane treatment unit of this invention The perspective view which shows an example of the membrane module used for this invention Sectional drawing which shows an example of the membrane module shown in FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the other example of the membrane module shown in FIG. The figure which shows the state in which the membrane treatment unit which concerns on this invention is accommodated in the water intake. The figure which shows the state which the film processing unit which concerns on this invention protruded outside (underwater) The perspective view which shows an example of the film processing unit used for this invention The perspective view which shows the other example of the film processing unit used for this invention

Explanation of symbols

1: Ship hull 100: Water intake 101: Slit 102: Ballast tank 2: Water intake unit 3: Water intake pipe 4: Pump 5: Filter 6: Membrane treatment unit 600: Membrane module 601: Flat membrane 602: Spacer member 603: Casing 604: Water collecting section 605: Casing 606: Flat membrane 607: Cap 608: Water collecting section 609: Casing 610: Filtration water flow path 611: Moving table 612: Pinion rack mechanism 613: Casing 7: Intake / exhaust pipe 8: Drain pipe

Claims (5)

  A membrane treatment unit that separates microorganisms of a predetermined size or more is disposed on or inside the ship hull, and a water intake pump is connected to the membrane treatment unit, and seawater or fresh water outside the vessel is ballasted by the intake pump. A ballast water intake / treatment device having a configuration in which filtration is performed by the membrane treatment unit in the course of taking water into a tank.   The membrane treatment unit is housed in a ship's hull, and has a configuration in which seawater or fresh water is projected into seawater or fresh water outside the hull when water is taken into a ballast tank. Ballast water intake and treatment equipment.   The ballast according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the membrane used in the membrane treatment unit is a microfiltration membrane or a filter cloth having a function of blocking particles, microorganisms, and fungi in a range of 0.1 to 50 µm. Water intake and treatment equipment.   4. The ballast water intake / treatment device according to claim 3, wherein the membrane treatment unit includes a square membrane module or a cylindrical membrane module. The ballast water intake / treatment device according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the ballast water separated by the membrane treatment unit is subjected to ozone oxidation treatment.

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