JP2005531407A - 転換方法用触媒 - Google Patents
転換方法用触媒 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005531407A JP2005531407A JP2004519597A JP2004519597A JP2005531407A JP 2005531407 A JP2005531407 A JP 2005531407A JP 2004519597 A JP2004519597 A JP 2004519597A JP 2004519597 A JP2004519597 A JP 2004519597A JP 2005531407 A JP2005531407 A JP 2005531407A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- hydrodesulfurization
- metal
- bed
- angstroms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
- C10G65/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/883—Molybdenum and nickel
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- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/185—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals
- B01J27/1853—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals with iron, cobalt or nickel
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- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/188—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
- B01J27/19—Molybdenum
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- B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
- B01J8/0025—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor by an ascending fluid
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- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
- B01J8/0085—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction promoting uninterrupted fluid flow, e.g. by filtering out particles in front of the catalyst layer
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- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0242—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical
- B01J8/025—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical in a cylindrical shaped bed
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- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
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Abstract
Description
(i) 固定床下向流反応器系、
(ii) 操業中の触媒交換が出来、H-OilおよびLC Finingの商標で現在産業界に知られている沸騰(ebullated)又は膨張型上向流反応器系、および
(iii) Stangeland等に付与され本発明および発見と共通の譲受人を有する米国特許第5,076,908号明細書に更に具体的に説明された、操業中の触媒交換系を有する実質的に充填床型の上向流反応器系。
Bachtel 等 米国特許 5,527,512 明細書
Trimble 等 米国特許 5,492,617 明細書
Trimble 等 米国特許 5,589,057 明細書
Stangeland 等 米国特許 5,498,327 明細書
Trimble 等 米国特許 5,660,715 明細書
Trimble 等 米国特許 5,648,051 明細書
Stangeland 等 米国特許 5,599,440 明細書
Reynolds 等 米国特許 5,885,534 明細書
Bachtel 等 米国特許 5,603,904 明細書
Scheuerman 米国特許 5,916,529 明細書
Stangeland 等 米国特許 5,733,440 明細書
Kramer 等 米国特許 6,086,749 明細書 および
Bachtel 米国特許 6,031,146 明細書
方法概観
本発明の触媒は水素処理に使用する。かかる方法、特に水素化脱硫は、触媒10が容器11内に位置している図1に示されているような装置で行うことが出来る。この方法において、硫黄で汚染された重質供給物は水素と混合され管路16を経由して上向きで容器11中に送り込まれる。水素化脱硫が起こり、脱硫された供給物は管路18を経由して除去される。
本発明により提供される触媒は、米国特許第5,472,928号明細書に記載された触媒よりもいくらか小さな直径孔およびいくらか低い密度を特徴とする。それは又、水素化脱硫反応に対するいくらか高い活性および水素化脱金属反応におけるいくらか低い活性を有する。
(i) 多孔質無機酸化物支持体、
(ii) 多孔質無機酸化物支持体の中および(又は)上に沈着した1種以上の触媒金属および(又は)追加の触媒添加物、
(iii) 少なくとも約5重量ポンドの粉砕強さ、
(iv) 約6〜約8タイラーメッシュサイズの範囲の均一なサイズ、
(v) 8タイラーメッシュを通過する微粉含量が約1.0重量%迄で、10タイラーメッシュを通過する微粉含量が約0.2重量%迄、
(vi) 8タイラーメッシュを通過する減少量が約0.5重量%迄で、10タイラーメッシュを通過する減少量が約0.2重量%迄、
(vii) 一般に均一で球形に近い形状、および
(viii) 約0.79g/cc〜約1.00g/ccの範囲の均一な密度、103〜118のピーク孔径(窒素脱着法)、および水銀吸収法で測定して細孔容積の25〜35%以下のマクロ細孔(>1000細孔)。
本発明の触媒は以下の一般的方法により製造することが出来る。
説明した総物理的サイズの固体支持体ベースを得る。その気孔率を測定する。細孔特性を測定することが出来るので、所望の最終特性を与えるようにより長いか又はより短いか焼を選択する。
普通のか焼温度は、約0.2〜約3、特に0.5〜2時間の間、1500°F〜2250°F、特に1600°F〜1900°Fの範囲である。
その後、該触媒に所望の金属および添加剤を溶液として含浸させる。
該含浸済触媒を乾燥させ、750°F〜1200°Fのような細孔調節か焼温度より低い温度まで加熱する。
この加熱は0.5〜約4時間の範囲である。
本発明の触媒および方法は水素化転換反応、特に水素化脱硫に適用出来るが、水素化転換反応のすべては、液体炭化水素流又は液体炭化水素供給流(即ち、液体炭化水素成分LH)を代表する重質炭化水素質油を接触的に改良する。本明細書で用いられ先に示された「重質」液体炭化水素流は、その少なくとも50容量%が約204℃より上で沸騰する、好ましくは約343℃より上で、特に好ましくは約510℃より上で沸騰する大量の留分を含む液体炭化水素流を意味する。好ましい液体炭化水素流は残留分および合成石油である。それらは、原油、石炭、頁岩油、タールサンド瀝青、重質タール油、および他の合成源から誘導することが出来る。本発明は、非常に手に負えない汚染された液体炭化水素流を精製するために有利に使用される。該液体炭化水素流は、頁岩微粉、砂等の微細固体が実質的に存在しなくてもよい。或いは、該液体炭化水素流はかなりの濃度(例えば、1重量%以上)の微細固体を含有していてもよい。先に示したように、該液体炭化水素流(即ち、液体炭化水素成分LH)は、単一流又は炭化水素流として反応容器11に導入される前に、好ましくは水素である任意のタイプの水素含有ガス(即ち、水素ガス成分HG)と予め混合するのが好ましい。液体炭化水素流対水素含有ガスの混合比は当業者に周知のいかなる適当な比であってもよい。
以下の実施例は本発明の触媒およびその水素処理方法における利用を例証するために提供する。それらは本発明の範囲を限定することを意図するものではない。
触媒製造
アルミナ球体(0.10インチの直径)の供給物を得た。この材料は窒素気孔率測定法で測定して160のピーク孔径を有していた。
支持体ピーク孔径
75
115
135
150
160
84.70重量%のアルミナ
10.50重量%のMoO3
2.90重量%のP2O5
1.90重量%のNiO
水素処理試験
実施例1におけるように製造した触媒120ccをパイロット規模の水素処理反応器に装填した。該装置は、2000psigの水素圧力および713°F並びに755°Fの予め選択した2種類の反応器温度で750時間の試験コースにわたり上向き流方式で操作した。供給物中の初期硫黄濃度は4.44重量%であったが、600時間の運転後755°Fで1.67%に減少した。供給物中の初期バナジウム濃度は358ppmであったが、158ppmに減少した。
Claims (18)
- 触媒として有効な量の水素化脱硫金属を表面上に有する多孔質粒子状支持体を含む、重質炭化水素供給原料の水素化脱硫用触媒であって、0.70〜1.10g/ccの粒子密度、約0.60〜1.10cc/gの水銀気孔率測定法細孔容積、110〜190m2/gの表面積、直径が1000オングストロームより大きな35%未満の細孔、及び80〜140オングストロームの窒素脱離ピーク孔径を有する、前記触媒。
- 触媒として有効な量の水素化脱硫金属を表面上に有する多孔質粒子状支持体を含む、重質炭化水素供給原料の水素化脱硫用触媒であって、0.75〜1.00g/ccの粒子密度、約0.70〜1.05cc/gの水銀気孔率測定法細孔容積、120〜180m2/gの表面積、直径が1000オングストロームより大きな35%未満の細孔、及び90〜130オングストロームの窒素脱離ピーク孔径を有する、前記触媒。
- 触媒として有効な量の水素化脱硫金属を表面上に有する多孔質粒子状支持体を含む、重質炭化水素供給原料の水素化脱硫用触媒であって、0.79〜1.00g/ccの粒子密度、約0.74〜0.95cc/gの水銀気孔率測定法細孔容積、130〜170m2/gの表面積、直径が1000オングストロームより大きな35%未満の細孔、及び103〜118オングストロームの窒素脱離ピーク孔径を有する、前記触媒。
- 該粒子状触媒が上向流水素化脱硫域における使用に適合させた大きさ及び形状である、請求項1,2または3の触媒。
- 該粒子状触媒が操業中の触媒交換に適合させた大きさ及び形状である、請求項4の触媒。
- 該支持体がアルミナを含む、請求項5の触媒。
- 該水素化脱硫金属がモリブデンを含む、請求項6の触媒。
- 該水素化脱硫金属がニッケルを含む、請求項7の触媒。
- 更に燐を含む、請求項8の触媒。
- 該粒子状触媒は直径が約0.10インチの実質的に球状の粒子である、請求項5の触媒。
- 触媒として有効な量の水素化脱硫金属を表面上に有する多孔質粒子状支持体を含む、重質炭化水素供給原料の水素化脱硫用触媒であって、前記支持体が0.60〜1.00g/ccの粒子密度、約0.80〜1.35cc/gの水銀気孔率測定法細孔容積、120〜200m2/gの表面積、直径が1000オングストロームより大きな35%未満の細孔、及び100〜160オングストロームの窒素脱離ピーク孔径を有する、前記触媒。
- 触媒として有効な量の水素化脱硫金属を表面上に有する多孔質粒子状支持体を含む、重質炭化水素供給原料の水素化脱硫用触媒であって、前記支持体が0.65〜0.90g/ccの粒子密度、約0.90〜1.20cc/gの水銀気孔率測定法細孔容積、130〜190m2/gの表面積、直径が1000オングストロームより大きな35%未満の細孔、及び110〜150オングストロームの窒素脱離ピーク孔径を有する、前記触媒。
- 触媒として有効な量の水素化脱硫金属を表面上に有する多孔質粒子状支持体を含む、重質炭化水素供給原料の水素化脱硫用触媒であって、前記支持体が0.71〜0.82g/ccの粒子密度、約0.95〜1.12cc/gの水銀気孔率測定法細孔容積、140〜180m2/gの表面積、直径が1000オングストロームより大きな35%未満の細孔、及び125〜137オングストロームの窒素脱離ピーク孔径を有する、前記触媒。
- 水素化脱硫条件下で硫黄含有重質炭化水素供給原料を請求項1の触媒と接触させることを含む、前記供給原料の水素化脱硫方法。
- 水素化脱硫条件下で硫黄含有重質炭化水素供給原料を請求項2の触媒と接触させることを含む、前記供給原料の水素化脱硫方法。
- 水素化脱硫条件下で硫黄含有重質炭化水素供給原料を請求項3の触媒と接触させることを含む、前記供給原料の水素化脱硫方法。
- 該水素化脱硫条件が約230〜約480℃の温度および約30〜約300気圧の水素圧を含む、請求項14,15又は16の方法。
- 重質炭化水素供給原料を水素処理してそこから金属および硫黄汚染物質を除去する方法であって、
a. 触媒として有効な量の水素化脱金属用金属を表面上に有する多孔質粒子状支持体を含む第一固体触媒であって、0.70〜1.10g/ccの粒子密度、約0.60〜1.10cc/gの水銀気孔率測定法細孔容積、110〜190m2/gの表面積、及び140〜160オングストロームの窒素脱離ピーク孔径を有する前記触媒の床に、水素化脱金属条件下で該供給原料を接触させ、それにより脱金属供給原料を形成すること、及び
b. 触媒として有効な量の水素化脱硫金属を表面上に有する多孔質粒子状支持体を含む第二固体触媒であって、0.85〜0.98g/ccの粒子密度、約0.65〜0.75cc/gの水銀気孔率測定法細孔容積、130〜170m2/gの表面積、及び90〜130オングストロームの窒素脱離ピーク孔径を有する前記触媒の床に、水素化脱硫条件下で該脱金属供給原料を接触させ、それにより脱金属且つ脱硫生成物流を形成すること
を含む、前記方法。
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US7074740B2 (en) | 2006-07-11 |
JP4628097B2 (ja) | 2011-02-09 |
US20040004030A1 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
AU2003239196A1 (en) | 2004-01-23 |
WO2004005430A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
WO2004005429A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
CN1665907A (zh) | 2005-09-07 |
CN100482765C (zh) | 2009-04-29 |
WO2004005430A9 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
AU2003245527A1 (en) | 2004-01-23 |
EP1520000A1 (en) | 2005-04-06 |
EP1520000A4 (en) | 2009-06-24 |
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