JP2005523892A - 5−ht3受容体アンタゴニストおよび使用法 - Google Patents
5−ht3受容体アンタゴニストおよび使用法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005523892A JP2005523892A JP2003561601A JP2003561601A JP2005523892A JP 2005523892 A JP2005523892 A JP 2005523892A JP 2003561601 A JP2003561601 A JP 2003561601A JP 2003561601 A JP2003561601 A JP 2003561601A JP 2005523892 A JP2005523892 A JP 2005523892A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- optionally substituted
- lower alkyl
- substituted lower
- following structure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 102000035037 5-HT3 receptors Human genes 0.000 title claims description 10
- 108091005477 5-HT3 receptors Proteins 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229940044551 receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000002464 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 208000002551 irritable bowel syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003369 serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229930010796 primary metabolite Natural products 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000036470 plasma concentration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 101001047090 Homo sapiens Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 102100022807 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004783 oxidative metabolism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940113081 5 Hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 108090000604 Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 102000004157 Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 12
- FELGMEQIXOGIFQ-CYBMUJFWSA-N (3r)-9-methyl-3-[(2-methylimidazol-1-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1h-carbazol-4-one Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1C[C@@H]1C(=O)C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)N2C)=C2CC1 FELGMEQIXOGIFQ-CYBMUJFWSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229960003550 alosetron Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229960005343 ondansetron Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 230000037353 metabolic pathway Effects 0.000 description 7
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000008406 drug-drug interaction Effects 0.000 description 6
- FLZQKRKHLSUHOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alosetron Chemical compound CC1=NC=N[C]1CN1C(=O)C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)N2C)=C2CC1 FLZQKRKHLSUHOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 208000004998 Abdominal Pain Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010010774 Constipation Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000036765 blood level Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 108090000371 Esterases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 Ro-93777 Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 208000018452 Torsade de pointes Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000002363 Torsades de Pointes Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- MFWNKCLOYSRHCJ-BTTYYORXSA-N granisetron Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)N[C@H]3C[C@H]4CCC[C@@H](C3)N4C)=NN(C)C2=C1 MFWNKCLOYSRHCJ-BTTYYORXSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960003727 granisetron Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000007449 liver function test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 3
- GZXONPGTMHLBKQ-UTONKHPSSA-N 2,3-dihydroindol-1-yl-[(5r)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3h-benzimidazol-5-yl]methanone;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1CC2=CC=CC=C2N1C(=O)[C@H]1CC(NC=N2)=C2CC1 GZXONPGTMHLBKQ-UTONKHPSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 0 C*1(C*)c(cccc2)c2C2=C1CCN(CC(*=CC)=C(C)C)C2=* Chemical compound C*1(C*)c(cccc2)c2C2=C1CCN(CC(*=CC)=C(C)C)C2=* 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000018522 Gastrointestinal disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000005392 Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000001072 colon Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008991 intestinal motility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004899 motility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036407 pain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003285 pharmacodynamic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000902 placebo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940068196 placebo Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000001186 vagus nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- SKRURAREEIQZDM-BPDSMXLESA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[5-methyl-2-[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]-1-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrido[4,3-b]indol-6-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(N=CN1)CN2CCC3=C(C2=O)C4=C(N3C)C(=CC=C4)O[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O5)C(=O)O)O)O)O SKRURAREEIQZDM-BPDSMXLESA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 4-[[(3ar,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13as)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-[(5-methylpyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]-2-oxo-1-propan-2-yl-4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-dodecahydro-3h-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl]oxy]-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@@]12CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@H]5C(C)(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C(O)=O)CC[C@]5(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@H]3C1=C(C(C2)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)C1=CN=CC(C)=C1 QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJCKISCWHDATBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-5-chloro-n-[(1-ethyl-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-yl)methyl]-2-methoxybenzamide Chemical compound CCN1CCN=C1CNC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(N)C=C1OC MJCKISCWHDATBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHSSDEDRBUKTQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-prop-2-enyl-4,5,7,8-tetrahydrothiazolo[4,5-d]azepin-2-amine Chemical compound C1CN(CC=C)CCC2=C1N=C(N)S2 DHSSDEDRBUKTQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- JSWZEAMFRNKZNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1c(CN(CCc2c3c(cccc4)c4[n]2C)C3=O)nc[nH]1 Chemical compound Cc1c(CN(CCc2c3c(cccc4)c4[n]2C)C3=O)nc[nH]1 JSWZEAMFRNKZNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000002881 Colic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010009895 Colitis ischaemic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- XADCESSVHJOZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meperidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1(C(=O)OCC)CCN(C)CC1 XADCESSVHJOZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUKZPHOXUVCQOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl)-6-chloro-4-methyl-3-oxo-1,4-benzoxazine-8-carboxamide Chemical compound C1N(CC2)CCC2C1NC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC2=C1OCC(=O)N2C WUKZPHOXUVCQOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039897 Sedation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000935 antidepressant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005513 antidepressants Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006793 arrhythmia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950005951 azasetron Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000133 brain stem Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940112822 chewing gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000112 colonic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000517 death Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004192 diphenoxylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HYPPXZBJBPSRLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenoxylate Chemical compound C1CC(C(=O)OCC)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCN1CCC(C#N)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 HYPPXZBJBPSRLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940000406 drug candidate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008482 dysregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002895 emetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010235 enterohepatic circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- MHNNVDILNTUWNS-XYYAHUGASA-N indisetron Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)N[C@H]3C[C@H]4CN(C[C@@H](C3)N4C)C)=NNC2=C1 MHNNVDILNTUWNS-XYYAHUGASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950007467 indisetron Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000008222 ischemic colitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RWXRJSRJIITQAK-ZSBIGDGJSA-N itasetron Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2NC(=O)N1C(=O)N[C@H](C1)C[C@H]2CC[C@@H]1N2C RWXRJSRJIITQAK-ZSBIGDGJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950007654 itasetron Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008141 laxative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125722 laxative agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100001231 less toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950002371 lintopride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012669 liquid formulation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001571 loperamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RDOIQAHITMMDAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N loperamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C(=O)N(C)C)CCN(CC1)CCC1(O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RDOIQAHITMMDAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- RONZAEMNMFQXRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N mirtazapine Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CN=C2N2CCN(C)CC2C2=CC=CC=C21 RONZAEMNMFQXRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001785 mirtazapine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003402 opiate agonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037324 pain perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008058 pain sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000482 pethidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009521 phase II clinical trial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009522 phase III clinical trial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZUGVYAVSPOHDQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrido[4,3-b]indol-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C3C(=O)N=CC=C3N=C21 ZUGVYAVSPOHDQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTHPAPBPFQJABD-LLVKDONJSA-N ramosetron Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2N(C)C=C1C(=O)[C@H]1CC(NC=N2)=C2CC1 NTHPAPBPFQJABD-LLVKDONJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950001588 ramosetron Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036280 sedation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940076279 serotonin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000050 smooth muscle relaxant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021055 solid food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003204 tranquilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002936 tranquilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003688 tropisetron Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UIVFDCIXTSJXBB-ITGUQSILSA-N tropisetron Chemical compound C1=CC=C[C]2C(C(=O)O[C@H]3C[C@H]4CC[C@@H](C3)N4C)=CN=C21 UIVFDCIXTSJXBB-ITGUQSILSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036325 urinary excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/06—Anti-spasmodics, e.g. drugs for colics, esophagic dyskinesia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/10—Laxatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/12—Antidiarrhoeals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D451/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane or granatane alkaloids, scopolamine; Cyclic acetals thereof
- C07D451/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane or granatane alkaloids, scopolamine; Cyclic acetals thereof containing 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane ring systems, e.g. granatane, 2-aza-adamantane; Cyclic acetals thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本出願は2002年1月18日出願の米国仮出願第60/350,504号の恩典を主張する。
過敏性腸症候群(IBS)は、腸の運動、感覚およびCNS機能の調節不全によると考えられる最も一般的な胃腸障害の一つである。米国においては、推定有病率は15%から20%で、患者の75%は女性である。その有病率にもかかわらず、IBSはあまり理解されていない。これは確認可能な構造上または生化学的異常によって説明できない、20を超える機能的胃腸(GI)障害の一つである。IBSは下痢および/または便秘を伴う腹痛の持続性または反復性症状によって特徴付けられる。IBSは運動性の異常および/または中枢神経系によって仲介される求心性の感受性における異常に関係すると考えられる。IBSを有する患者は生活の質が低下し、多大な健康管理資源を利用している。
本発明は、有用で新規な5-HT3アンタゴニストおよび使用法を提供する。本発明は本発明の化合物の合成法も提供する。具体的態様において、本発明は過敏性腸症候群の治療法も提供する。
本発明は新規5-HT3受容体アンタゴニストを提供する。好ましい態様において、本発明の5-HT3アンタゴニストは加水分解酵素によって一次不活性代謝物へと不活化することができる。
1. 本発明の化合物はCYP450および非酸化的代謝酵素または酵素系の両方によって代謝される;
2. 本発明の化合物は短い(4時間まで)非酸化的代謝半減期を有する;
3. 化合物の経口生物利用能は標準の薬学的経口製剤を用いての経口投与と一致するが、化合物およびその組成物は、経時的に一定で、制御可能な血中レベルが得られる、任意の送達系を用いて投与することもできる;
4. 本発明の化合物は加水分解酵素によって非酸化的に切断することができる加水分解可能な結合を含む;
5. 本発明の化合物は小規模および大規模化学合成の標準的技術を用いて製造することができる;
6. 本発明の化合物の一次代謝物は化合物の非酸化的代謝によって生じる;
7. 一次代謝物は、親薬物の水溶性に関係なく、生理的pHで水溶性であり、親化合物に比べて著しく低い薬理活性を有する;
8. 一次代謝物は、親薬物の電気生理学的性質に関係なく、親薬物の通常の治療的血漿濃度でIKR(HERG)チャネルにおいて無視できる阻害活性を有する(例えば、IKRチャネルで活性が観察される前には、代謝物の濃度は親化合物の通常の治療濃度よりも少なくとも五倍高くなければならない);
9. 本発明の化合物、ならびにその代謝物は、他の薬物と同時投与した場合に、代謝的DDIを引き起こさない;
10. 本発明の化合物、ならびにその代謝物は、単独で投与した場合に、LFT値を上昇させない。
Claims (23)
- 下記からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つの特徴を有する5-HT3受容体アンタゴニスト:
a. 化合物がCYP450および非酸化的代謝酵素または酵素系の両方によって代謝される;
b. 化合物が短い(4時間まで)非酸化的代謝半減期を有する;
c. 化合物が、加水分解酵素によって非酸化的に切断されうる加水分解可能な結合を含む;
d. 化合物の一次代謝物が化合物の非酸化的代謝によって生じる;
e. 一次代謝物が生理的pHで水溶性である;
f. 一次代謝物が、親薬物の通常の治療的血漿濃度でIKR(HERG)チャネルにおいて無視できる阻害活性を有する;
g. 化合物、ならびにその代謝物が、他の薬物と同時投与された場合に代謝的DDIを引き起こさない;および
h. 化合物、ならびにその代謝物が、単独で投与された場合にLFT値を上昇させない。 - 下記からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つの特徴を有する5-HT3受容体アンタゴニストを含む、薬学的組成物であって、薬学的担体をさらに含む組成物:
a. 化合物がCYP450および非酸化的代謝酵素または酵素系の両方によって代謝される;
b. 化合物が短い(4時間まで)非酸化的代謝半減期を有する;
c. 化合物が、加水分解酵素によって非酸化的に切断されうる加水分解可能な結合を含む;
d. 化合物の一次代謝物が化合物の非酸化的代謝によって生じる;
e. 一次代謝物が生理的pHで水溶性である;
f. 一次代謝物が、親薬物の通常の治療的血漿濃度でIKR(HERG)チャネルにおいて無視できる阻害活性を有する;
g. 化合物、ならびにその代謝物が、他の薬物と同時投与された場合に代謝的DDIを引き起こさない;および
h. 化合物、ならびにその代謝物が、単独で投与された場合にLFT値を上昇させない。 - 5-HT3活性を遮断する治療を必要としている患者において5-HT3活性を遮断する方法であって、該患者に下記の特徴の少なくとも一つを有する5-HT3遮断化合物を投与する段階を含む方法:
a. 化合物がCYP450および非酸化的代謝酵素または酵素系の両方によって代謝される;
b. 化合物が短い(4時間まで)非酸化的代謝半減期を有する;
c. 化合物が、加水分解酵素によって非酸化的に切断されうる加水分解可能な結合を含む;
d. 化合物の一次代謝物が化合物の非酸化的代謝によって生じる;
e. 一次代謝物が生理的pHで水溶性である;
f. 一次代謝物が、親薬物の通常の治療的血漿濃度でIKR(HERG)チャネルにおいて無視できる阻害活性を有する;
g. 化合物、ならびにその代謝物が、他の薬物と同時投与された場合に代謝的DDIを引き起こさない;および
h. 化合物、ならびにその代謝物が、単独で投与された場合にLFT値を上昇させない。 - 患者がヒトである、請求項15記載の方法。
- 過敏性腸症候群を治療するために用いられる、請求項15記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US35050402P | 2002-01-18 | 2002-01-18 | |
PCT/US2003/001876 WO2003061657A1 (en) | 2002-01-18 | 2003-01-21 | 5-ht3 receptor antagonists and methods of use |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005523892A true JP2005523892A (ja) | 2005-08-11 |
Family
ID=27613396
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003561601A Pending JP2005523892A (ja) | 2002-01-18 | 2003-01-21 | 5−ht3受容体アンタゴニストおよび使用法 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US6770655B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1465629B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2005523892A (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE356623T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003210610B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2473392A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60312474T2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2281646T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003061657A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011510932A (ja) * | 2008-01-25 | 2011-04-07 | メディベイション テクノロジーズ, インコーポレイテッド | 新規2,3,4,5−テトラヒドロ−1H−ピリド[4,3−b]インドール化合物およびその使用方法 |
JP2014101389A (ja) * | 2008-01-25 | 2014-06-05 | Medivation Technologies Inc | 新規2,3,4,5−テトラヒドロ−1H−ピリド[4,3−b]インドール化合物およびその使用方法 |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7049326B2 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2006-05-23 | The University Of Toledo | Method and compositions for temporarily incapacitating subjects |
GB0216027D0 (en) | 2002-07-10 | 2002-08-21 | Arachnova Therapeutics Ltd | New therapeutic use |
US20040048874A1 (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2004-03-11 | Bardsley Hazel Judith | New therapeutic use of 4-(2-fluorophenyl)-6-methyl-2-(1-piperazinyl)thieno[2,3-D]pyrimidine |
EP1465629B1 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2007-03-14 | Aryx Therapeutics | 5-ht3 receptor antagonists and methods of use |
EP1558081A4 (en) * | 2003-01-13 | 2006-06-14 | Dynogen Pharmaceuticals Inc | METHOD OF TREATING FUNCTIONAL INTESTINAL DISORDERS |
EP1567163B1 (en) | 2003-01-13 | 2007-04-11 | Dynogen Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Method of treating nausea, vomiting, retching or any combination thereof |
ES2290741T3 (es) * | 2003-04-04 | 2008-02-16 | Dynogen Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Metodo de tratamiento de trastornos del tracto urinario inferior. |
WO2006005613A1 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2006-01-19 | Novartis Ag | Combination of dpp-iv inhibitors and compounds modulating 5-ht3 and/or 5-ht4 receptors |
WO2006105117A2 (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2006-10-05 | Dynogen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Method of treating disorders and conditions using peripherally-restricted antagonists and inhibitors |
MX2010012807A (es) * | 2008-05-29 | 2010-12-21 | Albany Molecular Res Inc | Moduladores del rceptor 5-hidroxitriptamina 3, metodos de fabricacion y uso de los mismos. |
JP5955767B2 (ja) | 2009-05-20 | 2016-07-20 | インセルム(インスティチュート ナショナル デ ラ サンテ エ デ ラ リシェルシェ メディカル) | 損傷性前庭障害の処置における使用のためのセロトニン5−ht3受容体拮抗薬 |
ES2432618T3 (es) | 2009-05-20 | 2013-12-04 | Inserm (Institut National De La Santé Et De La Recherche Medicale) | Antagonistas del receptor 5-HT3 de serotonina para usar en el tratamiento o prevención de una patología del oído interno con déficit vestibular |
JP2014505737A (ja) | 2011-02-18 | 2014-03-06 | メディベイション テクノロジーズ, インコーポレイテッド | 糖尿病を処置する化合物および方法 |
US9907786B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-03-06 | Ions Pharmaceutical S.À R.L. | Therapeutic compositions containing harmine and isovanillin components, and methods of use thereof |
US10092550B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-10-09 | Ions Pharmaceutical S.À R.L. | Therapeutic compositions containing curcumin, harmine, and isovanillin components, and methods of use thereof |
US10659046B2 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2020-05-19 | Intel Corporation | Local cell-level power gating switch |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GR871809B (en) * | 1986-11-28 | 1988-03-07 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Process for the preparation of tricyclic ketones |
US5202343A (en) * | 1986-11-28 | 1993-04-13 | Glaxo Group Limited | Tricyclic ketones useful as HT3 -receptor antagonists |
GB2209335B (en) | 1987-09-03 | 1991-05-29 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Lactam derivatives |
HU207078B (en) * | 1988-08-02 | 1993-03-01 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Process for producing lactam derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds |
FI92067C (fi) | 1988-08-02 | 1994-09-26 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Menetelmä valmistaa terapeuttisesti aktiivisia mono- tai disubstituoituja (imidatsol-4-yyli)metyylipyrido/4,3-b/indol- ja atsepino/4,3-b/indol-1-oneja |
GB9106571D0 (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1991-05-15 | Erba Carlo Spa | Derivatives of substituted imidazol-2-one and process for their preparation |
GB9721139D0 (en) | 1997-10-07 | 1997-12-03 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Medicaments |
OA11622A (en) | 1998-03-31 | 2004-09-16 | Inst For Pharm Discovery Inc | Substituted indolealkanoic acids. |
EP1465629B1 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2007-03-14 | Aryx Therapeutics | 5-ht3 receptor antagonists and methods of use |
-
2003
- 2003-01-21 EP EP03732034A patent/EP1465629B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-21 AU AU2003210610A patent/AU2003210610B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-01-21 JP JP2003561601A patent/JP2005523892A/ja active Pending
- 2003-01-21 ES ES03732034T patent/ES2281646T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-21 DE DE60312474T patent/DE60312474T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-21 CA CA002473392A patent/CA2473392A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-21 US US10/348,669 patent/US6770655B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-21 AT AT03732034T patent/ATE356623T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-01-21 WO PCT/US2003/001876 patent/WO2003061657A1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2004
- 2004-05-28 US US10/857,108 patent/US7125886B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-10-20 US US11/551,562 patent/US7501436B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011510932A (ja) * | 2008-01-25 | 2011-04-07 | メディベイション テクノロジーズ, インコーポレイテッド | 新規2,3,4,5−テトラヒドロ−1H−ピリド[4,3−b]インドール化合物およびその使用方法 |
JP2014101389A (ja) * | 2008-01-25 | 2014-06-05 | Medivation Technologies Inc | 新規2,3,4,5−テトラヒドロ−1H−ピリド[4,3−b]インドール化合物およびその使用方法 |
US9115137B2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2015-08-25 | Medivation Technologies, Inc. | 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-B]indole compounds and methods of use thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070197580A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
CA2473392A1 (en) | 2003-07-31 |
ATE356623T1 (de) | 2007-04-15 |
EP1465629B1 (en) | 2007-03-14 |
US7125886B2 (en) | 2006-10-24 |
ES2281646T3 (es) | 2007-10-01 |
EP1465629A1 (en) | 2004-10-13 |
DE60312474D1 (de) | 2007-04-26 |
WO2003061657A1 (en) | 2003-07-31 |
US6770655B2 (en) | 2004-08-03 |
DE60312474T2 (de) | 2007-12-06 |
US20040220246A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
US20030158221A1 (en) | 2003-08-21 |
US7501436B2 (en) | 2009-03-10 |
AU2003210610B2 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7501436B2 (en) | 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and methods of use | |
FI114475B (fi) | Menetelmä uusien terapeuttisesti käyttökelpoisten kinuklidiinijohdannaisten valmistamiseksi | |
AU2003210610A1 (en) | 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and methods of use | |
KR20240125709A (ko) | 신경계 질환 또는 장애를 치료하기 위한 vmat2 억제제 | |
CN102143752B (zh) | Pde10抑制剂以及相关组合物和方法 | |
PL190374B1 (pl) | Środek farmaceutyczny i zastosowanie olanzapiny | |
JP2002516864A (ja) | 両極性疾患の処置のための組合せ治療 | |
WO2007097197A1 (ja) | アミド誘導体またはその塩 | |
KR20190140968A (ko) | Vmat2 억제제 화합물 및 그의 조성물 | |
EA006604B1 (ru) | Сочетание агониста (5-ht2) и антагониста (5-ht6) серотонина в качестве фармацевтической композиции | |
CN101646650B (zh) | 亚型选择性氮杂二环烷烃衍生物 | |
JP2002516282A (ja) | 難治性鬱病の処置のための組合せ治療 | |
US8212044B2 (en) | Benzothiazole derivatives | |
AU775591B2 (en) | Anxiety method | |
CN101910170A (zh) | 用于治疗疾病的烟碱性乙酰胆碱受体的(1,4-二氮杂双环[3.2.2]壬-6-烯-4-基)-杂环基-甲酮配体 | |
CN113307791B (zh) | 嘧啶基哌嗪脲类trpv1拮抗/mor激动双靶点化合物及其制备方法和应用 | |
JP2018508556A (ja) | 有機化合物 | |
CN102015697B (zh) | 酰胺衍生物以及含有该酰胺衍生物的药物组合物 | |
CN101223158B (zh) | N-二羟基烷基取代2-氧代咪唑衍生物 | |
AU673747B2 (en) | Use of N-(pyridinyl)-1H-indole-1-amines for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorders | |
CN102741239A (zh) | 作为α4β2烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体配体的双环化合物 | |
CN118510544A (zh) | 大麻素类的磷酸酯前药 | |
SK6772001A3 (en) | Benzoxazole derivatives and drugs containing the same as the active ingredient | |
ES2207171T3 (es) | Derivados de azetidina carboxamida para tratar trastornos del sistema nervioso central. | |
KR20040007425A (ko) | 불안 및 공황 장애를 치료하기 위한 비펩티드 봄베신수용체 길항물질의 신규 용도 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20060117 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20060117 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20090722 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20091021 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20091028 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20100121 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20100215 |