JP2005514543A - Foundation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A building foundation structure has a supporting and heat and moisture insulating layer (17, 18, 40), preferably of foam glass. The layer rests on a flat and horizontal surface (51) of a ground layer (50). A metallic foil (111) covers the horizontal area of the foundation structure in order to prevent moisture and smell from propagating upwardly through the supporting and heat and moisture insulating layer (17, 18, 40).

Description

  The invention relates to a building foundation of the kind defined in the preamble of claim 1. More particularly, the present invention relates to a foundation structure supported on the ground. Normally, the ground is drained and covers the flat and level surface of the ground with a layer that breaks the capillary action of the material, such as crushed stone. Here, the material has a particle size of 2-4 mm.

  The foundation supported by the ground is not only an experience, but also a long-term foundation that has the danger of allowing moisture to move through the foundation structure and into the interior of the building assembled on top of the foundation. It was known from the study. In addition, the odor tends to penetrate through the foundation. It was found that the odor of the soil itself, the “jasmine” fragrance, tends to spread gradually through the known basic structure.

  In addition to being impervious to odors / fragrances, the foundation structure needs to be built quickly and inexpensively, and the structure's impermeability must meet the need to be well integrated with the foundation structure is necessary.

  Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a generally odor / fragrance impermeable base structure that can be easily constructed from a lightweight element to a desired size. A foil that retains its integrity for a very long period of time in the environment in which it is placed and does not pass through the jasmine fragrance, for example 100 to hundreds of years, is on a support surface above the ground, preferably in a horizontal layer. Placed on top. Foil is often exposed to environmental condensate or ground moisture, often containing relatively acidic or aggressive substances. It is therefore particularly appropriate to choose a metal foil material that can withstand such an environment for a long time while retaining its impermeability to jasmine aroma.

  When a metal foil, for example Al foil, is placed directly directly on a horizontal soil layer and placed in direct contact with the particulate matter in the layer, the load applied by the building structure via the foundation elements In order to ensure that the foil does not penetrate when exposed to and in close contact with a horizontal surface, the foil preferably has a relatively large thickness, for example on the order of 0.1-1 mm. Have. At such a thickness, the metal foil can be obtained / supplied in the form of a roll, unwound at the site of the foundation structure from the roll and placed on the foundation area. The foil has excellent tear strength and minimizes the risk of breaking the foil when laid out. For practical reasons, if the width of the foil is smaller than the width of the foundation structure, it is located adjacent to it in the lengthwise direction of the foil, eg overlapping, non-foil layout for odor / fragrance Permeability can be guaranteed. The overlapped foil has a width applied in this respect and can include a strip or layer of adhesive, an adhesive tape or an easily deformable foil, preferably an elastic foil, which is substantially The foil has a width in the width direction, which ensures that odor and aroma impermeability are achieved over a wide area in the direction of air leakage. One overlapping joint between adjacent strips of Al foil is usually sufficient. This is because such joints are usually pressurized along their entire length. For example, to prevent sand / particles from entering into the overlapping joint between adjacent strips of Al foil, the horizontal surface can, of course, be covered with plastic foil prior to placing the metal foil. In one embodiment of the invention, the Al foil can be laminated with a plastic foil, if desired, for example from a handling viewpoint. However, the relatively thick, deodorant foil used in the present invention, preferably an aluminum foil, can maintain its integrity for extended periods in environments that are often aggressive. The majority of plastic foils lose their integrity in the environment over the same period.

  In another embodiment of the invention, a deodorizing foil, such as an Al foil, can of course be placed between the two layers of insulation included in the substructure. In that case, the Al foil may be thinner because the thermal insulation defines a smooth and flat support surface on which the roll is unwound.

  The object of the invention is achieved. While the invention is defined in the independent claims, further embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

  In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the ground is first drained and then a substance that breaks capillarity on its surface, for example crushed stone with a particle size of 2-4 mm, is placed on the surface, after which the layer is smoothed. A flat and level surface is created.

  A pre-made standard size, e.g., a rectangular sheet of cellular insulating material, e.g., a 50 mm thick foammglas <(R)> sheet, is placed firmly on each other in a first layer on the crushed stone. Additional layers of such sheets can optionally be placed intimately joined to each other on the first layer, and the connection between adjacent sheets of the second layer is the first layer. Offset with respect to concatenation. When connecting sheets together, efforts are made to achieve a fluid-tight connection. Cellular insulating material preferably provides the absolute minimum of foamlas, or water adsorption or absorption, and is also highly pressure resistant, resistant to pests, effectively insulated and does not propagate heat , Some other substance.

  Preferably, the insulating layer is surrounded by a frame whose elements consist of sheet metal U-beams, with the concave side of each beam facing towards the interior of the foundation element. The area inside the frame is filled with a pressure-resistant insulation, for example two overlapping insulating layers (2 × 100 mm foamlas) in the form of cells. By mounting a sheet metal I-beam in the frame parallel to one of the frame U beams, the frame of the foundation element can be stabilized. The sheet metal beams of the foundation elements are mechanically connected in a way that stabilizes the elements. The foundation element may have a thickness of, for example, 200 mm. Using U-beams and eye-beams for the base element means that the cellular insulating sheet is coupled to the beam along the shape by inserting those sheet portions adjacent to the beam into their recesses. means. In addition, the horizontal flange at the top of the beam provides anchor points to the building wall structure built on top of the foundation structure. The building structure may be of the type having the form of a prefabricated box, usually produced in a factory located away from the foundation structure. Alternatively, the foundation elements can be placed separately on the foundation structure, and then a loose wooden structure or a wooden house can be mounted on the foundation element and anchored to its sheet metal flange.

  Even in the case of sealing foils with a low odor transmission capacity, such as plastic foils, in practice the foils still allow the passage of odors and fragrances, so it is possible to use a sealing layer made of metal alloy or metal preferable.

  As far as we know, aluminum foil provides the desired impermeability to fragrances, even as thick as 0.01 mm. A thicker foil, of course, provides greater security in this respect and further facilitates the construction of the foundation structure. This is because this type of foil is supplied in roll form, from which the foil strip can be unwound, flattened and then placed on the foundation structure.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings;
FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the basic structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows an overview of the overlapping connection between two strips of foil made of a fragrance-impermeable material.
FIG. 3 illustrates a modification of the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the structure of FIG.
5, 6 and 7 are respective views of the frame elements in the frame structure that can be included in the foundation structure;
FIG. 8 also illustrates an embodiment of a sheet with a sealing foil pre-adapted.

  Referring to FIG. 1, the site of the foundation structure has a drained formation 50, which is made of or covered by a capillarity barrier, preferably crushed or broken stone, and an upper surface 51 of the barrier 50. Is essentially flat and horizontal.

  Above the surface 51 is placed an aluminum foil or metal sheet 111, which has a preferred thickness of at least 0.1 mm, more preferably 0.3-0.5 mm. On the foil 111, a layer of heat insulating material, preferably foamglas, is provided. Foamlas sheets 40 are connected together and placed on the foil 111. The sheet 40 is stabilized at least with the help of the frame 31 surrounding the interconnected sheets 40.

  If the foil 111 is obtained in the form of a strip having a width smaller than the width of the foundation structure, the foil strip is arranged with an overlap connection 112. In order to minimize the risk of odors being propagated vertically through the interconnected foils 111, a sealing layer, for example a durable adhesive, can be applied across the width direction of the connection. .

  Alternatively, a sealed connection can be established with the help of a bond, adhesive tape or the like.

  FIG. 3 shows that a layer of insulation 17, for example sheets of foamlass connected to each other, is placed on the surface 51 of the capillary barrier, an aluminum foil is placed on the layer 17 and then on the foil 111. After being established by the seat 40 and the frame 31, the foundation layer is laid.

  FIG. 4 illustrates a variant in which a further layer 18 of the sheet 10 interconnected at each edge is placed on the foil 111 and then a frame with the sheet 40 is placed on the layer 18.

  The frame 31 surrounds the foundation layer built by the seat 40 and holds the foundation structure together in a horizontal plane, which provides the anchor location for the supported building. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the exposed part of the edge of the seat 40 can be a recess to receive the legs of the generally U-shaped frame element 32 (FIG. 5). In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the frame element 32 has approximately the same height as the seat 40. However, the top and bottom surfaces of the sheet are slightly recessed and can receive the legs of the frame element 32. FIG. 6 shows that the I-beam 37 can be placed in the connection between adjacent sheets 40. The sheet has a recess in the connecting portion for receiving the I-beam flange, so that the eye beam can have the same height as the sheet 40. However, it is preferred that the free distance of the frame element between the flanges corresponds to the thickness of the sheet of insulation. The flange on the frame element has a thin thickness (eg 1 mm thick). Also, their position above the main surface of the sheet usually does not cause problems.

  The frame 31 is generally rectangular in shape and is a straight U that is connected to each other in the corner area of the frame by rivets, screw connections, glues, or corresponding fastening means between the overlapping leg portions of the sheet metal profile. -Comprises a sheet metal profile of the shape, which are thin metal plates of substantially the same dimensions and have a thin material thickness (eg 1 mm thick).

  It can be seen from FIG. 6 that the tension bars 43 extend between the elements of the frame 31 and can hold the frame elements together in a horizontal plane.

  It will be appreciated that the frame 31 together with the insulation sheet 40 can form an integral part of the prefabricated box unit. The foundation structure can be completed by placing such a prefabricated box unit on the foundation structure and supplementing any part of the foundation that can be previously mounted at the site of the foundation structure. Here, the prefabricated box units are connected together to form the body of the building on the foundation structure.

  Of course, the foundation structure can be built in the manner shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 where the building framework can be assembled according to loose timber or block technology and anchored to the frame structure. it can.

  Improvements to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 may include additional frames that hold all other thermal insulation layers and possible intermediate and outer foil / metal sheets 111.

  One of the thermal insulation layers (17, 18) can preferably be formed by a rectangular thermal insulation element 10 interconnected along their edges. One main surface of each element 10 can be covered with a piece of metal foil 11, which is preferably an aluminum foil. The pieces of metal foil 11 on the element 10 are hermetically bonded with overlapping connections. For example, the metal foil strips 12 are joined by overlapping them along their respective bonds on the foil sides of adjacent elements. Alternatively, the foil covering on each element 10 can have an edge portion 12, which protrudes beyond the edges of two adjacent edges and covers the edges of said adjacent elements. And overlap.

  Both layers 17, 18 can be bonded and formed with a pre-formed sheet 10 having foil covering 11. The two-layer sheet 10 is conveniently stretched so that its foil cladding 11 is in contact with each other and the insulating sheets 10 in layers 17 and 18 are separated by two adjacent layers of foil material. The foil cladding or covering on the sheet 10 can have the same composition as the foil 111 described above.

  Preferably, the connections between the sheets 10 in the respective layers 17, 18 are offset with respect to each other.

It is a vertical sectional view of the outline of the basic structure of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows an overview of the overlap connection between two strips of foil made of a fragrance-impermeable material. It is a figure which shows the deformation | transformation of the structure of FIG. FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the structure of FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram of frame elements in a frame structure that can be included in a foundation structure. FIG. 3 is a diagram of frame elements in a frame structure that can be included in a foundation structure. FIG. 3 is a diagram of frame elements in a frame structure that can be included in a foundation structure. FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a sheet with a sealing foil pre-adapted.

Claims (10)

A building foundation comprising a heat and moisture insulating layer (17, 18, 40) located on a flat horizontal surface (51), the area of the foundation being covered with a foil (111) of metallic material Building foundation structure characterized by 2. Substructure according to claim 1, characterized in that the foil (111) is located below the layer (17, 18, 40). The foil (11) is located directly on the surface (51), characterized in that the surface is preferably composed of a capillarity barrier layer consisting of crushed or broken stones. 2. Basic structure according to 2. 4. A substructure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the foil is an aluminum foil having a thickness of at least about 0.1 mm, preferably less than 1 mm, such as more preferably about 0.5 mm. Said layer (17, 18, 40) comprises at least two lateral layers (17, 18) of insulating material, and a metal foil (111) is sandwiched between two vertically adjacent insulating lateral layers. The foundation structure according to claim 1, wherein 6. Substructure according to claim 5, characterized in that the foil (111) has a thickness of at least 0.01 mm, preferably a thickness of at most 1 mm. 7. Substructure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by a frame (31) surrounding the layer at least in the upper part of the layer. The part of the frame (31) and the part of the heat and moisture insulation layer are each integrated into a prefab building box unit and together form a building framework on the structure when placed on the foundation structure The foundation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7. Each of the layers (17, 18) is formed by an interconnected sheet (10) of insulating material, one main surface of each sheet (10) being covered with a foil strip (11), the foil strip The foil material which (11) together forms the foil (111) described above, and the layers (17, 18) hold the foil pieces (11) on their opposite sides, preferably aluminum. The strips (12) are hermetically connected with foil covering or cladding (11) on adjacent sheets (10) in at least one layer (17, 18), and in each layer (17, 18). Base structure according to claim 5, wherein the connection between the plurality of sheets (10) is offset from one another. A strip (12) is formed by the edge portion (12) of the sheet covering foil that extends along the two adjacent edges beyond the edge portion of each sheet (10) and protrudes outside the foil covering. The foundation structure according to claim 1, wherein the edge portion (12) causes an overlap with the adjacent edge portion of the foil covering (11) of the adjacent sheet.

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