JP2005512322A - バリア層接着が改善された配線 - Google Patents
バリア層接着が改善された配線 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005512322A JP2005512322A JP2003550266A JP2003550266A JP2005512322A JP 2005512322 A JP2005512322 A JP 2005512322A JP 2003550266 A JP2003550266 A JP 2003550266A JP 2003550266 A JP2003550266 A JP 2003550266A JP 2005512322 A JP2005512322 A JP 2005512322A
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- Prior art keywords
- nitrogen
- layer
- tantalum
- fluorine
- dielectric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 99
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- GDMRBHLKSYSMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [F].O=[Si] Chemical compound [F].O=[Si] GDMRBHLKSYSMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 5
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 tungsten nitride Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NTQGILPNLZZOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilicon Chemical compound [Si]#[Si] NTQGILPNLZZOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003209 poly(hydridosilsesquioxane) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000412 polyarylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000132059 Carica parviflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004938 FOx® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910008807 WSiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGACIEPFGXRWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ti] Chemical compound [Si].[Ti] UGACIEPFGXRWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005224 laser annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000052 poly(p-xylylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical class [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWEYZGSCHQNNEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tantalum Chemical compound [Si].[Ta] HWEYZGSCHQNNEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNUPENMBHHEARK-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tungsten Chemical compound [Si].[W] WNUPENMBHHEARK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 1
- MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium tungsten Chemical compound [Ti].[W] MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76843—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric
- H01L21/76846—Layer combinations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/56—After-treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/76802—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics
- H01L21/76814—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics post-treatment or after-treatment, e.g. cleaning or removal of oxides on underlying conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/76822—Modification of the material of dielectric layers, e.g. grading, after-treatment to improve the stability of the layers, to increase their density etc.
- H01L21/76825—Modification of the material of dielectric layers, e.g. grading, after-treatment to improve the stability of the layers, to increase their density etc. by exposing the layer to particle radiation, e.g. ion implantation, irradiation with UV light or electrons etc.
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/76822—Modification of the material of dielectric layers, e.g. grading, after-treatment to improve the stability of the layers, to increase their density etc.
- H01L21/76828—Modification of the material of dielectric layers, e.g. grading, after-treatment to improve the stability of the layers, to increase their density etc. thermal treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/76829—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing characterised by the formation of thin functional dielectric layers, e.g. dielectric etch-stop, barrier, capping or liner layers
- H01L21/76831—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing characterised by the formation of thin functional dielectric layers, e.g. dielectric etch-stop, barrier, capping or liner layers in via holes or trenches, e.g. non-conductive sidewall liners
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
- H01L23/522—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
- H01L23/5226—Via connections in a multilevel interconnection structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
- H01L23/522—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
- H01L23/532—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body characterised by the materials
- H01L23/53204—Conductive materials
- H01L23/53209—Conductive materials based on metals, e.g. alloys, metal silicides
- H01L23/53228—Conductive materials based on metals, e.g. alloys, metal silicides the principal metal being copper
- H01L23/53238—Additional layers associated with copper layers, e.g. adhesion, barrier, cladding layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/76802—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics
- H01L21/76807—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics for dual damascene structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
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- H01L2924/01029—Copper [Cu]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/30—Technical effects
- H01L2924/301—Electrical effects
- H01L2924/3011—Impedance
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Abstract
Description
従来の半導体デバイスは、半導体基板、典型的には、ドーピングされた単結晶シリコン、連続して形成される複数の中間層誘電体、および導体のパターンを有する。 集積回路は、配線間スペーシングによって隔てられた複数の配線パターンと、バス線、ビット線、ワード線、論理配線のような複数の配線を含んで形成される。
一般的に、例えば上位層と下位層のような異なる層上における導体パターンは、ビアホールに充填された導体プラグによって電気的に接続され、一方、コンタクトホールに充填された導電性プラグは、半導体基板の内部または基板上で形成されるトランジスタのソース/ドレイン領域のような能動素子領域との電気的なコンタクトを確立する。導電性の線路は、トレンチのような開口部の中に形成される。、典型的には、トレンチは、半導体基板に対して実質的に水平に延びる。
5レベル以上のメタライゼーション(金属被膜)を有する半導体「チップ」は、デバイス形状のサブミクロンレベルへの超小型化の要求を満たすために一般的になってきている。
サブミクロン技術では、配線ノードが相当な距離、例えば、数百ミクロン以上の距離をひきまわされるとすると、配線キャパシタンスによって回路ノード・キャパシタンスの装荷が制限される。サブミクロンデザインルールが約0.12ミクロン以下へと減少するのに伴い、集積回路速度の遅れによるリジェクト率によって、製造処理のスループットが著しく低下して製造コストが増加する。さらに、線路幅はが小さくなるにつれて、電導率及び耐エレクトロマイグレーション性の重要性が増してくる。
銅を覆うための一般的な拡散バリア材料としては、タンタル(Ta)、窒化タンタル(TaN)、窒化チタン(TiN)、チタン(Ti)、チタン・タングステン(TiW)、タングステン(W)、窒化タングステン(WN)、Ti−TiN、チタン窒化シリコン(TiSiN)、タングステン窒化シリコン(WSiN)、タンタル窒化シリコン(TaSiN)、および窒化シリコンが挙げられる。銅を覆うためのこれらバリア材料の使用は、銅と導体中間層間の界面に限定されるわけではなく、他の金属との界面にも適用できる。
信頼性の問題は、一部に、銅の金属加工過程におけるタンタル(Ta)と窒化タンタル(TaN)の使用、バリア層の選択に起因している。タンタルは、種々の誘電体中間層材料に対する接着性が十分でないことが判明しており、特に、誘電率の低い誘電材料中間層への接着性が十分でない。特に、フッ素含有酸化物、例えばフッ素(F)がドープされたオルトケイ酸塩(F−TEOS)由来のフッ素(F)含有シリコン酸化物のような、誘電率(k)が約3.9より小さい材料に対して接着性が十分ではない。バリア層の誘電体層への十分な接着を欠くことは、これに伴う信頼性の問題とともに、層間剥離という結果を引き起こす。窒化タンタルは、ダマシン開口部を充てんする銅(Cu)および銅(Cu)合金への接着の適切さを欠くことが判明している。さらに、タンタルと窒化タンタルは、一般には、イオン化物理的蒸着デポジション(PVD:physical vapor deposition)のようなPVD技術によって、デポジションされる。結果として生じたタンタル層は、一般的には、比較的高い比抵抗、例えば約200μオームcm〜約250μオームcmを示すβフェーズタンタル(β−Ta)である。窒化タンタルは、一般的に窒素(N2)含有率を約30at%〜55at%としてデポジションされ、200μオームcmを超える比抵抗を示す。
従って、以下の図面と記載は、説明目的のためであって、これに限定されるものではない。
この結果出来た複合バリア層は、誘電体材料と関連する傾斜濃度窒化タンタル層と、銅金属加工化と関連するαタンタル(α−Ta)層を含み、誘電体材料に対するβタンタル(β−Ta)の接着の悪さと、銅金属加工化に対する窒化タンタルの接着の悪さによって引き起こされた接着の問題を解決する。窒化タンタル層にタンタルがデポジションされることは、傾斜濃度窒化タンタル層がαタンタル(α−Ta)の増加のテンプレートとしての役目を担うので、結果としてβタンタル(β−Ta)の比抵抗約200〜約250μオームcmに対して、約40〜約50μオームcmを表す低い比抵抗を有するαタンタルを形成する利点がある。特に、イオン化スパッタ蒸着(ISD:ionized sputter deposition)のようなイオン化物理蒸着(PVD:physical vapor deposition)によってタンタルをデポジションすることが好ましいことが見いだされた。
窒化シリコン又はシリコンカーバイドのような中間エッチ停止層14がその上に形成される。低誘電率(k)材料を含有する誘電体層、例えばF−TEOS由来のフッ素ドープシリコン酸化物層のような、他の誘電体層15がその上にデポジションされる。その後、二重ダマシン開口部(16)が形成され、誘電体層13,15の露出表面17が残される。二重ダマシン開口部は、ビア形成後にトレンチ形成(via first-trench last)する技術、又はトレンチ形成後にビア形成(trench first-trench last)する技術の何れによっても形成されることが理解される。誘電体層13,15の露出した表面は、矢印18で示すようにパルス状レーザ光線を照射することによって、レーザ熱アニール処理に晒され、その結果、フッ素が減少し、窒素が濃縮される。
本発明の実施形態の使用に適した他の適切な低誘電率材料は、FOx(登録商標)(HSQベース)、XLK(登録商標)(HSQベース)、多孔質体SILK(登録商標)、芳香族炭化水素ポリマー(それぞれの材料はミシガン州ミッドランド市のダウ化学株式会社から入手可能:Dow Chemical Co.,Midland, MI):Coral(登録商標)、炭素ドープシリコン酸化物(カリフォルニア州サンノゼ市のノベラスシステム会社から入手可能:Novellus Systems, San Jose, CA)、シリコン−炭素−酸素−炭化水素(SiCOH)有機誘電体、Black-Diamond(登録商標)誘電体、Flare(登録商標)、有機ポリマー、HOSP(登録商標)、ハイブリッドシオロキサン有機ポリマー(hybrid sioloxane-organic polymer)、Nanoglassナノグラス(登録商標)、ナノ多孔質シリカ(個々の材料は、ハネウェル電気材料会社から入手可能)、オルトけい酸テトラエチル(TEOS)由来のハロゲンドープ(例えばフッ素ドープ)シリコン酸化物、フッ素ドープシリケートグラス(fluorine-doped silicate glass:FSG)を有する。
Claims (10)
- 誘電体層(15,13)に開口部(16)を形成する過程と、
窒素含有雰囲気で、前記誘電体層(15,13)の露出表面領域(17)にアニール処理(18)を実行する過程と、
タンタル(Ta)を含有し前記開口部を被覆する複合バリア層(20,21)を形成する過程と、を含む、半導体デバイスの製造方法。 - アンモニア(NH3)及び窒素(N2)を用いてレーザ熱アニール処理(18)を実行する過程を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記誘電体層(15,13)が、フッ素ドープオルトけい酸テトラエチル(F−TEOS)由来のフッ素含有シリコン酸化物を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- フッ素(F)が減少して窒素(N2)が濃縮された表面領域(19)を形成するため、前記露出表面にレーザ熱アニール処理(16)を実行する過程を含む、請求項2記載の方法。
- タンタル(Ta)のデポジションを行うことによって前記複合バリア層(20,21)を形成する過程を含み、
前記複合バリア層は、
前記窒素(N2)が濃縮された表面領域(19)上にに形成されるとともに前記窒素が濃縮された表面領域(19)から離れる方向で窒素(N2)量が減少するように窒素を含有する傾斜濃度窒化タンタル層と、
前記傾斜濃度窒化タンタル層(20)に形成されたαタンタル(α−Ta)層(21)と、
を含む、請求項1記載の方法。 - 温度を約370℃〜約430℃に上昇させるように約0.09〜約0.11ジュール/cm2の放射フルーエンスで前記露出表面にレーザ光線(18)を照射することによってレーザ熱アニール処理する過程を含む、請求項2記載の方法。
- タンタル(Ta)のデポジションを行うことによって前記複合バリア層(20,21)を形成する過程を有し、前記複合バリア層は、
前記窒素が濃縮された表面領域上に形成された傾斜濃度窒化タンタル層と、
前記窒素濃縮表面領域(19)から離れる方向で窒素(N2)量が減少するように窒素を含有する傾斜濃度窒化タンタル層と、
前記傾斜濃度窒化タンタル層上に形成されたαタンタル(α−Ta)層(21)と、を含む、請求項2記載の方法。 - 誘電体層(15,13)内に設けられた開口部と、
前記誘電体層の表面に形成されて前記開口部を被覆する複合バリア層(20,21)と、
前記誘電体層の前記表面は、窒素(N2)が濃縮された表面領域(19)を含み、前記複合バリア層は、
前記窒素(N2)濃縮表面領域(19)から離れる方向で窒素量が減少するように窒素(N2)を含有する初期傾斜濃度窒化タンタル層と、
前記傾斜濃度窒化タンタル層(21)に形成されたαタンタル(α−Ta)層と、を含む、半導体デバイス。 - 前記誘電体層(15,13)は、フッ素ドープオルトけい酸テトラエチル(F−TEOS)由来のフッ素含有シリコン酸化物を含む、
請求項11記載の半導体デバイス。 - 前記開口部は、上方トレンチにつながる下方ビアホールを含むデュアルダマシン開口部であり、
前記充てんされた開口部は、上方の銅又は銅合金ライン(23A)につながる銅又は銅合金ビア(23B)を含む、
請求項9記載の半導体デバイス。
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2002
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Patent Citations (5)
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JPH0258216A (ja) * | 1988-08-23 | 1990-02-27 | Sony Corp | 半導体集積回路装置の製造方法 |
JPH09162291A (ja) * | 1995-12-06 | 1997-06-20 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP2000323476A (ja) * | 1999-05-12 | 2000-11-24 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 配線構造およびその製造方法 |
JP2001053077A (ja) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-02-23 | Hitachi Ltd | 半導体集積回路装置およびその製造方法 |
JP2001230256A (ja) * | 2000-01-31 | 2001-08-24 | Motorola Inc | 半導体素子接着層構造および構造形成プロセス |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4740538B2 (ja) | 2011-08-03 |
US20040063310A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
EP1451858A1 (en) | 2004-09-01 |
KR100922420B1 (ko) | 2009-10-16 |
AU2002362062A1 (en) | 2003-06-17 |
EP1451858B1 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
KR101059968B1 (ko) | 2011-08-29 |
CN1599949A (zh) | 2005-03-23 |
WO2003049161A1 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
CN1316566C (zh) | 2007-05-16 |
US7071562B2 (en) | 2006-07-04 |
TWI265593B (en) | 2006-11-01 |
KR20090095680A (ko) | 2009-09-09 |
US6645853B1 (en) | 2003-11-11 |
TW200304202A (en) | 2003-09-16 |
KR20050044734A (ko) | 2005-05-12 |
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