JP2005508870A - 腫瘍学的目的のための体液中の骨シアロ蛋白(bonesialoprotein)の測定方法 - Google Patents
腫瘍学的目的のための体液中の骨シアロ蛋白(bonesialoprotein)の測定方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
ヒトの骨肉腫細胞系UMR−7,MHH−ES 1、乳癌細胞系MCF−7(エストロゲンレセプタ陽性)および骨から精製されたヒトのBSP(K−BSP)の血清を除去した上澄みが、10%ジェル上で、還元および変性させる条件下で、SDS−PAGEを使って分離され、電気泳動的にニトロセルロースに移された。薄膜は単クローン性のマウスの抗体と培養された。BSPの検出はペルオキシダーゼに結合した山羊の抗ネスミ抗体を通じて、また、X線フィルムの化学発光的検出によりなされた。結果を図1に示す。左側にマーカーの分子量とパスを示した。単一および2個の矢印の頭は骨/骨肉腫のBSPとMCF−7 BSPの異なるふるまいを示す。後者は追加的に高い分子量のバンド(三重の矢印)を含み、それは他のトラックには存在しない。このように、ある腫瘍細胞系からのBSPは、骨からのBSPおよび骨肉腫細胞系からのBSPよりも明らかに高い分子量を有し、これによってこれを越えてさらに高い分子量の第2のイソフォームが観察できる。
Karmatschekらによって記載された手順に従って患者から単離されたBSPに対してニワトリとウサギが免疫化された。
タマゴの黄身と血清、多クローン性免疫グロブリンが単離され、BSPの様々なペプチド部分構造に対する結合がELISAプロセスにより試された。表1はこのエピトープ地図の結果を示す。これにより、プロプレBPS(リーダー配列を含む)の全317のアミノ酸長のペプチド配列のペプチド部分構造が化学的に合成され、マイクロ滴定プレートに結合され、そのプレート上で抗体が培養された。抗IgY免疫グロブリンあるいは抗ウサギIgY免疫グロブリンとともにペルオキシダーゼと共同での培養と、それに続く基質としての色素体の変性を通しての酵素反応の後に、結合試験がなされた。
ThrGlyLeuAlaAla(位置125〜130) (3)
LeuLysArgPheProValGlnGlyGly (5)
プラスミドB6−5g(Fisher L.W.et al.,ヒトの骨シアロ蛋白.推定された蛋白配列および染色体の局限化,in J.Biol.Chem.,1990,265(4),2347−51)からヒトのBSPに対する完全なcDNA(シグナルペプチドを除く)がPCRにより増幅され、エピソームの(episomal)真核細胞の発現ベクターpCEP−Pu(Kohfeldt E et al.,プロテオグリカンテスティカン(proteoglycan testican)の細胞外のカルシウム結合モジュールの特性,in FEBS Lett.1997,414(3),557−61)中で複製された。プライマーは以下の(6)および(7)の通りだった。
5’GCCCGCTAGCCTTCTCAATGAAAAATTTGCATCG−3’ (6)
Not I BSP(アンチセンス):
5’−CAATGACTGCGGCCGCTCACTGGTGGTGGTAGTAATTC−3’’ (7)
−胚の腎臓細胞系EBNA−293
−骨肉腫細胞系SAOS−2およびMG−63
−ヒトの乳癌細胞系MCF−7
短命な細胞がトランスフェクションの後48時間、2日間の間血清のない媒体中で培養された。FCS中の蛋白が組換えBSPの精製をより困難にしないように、BSP発現細胞は、合流(confluence)の達成(attainment)の後、血清のない条件下で培養された。これらの条件下では、EBNA−293細胞のみが2〜4よりも長く生き残ることができた。組換えBSPの発現はSDS−PAGEおよび免疫ブトッロ法を通して監視された。
ヒトのBSPのアミノ酸配列は、位置88(NTT)、161(NGT)、166(NST)および174(NGS)の4つの潜在的Nアセチル化部位を含む。O−糖化に対して、同等の意見が一致した配列(comparable consensus sequence)は知られていない。全ての同定されたN−グリカン構造は、骨から単離されたBPS上および組換えEBNA−293 BSP上の両方に見つけられた。しかし、N−グリカンの総計におけるそれぞれの構造の百分率の割合には差があった。このように、骨のBSP N−グリカンの主要部分は、トリアンテナリー(triantenary)構造(58%)であり、EBNA細胞系ではテトラアンテナリー(tetraantenary)構造(48%)であった。
治療および免疫シンチグラフィのための抗BSP IgYを、より大量に精製するために、種々の方法が述べられている。AkitaおよびNakaiの方法(Akita E.M.et al.,腸毒素産生性E.coli株で免疫化されたニワトリのタマゴからの免疫グロブリンの生産のための4つの精製方法の比較,in J Immuol Methods.1993,160(2),207−14)は優先的に用いられている。
多クローン性のニワトリの抗体の骨基質中のBSPとのわずかな反応が、H因子との複合体中のBSPと反応するこれらの抗体の選択を通して排除できる。この目的のために、H因子またはBSPは、化学的に共有結合で結合しており、臭化シアンによって活性化されたSepharose 4Bを通して、骨から単離され、あるいは、遺伝子操作され、その後、多くのBSPあるいはH因子がカラムに適用され、結合されるので、基質中の全ての配位子が相手(partner)と複合化する。濾過された黄身抽出物は、それからこの親和力カラムに適用され、実施例4のように、BSP−H因子中の遊離したエピトープに特異的に結合する抗体の分画(fraction)が得られる。
抗BSP IgYは、ヒトの治療あるいは診断において弱点がある。無関係な蛋白反応などの側面に影響が予期され、生物学的な半減期はヒトの抗体と比べてたった12〜24時間にしか至らない。IgYは補体システムを活性化しない。
腫瘍細胞系MDA−MB−231(乳癌細胞系、エストロゲンレセプタ陽性)およびT−47−D(乳癌細胞系、エストロゲンレセプタ陽性)が、免疫沈殿バッファで抽出され、BSPがヒトのBSPに抗するウサギの多クローン性抗体混合物A0001で沈殿された。沈殿物は変性の後でSDSジェルに適用され、電気泳動にかけられ、蛋白はニトロセルロース薄膜に移動した。その後、続いて、抗BSPウサギ抗血清A001と単クローン性のマウスの抗BSP抗体(BSP1.2)で免疫着色し、それによって第2の抗体として、ウサギのIgGおよびマウスのIgGに抗するヤギの抗体のペルオキシダーゼ抱合体が採用された。A、Bの両ブロットで、免疫沈殿BSPのバンドは70000ダルトンにおいて明瞭に識別できた。
先立つ浸透(permeablisation)の有りおよび無しの両方で、系T−47−DおよびMDA−MB−231のヒトの乳癌細胞が、免疫蛍光法的に(immunofluorescently)蛍光と共役した(conjugated)ウサギの抗ブタBSP抗体とヤギの抗ウサギ抗体とでマークされた。浸透の後、蛍光的にマークされたBSPは両細胞系で識別できる。浸透無しでは、T−47−D細胞系のみで、BSPは免疫蛍光法により証明できた。
腫瘍細胞系MDA−MB−231(乳癌細胞系、エストロゲンレセプタ陰性)、MCF−7(乳癌細胞系、エストロゲンレセプタ陽性)、T−47−D(乳癌細胞系、エストロゲンレセプタ陽性)および参照細胞としてのヒトの線維芽細胞(HGF)から、mRNAが単離され、逆トランスクリプターゼによって相補的cDNAが生成され、BSPの特異的なプライマー(promer)を持つPCRにより、BSP−cDNAが増幅された。BSP−mRNAの発現は乳癌細胞系MCF−7において特に高く、MDA−MB−231およびT−47−Dの細胞では少なく、また、参照細胞系においては検出できなかった。
単クローン性抗体BSP1.2は、その腫瘍BSPとの特異的な結合に起因して、初期腫瘍および転移の治療に使用できる。それによって、抗体はある腫瘍の細胞の表面にBSP上に結合し、例えば補体カスケードの活性化を介して、細胞を破壊して免疫システムを刺激する。同様に、多クローンあるいは単クローン性抗BSP IgYもまた、治療に使用できる。この抗体が用いられると、ヒトの免疫システムはそれ自身の抗体−ヒトの抗マウスIgG抗体(HAMA)あるいはヒトの抗ニワトリIgY抗体(HACA)−の形成に作用する。HAMAおよびHACAは、腫瘍の抗原に対する生物の免疫反応を誘起あるいは強化できる。しかし、腫瘍マーカーの測定において、HAMAとHACAの干渉が生じ、それは試験管内の測定方法を崩壊させる。このように、腫瘍マーカーに対してみせかけの高い測定値が生じる。
発明のさらなる応用では、抗BSP抗体またはそれらのFabフラグメントに、細胞毒および放射性同位体が化学的に共有結合で結合するだろう。ヨウ素125またはヨウ素131などの放射性同位体でマークされた抗体は、免疫シンチグラフィを介しての腫瘍限局化のためのより少量の適用に対して、また、腫瘍の直接破壊のためのより大量の適用に対して、安定である。そのような化学的な抱合体は、例えば抗体のヨウ素125あるいはヨウ素131でのヨウ素化により、生成できる(Garvey,J.S.et al,,免疫学の方法3rded.,W.A.Benjamin Publ.,177,171−182)。放射能免疫治療および免疫シンチグラフィに対する安定な方法の概論はここに記載がある:Vuillez,放射能免疫ターゲッティング:診断および治療での使用,雄牛の癌中で.2000,87(11),813−27。
BSPが腫瘍細胞の表面で発現するか、生検材料から初めて測定された。腫瘍細胞の表面にBSPが検出できた患者は、ニワトリやマウスの抗BSP抗体、対応するヒト化された抗体、および、これらの抗体の細胞毒あるいは放射性同位体との抱合体による治療に適していると考えられる。
上述の方法で、患者の腫瘍細胞が細胞表面上に検出できないBSPを発現するか測定された。これらの腫瘍の場合、細胞が血液中あるいは組織液中にBSPを放ち、補体カスケードの代わりのパスの不活性化のために、あるいは、骨組織中への移動のために、例えばH因子の結合を通してこれを用いると仮定される。この腫瘍タイプに対するさらなる可能な尺度は、血液血清中のBSPの増加した濃度(>20ng/ml血清)である。これらの場合、抗BSP抗体は遊離した腫瘍BSPまたはH因子との複合体中の腫瘍BSPの中和のために用いられうる。投与量は、血清中および組織液中に遊離して存在するBSPの量に関して設定できる。治療のために、H因子との複合体中の遊離したBSPのエピトープを識別できる、ニワトリおよびマウスの抗BSP抗体、および、ヒト化された抗BSP抗体が考えられる。また、蛋白分解の消化(Garvey,J.S.et al.,免疫学の方法3rded.,W.A.Benjamin Publ.,1977,256−266)による標準的な手順に沿って調製できる、これらのFabフラグメントも考えられる。また、遺伝子操作されたFabフラグメントは、上記の抗BSP抗体から誘導され、そのような治療に考慮されていく。
本発明による抗体はELISAにおけるトラッパ(trapper)抗体として用いられ、相対的な一連の測定において、透析患者(”正常な”BSP)と腫瘍に起因してそれぞれ大きく増加したBSP値を有する前立腺患者の血清中のBSPの量が測定された。
Claims (14)
- 翻訳後の糖化が、骨からの正常な骨シアロ蛋白と比較して、アミノ酸TGLAAを含むアミノ酸120〜135(SWISSPROT:SIAL HUMAN,Acc.No.P21815,信号配列なし)の領域において変異し、あるいは不完全である腫瘍細胞からのヒトの骨シアロ蛋白に存在するエピトープに結合することを特徴とする、ヒトの骨シアロ蛋白(BSP)に抗する抗体または複数の抗体。
- 抗原として、化学的または自然に、糖化において変異した骨シアロ蛋白で形成された
請求項1に記載の抗体。 - 抗原として腫瘍細胞からの骨シアロ蛋白で形成された
請求項1または2に記載の抗体。 - 腫瘍細胞の遺伝子操作により、糖化において変異した前記骨シアロ蛋白が形成された
請求項3に記載の抗体。 - キャリア(carrier)蛋白に適切に結合したときに、アミノ酸配列TGLAAまたはYTGLAAを含むペプチド抗原に抗して形成された
請求項1に記載の抗体。 - 骨蛋白の正常な糖化ができないドナーの骨材料からの糖化が変異した骨シアロ蛋白が用いられた
請求項2に記載の抗体。 - ニワトリのIgY抗体である
請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の抗体。 - ヒトの抗体あるいはヒト化(humanized)された抗体である
請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の抗体。 - 請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の抗体が用いられる、体液、特に血清中における腫瘍細胞からの骨シアロ蛋白の測定方法。
- 骨転移の診断および予後のための請求項9に記載の方法。
- 医薬の生産のための請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の抗体の利用。
- 活性成分として、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の抗体を含む薬学(pharmaceutical)組成物。
- 骨転移の予防および治療のための請求項12に記載の薬学組成物。
- 診断方法または医薬の生産のためのターゲッティング(targeting)手段としての請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の抗体の使用。
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- 2002-06-06 JP JP2003503667A patent/JP4438987B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2017527553A (ja) * | 2014-08-19 | 2017-09-21 | イムーンダイアグノスティック・アー・ゲー | 慢性腎疾患の治療のための医薬および装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7790853B2 (en) | 2010-09-07 |
DE50213368D1 (de) | 2009-04-30 |
EP1399482A2 (de) | 2004-03-24 |
EP1399482B1 (de) | 2009-03-18 |
JP4438987B2 (ja) | 2010-03-24 |
ATE425991T1 (de) | 2009-04-15 |
WO2002100901A2 (de) | 2002-12-19 |
DK1399482T3 (da) | 2009-07-20 |
WO2002100901A3 (de) | 2003-09-18 |
US20050054016A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
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