JP2005348696A - Seaweed growing base - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seaweed growing base easy to produce and having high utility value of stably applying to sowing as a matter of course and even transplantation of immature or grown seaweeds. <P>SOLUTION: This seaweed growing base 1 is formed by arranging the seeds 3 of Thalassia hemprichii on a palm mat 2, arranging a biodegradable coating net 4 on the seeds 3, and combining the coating net 4 with the palm mat 2 by using a connecting member to support the seeds 3 by surrounding with both the net and the mat. The seaweed growing base is laid in bottom of the sea so that leaf and stem parts sprouting from the seeds 3 freely extend through the coating net 4, and rhizome parts freely extend through the palm mat 2 to smoothly grow the seaweeds. On the other hand, the coating net 4 and the palm mat 2 give no adverse effect to the environment because of dissolving when a proper period passes. It is possible to use the base for transplantation through arranging the immatures or grown seaweeds instead of the seeds 3. It is all right to arrange a wire net with big mesh on the coating net 4 to increase rigidity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a seagrass breeding base used for constructing seaweed beds for seagrasses such as sea bream and ryucus ducks, so-called seagrass beds.

  In addition to providing an environment suitable for the habitat of various organisms such as benthic organisms, fish and plankton, the seaweed basin also contributes to environmental improvements such as water purification and hydrophilicity. In particular, eelgrass fields are known to have a large capacity for raising young larvae due to flowering plants such as eelgrass and microalgae attached to them. In recent years, conservation and regeneration (creation) have become important themes. Yes.

Various methods have been proposed for the construction of the eelgrass field, but the basic form is roughly divided into a sowing method for sowing seeds and a transplanting method for transplanting juveniles or adults. . Among these, as a seeding-type seaweed bed construction method, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1, and in this, on a biodegradable sheet member made of a fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a net, a porous membrane, etc. Alternatively, a seeding sheet is prepared by placing and fixing sea cucumber seeds between two sheet members, and the seeding sheet is wound in a roll shape and lowered to the seabed for laying. In addition, as a method for constructing a seaweed bed of a transplanting method, for example, there is a method described in Patent Document 2. In this method, a juvenile of an ammo or an adult is collected in a bucket together with subsoil, and this is settled at a transplanting site. To drop from the bucket to the seabed.
JP 10-42626 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-318200

  However, according to the method for creating a seaweed bed described in Patent Document 1, since the seed is fixed to the sheet member using the fixing agent, for example, an emulsion liquid of biodegradable resin in which the seed is dispersed There is a problem that a troublesome process such as immersing the sheet member is required, and the seeding sheet is expensive. In addition, according to the method for creating a seaweed bed described in Patent Document 2, juveniles and adults often flow out together with the earth and sand due to the influence of tidal currents and waves, resulting in a problem of low transplantation efficiency.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described technical background, and the problem is that it is easy to manufacture and has utility value that can be stably applied not only to seeding but also to transplantation of juveniles or adults. It is to provide a high seaweed breeding base.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the first invention arranges seaweed seeds on a porous support plate having biodegradability, and arranges a coated net having biodegradability on the seeds. The support plate and the covering net are solidified by a connecting member, and the seed is sandwiched between the both.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, a seaweed juvenile or adult is disposed on a biodegradable porous support plate, and a biodegradable coated net is disposed on the juvenile or adult. The supporting plate and the covering net are fixed together by a connecting member, and the juvenile or adult rhizome is sandwiched between the both.

  The first invention is configured for sowing, and the second invention is configured for transplantation. In any of the inventions, seagrass seeds or juveniles or adult rhizomes are formed on a support plate and a covering net. Since the structure is such that the parts are mechanically clamped, a troublesome fixing process using a fixing agent is not required, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. In addition, since a porous support plate is disposed in the lower layer and a covering net with a large opening ratio is disposed in the upper layer, rooting and budding are not hindered. Since it has biodegradability and decomposes and disappears in the long term, it does not adversely affect the environment.

  In the first and second inventions, the material of the support plate is arbitrary, but when a palm mat made of coconut shell is used, it is advantageous in terms of cost, and a biodegradable net of the same type as the coated net. When is used, since the entire structure is a transmission structure, it is easy to sink into the sea.

  In addition, in the first invention for sowing, it is desirable to select a Ryukyu duck that produces seeds with a large particle size, while in the second invention for transplantation, the kind of seaweed is arbitrary. It is desirable to select Ryukyu duck, Veneer duck, Bowba duck, Sea squirrel, Japanese pine swordfish, Sea squirrel, Sea squirrel, etc. that have a strong fertility.

  In the first and second aspects of the present invention, a wire mesh having larger eyes than the covered net is disposed on the covered net, and the wire mesh, the covered net, and the support plate are solidified by a connecting member. Is also good. When a wire mesh is added in this way, the whole has an appropriate rigidity, and the handling becomes easy.

  According to the seagrass breeding base according to the present invention, the production cost is easy and can be provided inexpensively, and since it can be stably applied to both sowing and transplantation, it is suitable for the creation of seaweed algae so-called seagrass beds. Become. Moreover, since it is easy to handle and laying on the seabed, it is possible to efficiently create a seagrass bed. Furthermore, since the support plate and the covering net are decomposed and lost over a long period of time, there is no adverse effect on the environment, and the utility value of the present invention is generally large.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 and 2 show a seaweed breeding platform as a first embodiment of the present invention. The seaweed breeding base 1 is configured for sowing, and includes a palm mat (support plate) 2, seeds 3 of seaweeds (here, Ryukius duck) distributed on the palm mat 2, It consists of a biodegradable covering net 4 placed on the seed 3 and a connecting member (not shown) for solidifying the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4. The covering net 4 has finer eyes than the particle size of the seed 3 (7-8 mm in the case of Ryukyuus duck), and by solidifying the covering net 4 to the palm mat 2 by the connecting member, The seed 3 is mechanically sandwiched between the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4.

  The palm mat 2 is formed by matting palm shell fibers, and may be matted by adding a biodegradable binder as desired. As shown in FIG. 2, the palm mat 2 has a porous structure (porous) having a large number of openings 2a, and has a rooting function that allows passage of seaweed roots in addition to the water passing and water retaining functions. Yes. The palm mat 2 also has a property of decomposing after a certain period of time on the seabed, and thus can be defined as having biodegradability. The thickness of the palm mat 2 is arbitrary, but if it is too thin, the strength is insufficient and it is easy to break. On the contrary, if it is too thick, wasteful materials increase and the cost increases. desirable.

  As the covering net 4, a molded body of a biodegradable resin can be used. In this case, the type of the biodegradable resin is arbitrary, but a resin that maintains its shape without biodegradation is selected until the seed 3 is fully rooted and germinated. In the case of the seed 3 of the Ryukyuus duck, it takes one to two months for its rooting and germination to proceed sufficiently. Therefore, it is necessary to select a resin that does not biodegrade at least during this period. For example, biodegradable polylactic acid is well suited for this purpose because it takes almost 2-3 years to fully biodegrade. Although the thickness of the covering net 4 is arbitrary, in order to ensure that the seed 3 is sandwiched between the covering mat 4 and the palm mat 2, it is desirable that the covering net 4 be thick to some extent and have an appropriate rigidity. When the coated net 4 is formed from biodegradable polylactic acid, a thickness of about 1 to 3 mm is sufficient.

  In the first embodiment, a consolidation member and a consolidation method for solidifying the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4 as a support plate are arbitrary, a method of sewing with a suture, a method of binding with a linear body, A method of hitting and stopping a needle with a stapler (registered trademark), a method of fastening or clamping with a coupler, and the like can be used. This consolidation is performed with emphasis on the peripheral portion, and on the inner side, it is performed at an appropriate interval that does not cause looseness between the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4. In this consolidation, a spacer having an appropriate thickness may be interposed between the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4 in order to prevent the seed 3 from being crushed by the tightening force.

  In order to manufacture the seaweed breeding base 1, the sizes of the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4 are determined in consideration of later transportability, laying workability, etc., and the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4 having a predetermined size are prepared. . On the other hand, a fruit is collected from the Ryukyuusu duck breeding on the seabed, and the fruit is put in a water tank to wait for its dehiscence, and the above-described seed 3 is collected. Needless to say, the seed 3 may be collected from the sea and used. Then, the seeds 3 are arranged on the palm mat 2 so as to have a predetermined distribution, and subsequently the covering net 4 is placed thereon, and then the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4 are consolidated using an appropriate connecting member. This completes the seagrass breeding platform 1. Since the seeds 3 of Ryukyuusu duck survive for a long time even in a dry state, the completed seaweed breeding base 1 can be stored in a dry state as it is. However, when it takes much time from the collection of the seed 3 to the laying described later, seawater may be appropriately sprayed on the seaweed breeding base 1 and stored in a wet state. The seaweed breeding platform 1 can be stored in a stacked state when a spacer is interposed between the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4 as described above.

  In order to lay the seagrass breeding base 1 on the seabed, mooring the seaweed breeding base 1 with a crane on the barge, lifting the seaweed breeding base 1 or a plurality of seaweed breeding bases 1 Take this down into the sea. Since the palm mat 2 is porous as described above, when the seagrass breeding base 1 is lowered into the sea, the seawater immediately penetrates into the palm mat 2 and circulates through the opening 2a of the palm mat 2, thereby the seagrass breeding. The base 1 sinks smoothly without receiving much resistance from seawater. When the seagrass breeding base 1 reaches the seabed, the seaweed breeding bases 1 are laid on the seabed one by one by diving work, and thereafter, the above operation is repeated to arrange the necessary number of seaweed breeding bases in the seaweed formation area. The seagrass breeding base 1 laid in this way is stable even when laid, since the lower-layer palm mat 2 has a sufficient water flow function as well as the upper covering net 4, but more stable. Therefore, an appropriate heavy object or sand may be placed on the upper surface of the seaweed breeding base 1 or a fixing tool (anchor) may be driven into the seabed ground through the seaweed breeding base 1.

  After laying the seagrass breeding base 1 as described above, after about two to three weeks, the seeds 3 of the Ryukyu duck in the seagrass breeding base 1 begin to germinate and root, and then, over time, The rhizome grows and grows into a young body 5 as shown in FIG. In this case, since the coarse covering net 4 is present in the upper layer of the seaweed breeding base 1, and the porous palm mat 2 is present in the lower layer, the leaf stems of the young body 5 are passed through the covering net 4 as shown in FIG. The part 5a extends freely, and the rhizome part 5b extends freely through the palm mat 2. Thereafter, the leaf stem portion 5a and the rhizome portion 5b grow greatly with the passage of time, and the root stem portion 5b grows deeply in the seabed ground G. During this time, the upper covering net 4 maintains its shape without being biodegraded, so that the seed 5 as well as the seedling 5 is prevented from flowing out. On the other hand, the coated net 4 made of biodegradable polylactic acid is biodegraded in about 2 to 3 years, and the palm mat 2 is decomposed in the long term, so that the environment is not adversely affected.

  The seagrass breeding base 1 configured as described above has a structure in which the seed 3 is mechanically sandwiched between a palm mat 2 and a covering net 4 as a support plate, so that troublesome fixing by a fixing agent as in the past is performed. The process is unnecessary and the manufacturing cost is reduced. Particularly in the first embodiment, since the inexpensive palm mat 2 is used as the support plate, the low-cost seaweed breeding platform 1 can be provided. Further, the seagrass breeding base 1 has a disk shape with an appropriate rigidity and is lightweight, so that it can be easily handled and laid on the seabed.

  Of course, the seed 3 may be seeds of various seaweeds other than the Ryukyuus duck. However, since seaweed seeds are generally quite fine, it is necessary to use fine ones that do not allow these seeds to pass through.

  FIG. 4 shows a seagrass breeding platform as a second embodiment of the present invention. The seaweed breeding platform 10 is configured for transplantation, and is characterized in that a Ryukyu duck seedling 11 is arranged in place of the Ryukyu duck seed 3 in the first embodiment. In addition, since the structure except this young body 11 is the same as 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected here to the same component. The Ryukyuusu ducklings 11 can be obtained by seeding the seeds collected as described above on earth and sand and allowing them to germinate in a water tank. In this case, it is desirable to use the bottom mud collected from the site as the earth and sand, and temperature management, light quantity management, etc. are performed in the water tank to resemble the local environment. Of course, this young body 11 may be collected from the field as it is.

  In order to manufacture the seaweed breeding base 10, a palm mat 2 and a covering net 4 having a predetermined size are prepared in the same manner as in the first embodiment. 11. The young body 11 is set downward while inserting the leaf stem portion 11a, and then the palm mat 2 is placed on the young body 11, and then the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4 are consolidated by an appropriate connecting member. . That is, the assembling order is reversed from that of the first embodiment, but when reversed after the consolidation, the seaweed breeding base 10 in the state shown in FIG. 4 is obtained. In this case, the rhizome portion 11b of the juvenile 11 is pressed onto the palm mat 2, but the rhizome portion 11b is not damaged by this. However, the spacer described above may be interposed between the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4 for safety. In addition, since the leaf stem part 11a of the juvenile body 11 protrudes above the covering net 4 in the seaweed breeding base 10, it is necessary to take care not to damage the leaf stem part 11a during storage.

  The procedure for laying the seagrass breeding base 10 on the sea floor is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the necessary number of seaweed breeding bases 10 are laid on the seaweed formation area by crane operation and diving work from the trolley. Since the seaweed breeding platform 10 is easy to handle and can be easily laid on the seabed, the transplanting operation can be performed efficiently and stably. In the seagrass breeding base 10 laid in this way, the rhizome portion 11b of the young body 11 has grown to some extent, and the rhizome portion 11b quickly extends through the palm mat 2 and is relatively short (about two months). ) To settle on the seabed. During this time, the upper covering net 4 maintains its shape without being biodegraded, and the outflow of the young body 11 is prevented. In this case, since the rhizome portion 11b grows on the seabed in a relatively short period of time, a material having a short biodegradation time can be selected as the covering net 4 employed here.

  In this 2nd Embodiment, the kind of the said young body 11 is arbitrary, The young body of various seaweeds other than a Ryukyuusu duck can be used. For example, there are various seaweeds around Okinawa, such as Ryukyu duck, Venetian duck, Bowba duck, Sea squirrel, Japanese pine swordfish, Sea squirrel, Sea squirrel, etc. If young plants are transplanted using the growth platform 10, these seagrass beds can be created efficiently.

  FIG. 5 shows a seagrass breeding platform as a third embodiment of the present invention. The seaweed breeding platform 15 is the same as that of the second embodiment in that it is configured for transplantation. Here, instead of the young body 11 in the second embodiment, an adult 16 of Ryukiusu duck is arranged. ing. In the state where the Ryukyuusu duck is breeding locally, the rhizome parts 16b are entangled with each other in an intricate manner. The rhizome part 16b is cut in units and divided.

  In order to manufacture the seaweed breeding base 15, the rhizome part 16b of the adult 16 is collectively inserted into the coated net 4 from one side to the other side, and then the rhizome part 16b is placed on the palm mat 2 on the lower side. Then, the covering net 4 is overlapped, and then the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4 are solidified by an appropriate connecting member. In this case, the rhizome part 16b of the adult 16 is in a state of being pressed on the palm mat 2, but the rhizome part 16b is not damaged by this, but for the sake of safety, as in the second embodiment, It is desirable to interpose a spacer between the palm mat 2 and the covering net 4. In the seagrass breeding base 15 manufactured in this way, the leaf stem portion 16a of the adult 16 is greatly extended above the covering net 4, and therefore, it is necessary to take care not to damage the leaf stem portion 16a during storage. .

  The procedure for laying the seagrass breeding base 15 on the sea floor is the same as in the first and second embodiments, and the necessary number of seaweed breeding bases 15 are laid on the seaweed formation area by crane operation and diving work from the top of the carriage. . In the seagrass breeding base 15 laid in this way, the rhizome portion 16b of the adult 16 quickly extends through the palm mat 2, and settles on the seabed ground in a relatively short period of time. During this time, the upper covering net 4 maintains its shape without being biodegraded, and the outflow of the adult 16 is prevented. It should be noted that the adult 16 may be an adult of various seaweeds other than the Ryukyuus duck, and can be applied to transplantation of various seaweeds mentioned in the second embodiment.

  Here, in the said 1st-3rd embodiment, although the palm mat 2 was used as a lower layer support plate, this support plate has sufficient porous structure which accepts a root, and has biodegradability. If so, the type is arbitrary. FIG. 6 shows a seaweed breeding base 20 (fourth embodiment) using a net 21 of the same type as the covered net 4 in place of the palm mat 2. The seaweed breeding base 20 is configured for sowing. In this case, the seed 3 is arranged on a net 21 as a support plate, and the seed net 3 is covered with the covering net 4. 4 and the net 21 are consolidated by an appropriate connecting member. Since the seagrass breeding base 20 configured in this way has a permeation structure having a large opening area as a whole, the seagrass breeding base 20 is hardly subjected to water resistance. It is stable against currents of The fourth embodiment may be configured for transplantation. In this case, the young body 11 (FIG. 4) or the adult 16 (FIG. 5) is provided between the net 21 and the covering net 4. Will be placed.

  7 and 8 show a seagrass breeding platform as a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The present seaweed breeding base 25 is characterized in that a wire mesh 26 is further disposed on the covering net 4 on the upper layer of the seeding seaweed breeding base 1 as the first embodiment, The net 4 and the palm mat 2 are connected to each other by a connecting member. The wire mesh 26 is arranged for the purpose of appropriately increasing the overall rigidity, and a wire mesh 26 having an eye sufficiently larger than the covering net 4 is selected so as not to hinder the growth of seaweeds. As an example, the wire mesh 26 having a wire diameter of 1.9 to 2.3 mm and an eye size of about 5 to 7 cm is selected. The type (shape) of the wire mesh 26 is arbitrary, and may be a rhombus wire mesh as shown in FIG. 7, a turtle shell wire mesh, or a structure in which vertical lines and horizontal lines are simply crossed. Since the seagrass breeding base 25 configured in this manner has moderately increased rigidity due to the wire mesh 26, the handling thereof becomes easier and laying on the seabed becomes easier. It should be noted that the fifth embodiment may be configured for transplantation. In this case, the fifth embodiment may be configured on the covered net 4 of the seaweed breeding base 10 (FIG. 4) or the third embodiment. The wire mesh 26 is disposed on the covering net 4 of the seaweed breeding base 15 (FIG. 5) according to the embodiment.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the seedling seaweed breeding bases 1 and 1C and the transplanting seaweed breeding bases 1A and 1B are completely used properly. You may make it mix and hold | maintain an adult.

  A palm mat having a size of about 1 mm square and a thickness of about 3 mm and a coated net (polylactic acid net) having a thickness of about 1 mm and a mesh size of 6 × 6 mm were prepared. And between these palm mats and a covering net, as shown in FIG. 9, while disposing and arranging 10 units (50 grains) of 5 seeds of Ryukyusugamo as 1 unit A, One unit was placed with 5 juvenile strains as 1 unit B. Next, a rhombus metal mesh was arranged on the covering net, and the three members, the metal net, the covering net, and the palm mat, were sewn with sutures to produce an integrated seaweed breeding base (palm mat base). In addition, a seaweed breeding base (net base) was manufactured in the same procedure as described above except that a polylactic acid net was used instead of the palm mat. Then, select the sea area of Senagajima Island in Okinawa as the laying location, select mid-March, lay two of the palm mat base and two of the net base on the sand ground, and fix the fixture. Each base was fixed by driving into the seabed. Thereafter, seed germination and juvenile growth were observed over time. As a result, seed germination was observed after about 2 weeks, about 60% of the seed germinated after about 1 month, and a leaf stem part reaching 30 mm was also observed. On the other hand, all of the juveniles grew smoothly, and it was observed that many algae and moss were attached to the leaf stem portion after about one month.

It is a perspective view which shows typically the structure of the seaweed multiplication base for sowing as 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the seaweed multiplication base for sowing as this 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the germination condition of the seed in the seaweed multiplication base for this sowing. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the seaweed breeding base for transplantation as 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the seaweed multiplication base for a transplant as 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows typically the structure of the seaweed breeding base for transplantation as 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows typically the structure of the seaweed multiplication base for sowing as 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the seaweed multiplication base for sowing as this 5th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the seed and the young body in the Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1, 20, 25 Seaweed breeding base for seeding 10, 15 Seaweed breeding base for transplanting 2 Palm mat (support plate)
3 Seed 4 Coated net 11 Infant, 11a Leaf stem part, 11b Rhizome part 16 Adult, 16a Leaf stem part, 16b Rhizome part 21 Net (support plate)
26 Wire mesh

Claims (7)

Seaweed seeds are disposed on a porous support plate having biodegradability, and a coated net having biodegradability is disposed on the seed, and the support plate and the coated net are fixed by a connecting member. A seaweed breeding base characterized in that the seeds are sandwiched between the two. A seagrass juvenile or adult is disposed on a biodegradable porous support plate, a biodegradable covering net is disposed on the juvenile or adult, and the support plate and the covering net are disposed. A seaweed breeding base characterized by being consolidated by a connecting member and sandwiching the juvenile or adult rhizome by both. The seaweed breeding base according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the support plate is made of a palm mat. The seaweed breeding base according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the support plate is made of a biodegradable net. The seaweed breeding base according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the seaweed is a Ryukyuus duck. The seagrass propagation base according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the seaweed is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ryukyu duck, Venetian duck, Bowba duckweed, Umigusa, Matsuba Umigusa, Umishobu, Umihimo. 7. A wire mesh having an eye larger than that of the covering net is disposed on the covering net, and the wire mesh, the covering net, and the support plate are fixed together by a connecting member. The seaweed breeding platform according to item 1.

Images