JP2005231035A - Method and apparatus for processing fragile material - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for processing fragile material Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005231035A
JP2005231035A JP2001252461A JP2001252461A JP2005231035A JP 2005231035 A JP2005231035 A JP 2005231035A JP 2001252461 A JP2001252461 A JP 2001252461A JP 2001252461 A JP2001252461 A JP 2001252461A JP 2005231035 A JP2005231035 A JP 2005231035A
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Prior art keywords
brittle material
laser light
processing
cooling liquid
fragile material
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Yasuhide Otsu
泰秀 大津
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Mitsuboshi Diamond Industrial Co Ltd
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Mitsuboshi Diamond Industrial Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2001252461A priority Critical patent/JP2005231035A/en
Priority to TW091119105A priority patent/TW536438B/en
Priority to PCT/JP2002/008538 priority patent/WO2003018276A1/en
Publication of JP2005231035A publication Critical patent/JP2005231035A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/123Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/1224Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in vacuum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B23K26/142Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor for the removal of by-products
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B23K26/1462Nozzles; Features related to nozzles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36Removing material
    • B23K26/40Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28DWORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/22Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising
    • B28D1/221Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising by thermic methods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28DWORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D5/00Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B33/00Severing cooled glass
    • C03B33/09Severing cooled glass by thermal shock
    • C03B33/091Severing cooled glass by thermal shock using at least one focussed radiation beam, e.g. laser beam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fragile material processing method capable of efficiently developing the crack of a fragile material caused by the irradiation with a laser beam, and a fragile material processing apparatus therefor. <P>SOLUTION: In the method for processing the fragile material W by irradiating the fragile material W with the laser beam emitted from a laser beam source and relatively moving the irradiation position of the laser beam on the surface of the fragile material W along a processing scheduled line C, a cooling liquid film (t) is formed on the whole surface of the fragile material W to cool the fragile material W and, in a state that air (a) is blown against the surface of the fragile material W to bore a hole (h), the irradiation position of the laser beam L and the blowing position of the air (a) are moved along the processing scheduled line C while irradiating the fragile material W exposed from the hole (h) with the laser beam L. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ガラス、セラミックあるいは半導体ウエハなどの脆性材料の加工方法及び加工装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
レーザ光源からのレーザ光を加工対象の脆性材料の表面に照射し、その際に発生する加熱冷却変化による熱歪を利用して脆性材料を加工することが知られている。
【0003】
例えば、特公平3−13040号公報には、脆性材料の加工始点に形成した亀裂を、レーザ光照射による熱応力により加工予定ラインに沿って誘導することによって、脆性材料を割断する加工方法が開示されている。
【0004】
また、日本特許第3027768号(特表平8−509947号公報)には、脆性材料へのレーザ光照射により発生する熱応力変化によって材料表面から所定深さまで達する亀裂を形成し、その亀裂を利用して脆性材料を分断する加工方法が開示されている。
【0005】
レーザ光を用いた加工方法では、従来、加工対象の脆性材料をテーブル上に載置し、そのテーブル上の脆性材料にレーザ光源からのレーザ光を照射しながら、レーザ光の照射位置を、レーザ光とテーブルとの相対的な移動により加工予定ラインに沿って移動させて加工を行っている。
【0006】
従来の加工方法では、室温にある脆性材料にレーザ光を照射して加熱を行い、その後、冷却することにより熱歪を発生させて、亀裂を加工予定ラインに沿って進展させるという方法が採られている。
【0007】
例えば、図8に示すように、脆性材料Wの表面に冷却液fを吹き付けるノズル13を設け、レーザ光源12からのレーザ光Lを脆性材料Wの表面に照射するとともに、レーザ光照射位置の後方に冷却液fを吹き付けることにより熱歪を発生させ、その熱歪によって亀裂を、レーザ光Lと脆性材料Wとの相対的な移動により、脆性材料Wの端部から加工予定ラインに沿って進展させている。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、レーザ光を用いた加工方法において、室温付近にある脆性材料の表面をレーザ光照射により加熱し、その後冷却する場合、温度変化を大きくして、発生する熱歪の効果を最大限に利用する必要がある。しかし、熱歪効果が十分に得られないと亀裂の進展が遅くなり、亀裂を材料の内部深くまで形成することができない。また、加工速度を速めることも難しい。
【0009】
本発明は、そのような実情に鑑みてなされたもので、レーザ光照射により発生する亀裂を効率よく進展させることが可能な脆性材料の加工方法及び加工装置の提供を目的とする。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の加工方法は、レーザ光源からのレーザ光を脆性材料に照射するとともに、その照射位置を加工予定ラインに沿って脆性材料表面上を相対的に移動させることにより脆性材料を加工する方法において、脆性材料の表面全体に冷却液膜を形成して脆性材料を冷却し、次いで脆性材料の表面に気体を吹き付けて冷却液膜に穴をあけた状態で、この穴内に露呈する脆性材料の表面にレーザ光を照射しながら、レーザ光の照射位置及び気体の吹き付け位置を、加工予定ラインに沿って移動させて加工を行うことによって特徴づけられる。
【0011】
また、本発明の加工方法は、レーザ光源からのレーザ光を脆性材料に照射するとともに、その照射位置を加工予定ラインに沿って脆性材料表面上を相対的に移動させることにより脆性材料を加工する方法において、脆性材料の表面全体に冷却液膜を形成して脆性材料を冷却した状態で、脆性材料の表面にレーザ光を冷却液膜を介して照射しながら、レーザ光の照射位置を加工予定ラインに沿って移動させて加工を行うに際し、前記冷却液に対して吸収率が低い波長のレーザ光を脆性材料表面に照射することによって特徴づけられる。
【0012】
本発明の加工方法の作用を述べる。
【0013】
まず、図8に示したような、従来の加工方法によると、亀裂発生時の温度変化は、図7(B)に示すように、室温→レーザ光照射温度→冷却液温度となる。これに対し、本発明の加工方法では、図7(A)に示すように、冷却液温度→レーザ光照射温度→冷却液温度という温度変化となる。
【0014】
ここで、従来の加工方法と本発明の加工方法において、冷却液の温度が同じであると仮定すると、レーザ光を脆性材料に照射する前の温度差つまり室温と冷却液温度との差の分だけ温度変化が異なり、本発明の加工方法の方が大きくなる。しかも、その温度差は、使用する冷却液の温度が低ければ低いほど顕著となる。
【0015】
このように、本発明の加工方法によれば、従来の加工方法よりも大きな温度変化を得ることができるので、熱歪効果が大きくなって亀裂を効率よく進展させることができる。
【0016】
また、室温は不安定な変動を示すのに対し、温度管理された冷却液は熱容量が大きいことから温度は安定であるので、レーザ光照射前に冷却液にて脆性材料を冷却しておくことにより、常に安定した熱歪効果を得ることができる。さらに、脆性材料に吹き付ける気体の圧力、レーザ光の強度などを制御することにより、冷却環境を比較的容易に一定に保つことができ、熱歪効果の安定性をより一層高めることができる。
【0017】
本発明の加工装置は、以上の特徴をもつ脆性材料の加工方法の実施に適した装置であって、脆性材料の表面に冷却液を供給して材料表面の全体に冷却液膜を形成する冷却液供給系と、レーザ光照射位置に気体を吹き付けるためのノズルと、脆性材料へのレーザ光照射位置及び気体の吹き付け位置を加工予定ラインに沿って材料表面上を相対的に移動させる走査手段(例えばX−Yテーブル)を備えていることによって特徴づけられる。
【0018】
なお、本発明は、レーザ光源からのレーザ光の照射により、脆性材料に深い亀裂を入れる切断加工、あるいはレーザ光の照射のみで脆性材料を加工線(スクライブ線)の左右に完全に分離する割断加工のいずれの加工にも適用できる。
【0019】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施形態を、以下、図面に基づいて説明する。
【0020】
図1は本発明の実施形態の構成を模式的に示す図である。図2はノズル3の先端部を模式的に示す図である。
【0021】
この例の加工装置は、加工対象となる脆性材料Wを載置するX−Yテーブル1と、X−Yテーブル1上に置かれた脆性材料Wにレーザ光Lを上方から照射するレーザ光源2と、レーザ光照射位置に気体a(例えば空気)を吹き付けるためのノズル3と、X−Yテーブル1上の脆性材料Wの表面に冷却液(例えば水)を供給して材料表面の全体に冷却液膜tを形成する冷却液供給系4などを主体として構成されている。なお、レーザ光源2には、HFレーザ、COレーザ、CO2 レーザあるいはYAGレーザ等の各種レーザ装置が適用される。
【0022】
次に、加工方法を説明する。
【0023】
まず、X−Yテーブル1に加工対象となる脆性材料Wを載置する。次に脆性材料Wの表面に冷却液供給系4から冷却液を供給し、脆性材料Wの表面全体に冷却液膜tを形成することにより、脆性材料Wの一部または全体を冷却液温度に冷却しておく。予め刃先またはレーザ光によって初期亀裂が表面端部に形成された、脆性材料Wの該当端部(加工始点)をレーザ光源2及びノズル3の下方に配置した状態で、ノズル3から気体aのジェットを脆性材料Wの表面に吹き付け、加工始点周辺の冷却液を吹き飛ばして冷却液膜tに穴hをあける。
【0024】
次に、レーザ光源2からのレーザ光Lを脆性材料Wの表面(穴h内)に照射するとともに、X−Yテーブル1を駆動して、レーザ光Lの脆性材料Wへの照射位置及び気体aの吹き付け位置を加工予定ラインCに沿って移動して、冷却液膜tに穴hをあけながら、レーザ光Lを脆性材料Wの表面に順次照射する。このようなレーザ光照射により亀裂が発生し、その亀裂が加工予定ラインCに沿って進展してゆく。
【0025】
なお、本実施形態では、レーザ光源2からのレーザ光Lの照射により、脆性材料Wの内部深くまで亀裂を入れる切断加工、あるいは脆性材料Wを完全に分離する割断加工のいずれの加工も可能である。
【0026】
以上の実施形態によれば、レーザ光照射前の脆性材料Wの一部または全体を冷却液で覆って冷却液の温度にしておき、レーザ光照射による加熱後、再度冷却液温度に冷却しているので、大きな温度変化を得ることができる。これにより熱歪効果が大きくなって、深い領域まで延びる亀裂を高速で進展させることができる。
【0027】
ここで、本実施形態において、図3に示すように、レーザ光照射スポットSの中心位置から所定距離Dだけ離れた位置で、加熱された脆性材料Wの表面が再度冷却液で冷却されるように、冷却液膜tにあける穴hの半径Rを選定すれば、レーザ光照射後の材料表面を、再度同一の冷却液で冷却することができ、効率的に熱変化を起こさせることが可能となる。その理由を以下に述べる。
【0028】
まず、日本特許第3027768号(特表平8−509947号公報)には、明細書の第5頁第9欄の48行目から第10欄の7行目にかけての記述において、第1図を引用して以下の内容が開示されている。
【0029】
実験によれば、ビームスポット2及び冷媒流が流下される領域3からのその間隔によって、ビームスポット及び材料の相対的な移動速度V及び盲亀裂の深さδは次式で関係付けられることが見いだされた。
【0030】
V=kxa(b+l)/δ
k:材料の熱物理的特性及びビーム出力密度に依存する比例係数
a:ビームスポットの幅
b:ビームスポットの長さ
l:ビームスポット後端縁から冷却帯域の前端縁までの距離
この先願特許の開示に照らせば、本願の図3において、スポットSの直径がa(=b)に該当し、スポットSの後端縁から穴hの縁までの距離がlに該当する。従って、図3の配置にて加工を実施すると先願特許の場合と同じく、Vとδとの間で成立する関係式で亀裂が形成されていくことになる。
【0031】
図7の(A)と(B)との違いが加工特性に与える影響は比例係数kの中に集約される形で取り込まれるので、図7(A)の場合のkの値が図7(B)の場合のそれよりも大きくなっている。従って、形成されるδが、本発明と従来例とがほぼ同じ場合には移動速度が速くなることに相当し、加工効率が上がることになる。逆に、移動速度がほぼ同じ場合には、形成されるδの値が図7(A)の場合には大きくなることに相当し、大きな亀裂が得られることになる。その結果、亀裂の発生効率つまり加工効率を更に向上させることが可能となる。
【0032】
なお、冷却液膜tにあける穴は、図4に示すような細長い楕円形状の穴h′であってもよい。また、同様にスポットSも細長い楕円形状をしたものを用いてもよい。この場合、先願特許で開示された関係式から移動速度を速くすることが可能となる。
【0033】
以上の実施形態では、レーザ光源2と同軸のノズル3を用いているが、本発明はこれに限られることなく、例えば図5に示すように、レーザ光源2の側方にノズル3′に配置して、このノズル3′から気体aのジェットを脆性材料W表面に吹き付けるようにしてもよい。この場合も同様に、図5の配置で与えられる数値パラメータの間で先願特許で開示された関係式を満たす移動速度または亀裂深さが与えられる。
【0034】
また、以上の実施形態では、ノズルから気体を吹き付けて冷却液膜に穴をあけているが、本発明はこれに限られることなく、例えば図6に示すように、レーザ光Lを脆性材料Wの表面に冷却液膜tを介して照射するようにしてもよい。
【0035】
図6の実施形態の場合、レーザ光Lは冷却液膜tを介して脆性材料Wの表面に照射されるので、冷却液膜t中でのレーザ光Lの吸収損失ができるだけ少ないことが望ましい。従って、図5の実施形態で用いたレーザ光Lの波長が、図6の実施形態で用いる冷却液との吸収率の関係で適切であるかどうかを、予め調べておく必要がある。
【0036】
なお、冷却液に対して吸収率の低いレーザ光波長は、冷却液の種類・膜厚などの条件によって左右されるので、具体的な数値は記載しないが、冷却液膜中でのレーザ光の吸収損失が加工に悪影響を及ぼさない程度の波長を選択すればよい。また、レーザ光の波長を選択する方法に替えて、レーザ光の吸収率が低い冷却液を選択するようにしてもよい。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、レーザ光照射前の脆性材料の一部または全体を冷却液の温度にしておき、レーザ光の照射による加熱後、冷却液温度に再度冷却しているので、従来よりも大きな温度変化を得ることができる。これにより、熱歪効果が大きくなって亀裂を効率よく進展させることができる結果、材料の深い領域まで延びる亀裂を高速で進展させることができ、高速な加工が実現可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態の構成を模式的に示す図である。
【図2】本発明の実施形態に用いるノズルの先端部を模式的に示す図である。
【図3】レーザ光照射位置と冷却液膜にあける穴の位置関係の説明図である。
【図4】冷却液膜にあける穴の一例を示す図である。
【図5】本発明の他の実施形態の構成を模式的に示す図である。
【図6】本発明の別の実施形態の構成を模式的に示す図である。
【図7】本発明の作用説明図である。
【図8】従来の加工方法の一例を模式的に示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 X−Yテーブル
2 レーザ光源
3 ノズル(気体吹き付け用)
4 冷却液供給系
W 脆性材料
C 加工予定ライン
L レーザ光
a 気体
t 冷却液膜
h 穴
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a processing method and a processing apparatus for a brittle material such as glass, ceramic or semiconductor wafer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is known to irradiate the surface of a brittle material to be processed with a laser beam from a laser light source, and to process the brittle material using thermal strain caused by a heating / cooling change that occurs at that time.
[0003]
For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-13040 discloses a processing method for cleaving a brittle material by inducing a crack formed at the processing start point of the brittle material along a planned processing line by thermal stress caused by laser light irradiation. Has been.
[0004]
In Japanese Patent No. 3027768 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-509947), a crack reaching a predetermined depth from the surface of the material is formed by a thermal stress change caused by laser beam irradiation on the brittle material, and the crack is used. Thus, a processing method for dividing a brittle material is disclosed.
[0005]
Conventionally, in a processing method using laser light, a brittle material to be processed is placed on a table, and the laser light from the laser light source is irradiated to the brittle material on the table while the irradiation position of the laser light is changed to the laser. Processing is performed by moving along the planned processing line by relative movement between the light and the table.
[0006]
In the conventional processing method, a method is adopted in which a brittle material at room temperature is heated by irradiating it with a laser beam, and then, by cooling, a thermal strain is generated and a crack propagates along a planned processing line. ing.
[0007]
For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a nozzle 13 for spraying a coolant f is provided on the surface of the brittle material W, and the laser light L from the laser light source 12 is irradiated on the surface of the brittle material W and behind the laser light irradiation position. A thermal strain is generated by spraying the coolant f on the surface, and a crack is caused by the thermal strain, and the relative movement between the laser beam L and the brittle material W progresses along the planned processing line from the end of the brittle material W. I am letting.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the processing method using laser light, when the surface of a brittle material near room temperature is heated by laser light irradiation and then cooled, the temperature change is increased to maximize the effect of the generated thermal strain. There is a need to. However, if the thermal strain effect is not sufficiently obtained, the progress of cracks is delayed, and the cracks cannot be formed deep inside the material. It is also difficult to increase the processing speed.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a processing method and a processing apparatus for a brittle material capable of efficiently developing a crack generated by laser light irradiation.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The processing method of the present invention is a method for processing a brittle material by irradiating a brittle material with laser light from a laser light source and relatively moving the irradiation position on the surface of the brittle material along a planned processing line. The surface of the brittle material exposed in the hole is formed by forming a cooling liquid film on the entire surface of the brittle material, cooling the brittle material, and then blowing a gas to the surface of the brittle material to make a hole in the cooling liquid film. While irradiating the laser beam, the laser beam irradiation position and the gas blowing position are moved along the scheduled processing line to perform the processing.
[0011]
The processing method of the present invention processes a brittle material by irradiating a brittle material with laser light from a laser light source and relatively moving the irradiation position on the surface of the brittle material along a planned processing line. In the method, a cooling liquid film is formed on the entire surface of the brittle material to cool the brittle material, and the irradiation position of the laser light is planned to be processed while irradiating the surface of the brittle material through the cooling liquid film. It is characterized by irradiating the surface of the brittle material with laser light having a wavelength that has a low absorptivity with respect to the coolant when moving along the line.
[0012]
The operation of the processing method of the present invention will be described.
[0013]
First, according to the conventional processing method as shown in FIG. 8, the temperature change at the time of crack occurrence is room temperature → laser light irradiation temperature → coolant temperature as shown in FIG. 7B. On the other hand, in the processing method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7A, the temperature changes as follows: coolant temperature → laser beam irradiation temperature → coolant temperature.
[0014]
Here, in the conventional processing method and the processing method of the present invention, assuming that the temperature of the coolant is the same, the difference between the temperature before irradiation of the brittle material with the laser beam, that is, the difference between the room temperature and the coolant temperature. Only the temperature change is different, and the processing method of the present invention becomes larger. Moreover, the temperature difference becomes more prominent as the temperature of the coolant used is lower.
[0015]
As described above, according to the processing method of the present invention, a temperature change larger than that of the conventional processing method can be obtained, so that the thermal strain effect is increased and the crack can be efficiently advanced.
[0016]
In addition, while the room temperature shows unstable fluctuations, the temperature-controlled cooling liquid has a large heat capacity, so the temperature is stable. Cool the brittle material with the cooling liquid before laser light irradiation. Thus, it is possible to always obtain a stable thermal strain effect. Furthermore, by controlling the pressure of the gas blown to the brittle material, the intensity of the laser beam, etc., the cooling environment can be kept relatively constant and the stability of the thermal strain effect can be further enhanced.
[0017]
The processing apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus suitable for carrying out a processing method of a brittle material having the above characteristics, and is a cooling system that supplies a cooling liquid to the surface of the brittle material and forms a cooling liquid film on the entire surface of the material. A liquid supply system, a nozzle for blowing gas to the laser beam irradiation position, and a scanning means for relatively moving the laser beam irradiation position and the gas blowing position on the brittle material on the surface of the material along the planned processing line ( For example, it is characterized by having an XY table.
[0018]
Note that the present invention is a cutting process in which a brittle material is deeply cracked by laser light irradiation from a laser light source, or the brittle material is completely separated on the left and right of a processing line (scribe line) only by laser light irradiation. It can be applied to any processing.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0020]
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the tip of the nozzle 3.
[0021]
The processing apparatus of this example includes an XY table 1 on which a brittle material W to be processed is placed, and a laser light source 2 that irradiates the brittle material W placed on the XY table 1 with laser light L from above. And a nozzle 3 for blowing gas a (for example, air) to the laser light irradiation position, and a cooling liquid (for example, water) is supplied to the surface of the brittle material W on the XY table 1 to cool the entire material surface. The cooling liquid supply system 4 for forming the liquid film t is mainly configured. Note that various laser devices such as an HF laser, a CO laser, a CO 2 laser, and a YAG laser are applied to the laser light source 2.
[0022]
Next, a processing method will be described.
[0023]
First, the brittle material W to be processed is placed on the XY table 1. Next, a cooling liquid is supplied from the cooling liquid supply system 4 to the surface of the brittle material W, and a cooling liquid film t is formed on the entire surface of the brittle material W, whereby a part or the whole of the brittle material W is brought to the cooling liquid temperature. Allow to cool. A jet of gas a from the nozzle 3 in a state where the corresponding end portion (processing start point) of the brittle material W, in which an initial crack is formed at the surface end portion in advance by a blade edge or laser light, is disposed below the laser light source 2 and the nozzle 3. Is blown to the surface of the brittle material W, and the cooling liquid around the processing start point is blown off to make a hole h in the cooling liquid film t.
[0024]
Next, the laser beam L from the laser light source 2 is irradiated onto the surface (in the hole h) of the brittle material W, and the XY table 1 is driven to irradiate the brittle material W with the irradiation position and gas. The position of spraying a is moved along the planned processing line C, and the surface of the brittle material W is sequentially irradiated with a hole h in the cooling liquid film t. Cracks are generated by such laser light irradiation, and the cracks propagate along the planned processing line C.
[0025]
In the present embodiment, any of the cutting process for making a crack deep inside the brittle material W or the cleaving process for completely separating the brittle material W by irradiation with the laser beam L from the laser light source 2 is possible. is there.
[0026]
According to the above embodiment, a part or the whole of the brittle material W before the laser beam irradiation is covered with the cooling liquid so as to have the temperature of the cooling liquid, and after heating by the laser beam irradiation, the cooling liquid temperature is again cooled. Therefore, a large temperature change can be obtained. Thereby, the thermal strain effect becomes large, and the crack extending to a deep region can be advanced at a high speed.
[0027]
Here, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the surface of the heated brittle material W is again cooled with the coolant at a position away from the center position of the laser beam irradiation spot S by a predetermined distance D. In addition, if the radius R of the hole h in the cooling liquid film t is selected, the surface of the material after laser light irradiation can be cooled again with the same cooling liquid, and a heat change can be efficiently caused. It becomes. The reason is described below.
[0028]
First, in Japanese Patent No. 3027768 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-509947), FIG. 1 is shown in the description from the 48th line to the 7th line in the 10th column in the 9th column of the fifth page of the specification. The following content is disclosed by citing.
[0029]
According to the experiment, the relative movement speed V of the beam spot and the material and the depth δ of the blind crack can be related by the following equation depending on the distance between the beam spot 2 and the region 3 where the coolant flow flows. I found it.
[0030]
V = kxa (b + 1) / δ
k: proportional coefficient depending on thermophysical properties of the material and beam power density a: beam spot width b: beam spot length l: distance from the rear edge of the beam spot to the front edge of the cooling zone In light of the disclosure, in FIG. 3 of the present application, the diameter of the spot S corresponds to a (= b), and the distance from the rear edge of the spot S to the edge of the hole h corresponds to l. Therefore, when processing is performed with the arrangement shown in FIG. 3, cracks are formed with a relational expression established between V and δ, as in the case of the prior patent.
[0031]
Since the influence of the difference between (A) and (B) in FIG. 7 on the machining characteristics is incorporated in the proportional coefficient k, the value of k in the case of FIG. It is larger than that in the case of B). Therefore, when the formed δ is substantially the same between the present invention and the conventional example, this corresponds to an increase in the moving speed, and the machining efficiency is increased. On the contrary, when the moving speeds are almost the same, the value of δ formed corresponds to an increase in the case of FIG. 7A, and a large crack is obtained. As a result, crack generation efficiency, that is, processing efficiency can be further improved.
[0032]
The hole formed in the cooling liquid film t may be a long and narrow elliptical hole h ′ as shown in FIG. Similarly, the spot S having an elongated elliptical shape may be used. In this case, the moving speed can be increased from the relational expression disclosed in the prior application patent.
[0033]
In the above embodiment, the nozzle 3 coaxial with the laser light source 2 is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. Then, a jet of gas a may be sprayed from the nozzle 3 ′ onto the brittle material W surface. In this case as well, a moving speed or a crack depth that satisfies the relational expression disclosed in the earlier patent is given among the numerical parameters given in the arrangement of FIG.
[0034]
Further, in the above embodiment, a gas is blown from a nozzle to make a hole in the cooling liquid film, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. The surface may be irradiated through the cooling liquid film t.
[0035]
In the case of the embodiment of FIG. 6, since the laser beam L is irradiated onto the surface of the brittle material W through the cooling liquid film t, it is desirable that the absorption loss of the laser light L in the cooling liquid film t is as small as possible. Therefore, it is necessary to check in advance whether the wavelength of the laser beam L used in the embodiment of FIG. 5 is appropriate in relation to the absorption rate with the coolant used in the embodiment of FIG.
[0036]
Note that the wavelength of the laser beam having a low absorptivity with respect to the cooling liquid depends on conditions such as the type and film thickness of the cooling liquid. The wavelength may be selected so that the absorption loss does not adversely affect the processing. Further, instead of the method of selecting the wavelength of the laser beam, a coolant having a low laser beam absorption rate may be selected.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a part or the whole of the brittle material before laser light irradiation is set to the temperature of the cooling liquid, and after heating by laser light irradiation, it is cooled again to the cooling liquid temperature. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a larger temperature change than in the past. As a result, the thermal strain effect is increased and the crack can be efficiently advanced. As a result, the crack extending to a deep region of the material can be advanced at a high speed, and high-speed processing can be realized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a tip portion of a nozzle used in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a positional relationship between a laser beam irradiation position and a hole in a cooling liquid film.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hole in a cooling liquid film.
FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a conventional processing method.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 XY table 2 Laser light source 3 Nozzle (for gas spraying)
4 Coolant supply system W Brittle material C Processing line L Laser light a Gas t Coolant film h Hole

Claims (3)

レーザ光源からのレーザ光を脆性材料に照射するとともに、その照射位置を加工予定ラインに沿って脆性材料表面上を相対的に移動させることにより脆性材料を加工する方法において、
脆性材料の表面全体に冷却液膜を形成して脆性材料を冷却し、次いで脆性材料の表面に気体を吹き付けて冷却液膜に穴をあけた状態で、この穴内に露呈する脆性材料の表面にレーザ光を照射しながら、レーザ光の照射位置及び気体の吹き付け位置を、加工予定ラインに沿って移動させて加工を行うことを特徴とする脆性材料の加工方法。
In a method of processing a brittle material by irradiating the brittle material with laser light from a laser light source and relatively moving the irradiation position on the surface of the brittle material along a processing scheduled line,
A cooling liquid film is formed on the entire surface of the brittle material to cool the brittle material, and then a gas is blown onto the surface of the brittle material to make a hole in the cooling liquid film, so that the surface of the brittle material exposed in the hole is exposed. A processing method of a brittle material, characterized in that processing is performed by moving a laser light irradiation position and a gas spray position along a planned processing line while irradiating laser light.
レーザ光源からのレーザ光を脆性材料に照射するとともに、その照射位置を加工予定ラインに沿って移動させることにより脆性材料を加工する加工装置において、
脆性材料の表面に冷却液を供給して材料表面の全体に冷却液膜を形成する冷却液供給系と、レーザ光照射位置に気体を吹き付けるためのノズルと、脆性材料へのレーザ光照射位置及び気体の吹き付け位置を加工予定ラインに沿って脆性材料表面上を相対的に移動させる走査手段を具備することを特徴とする脆性材料の加工装置。
In a processing apparatus for processing a brittle material by irradiating a brittle material with laser light from a laser light source and moving the irradiation position along a planned processing line,
A cooling liquid supply system for supplying a cooling liquid to the surface of the brittle material to form a cooling liquid film on the entire surface of the material, a nozzle for blowing gas to the laser light irradiation position, a laser light irradiation position on the brittle material, and An apparatus for processing a brittle material, comprising: a scanning unit that relatively moves a gas blowing position on the surface of the brittle material along a planned processing line.
レーザ光源からのレーザ光を脆性材料に照射するとともに、その照射位置を加工予定ラインに沿って脆性材料表面上を相対的に移動させることにより脆性材料を加工する方法において、
脆性材料の表面全体に冷却液膜を形成して脆性材料を冷却した状態で、脆性材料の表面にレーザ光を冷却液膜を介して照射しながら、レーザ光の照射位置を加工予定ラインに沿って移動させて加工を行うに際し、前記冷却液に対して吸収率が低い波長のレーザ光を脆性材料表面に照射することを特徴する脆性材料の加工方法。
In a method of processing a brittle material by irradiating the brittle material with laser light from a laser light source and relatively moving the irradiation position on the surface of the brittle material along a processing scheduled line,
While the cooling liquid film is formed on the entire surface of the brittle material and the brittle material is cooled, the laser beam is irradiated on the surface of the brittle material through the cooling liquid film, and the irradiation position of the laser light follows the planned processing line. A processing method for a brittle material, wherein the surface of the brittle material is irradiated with laser light having a wavelength that has a low absorptivity with respect to the cooling liquid.
JP2001252461A 2001-08-23 2001-08-23 Method and apparatus for processing fragile material Pending JP2005231035A (en)

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DE102005062230A1 (en) * 2005-12-21 2007-06-28 Jenoptik Automatisierungstechnik Gmbh Method and device for separating slices of brittle material, in particular wafers
CN101462822B (en) 2007-12-21 2012-08-29 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 Friable non-metal workpiece with through hole and method of processing the same
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JP4722054B2 (en) * 2004-10-25 2011-07-13 三星ダイヤモンド工業株式会社 Crack forming method and crack forming apparatus
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