JP2005200292A - 炭化水素燃料改質用燃料加工システム - Google Patents
炭化水素燃料改質用燃料加工システム Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】炭化水素燃料を改質するための、フィルターを含む燃料加工システムと運転方法を示す。システムは、炭化水素燃料を受け取り、空気または水と一緒にする第1チャンバと、第1チャンバの下流に流体接続され、空気または水のいずれかと一緒にされた燃料を受け取り、燃料を改質して水素リッチ雰囲気を含む改質燃料流にする改質装置、改質装置と流体接続され、改質装置からの改質燃料流を受け取ることができる第2チャンバ、第2チャンバに接続され、改質燃料流に水を導入することができる水の取入口、および第2チャンバの下流に流体接続され、改質燃料流に含まれる固体粒子の大部分の通過を阻止できるフィルターを含む。フィルターは、水を酸化剤として改質燃料流に導入して、改質燃料流の水素リッチ雰囲気中でフィルター上に捕集された煤煙を酸化することで再生できる。
【選択図】図1
Description
C+H2O→H2+CO −式1
C+2H2O→2H2+CO2 −式2
H2+1/2O2→H2O −式3
CO+1/2O2→CO2 −式4
C+1/2O2→CO −式5
C+O2→CO2 −式6
Claims (17)
- 炭化水素燃料を改質するための燃料加工システムであって、
炭化水素燃料を受けて、それを空気または水と混合するための第1気化ゾーンと、
該第1気化ゾーンとその下流で流体接続し、空気または水のいずれかと混合した前記炭化水素燃料を受け取り、該燃料を改質して、水素リッチ雰囲気を含む改質燃料流とする改質装置と、
該改質装置と流体接続し、該改質装置から前記改質燃料流を受け取ることができる第2気化ゾーンと、
該第2気化ゾーンと接続し、前記改質燃料流に水を導入することが可能な水取入口と、
前記第2気化ゾーンとその下流で流体接続しているフィルターであって、前記改質燃料流中に含まれる煤煙の大部分の通過を阻止できるフィルターとを備え、
前記改質燃料流の水素雰囲気中で前記フィルターに捕集されたいかなる煤煙も酸化できるように構成されている燃料加工システム。 - 水および空気を前記第2気化ゾーンに導入して、前記改質燃料流の水素雰囲気中で前記フィルター上に蓄積されたいかなる煤煙も酸化するように構成されている、請求項1に記載の燃料加工システム。
- 前記フィルターの下流に酸化触媒を備え、前記改質燃料流中の酸素の量を減少させる、請求項1に記載の燃料加工システム。
- 前記フィルター上に蓄積された煤煙を検出するように構成された、請求項1に記載の燃料加工システム。
- 前記フィルターの前後で前記改質燃料流の圧力を測定するためにシステムに接続された差圧ゲージによって、前記フィルター上の煤煙を検出する、請求項4に記載の燃料加工システム。
- 前記改質装置の運転履歴を判定することにより、前記フィルター上の煤煙を検出する、請求項4に記載の燃料加工システム。
- 前記煤煙を酸化している間のフィルター出口温度を推定し、前記フィルター出口ガスの温度を、前記フィルターを通過した前記改質燃料流に水を導入することによって制御する、請求項1に記載の燃料加工システム。
- 第3気化ゾーンにおいて、前記改質燃料流の温度を検出する、前記システムに接続された温度センサーで前記フィルター出口温度を推定する、請求項7に記載の燃料加工システム。
- 前記フィルターの下流に水性ガスシフトリアクタと、該水性ガスシフトリアクタの下流に熱交換器と、該熱交換器の下流に選択触媒とをさらに含んだ、請求項1に記載の燃料加工システム。
- フィルター上に捕集された改質燃料流中の煤煙を除去する方法であって、
炭化水素燃料と空気とを一緒にして、炭化水素燃料−空気混合物を形成し、
前記混合物を改質して、水素リッチ雰囲気を含む改質燃料流とし、
該改質燃料流をフィルターに通して、該改質燃料流中の煤煙を前記フィルター上に捕集し、
前記フィルター上に所定量の煤煙が捕集されたときに、少なくとも前記炭化水素燃料を改質している間の所定時間、前記フィルター上に捕集された前記煤煙を酸化するのに十分な量の水を前記改質燃料流に導入することを含む方法。 - 前記改質燃料流に対して前記水と一緒に空気を導入し、捕集された成分を酸化することをさらに含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記フィルター上に捕集された前記煤煙を酸化する際に、前記燃料を改質するのに必要な量を超える水を前記混合物に導入することをさらに含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記改質燃料流を前記フィルターに通した後、前記改質燃料流を前記フィルターの下流の酸化触媒に通して前記改質燃料流中の酸素の量も減少させることを含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記改質燃料流において、前記混合物の形成と燃料電池に電気を供給するのに十分な水素が形成される間の時間ずれを計算することによって、前記フィルター上の所定量の煤煙を推定することを含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記フィルターでの圧力損失を測定することで前記フィルター上の前記所定量の煤煙を推定することを含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記フィルターを通過する前記改質燃料流の温度を測定することをさらに含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記改質燃料流の温度が所定値に達したときに、前記フィルターの下流の前記改質燃料流に対して水を導入することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
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US10/714,855 US7267699B2 (en) | 2003-11-18 | 2003-11-18 | Fuel processing system for reforming hydrocarbon fuel |
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JP2020077486A (ja) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-21 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
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WO2008052361A1 (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2008-05-08 | Nxtgen Emission Controls Inc. | Fuel processor |
EP2118458B1 (en) * | 2007-02-19 | 2018-01-17 | Westport Power Inc. | Method of operating a syngas generator |
FR2919204B1 (fr) * | 2007-07-27 | 2010-02-12 | Arkema France | Utilisation de filtres a particules pour limiter la desactivation de catalyseurs |
US7789048B2 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2010-09-07 | Coffey Jr Ray Stratton | Electrolyzer powered by steam turbine in an engine exhaust pipe |
CN102549825B (zh) * | 2009-08-27 | 2014-07-30 | 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 | 燃料电池系统的负载跟踪运转方法 |
US8858783B2 (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2014-10-14 | Neo-Petro, Llc | Hydrocarbon synthesizer |
US10381669B2 (en) | 2016-07-13 | 2019-08-13 | Lg Fuel Cell Systems Inc. | Steam reformer for in-block fuel cell reforming |
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JP4830197B2 (ja) | 2000-09-13 | 2011-12-07 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料改質装置 |
FR2820549B1 (fr) * | 2001-02-08 | 2003-03-21 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede et dispositif de production d'electricite dans une pile a combustible par oxydation d'hydrocarbures suivie d'une filtration des particules |
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JP2020077486A (ja) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-21 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
JP7192411B2 (ja) | 2018-11-06 | 2022-12-20 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
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US7267699B2 (en) | 2007-09-11 |
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