JP2005188879A - Heat pump type hot water supplier - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a heat pump type hot water supplier of flash water heater type capable of supplying hot water, heating hot water in a bath and supplying hot water to the bath. <P>SOLUTION: The heat pump type hot water supplier has at least one of a hot water supply operation mode in which a controlling means 82 supplies hot water from a faucet 39, a hot water storing operation mode in which water in the hot water tank 40 is heated, a bath water supply operation mode in which hot water is supplied to the bath 60 and a bath heating operation mode in which hot water in the bath 60 is heated. Evaporation performance by evaporators 14, 24 is controlled according to the respective operation modes. Hence, sufficient heating value required by each operation mode is absorbed by the evaporators 14, 24 and stable operation at high efficiency is enabled without applying excessive load to compressors 11, 21. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an instantaneous water heater type heat pump hot water supply apparatus that discharges hot water heated by a water heating heat exchanger as it is from a hot water supply terminal.

  Conventionally, a hot water supply apparatus using a heat pump cycle has been proposed. For example, a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus that includes a hot water storage tank and uses hot water stored in advance in the hot water storage tank has been proposed. However, in such a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, when the hot water storage tank is small, hot water may run out. To prevent hot water from running out, a large hot water storage tank is required.

In view of this, there has been proposed an instantaneous water heater type hot water supply apparatus in which hot water heated by a heat exchanger is directly discharged without using a hot water storage tank (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP-A-2-223767 (refer to FIG. 1)

  However, the conventional heat pump hot water supply apparatus discloses a configuration and control related only to a hot water supply function from a faucet or the like, and does not disclose other functions such as a configuration and control for performing bath heating or the like. This invention solves the said conventional subject, and aims at realization of a bath function or a hot-water supply function.

  In order to solve the conventional problems, the control means includes a hot water supply operation mode in which hot water is supplied from a faucet or a shower, a hot water storage operation mode in which the water in the hot water storage tank is heated, a bath pouring operation mode in which hot water is poured into the bath, and hot water in the bath. It has at least one bath heating operation mode for heating, and controls the evaporation capacity in the evaporator according to each operation mode. As a result, a necessary and sufficient amount of heat is absorbed by the evaporator in each operation mode.

  The heat pump hot water supply apparatus of the present invention can be operated stably and highly efficiently in each operation mode without applying an excessive load to the compressor or its drive power supply.

  1st invention is the heat pump cycle which connected the compressor, the water heating heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the evaporator with refrigerant | coolant piping, the fan which supplies air to the said evaporator, and the water heated with the water heating heat exchanger A hot water storage tank for storing water, and a control means for controlling the hot water storage operation mode for supplying hot water from a faucet or a shower, a hot water storage operation mode for heating the water in the hot water storage tank, At least one of a hot water operation mode and a bath heating operation mode for heating the hot water of the bath is provided, and the evaporation capacity in the evaporator is controlled according to each operation mode. In each operation mode, a necessary and sufficient amount of heat is absorbed by the evaporator, and operation can be performed stably and efficiently without applying an excessive load to the compressor and its drive power supply.

  According to a second aspect of the invention, in particular, in the first aspect of the invention, in the hot water storage operation mode, the control means has a higher hot water temperature from the water heating heat exchanger than in the bath pouring operation mode, and has an evaporating capacity of the bath pouring operation mode It is set smaller than the hour. And even in the hot water storage operation mode, even if the discharge temperature of the compressor is made higher than the bath pouring operation mode and the hot water temperature from the water heat exchanger is raised, the evaporation capacity is kept low, so the compression load is small. Further, it is possible to prevent an excessive load on the compressor and its driving power source.

  In a third aspect of the invention, in particular, in any one of the first and second aspects of the invention, a bath heat exchanger for heating bath water is added to the heat pump cycle, and the control means is for the bath in the bath heating operation mode. The hot water temperature from the heat exchanger is set higher than the hot water temperature from the water heating heat exchanger in the bath pouring operation mode, and the evaporation capacity is set smaller than that in the bath pouring operation mode. And even if the discharge temperature of the compressor is made higher than the bath pouring operation mode and the hot water temperature from the water heat exchanger is raised in the bath heating operation mode, the evaporation capacity is kept low, so the compression load is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to prevent excessive input to the compressor drive power supply.

  In a fourth aspect of the invention, in particular, in any one of the first to third aspects of the invention, a thermal AC amount detection means for detecting a flow rate of water flowing through the water heating heat exchanger is added, and the control means is a hot water supply operation mode. The evaporation capacity is controlled to decrease as the detected flow rate decreases. And since the evaporation capability is made small and the heating capability in the water heat exchanger is made small as the detected flow rate decreases, the hot water can be discharged at a desired temperature in a wide range of hot water supply flow rates.

  In a fifth aspect of the invention, in particular, in any one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention, the control means controls the evaporation ability to be small by reducing the blowing capacity of the fan. And when evaporation capability may be small, the quantity of the air which is a heat absorption source can be decreased, and the noise of a fan can be suppressed. Further, an increase in evaporation temperature, that is, an excessive increase in pressure on the low pressure side can be suppressed, and abnormal operation such as overturning of the compressor due to insufficient compression ratio can be prevented.

  In a sixth aspect of the invention, in particular, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the control means controls the evaporation capacity to be small by reducing the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressor. And by reducing the refrigerant circulation amount, the operating rotational speed of the compressor is lowered, and noise can be suppressed.

  In a seventh aspect of the invention, in particular, in any one of the first to sixth aspects, a first mixing means for mixing hot water from the water heating heat exchanger and hot water from the hot water storage tank is provided. And the lack of the heating capability at the time of heat pump driving | running | working start can be compensated, the hot-water temperature rise after water discharge from a hot-water supply terminal can be accelerated | stimulated, and the time until hot water can be discharged at preset temperature can be shortened more. Further, when the heating capacity is insufficient even in the steady state, the shortage can be compensated.

  In an eighth aspect of the invention, in particular, in the seventh aspect of the invention, a second mixing means for mixing hot water from the first mixing means and cold water from the water pipe is provided. And when the hot water temperature discharged from a 1st mixing means is higher than preset temperature, water can be mixed and it can be made preset temperature.

  In a ninth aspect of the invention, in particular, in any one of the first to eighth aspects, the heat pump cycle and the hot water storage tank are housed in the same casing. And since an apparatus can be reduced in size, the freedom degree of installation can be expanded.

  In a tenth aspect of the invention, in particular, in any one of the first to ninth aspects of the invention, the refrigerant used for the heat pump cycle is carbon dioxide, and the high pressure side is operated in a state exceeding the critical pressure. And hot water can be produced | generated and when a hot water storage tank is used together, since hot hot water can be stored, a hot water storage tank can be reduced in size.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram according to the first embodiment of the present invention. First, the refrigeration circuit of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to this embodiment will be described. In FIG. 1, the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a first heat pump cycle 10 and a second heat pump cycle 20. The first heat pump cycle 10 and the second heat pump cycle 20 preferably use carbon dioxide as a refrigerant and operate in a state where the critical pressure is exceeded on the high pressure side.

  The first heat pump cycle 10 is configured by connecting a compressor 11, a hot water supply heat exchanger (water heating heat exchanger) 12, an expansion valve 13, and an evaporator 14 in this order by piping. The first heat pump cycle 10 includes a bypass circuit 15 that bypasses the hot water supply heat exchanger 12, and the bypass circuit 15 is provided with a control valve 15 </ b> A. Further, the first heat pump cycle 10 includes a temperature sensor 10 </ b> A that detects the temperature of the compressor 11, a temperature sensor 10 </ b> B that detects the temperature of refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11, and a pressure that detects the pressure of refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11. A sensor 10C, a temperature sensor 10D that detects a low-pressure refrigerant temperature on the outlet side of the evaporator 14, and a temperature sensor 10E that detects intake air of the evaporator 14 are provided. Here, the temperature sensor 10 </ b> A detects cold start, and the pressure sensor 10 </ b> C detects abnormality of the compressor 11 or the heat pump cycle 10. Further, a fan 17 and an air passage 18 for blowing air to the evaporator 14 corresponding to the heat pump cycle 10 are provided.

  On the other hand, the second heat pump cycle 20 includes a compressor 21, a hot water supply heat exchanger (water heating heat exchanger) 22, a bath heat exchanger (water heating heat exchanger) 26, an expansion valve 23, and an evaporator 24. Are connected by piping in order. The second heat pump cycle 20 includes a bypass circuit 25 that bypasses the hot water supply heat exchanger 22, and the bypass circuit 25 is provided with a control valve 25 </ b> A. The second heat pump cycle 20 includes a temperature sensor 20A that detects the temperature of the compressor 21, a temperature sensor 20B that detects the temperature of refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21, and a pressure that detects the pressure of refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21. A sensor 20C, a temperature sensor 20D for detecting the low-pressure refrigerant temperature on the outlet side of the evaporator 24, and a temperature sensor 20F for detecting the inlet refrigerant temperature of the bath heat exchanger 26 are provided. The temperature sensor 10E is also used to detect the intake air of the evaporator 24. Here, the temperature sensor 20A detects a cold start, and the pressure sensor 20C detects an abnormality of the compressor 21 or the heat pump cycle 20. Further, a fan 27 and an air passage 28 for blowing air to the evaporator 24 corresponding to the heat pump cycle 20 are provided. The air passage 18 and the air passage 28 are independent of each other. The evaporators 14 and 24 are so-called fin tube type heat exchangers, and the upper part of the integrated fin tube type heat exchanger is used as the evaporator 14 and the lower part is used as the evaporator 24.

  Next, the hot water circuit of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described. The water pipe 12A of the hot water supply heat exchanger 12 and the water pipe 22A of the hot water supply heat exchanger 22 are connected in parallel. The inflow side of the water pipe 12 </ b> A and the water pipe 22 </ b> A is connected to a water supply pipe 34 such as a water pipe via a flow rate adjusting valve 31, a pressure reducing valve 32, and a check valve 33. Further, a control valve 35 that prevents water from entering the water pipe 22A is provided on the inflow side of the water pipe 22A.

  On the other hand, the outflow side of the water pipe 12A and the water pipe 22A is connected to a faucet 39 (hot water supply) for hot water supply such as a kitchen or a washroom through the check valve 36, the first mixing means 37, and the second mixing means 38. Terminal). In this hot water supply circuit, there are a flow rate sensor 30A (outflow detection means) for detecting water flow from a hot water supply terminal such as the faucet 39 and bath 60, and a temperature sensor 30B for detecting the incoming water temperature, and a water pipe 12A. A temperature sensor 30C for detecting the outlet temperature, a temperature sensor 30D for detecting the outlet temperature of the water pipe 22A, a temperature sensor 30E for detecting the temperature of the hot water mixed between the water pipe 12A and the water pipe 22A, and the first mixing means 37 There are provided a temperature sensor 30F for detecting the outlet temperature, a temperature sensor 30G for detecting the outlet temperature of the second mixing means 38, and a flow rate sensor 30H for detecting the flow rate flowing into the hot water supply heat exchanger 12 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 22. .

  Next, a hot water storage circuit of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described. A bottom pipe 42 of the hot water storage tank 40 is connected to a water supply pipe 34 such as a water pipe via a flow rate adjusting valve 31, a pressure reducing valve 32, and a check valve 41. The bottom pipe 42 is connected to the inflow side of the water pipe 12 </ b> A and the inflow side of the water pipe 22 </ b> A via the circulation pump 43. The upper circulation pipe 44 of the hot water storage tank 40 is connected to the outflow side of the water pipe 12 </ b> A and the outflow side of the water pipe 22 </ b> A via the control valve 45. The hot water storage tank 40 according to the present embodiment is a stacked hot water tank, and is configured so that stirring in the tank is prevented and high temperature water is accumulated at the top and low temperature water is accumulated at the bottom.

  On the other hand, the upper hot water discharge pipe 51 of the hot water storage tank 40 is connected to the first mixing means 37. Further, a water discharge pipe 52 branched from the bottom pipe 42 of the hot water storage tank 40 is connected to the second mixing means 38 via a check valve 53. The hot water storage tank 40 is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors 40B, 40C and 40D for detecting the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 40 in addition to the temperature sensor 40A for detecting the temperature of the hot water. In addition, a temperature sensor 40E that detects the hot water temperature derived from the bottom pipe 42 of the hot water storage tank 40 is provided on the inflow side pipe before branching of the water pipe 12A and the water pipe 22A.

  Next, the bath heating circuit of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to this embodiment will be described. The water pipe 26 </ b> A of the bath heat exchanger 26 is connected to a bath circulation pipe 62 including a circulation pump 61. The bath circulation pipe 62 includes a bypass pipe 63 that bypasses the water pipe 26 </ b> A, and a three-way valve 64 that switches between the water pipe 26 </ b> A and the bypass pipe 63. The bath circulation pipe 62 includes a flow sensor 60A for detecting the circulation amount of the bath water, a temperature sensor 60B for detecting the outlet temperature of the water pipe 26A, a temperature sensor 60C for detecting the circulation temperature of the bath water, A water level sensor 60D for detecting the water level is provided.

  Note that pouring into the bath 60 can be performed using a pouring pipe 71 branched from the downstream pipe of the second mixing means 38. The pouring pipe 71 is connected to the bath circulation pipe 62 or directly led to the bath 60. The pouring pipe 71 is provided with a pouring valve 72 and a flow rate sensor 70A for detecting the flow rate.

  The remote controller 81 instructs the hot water temperature from the faucet 39, the boiling temperature of the bath 60, the start of boiling, and the like. Based on the instructions from the remote controller 81, the first heat pump cycle 10 and the second heat pump cycle. 20 is controlled by the control means 82. The detection values of various sensors are input to this control means 82.

  Next, the drainage path of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to this embodiment will be described. A pressure relief valve 91 for draining the expansion water generated in the hot water storage tank 40 is provided. In addition, a tank drain valve 92 is provided at the tank drain port 92A for draining from the hot water storage tank 40 at the time of transfer or maintenance of the apparatus. Further, a drain water receiver 93 for receiving drain water generated from the evaporators 14 and 24 is provided. The pressure relief drainage passage 94, the tank drainage passage 95, and the drain water drainage passage 96 are communicated with a common drainage port 97. The above-described heat pump hot water supply apparatus is housed in the housing 100.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described. First, a normal hot water supply operation mode of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described.

  The faucet 39 is opened, and water flow is detected by the flow sensor 30A, and the first heat pump cycle 10 and the second heat pump cycle 20 start operation.

  In the first heat pump cycle 10, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 dissipates heat in the hot water supply heat exchanger 12, is depressurized by the expansion valve 13, absorbs heat in the evaporator 14, and is compressed in a gas state. 11 is inhaled. At this time, the control valve 16 is closed and no refrigerant flows into the bypass circuit 15.

  In the second heat pump cycle 20, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 21 radiates heat by the hot water supply heat exchanger 22, is depressurized by the expansion valve 23, absorbs heat by the evaporator 24, and is compressed in the gas state. 21 is inhaled. At this time, the control valve 25 </ b> A is closed and no refrigerant flows into the bypass circuit 25.

  The water supplied from the water supply pipe 34 passes through the flow rate adjustment valve 31, the pressure reducing valve 32, and the check valve 33 in order, branches, and the water pipe 12A of the hot water supply heat exchanger 12 and the hot water supply heat exchanger. 22 water pipes 22A. The hot water heated by the water pipe 12A and the water pipe 22A merges again, and then passes through the check valve 36, the first mixing means 37, and the second mixing means 38 in order, and is led to the faucet 39.

  The capacity control in the evaporator 14 is controlled such that the lower the detected flow rate of the thermal AC amount detection means 30H, the lower the rotation speed of the fan 17 and the lower the rotation speed of the compressor 11, thereby reducing the evaporation capacity. . As a result, the heating capacity in the hot water supply heat exchanger 12 is controlled to decrease as the detection flow rate of the thermal AC amount detection means 30H decreases. Further, the rotation of the compressor 11 is detected by the detected values from the temperature sensors 10B, 10D, 10E and the flow sensors 30A, 30H so that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30C approaches the hot water temperature (for example, 42 ° C.) set by the remote controller 81. The number and the opening degree of the expansion valve 13 are feedback-controlled.

  Further, the capacity control in the evaporator 24 is performed such that the lower the detection flow rate of the thermal AC amount detection means 30H, the lower the rotation speed of the fan 27 and the lower the rotation speed of the compressor 21, thereby reducing the evaporation capacity. Control. As a result, the heating capacity in the hot water supply heat exchanger 22 is controlled to decrease as the detection flow rate of the thermal AC amount detection means 30H decreases. Further, the rotation of the compressor 21 is detected by the detected values from the temperature sensors 20B, 20D, 10E and the flow rate sensors 30A, 30H so that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30D approaches the hot water temperature (for example, 42 ° C.) set by the remote controller 81. The number and the opening degree of the expansion valve 23 are feedback-controlled.

  Even if the capacity control in the heat pump cycles 10 and 20 is performed, if the water temperature from the hot water supply heat exchangers 12 and 22 is higher than the set temperature, cold water is supplied from the outlet pipe 52 to the second mixing means 38. It introduces and it controls so that the exit temperature in the 2nd mixing means 38 turns into preset temperature.

  Further, even when the capacity control in the heat pump cycles 10 and 20 is performed, when the water temperature from the hot water supply heat exchangers 12 and 22 is lower than the set temperature, hot water is introduced from the hot water storage tank 40 to the first mixing unit 37. And it controls so that the exit temperature in the 1st mixing means 37 turns into preset temperature. Further, when the outlet temperature at the first mixing means 37 is lower than the set temperature, the first mixing means 37 reduces the opening amount of the flow regulating valve 31 that is normally fully opened and reduces the flow rate of hot water from the faucet 39. The outlet temperature is controlled to be the set temperature.

  Next, start-up control in the hot water supply operation mode of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described. A sufficient amount of heat radiation cannot be obtained by the hot water heat exchangers 12 and 22 for a predetermined time from the start of the compressors 11 and 21. Accordingly, the opening of the faucet 39 is detected by the flow rate sensor 30A, and the first heat pump cycle 10 and the second heat pump cycle 20 start operation, and at the same time, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 40 is supplied from the upper hot water discharge pipe 51. Guide to one mixing means 37. At this time, the temperature of the temperature sensor 30E and the temperature sensor 40A is detected, and the mixing ratio in the first mixing unit 37 is controlled so that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30F becomes the set temperature. At the start of operation, since the water temperature from the hot water supply heat exchangers 12 and 22 is low, a large amount of hot water flows from the hot water supply tank 40 and then from the hot water supply tank 40 as the water temperature from the hot water supply heat exchangers 12 and 22 increases. Reduce hot water. And the hot water supply from the hot water supply tank 40 is stopped when the water temperature from the hot water heat exchangers 12 and 22 has sufficiently increased.

  Next, the hot water supply operation mode when the hot water supply load of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment is small will be described. In the hot water supply operation mode when the hot water supply load is small, the second heat pump cycle 20 including the bath heat exchanger 26 is not operated. Other operations are the same as those in the normal hot water supply operation mode, and start-up control of the hot water supply operation mode is also performed. In this case, it is preferable to close the control valve 35 and prevent water from entering the water pipe 22A.

  In this embodiment, the case of two heat pump cycles is shown. However, when three or more heat pump cycles are provided, the heat exchange for bath is performed in the same manner as the hot water supply operation mode when the hot water supply load is small. Preferably, the second heat pump cycle 20 provided with the vessel 26 is put on standby for bath heating operation.

  Next, the bath pouring operation mode of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described. When the user operates the remote controller 81 to instruct bath pouring, the control means opens the pouring valve 72 and operates the heat pump cycles 10 and 20 in the same manner as in the hot water supply operation mode so that the temperature is suitable for bathing (for example, 42 Pour hot water. By the way, bath pouring operation is the operation with the largest hot water supply load. The difference between the bath pouring operation mode and the hot water supply operation mode is that the number of rotations of the fans 17 and 27 and the compressors 11 and 21 is set to the maximum to control the evaporation capacity to be maximized.

  Next, the hot water storage operation mode of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described. In the hot water storage operation mode, the first heat pump cycle 10 and the second heat pump cycle 20 are operated. In addition, when not operating all of a some heat pump cycle, it is preferable to make the 2nd heat pump cycle 20 provided with the heat exchanger 26 for baths wait for bath heating operation, without performing an operation.

  The amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 40 is detected by the temperature sensors 40B, 40C, 40D. When the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 40 is detected to be below a predetermined value, the hot water storage operation is started. When it is detected that the temperature exceeds the predetermined value, the hot water storage operation is stopped. In the hot water storage operation mode, the control valve 45 is opened and the circulation pump 43 is operated. By operating the circulation pump 43, cold water is led out from the bottom pipe 42 of the hot water storage tank 40, branched and supplied to the water pipe 12 A of the hot water supply heat exchanger 12 and the water pipe 22 A of the hot water supply heat exchanger 22, respectively. Led. The hot water heated by the hot water supply heat exchanger 12 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 22 is returned to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 40 from the upper circulation pipe 44. Capacity control in the compressors 11 and 21 is performed by the temperature sensor 40E at the inlet temperature of the hot water supply heat exchangers 12 and 22, the temperature sensor 30E at the outlet temperature of the hot water supply heat exchangers 12 and 22, and the flow rate sensor 30H for circulation. It is controlled by the flow rate and temperature sensors 10B, 10D, 10E, 20B, and 20D.

  Here, in order to increase the amount of stored hot water in the hot water storage tank 40 and reduce the hot water storage tank 40, it is desirable to set the hot water storage temperature to a high temperature within a range that can be heated by a heat pump. When carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant, high-temperature hot water storage at about 90 ° C. is possible. At this time, the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressors 11 and 21 is about 120 ° C. On the other hand, the hot water temperature from the hot water heat exchangers 12 and 22 in the hot water supply operation or bath pouring operation mode is about 42 ° C., and the discharged refrigerant temperature is about 70 ° C. at this time. Thus, in the hot water storage operation mode, the refrigerant discharge pressure and temperature of the compressors 11 and 21 are higher than in the hot water supply and bath pouring operation modes. Here, when the operation is performed so that the evaporation capacities are approximately the same in each mode, the hot water storage operation mode having a high discharge refrigerant pressure and high temperature is subjected to a large load by the compressors 11 and 21 and its driving power source (not shown). For this reason, in the hot water storage operation mode, the evaporation capacity is set smaller than that in the hot water supply mode or the bath pouring operation mode. In order to reduce the evaporation capacity, the rotational speed of the compressors 11 and 21 is decreased to reduce the circulating refrigerant amount of the heat pump cycles 10 and 20, and the rotational speed of the fans 17 and 27 is decreased to reduce the air amount. Is made by

  As described above, in the hot water storage operation mode, even if the discharge pressure and temperature of the compressor are increased and the hot water temperature from the heat exchangers 12 and 22 for hot water supply is increased as compared with the hot water supply operation mode and the bath pouring operation mode, Since the evaporation capability is kept low, the compression load is small, and an excessive load on the compressors 11 and 21 and their drive power supply can be prevented beforehand. Moreover, the noise of the compressors 11 and 21 and the fans 17 and 27 can also be suppressed. Furthermore, an increase in the evaporation temperature, that is, an excessive increase in pressure on the low pressure side can be suppressed, and abnormal operations such as the overturning of the compressors 11 and 21 due to insufficient compression ratio can be prevented.

  Next, the bath heating operation mode of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described. In the bath heating operation mode, the second heat pump cycle 20 including the bath heat exchanger 26 is operated, and the control valve 25A is opened. Moreover, it is preferable to close the control valve 35 that prevents water from entering the water pipe 22A.

  The refrigerant compressed by the compressor 21 flows through the bypass circuit 25, dissipates heat in the bath heat exchanger 26, is decompressed by the expansion valve 23, absorbs heat in the evaporator 24, and enters the compressor 21 in a gas state. Inhaled. On the other hand, the circulation pump 61 is operated, the bath water in the bath 60 is guided to the water pipe 26A through the bath circulation pipe 62, and the bath water heated by the water pipe 26A is returned to the bath 60. In the capacity control in the compressor 21 and the opening degree control in the expansion valve 23, the temperature sensors 20F, 60B, 60C, 20B, and 20D are set so that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60C approaches the hot water temperature set by the remote controller 81. , 20F, 10E. The circulation amount in the circulation pump 61 is controlled by the flow sensor 60A. In order to detect the temperature in the bath 60, the bath heat exchanger 26 is bypassed by switching the three-way valve 64, and the bath water is circulated in the circulation pump 61, the bypass pipe 63, and the bath 60, and the temperature sensor 60C. To detect.

  Here, in the bath heating operation mode, the inlet temperature of the bath heat exchanger 26 is around 40 ° C., and the tapping temperature is around 60 ° C., which is higher than in the hot water supply operation mode and the bath pouring operation mode. The discharge refrigerant pressure and temperature increase. Here, if the operation is performed so that the evaporation capacities are approximately the same in each mode, a large heating load is applied to the compressor 21 and its drive power source (not shown) in the bath heating operation mode in which the discharged refrigerant pressure and temperature are high. For this reason, in the bath heating operation mode, the evaporation capacity is set smaller than that in the hot water supply mode and the bath pouring operation mode. In order to reduce the evaporation capacity, the rotation speed of the compressor 21 is decreased to reduce the amount of refrigerant circulated in the heat pump cycle 20, and the rotation speed of the fan 27 is decreased to decrease the amount of air.

  Next, the defrosting operation mode of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described. The defrosting operation in the first heat pump cycle 10 is performed by opening the control valve 16, opening the expansion valve 13, and stopping the operation of the fan 17.

  The refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 flows through the bypass circuit 15, dissipates heat in the evaporator 14, and is sucked into the compressor 21 in a gas state. In this way, the evaporator 14 can be defrosted by dissipating the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 for a predetermined time. The detection of frost formation is performed by the temperature sensor 10D and the temperature sensor 10E.

  The defrosting operation in the second heat pump cycle 20 is performed by opening the control valve 25A, opening the expansion valve 23, and stopping the operation of the fan 27.

  The refrigerant compressed by the compressor 21 flows through the bypass circuit 25, dissipates heat in the evaporator 24, and is sucked into the compressor 21 in a gas state. In this way, the evaporator 24 can be defrosted by dissipating the refrigerant in the evaporator 24 for a predetermined time. The detection of frost formation is performed by the temperature sensor 20D and the temperature sensor 10E.

  As described above, the control means 82 controls the evaporation capacity in the evaporators 17 and 27 according to each operation mode, so that the compressors 11 and 21 and their drive power supply can be stably and high without giving an excessive load. It can be operated with efficiency.

  Further, in the hot water storage operation mode, the control means 82 sets the hot water temperature from the hot water supply heat exchangers 12 and 22 to be higher than that in the bath pouring operation mode and the evaporation capacity to be smaller than that in the bath pouring operation mode. In the hot water storage operation mode, even if the discharge temperature of the compressors 11 and 21 is made higher than the bath pouring operation mode and the hot water temperature from the hot water supply heat exchangers 12 and 22 is made high, the evaporation capacity is kept low. Therefore, the compression load is small, and an excessive load on the compressor and its driving power source can be prevented in advance.

  Further, in the bath heating operation mode, the control means 82 has a hot water temperature from the bath heat exchanger 26 higher than a hot water temperature from the hot water heat exchanger 22 in the bath pouring operation mode, and has an evaporation capacity of the bath pouring bath. It is set smaller than in the operation mode. In the bath heating operation mode, even if the discharge temperature of the compressor 22 is made higher than the bath pouring operation mode and the hot water temperature from the bath heat exchanger 26 is increased, the evaporation capacity is kept low. The compression load is small and excessive input to the drive power supply of the compressor 21 can be prevented beforehand.

  Further, in the hot water supply operation mode, the control means 82 controls the evaporation capacity to be smaller as the detected flow rate of the flow rate sensor 30H decreases. And as the detected flow rate decreases, the evaporation capability is reduced to reduce the heating capability in the hot water supply heat exchangers 12 and 22, so that hot water can be discharged at a desired temperature in a wide range of hot water supply flow rates.

  Further, the control means 82 controls the evaporation capacity to be small by reducing the blowing capacity of the fans 17 and 27. And when evaporation capability may be small, the quantity of the air which is a heat absorption source can be decreased, and the noise of a fan can be suppressed. In addition, an increase in the evaporation temperature, that is, an excessive increase in pressure on the low pressure side can be suppressed, and abnormal operations such as overturning of the compressors 11 and 21 due to insufficient compression ratio can be prevented.

  The control means 82 controls the evaporation capacity to be small by reducing the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressors 11 and 21. And by reducing the refrigerant circulation amount, the operating rotational speed of the compressor is lowered, and noise can be suppressed.

  First mixing means 37 for mixing hot water from the hot water heat exchangers 12 and 22 and hot water from the hot water storage tank 40 is provided. And the lack of the heating capability at the time of heat pump driving | running | working start can be compensated, the hot-water temperature rise after water discharge from a hot-water supply terminal can be accelerated | stimulated, and the time until hot water can be discharged at preset temperature can be shortened more. Further, when the heating capacity is insufficient even in the steady state, the shortage can be compensated.

  Moreover, the 2nd mixing means 38 which mixes the warm water from the 1st mixing means 37 and the cold water from a water pipe is provided. And when the hot water temperature discharged from the 1st mixing means 37 is higher than preset temperature, water can be mixed and it can be made preset temperature.

  Further, the heat pump cycles 10 and 20 and the hot water storage tank 40 are accommodated in the same casing 100. And since an apparatus can be reduced in size, the freedom degree of installation can be expanded.

  Moreover, the refrigerant | coolant used for the heat pump cycles 10 and 20 is carbon dioxide, and it is operating in a state exceeding the critical pressure on the high pressure side. And hot water can be produced | generated, and when using the hot water storage tank 40 together, since hot hot water can be stored, a hot water storage tank can be reduced in size.

  In the above embodiment, carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant. However, other refrigerants such as 410A refrigerant and HC refrigerant may be used as the refrigerant.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated using the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus provided with the 1st heat pump cycle 10 and the 2nd heat pump cycle 20, you may use three or more heat pump cycles. A single heat pump cycle may also be used.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the hot water from the hot water supply heat exchanger 12 and the hot water from the hot water supply heat exchanger 22 are combined and discharged from the faucet 39 or the like, but the hot water from each hot water supply heat exchanger is separated. It is also possible to configure so that the hot water is discharged. At this time, if the heat pump cycle is operated under different conditions, two-temperature hot water can be discharged.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, it is still more preferable to provide the control valve which prevents the refrigerant | coolant inflow to the heat exchanger 22 for hot water supply in the 2nd heat pump cycle 20 provided with the heat exchanger 26 for baths.

  In the above embodiment, the hot water heated by the hot water supply heat exchanger 12 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 22 is returned from the upper circulation pipe 44 to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 40. However, the upper circulation pipe is used. The hot water supply heat exchanger 12 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 22 are connected to the outlet pipe 51 and the upper hot water supply pipe 51 by using the first mixing means 37 without providing the control valve 44 and the control valve 45. It is good also as a structure which returns the hot water heated with the heat exchanger 12 and the heat exchanger 22 for hot water supply to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 40. FIG.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the second heat pump cycle 20 including the bath heat exchanger 26 selectively uses the hot water supply heat exchanger 22 and the bath heat exchanger 26 has been described. It is also possible to perform an operation using the hot water heat exchanger 22 and the bath heat exchanger 26 at the same time.

  The first heat pump cycle 10 may also be provided with a bath heat exchanger 26 so as to have the same configuration as the second heat pump cycle 20, and as a use side heat exchanger other than the bath heat exchanger 26. Also good.

  The bath heat exchanger 26 in the above description can also be used as a heat exchanger for heating such as floor heating or hot air equipment.

  Further, the heat pump cycles 10 and 20 and the hot water storage tank 40 have been described as being housed in the same housing 100. However, the heat pump cycles 10 and 20 and the hot water storage tank 40 are separately housed in separate housings or are separated from each other at the time of factory shipment. It can be housed in a body and shipped, and these cases can be assembled and integrated at the installation site.

  As described above, the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention absorbs a necessary and sufficient amount of heat with each evaporator in each operation mode, and can be operated stably and efficiently without overloading the compressor. Yes, it has industrial applicability.

The circuit block diagram of the heat pump type hot-water supply apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 1st heat pump cycle 11 Compressor 12 Heat exchanger for hot water supply (water heating heat exchanger)
14 Evaporator 20 Second Heat Pump Cycle 21 Compressor 22 Heat Exchanger for Hot Water Supply (Water Heat Heat Exchanger)
24 Evaporator 26 Heat exchanger for bath 30H Flow rate sensor (thermal AC amount detection means)
37 First Mixing Means 38 Second Mixing Means 39 Faucet 40 Hot Water Storage Tank 60 Bath 82 Control Means 100 Case

Claims (10)

A heat pump cycle in which a compressor, a water heating heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an evaporator are connected by refrigerant piping, a fan that supplies air to the evaporator, and a hot water storage tank that stores water heated by the water heating heat exchanger And a control means for controlling the above, the control means comprising: a hot water supply operation mode for supplying hot water from a faucet or a shower; a hot water storage operation mode for heating water in a hot water storage tank; a bath pouring operation mode for pouring a bath; A heat pump type hot water supply apparatus that has at least one of the bath heating operation modes for heating the hot water, and controls the evaporation capability of the evaporator according to each operation mode. 2. The heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control means sets, in the hot water storage operation mode, the temperature of the hot water discharged from the water heating heat exchanger is higher than that in the bath pouring operation mode and the evaporation capacity is smaller than that in the bath pouring operation mode. . A bath heat exchanger for heating the bath water is added to the heat pump cycle, and the control means is configured to change the temperature of the hot water from the bath heat exchanger in the bath heating operation mode to the water heating heat exchanger in the bath pouring operation mode. The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature is higher than the temperature of the hot water from the hot water and the evaporation capacity is set smaller than that in the bath pouring operation mode. The heat alternating current amount detection means for detecting the flow rate of water flowing through the water heating heat exchanger is added, and the control means controls the evaporation capacity to be smaller as the detected flow rate is smaller in the hot water supply operation mode. The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims. The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the control means controls the evaporation capacity to be small by reducing the blowing capacity of the fan. The heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control means controls the evaporation capacity to be small by reducing the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressor. The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising first mixing means for mixing hot water from a water heating heat exchanger and hot water from a hot water storage tank. The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising second mixing means for mixing hot water from the first mixing means and cold water from the water pipe. The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the heat pump cycle and the hot water storage tank are housed in the same casing. The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the refrigerant used in the heat pump cycle is carbon dioxide, and the high pressure side is operated in a state exceeding a critical pressure.

Images