JP2005126970A - Greening panel, greening pot and greening method making use of them - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greening method capable of corresponding to an area having difficulty in greening such as the artificial seashore (a seaside bank or the like) and a slope or the like, making a landscape and an ecosystem recover by using a permeable/water retentive and firm greening panel or a greening pot to restore nature. <P>SOLUTION: The greening panel 20 connects a formation pellet consisting of large and small fine grain bodies making calcium carbonate as a main component with epoxy synthetic resin, it is constituted of a forming body having consecutive voids among the fine grains, and it has permeability together with water retentivity. The greening panel has the whole plate-like shape, a plurality of recess sections 21 used as a vessel part for soil to be used are formed in the upper part, and a plurality of lower recess sections 26 are formed in the lower part. Plants are vegetated on the greening panel 20 before or after the greening panel 20 is placed in a site. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a greening panel and a greening pot in a difficult-to-green area, and a greening method using the same.

  In order to protect the coastline from the waves caused by typhoons and the seasonal winds in winter, concrete revetments etc. are provided, but the function is respected and not only the natural landscape is damaged, but also ecosystems such as small animals Has an effect on. On the other hand, slopes such as dams and roads collapse every year due to typhoon damage. Natural stones to stabilize the slope damage the landscape and delay natural transition. These coasts and slopes are difficult to plant, and there are very few examples of planting.

  As a conventional technique, when a pot or pot as a greening base is made of cement or plastic, it is in a solidified state and therefore has poor water permeability and water retention. Plastics are subject to deterioration, deformation, and damage when subjected to some load, and are vulnerable to impact. In addition, when trying to solve by shape, auxiliary materials are required. And the greening base section becomes larger. In particular, coastal greening is a harsh environment such as waves, salt damage, and wind damage caused by typhoons and seasonal winds in winter, so there are many problems that cannot be cleared with conventional greening techniques, and it is still untouched.

  In such a situation, when coastal greening is performed, the greening panel is not moved or damaged by waves in the coastal bank, and it is necessary to withstand the pressurization due to the movement of the covering stone. Plants that are wind resistant are required. Particularly in sandy beaches, sand is easy to move by wind, the topography is unstable, sand is likely to be generated, and the roots and stems of plants are damaged. Therefore, sand sand prevention technology is required. There is also a need for plants that do not damage important parts involved in reproduction due to flying sand.

  In the case of slope revegetation, seed spraying with herbs is currently the mainstream in the embankment part, and there are many vegetation failures caused by seed loss due to rain, slope failure due to typhoon disaster, etc. This is the same as above. Also, in the bedrock, the decline of introduced species and natural transition are not smooth. In addition, natural stone masonry slopes have appeared in natural vegetation, but this is detrimental to beauty and the transition to natural vegetation is slow due to the bedrock. In addition, the greening method has not been established for this means, and it is still untouched.

In the case of rooftop greening, as shown in FIG. 10, in the conventional construction method 1, if the layer is composed of protective concrete slab 2, drainage layer 3, mixed soil 4, and lawn 5, Alkali components flow out, soil alkalinization progresses, and it has a great impact on plants and the like.
In addition, the mixed soil flows into the drainage layer of crushed stone and the like, which causes a decrease in water consumption and a clogging of the water pipe. Furthermore, surface irrigation provides a water path in a certain direction, resulting in poor permeation to the entire surface, and a drip irrigation system for labor saving is required. Moreover, in order to maintain a drainage function, a greening board | substrate cross section becomes large by providing a drainage layer with a thickness of 10 cm to 15 cm.

  Also, as a structure of the new construction method using artificial lightweight soil, there is a case where a molded product made of plastic or the like is used as a member of drainage / ventilation layer. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce an irrigation system. Moreover, since the artificial lightweight soil is lightweight, an adhesive or a member for fixing it is necessary. In addition, there is a possibility that the lightweight aggregate will be scattered during the construction of the lightweight aggregate, and that the lightweight aggregate may be separated and raised during the rain, and since the soil is lightweight, a new underground strut member such as an angle is required.

Conventionally, the following patent documents are mentioned as concrete blocks and the like for greening methods. However, it is difficult to say that the technology can solve the above problems.
JP 2000-328574 A JP-A-10-226585 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-86953 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-158896

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and can be used for strong greening with water permeability and water retention ability, which can cope with difficult greening areas such as artificial coasts (waterfront banks, etc.) and slopes. The object is to provide a panel, a pot for greening, and a greening method for restoring the landscape and ecosystem by using these panels and pot to restore nature.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has taken the following measures. That is,
The greening panel or the greening pot according to claim 1, wherein the generated pellets made of large and small fine particles mainly composed of calcium carbonate are combined with an epoxy-based synthetic resin, and the voids between the fine particles are continuously formed. It is characterized by having both water permeability and water retention.
The greening panel according to claim 2 is the greening panel according to claim 1, wherein the overall shape of the molded body is plate-like, and a plurality of concave portions serving as container portions of the soil are formed in the upper part. Features.

A greening panel according to a third aspect is the greening panel according to the second aspect, wherein a plurality of lower recesses are formed in the lower part.
The greening panel according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the greening panel according to claim 1, the overall shape of the molded body is a flower pot shape, and a concave portion that becomes a container portion of the soil is formed in the upper part. To do.
The tree planting method according to claim 5 is characterized in that a plant is vegetated before or after site placement in the planting panel or planting pot according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art with the above-described configuration, and the greening panel 20 has a strong and shock-resistant interaction between the uneven shape and the fine particle voids / adhesive, and a large amount of voids. It can be made into a structure (panel) that is rich in water permeability and water retention, allowing plants to grow in difficult-to-green areas. In addition, the greening panel is insoluble, has excellent skeletal strength, and is resistant to impact, so it will not be deformed or damaged by waves or earth pressure. And it has the effects of having both water permeability and water retention that are important for growing plants, and also having the function of a filter material and no outflow of soil.

  The best mode of the present invention will be described below.

(Pellets for production 10)
The greening panel or the pellet 10 (aggregate) for producing the pot according to the present embodiment is an industrial waste of a water purification plant, and is a hard, insoluble, large and small granular calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ , which is hard in nature. It is heavy and insoluble in water.The color is white to brown), and it is an industrial waste unique to Okinawa that can be recycled in the process of reducing the calcium hardness in order to soften the hard water at the water purification plant. 1.2).
In addition, the manufacturing method of the said large and small fine particle is as follows.
Okinawan water has high calcium hardness, and there are water quality problems such as white (lime) deposits on boilers and kettles, and water and coffee are not delicious compared to other prefectures. As a method of solving this problem, when an alkaline agent (caustic soda) is added to the hardness component Ca (HCO3) 2 in the raw water and the pH is raised to about 8 to 9, insoluble calcium carbonate is generated, so the water is softened. It becomes good water.
Ca (HCo ₃ ) ₂ + NaOH → CaCo ₃ ↓ + NaHCo ₃ + H ₂ O
Hardness component Caustic soda Calcium carbonate Sodium bicarbonate Water
(Production pellet)
The device “Pellet Reactor = Hardness Treatment Reaction Tower” that reduces and reduces hardness is an application of the principle called “Chosho”.

To explain this recycled aggregate in a little more detail,
The water purification plant in the northern part of the main island of Okinawa produces 1 Ton of pellets per day, and Miyakojima produces 6 Ton of pellets. Currently, the treatment method has become a problem, and various solutions are being investigated. Currently, they are piled up or partially used as concrete aggregate.

  Then, the small and large fine particles are partially bonded with the epoxy synthetic resin 11 having excellent strength and durability (FIG. 2), and the water 13 passes through the structure in which the fine particle voids 12 are continuous. A greening panel 20 is configured.

(Greening panel 20)
The greening panel 20 has an overall shape, and the upper part 24 is a soil container part, and a small container is not a stand-alone type but is connected to the concave part 21 instead of a stand-alone part. In addition, the lower part 25 is formed into a wavy uneven shape (in the case of the greening panel 20A) in order to provide water permeability, water retention and water absorption functions essential for plant growth, so that it is resistant to impact, and the ground and the greening panel A large number of protrusions were formed so that a space was formed between them.

  The greening panel 20 is a structure (panel) that is strong and impact resistant, rich in a large amount of 12, and excellent in water permeability and water retention, with the uneven shape and fine particle gap / adhesive interaction. And enabled the growth of plants in difficult-to-green areas. The greening panel 20 has, for example, a shape of 25 cm long × 40 cm wide × 4 cm high, and the main component is calcium carbonate. The greening panel 20 is insoluble, has excellent skeletal strength, and is resistant to impacts, so it will not be deformed or damaged by waves or earth pressure. It also has both water permeability and water retention, which are important for growing plants. It has the function of filter material, and there is no outflow of soil. Depending on the shape, there are a greening panel 20A, a greening panel 20B, and a greening pot 30.

(Various shapes)
Among the greening panels 20, the greening panel 20 </ b> A has a large number of recesses 21 formed on the upper surface thereof as shown in FIGS. 3, 4 </ b> A, 4 </ b> B, 5 </ b> C, and 5. Is formed with a lower recess 26 which is an uneven groove in two directions. In addition, a horizontal concave vertical ridge line 22 and a vertical concave horizontal ridge line 23 are formed between the concave portion 21 and the concave portion 21. These recesses facilitate water flow between the recesses 21. An example of the scale of each part is as shown in the drawing (unit: cm; the same applies hereinafter).

  In addition, among the greening panels 20, the greening panel 20B includes a concave portion 21 ′ that forms concave and convex grooves in two directions on the upper surface as shown in FIGS. 6 (A), (B), (C), and (D). And the lower surface is a flat lower flat surface portion 25 '. Similarly to the greening panel 20, the greening panel 20B has a horizontal concave vertical ridge line 22 'and a vertical concave horizontal ridge line 23' formed between the concave portion 21 'and the concave portion 21'. Is done.

(Method for forming greening panel 20)
Next, a method for forming the greening panel 20 from the production pellet 10 will be described. As a shaping | molding method, an epoxy-type synthetic resin is put into the production | generation pellet 10, and it stir-mixes and obtains a compound material. Further, a mold such as an egg tray with a concave upper part and a convex lower part is installed in a mold having a predetermined thickness and size. Then, the kneaded mixture is poured into a mold. Next, in order to mold the upper concave mold, it is pressed with a convex molded product having a prescribed size, and finally the details are finished using a gold trowel or the like.

(Characteristics of greening panel 20)
The planting panel 20 enables the growth of plants in difficult-to-green areas. In particular, since the greening panel 20A has a large number of spaces in the lower uneven layer and the ground (covering stones, etc.), soil and organic matter will naturally accumulate in the future, and transition to natural vegetation is possible by flying or floating seeds. I made it. Moreover, since it can be fixed to concrete or covering stone with mortar, etc., it is economical and construction efficiency is good.
Furthermore, it is possible to breed a wide variety of plants (for example, ground cover plants such as lawns, flowers, climbing plants, trees, etc.), and propagation methods (for example, seeds, stems, underground stems, cuttings, etc.) are widened. In addition, although pot seedlings have been used conventionally, there were defects such as weed control until planting digging and completion of greening. However, by raising seedlings with a greening panel 20 and making them into mat plants, the disadvantages of the prior art can be solved. . In addition, recycling the pellets produced in the process of water softening greatly contributes to the formation of a recycling-type meeting.

(About plant cultivation pots)
The greening pot 30 is shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, for example. FIG. 7A is a plan view of the greening pot, and FIG. 7B is a side view thereof. As shown in FIG. 7A, the planting pot 30 has a hexagonal truncated pyramid shape, and the overall shape is a hexagonal truncated pyramid shaped flower pot that becomes smaller as shown in FIG. 7B. The shape is large, and the upper part is formed so as to widen the root extension area in the soil container part. The main component of the pellet 10 is calcium carbonate, which is insoluble and has both water permeability and water retention that are important for growing plants. Moreover, the magnitude | size is as a drawing as an example (unit: cm).

(Greening pot 30)
Next, a method for forming the greening pot 30 from the production pellet 10 will be described.
As a molding method, an outer mold and an inner mold having a predetermined standard are set, and the formed pellets and the epoxy synthetic resin are stirred and mixed with a predetermined composition, and the kneaded mixture is sequentially fixed and solidified. By pouring into

(Characteristics of pot for greening 30)
This planting pot 30 enabled early growth of plants in difficult-to-green areas. That is, soil and organic matter were naturally deposited on the upper part, and transition to natural vegetation was made possible by flying or floating seeds. In particular, since it can be fixed to natural stone masonry of cuts, mortar, etc. on the coastal stones, it is economical and construction efficiency is good.

(Rooftop greening)
When the greening panel 20 of Example 1 is constructed, the concave portion 21 has functions of a water retention layer and a drainage layer, and the upper surface portion (upward convex portion) 24 has functions of a drainage layer and a water absorption layer. The lower surface portion (lower convex portion 25) functions as an air layer and a water storage tank.
In particular, as shown in FIG. 8, since the lower part of the greening panel 20A has a shape of a lower convex part 25 for rooftop greening, the space part has a function of aeration / air layer, and air always circulates and plants. Supply the necessary oxygen to the roots. Furthermore, since the greening panel 20A has a porous structure, adjusting the height of the drainage holes allows excess water to supply moisture to the roots by the capillary action of the protrusions, thereby eliminating the need for irrigation. it can.

  Further, since the lower surface portion of the greening panel 20A has a number of lower convex portions 25, it has a high pressure resistance and there is no problem in working on it. Also, there is no problem with bending due to earth pressure. In addition, the upper part is a recess 21, and a lightweight porous aggregate (Bacus charcoal, etc.) is put into that part to serve as a water storage and the excess water is drained naturally, and it has both a water retention function and a drainage function. It is not necessary to increase the thickness of the layer, and the cost can be reduced.

In addition, bagasse charcoal made by carbonizing bagasse (by light weight and high water absorption, porous), and by-product compost (plant fiber) from forestry, mainly used as a binder, is rich in viscosity and nutrients. Jaguar (a heavy-viscous soil with gray color that has been leached and deposited from lime coal) is blended to produce organic artificial soil.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, when the artificial soil 40 is laid and leveled to plant a tree or a tree 35, the greening panel 20 can be constructed as a tree support. Further, by fixing a metal fitting such as a hook with a mortar on the top and fixing the greening pot 30 and the root trunk with a decomposable band or the like, the greening panel 20 can also serve as an underground strut member, which is economical. Furthermore, since the aggregate is heavy, there is no need for a metal fitting to be fixed to the concrete, it is only necessary to install it, and the construction efficiency is good.

  In addition, in order to use for the cultivation of ground cover plants such as lawns as thin-layer greening, when the artificial soil is spread as a soil in the concave portion at the top of the greening panel 20 to form a plant growth base layer, each concave portion 21 is used. Since they are connected to each other, there is a sufficient growth space, and various plants (for example, lawn, rhododendron, medallion, flower, etc.) can be grown in a thin layer base.

  This configuration will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 8. The root prevention sheet 32 is laid on the base 33, the greening panel 20 is installed, the artificial soil 40 is placed on the upper surface, and flowers / flowers are placed thereon. The lawn 34 is cultivated. In addition, finished products such as lawn that have been brought up on the training base are installed directly on the rooftop and veranda. Because it can be constructed, a lawn garden and flower field can be easily created.

(Medium tree planting)
As shown in FIG. 9, for the cultivation of medium-high tree planting, flat plates of the greening panel 20 </ b> B are erected on the left and right on the base portion 33 within a predetermined range, and the drainage holes 27 are formed at the lower part of the greening panel 20 </ b> B. It is formed. A water injection pipe 60 is installed along one of the greening panels 20B, a root-proof sheet 32 is laid on the base 33, and the greening panel 20 is juxtaposed. Charcoal 50 is arranged.
In particular, the characteristic of this method is that when Bacus charcoal 50 or ash ash is spread over the recesses 21 of the greening panel 20, the water retention is increased due to the porosity and an air layer is formed, and the growth of anaerobic bacteria is promoted. It can suppress and prevent root rot, and is useful for the growth of microorganisms such as mycorrhizal fungi and the purification of soil water.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, the water injection pipe 60 can be produced with the production | generation pellet 10 and an adhesive agent on design. The water injection pipe 60 is used for irrigation at the time of drying, and supplies water to the bottom surface and soil. As for the underground strut, the greening panel 20 may be firmly connected with a mortar or an adhesive in a place where the band is degradable and the environment such as wind pressure is severe.
(Other)

  In the said Example, when constructing on an embankment slope, the greening panel 20 which grew plants, such as a bahijagrass, a sharipai, a tovera, and St. Augustine, may be installed in a slope. Moreover, when constructing on a cut slope, after the installation of the greening panel 20, it may be possible to promote the early greening and the early forestation by performing a combination type foundation work in which the soil spraying and the thick layer base material spraying are performed. .

In addition, plants such as Yaeyama Hirugi, Mizambibi Gunby Hyugagao, Japanese pine, Kusatobera, Montanoki, Adan, etc. can be nurtured and planted on the shore or coastal bank, and fixed with mortar for early greening. Moreover, on the sandy beach, the greening panel 20 can be installed after plant seedling to prevent sand movement and to prevent flying sand and early greening. In this case, the greening panel 20 may be arranged using covering stones, non-woven fabrics, rubble stones, etc., connected to mortar, and filled with soil generated on site.
Moreover, in natural stone masonry in cuts, the planting pot 30 can be fixed with a mortar or the like in the gap between the natural stone and natural planting or seedling growing seedling planting pot 30 for early planting.

  The present invention is most suitable for use on a beach, slope, or the like where plant growth conditions are poor, but it is needless to say that the present invention is also preferable for application on plain land with normal growth conditions.

The perspective view of the production | generation pellet of Example 1 which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing of the panel for greening of Example 1. FIG. The top view (A) and partial perspective view (B) of the panel A for greening. The top view (A), front view (B), and side view (C) of the panel A for greening. Explanatory drawing of the planar shape of the panel A for greening. The top view (A), front view (B), side view (C), and perspective view (D) of the panel B for greening. The greening pot top view (A) and one side view (B) of Example 2. FIG. Explanatory drawing of Example 3 (construction example). Explanatory drawing of Example 4 (construction example). Explanatory drawing of a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

1 .... Conventional construction method 2 .... Protective concrete slab 3 .... Drainage layer 4 .... Mixed soil 5 .... Grass 10 .... Pellets 11 .... Epoxy resin 12 .... Void 13 .... Water 20, 20A, 20B ... Greening panel 21, 21 ′ ·· Concavities 22, 22 ′ ·· Concave vertical ridge line 23,23 '·· Concave lateral ridge line 24 ·· Upper surface portion (upward convex portion) 25 ·· Lower surface portion (lower convex portion) 25 '·· Lower flat part 26 ·· Lower recess 27 ·· Drain hole 30 ·· Greening pot 31 ·· Recess 32 ·· Root-proof sheet 33 ·· Base part 34 ·· Flower / lawn 35 ·· Takagi 40 ·・ Artificial soil 50 ・ ・ Bacus charcoal 60 ・ ・ Water injection pipe

Claims (5)

  The formed pellets composed of large and small fine particles mainly composed of calcium carbonate are combined with an epoxy synthetic resin, and formed from a molded body in which voids between the fine particles are continuous. A panel for greening or a pot for greening.   2. The greening panel according to claim 1, wherein the overall shape of the molded body is plate-like, and a plurality of concave portions serving as container portions of the soil are formed in the upper part.   The greening panel according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of lower recesses are formed in the lower part.   2. The greening pot according to claim 1, wherein the overall shape of the molded body is a flowerpot shape, and a concave portion is formed on the upper portion to be a container portion of the soil.   The planting method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the planting plant is vegetated before or after site placement.

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