JP2005047825A - Fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound - Google Patents

Fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound Download PDF

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JP2005047825A
JP2005047825A JP2003203634A JP2003203634A JP2005047825A JP 2005047825 A JP2005047825 A JP 2005047825A JP 2003203634 A JP2003203634 A JP 2003203634A JP 2003203634 A JP2003203634 A JP 2003203634A JP 2005047825 A JP2005047825 A JP 2005047825A
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compound
fluorinated
integer
reaction
group
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JP3981049B2 (en
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Hidemitsu Uno
英満 宇野
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Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd
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Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound which is a raw material for polyamides and polyimides and can exhibit an original refractive index, when a polymer is finally produced from the compound. <P>SOLUTION: This fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound represented by general formula (I) äR<SP>1</SP>is a perfluoro lower alkyl; (j) is an integer of 0 to 3; (k) is an integer of 1 to 4, [wherein (j)+(k) ≤ 4]}. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、光学材料,配線基板材料,感光材料や液晶材料等の中間原料として有用なフッ素化ビフェニルジアミン化合物およびその中間原料化合物に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
高度にフッ素置換されたアリールジアミン化合物は、ポリアミドやポリイミドの原料化合物とすることができる。斯かるポリアミドおよびポリイミドは芳香族環を有すると共に高度にフッ素置換されていることから、剛直性や耐熱性に優れ、特に光ファイバーなどの光学材料として有用である。
【0003】
この様なアリールジアミン化合物のうちビフェニルジアミン化合物が、特許文献1に開示されている。
【0004】
【化5】

Figure 2005047825
【0005】
また、特許文献2と3には、更に高度にフッ素置換されたアリールジアミン化合物が記載されている。
【0006】
【化6】
Figure 2005047825
【0007】
しかし、光ファイバー材料としてポリアミドやポリイミドが用いられる場合には様々な屈折率のものが要求されるため、その中間原料であるアリールジアミン化合物でも、多様な化合物群が求められている。
【0008】
【特許文献1】
特開2002−348268号公報(請求項1,実施例1)
【特許文献2】
特開平5−1148号公報(請求項5,段落[0119])
【特許文献3】
Ando,S.ら,ケムテック(CHEMTECH),第20〜27頁(1994年)
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述した様に、これまでにも様々なアリールジアミン化合物が知られているが、最終的に高分子材料とするに当たって様々な屈折率を有するものが必要とされるため、更なる化合物のバリエーションが要求されている。
【0010】
そこで、本発明が解決すべき課題は、ポリアミドやポリイミドの原料となるアリールジアミン化合物であって、最終的に高分子とされた場合に独自の屈折率を示すことができ、且つ安価に製造できるものを提供することにある。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決すべく、種々のフッ素化アリールジアミン化合物を合成し探索を重ねたところ、ビフェニル化合物にペルフルオロアルキル基を導入した化合物が上記課題を解決できるものであって、特に低屈折率の高分子材料が得られる製造原料として適していることを見出して、本発明を完成した。
【0012】
また、本発明化合物は高度にフッ素化されていることから、耐熱性,耐薬品性,撥水性,低誘電性に優れており、一般的な材料の原料化合物としても優れている。
【0013】
本発明に係るフッ素化ビフェニルジアミン化合物は、下記式(I)で表されるものである。
【0014】
【化7】
Figure 2005047825
【0015】
[上記式中、Rはペルフルオロ低級アルキル基を示し、jは0〜3の整数,kは1〜4の整数(但し、j+k≦4とする)を示す。]。
【0016】
本発明化合物は新規なものであり、高分子材料の製造原料としてバリエーションの幅を広げるものである。
【0017】
また、本発明に係るフッ素化ビフェニルジニトロ化合物は、上記フッ素化ビフェニルジアミン化合物の中間原料化合物であって、下記式(II)で表される。
【0018】
【化8】
Figure 2005047825
【0019】
[上記式中、Rはペルフルオロ低級アルキル基を示し、mは0〜3の整数,nは1〜4の整数(但し、m+n≦4とする)を示す。]。
【0020】
本発明に係るフッ素化ベンゼン化合物(III)は、下記式で表されるものであって、上記フッ素化ビフェニルジアミン化合物またはフッ素化ビフェニルジニトロ化合物の中間原料化合物として利用することができる。
【0021】
【化9】
Figure 2005047825
【0022】
[上記式中、Xはアミノ基またはニトロ基を示し、Yはハロゲン原子(但し、フッ素原子を除く)を示し、Rはペルフルオロ低級アルキル基を示し、pは0〜3の整数,qは1〜4の整数(但し、p+q≦4とする)を示す。]。
【0023】
また、本発明に係るフッ素化ベンゼン化合物(IV)は、下記式で表されものであり、上記フッ素化ベンゼン化合物(III)の原料化合物として利用することができる。
【0024】
【化10】
Figure 2005047825
【0025】
[上記式中、Yはハロゲン原子(但し、フッ素原子を除く)を示し、Rはペルフルオロ低級アルキル基を示し、rは0〜3の整数,tは1〜4の整数(但し、r+t≦4とする)を示す。]。
【0026】
本願明細書において「ペルフルオロ低級アルキル基」とは、炭素数が1〜6のアルキル基であって且つ全ての水素原子がフッ素原子で置換されている基をいう。この様な基としては、例えばトリフルオロメチル基,ペンタフルオロエチル基,ヘプタフルオロプロピル基,ヘプタフルオロイソプロピル基,ペルフルオロブチル基,ペルフルオロイソブチル基,ペルフルオロ−sec−ブチル基,ペルフルオロ−tert−ブチル基などを挙げることができ、当該基として好適にはベルフルオロC−Cアルキル基であり、更に好ましくはベルフルオロC−Cアルキル基であり、特に好ましくはトリフルオロメチル基である。
【0027】
上記式(III),(IV)中のYまたはYの定義における「ハロゲン原子」は、フッ素原子以外の塩素原子,臭素原子またはヨウ素原子をいい、好適には臭素原子またはヨウ素原子であり、最適には臭素原子である。
【0028】
上記式(I)〜(IV)中、「j,m,p,r」としては、好適には1〜3の整数であり、更に好適には2または3であり、最適には3である。また、「k,n,q,t」としては、好適には1〜3の整数であり、更に好適には1または2であり、最適には1である。更に、「j+k」,「m+n」,「p+q」および「r+t」の値は、2〜4が好ましく、更に好ましくは3または4であり、最適には4である。
【0029】
上記化合物(I)〜(IV)における置換基の位置は特に制限されないが、化合物(I),(II)中のアミノ基またはニトロ基の置換位置は、ビフェニル結合位に対して3位または4位が好ましく、更に好ましくは3位である。また、上記化合物(I),(II)においては、それぞれの置換基は、左右対称となる位置に存在することが好ましい。即ち、一方のフェニル基においてアミノ基の置換位置が3位であれば、もう一方のフェニル基でも、アミノ基は3位で置換していることが好ましい。
【0030】
因みに、上記式(I)〜(IV)の化合物はそれぞれ独立のものであるが、化合物(II)〜(IV)は、化合物(I)の中間原料である関係にある。従って、これら化合物が中間原料化合物と生成化合物の関係にある場合には、当然にR〜RやYとYは同一の基となるし、jとmなどRやFの置換数は同一となる。
【0031】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係るフッ素化ビフェニルジアミン化合物が享有する最大の特徴は、高分子材料の製造原料としてその屈折率のバリエーションを増やすことができるものであり、特に低屈折率のポリイミドまたはポリアミドを与え得る点にある。
【0032】
即ち、従来でも高分子材料の中間原料となるフッ素化アリールジアミン化合物は知られていたが、多様な屈折率を与え得る更なる化合物群が求められていた。
【0033】
そこで本発明者らは、ビフェニル化合物にペルフルオロアルキル基を導入した化合物は、最終的に低屈折率のポリイミドやポリアミドを与え得ることを見出して、本発明を完成した。更に、本発明に係るフッ素化ビフェニルジニトロ化合物およびフッ素化ベンゼン化合物は、本発明のフッ素化ビフェニルジアミン化合物の製造原料化合物として有用である。
【0034】
以下に、斯かる特徴を発揮する本発明の実施形態、及びその効果について説明する。
【0035】
本発明に係るフッ素化ビフェニルジアミン化合物は、以下に示すスキームにより容易に合成することができる。
【0036】
【化11】
Figure 2005047825
【0037】
[上記式中、X,Y,R,jおよびkは、前述したものと同義を示す。]。
【0038】
以下、上記各工程について説明する。
【0039】
(A工程)
A工程は化合物(IV)にニトロ基を導入し、必要な場合には、当該ニトロ基を更にアミノ基へ官能基変換する工程である。当該工程で原料となる化合物(IV)は比較的単純な構造を有するので、市販のものを用いるか、或いは市販の化合物から当業者公知の方法により合成したものを使用することができる。
【0040】
ニトロ基の導入は、従来用いられている一般的な方法を使用できる。例えば、濃硫酸と濃硝酸からなる混酸或いは濃硝酸のみへ、原料化合物(IV)をゆっくり加えればよい。当該添加時の温度は、原料化合物等によるが、一般的には室温〜60℃とし、添加後は室温〜100℃で攪拌する。添加後の反応時間は、一般的には1〜12時間であり、好適には1〜5時間とする。
【0041】
反応終了後は、過剰に発熱しない程度にゆっくり水を加えた後、ジエチルエーテル,酢酸エチル,クロロホルム等の水不溶性溶媒で抽出し、有機層を水,重曹水,食塩水等で洗浄した後に無水硫酸ナトリウムや無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥する。当該乾燥溶液を濃縮後、得られた目的化合物(III)を精製無しで次の工程で用いてもよいし、減圧蒸留やシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーなどで精製してもよい。
【0042】
その他のニトロ基の導入方法としては、二酸化窒素とオゾン、或いは五酸化二窒素などを使用する方法を挙げることができる。
【0043】
因みに、ニトロ基の導入位置(配向性)は他の置換基の種類や数に依存するが、複数の化合物が生成する場合には、上述した方法等で目的化合物を精製すればよい。
【0044】
また、更にニトロ基をアミノ基へ官能基変換する場合は、後述する工程Dと同様の方法を用いることができる。
【0045】
(B工程およびC工程)
B工程およびC工程は、化合物(III)をカップリングすることによって、化合物(III)中のXがアミノ基である場合には直接化合物(I)を(C工程)、ニトロ基である場合には化合物(II)を(B工程)合成するための工程である。当該カップリング反応の種類は、従来法を応用すればよく特に制限されないが、例えばウルマン反応やスズキカップリング反応を用いればよい。
【0046】
ウルマン反応は、化合物(III)を有機溶媒に溶解した上で加熱し、銅粉等の銅化合物を加えることにより行なう。
【0047】
ここで使用できる溶媒は、化合物(III)を適度に溶解することができ且つ反応を阻害しないものであれば特に制限なく使用できるが、例えば、ジメチルホルムアミドやジメチルアセトアミド等のアミド類;ベンゼンやトルエン等の芳香族炭化水素類などを用いる。
【0048】
反応温度は主に原料化合物によるが、一般的には50〜200℃とし、好適には80〜150℃であり、反応時間は、一般的には1〜12時間であり、好適には1〜5時間である。
【0049】
反応終了後は、室温まで冷却した後に反応溶液(不溶成分を含む)を水でクエンチし、ジエチルエーテルなど水に不溶の有機溶媒で抽出し、当該抽出溶媒を塩酸,水,食塩水等で洗浄し、次いで硫酸ナトリウム等で乾燥した後に減圧濃縮する。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー等で精製し、目的化合物(I)または(II)を得る。
【0050】
スズキカップリング反応は、先ず、化合物(III)をアリールリチウムまたはグリニャール試薬に導いた後にホウ酸エステルを作用させ、これを加水分解することによってアリールボロン酸を得る。次に、炭酸ナトリウム等の塩基とパラジウム触媒の存在下、当該アリールボロン酸と化合物(III)を反応させることによって、化合物(I)または(II)を得ることができる。
【0051】
(D工程)
D工程は化合物(II)のニトロ基をアミノ基へ還元する工程であり、一般的な還元方法を応用することによって行なうことができる。例えば、化合物(II)の溶液中、触媒の存在下、水素ガスを作用させることにより還元することができる。
【0052】
この場合の溶媒は、化合物(II)を適度に溶解することができ且つ反応を阻害しないものであれば特に制限なく使用することができるが、例えば、テトラヒドロフランやジエチルエーテル等のエーテル類;メタノールやエタノール等のアルコール類;酢酸等の脂肪族カルボン酸類;およびこれらと水との混合溶媒を挙げることができる。また、触媒としてはパラジウムカーボンやパラジウムブラック等のパラジウム触媒やニッケル,白金等を用いることができる。
【0053】
当該反応は、一般的には室温で行なうことができ、反応時間は、一般的には1時間〜1日である。
【0054】
反応終了後は塩酸を加え、次いで重曹水等で中和した後に水と混合しない有機溶媒で抽出する。当該抽出溶媒を水や食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウム等で乾燥した後、減圧濃縮し、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー等の公知方法で精製する。
【0055】
その他の還元方法としては、亜鉛,鉄,スズ等の金属粉末と塩酸等の鉱酸による方法を挙げることができる。
【0056】
こうして得られたフッ素化ビフェニルジアミン化合物(I)は、更にビス無水フタル酸化合物等と反応させることによってポリイミドやポリアミドとし、光ファイバーや基板等の材料として利用することができる。
【0057】
以下に、実施例を示すことにより本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、本発明の範囲はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0058】
【実施例】
(製造例1) 3−ブロモ−2,4,6,1’,1’,1’−ヘキサフルオロトルエンの合成
【0059】
【化12】
Figure 2005047825
【0060】
温度計と冷却管を付けた3つ口反応容器に2,4,6,1’,1’,1’−ヘキサフルオロトルエン10g(50mmol)を入れた。当該冷却管の先には乾燥管を付け、反応が進行するに伴って発生するHBrガスを、NaOHトラップを通じてから排気できる様に器具を組んだ。反応容器に更に鉄粉0.1gを加え加熱し、75〜80℃の範囲で臭素3.1mLを30分かけて加え、その後2時間攪拌した。反応の進行をガスクロマトグラフィーでチェックしたところ、反応が完結していなかったので更に鉄粉0.2gを加え、4時間攪拌した。
【0061】
反応終了後、反応溶液を室温まで冷却した後に重曹水でクエンチし、ジエチルエーテルで抽出し、有機層を飽和重曹水,水,飽和食塩水で洗浄し、更に無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。これを濃縮すると、オイル状の残渣が得られた。当該残渣を減圧蒸留(20mmHg,47〜49℃)により精製し、標記化合物83g(収率27%)を得た。
19F−NMRスペクトル(CDCl,ppm): −108.8(m, 1F), −100.7(m, 1F), −95.3(dd, 1F), −56.9(dd, 3F)
IRスペクトル(cm−1): 1624, 1446, 1296, 1149, 1061
MSスペクトル(EI):m/z 278, 259, 199。
【0062】
(製造例2) 3−ブロモ−2,4,6,1’,1’,1’−ヘキサフルオロ−5−ニトロトルエンの合成
【0063】
【化13】
Figure 2005047825
【0064】
3つ口反応容器に濃硫酸5.35gを入れ、そこへ発煙硝酸2.26gをゆっくり加えた。当該混酸を45℃に昇温後、上記製造例1で得られた3−ブロモ−2,4,6,1’,1’,1’−ヘキサフルオロトルエン2.52g(9mmol)を加え、80℃まで昇温して2.5時間攪拌した。
【0065】
反応終了後、反応溶液を室温まで冷却し、反応容器を塩水で冷却しつつ注意深く水を加えてクエンチした。当該溶液をジエチルエーテルで抽出し、有機層を飽和重曹水に続いて飽和食塩水で洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、減圧濃縮した。得られた粗標記化合物は、これ以上精製することなく次の反応で用いた。収量は2.67gであった。
19F−NMRスペクトル(CDCl,ppm): −117.6(m, 1F), −101.7(d, 1F), −93.3(m, 1F), −56.7(dd, 3F)
IRスペクトル(cm−1): 1628, 1554, 1454, 1354, 1296, 1157
MSスペクトル(EI):m/z 323, 304, 277, 198。
【0066】
(製造例3) 2,4,6,2’,4’,6’−ヘキサフルオロ−3,3’−ジニトロ−5,5’−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ビフェニルの合成
【0067】
【化14】
Figure 2005047825
【0068】
3つ口反応容器に上記製造例2で得られた3−ブロモ−2,4,6,1’,1’,1’−ヘキサフルオロ−5−ニトロトルエン1.0g(粗化合物,3.1mmol)を入れ、反応容器を120℃に温めた後、銅粉0.3gを加えて激しく攪拌し、更にジメチルホルムアミド1.5mLを加え、120℃のまま2.5時間攪拌した。
【0069】
反応終了後、反応溶液を室温まで冷却して水を加え、当該溶液をジエチルエーテルで抽出し、有機層を1%塩酸に続いて飽和食塩水で洗浄した。これを無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、標記化合物0.28g(収率37%)を得た。
19F−NMRスペクトル(CDCl,ppm): −107.3(dd, 1F), −101.3(m, 1F), −98.8(m, 1F), −56.6(dd, 3F)
IRスペクトル(cm−1): 1635, 1558, 1458, 1296, 1153, 1076
MSスペクトル(EI):m/z 488, 469, 396, 377, 327, 258。
【0070】
(製造例4) 2,4,6,2’,4’,6’−ヘキサフルオロ−5,5’−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ビフェニル−3,3’−ジアミンの合成
【0071】
【化15】
Figure 2005047825
【0072】
反応容器にテトラヒドロフラン5mLおよびPd/C0.06gを入れ、容器内を水素置換し、30分間激しく攪拌しながら活性化した。そこへ上記製造例3で得られた2,4,6,2’,4’,6’−ヘキサフルオロ−3,3’−ジニトロ−5,5’−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ビフェニル0.29g(0.57mmol)のテトラヒドロフラン溶液(5mL)を加え、一晩攪拌した。しかし反応が完結していなかったため、濃塩酸0.1mLを加え、更に1日攪拌した。
【0073】
反応終了後、反応溶液を飽和重曹水で中和し、セライト濾過した。濾液をジエチルエーテルで抽出し、飽和食塩水で洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、標記化合物0.16g(収率66%)を得た。
H−NMRスペクトル(CDCl,ppm): 3.9(s, 2H)
19F−NMRスペクトル(CDCl,ppm): −129.4(m, 1F), −126.2(m, 1F), −123.7(dd, 1F), −56.5(dd, 3F)
IRスペクトル(cm−1): 1628, 1485, 1327, 1234, 1180, 1138, 1061
MSスペクトル(EI):m/z 428, 409。
【0074】
(試験例1) 屈折率の計算
上記製造例4で得られたフッ素化ビフェニルジアミン化合物と、公知であるビスフタル酸無水物とから得られるポリイミドの屈折率を、計算ソフトとしてCerius ver4.7(Accelrys Inc社)のSynthiaモジュールを使用して推算した。
【0075】
また比較例として、2,3,4,5,2’,3’,4’,5’−オクタフルオロビフェニル−3,3’−ジアミンおよび2,4,5,6−テトラフルオロ−1,3−ジアミノベンゼンから同様に得られるポリイミドの屈折率も、同様に計算した。結果を表1に示す。
【0076】
【表1】
Figure 2005047825
【0077】
上記結果で明らかな様に、本発明化合物は、公知のアリールジアミン化合物から誘導されたポリイミド等よりも低い屈折率を示すポリイミド等を与えることが実証された。
【0078】
【発明の効果】
本発明のフッ素化ビフェニルジアミン化合物は、ポリアミドやポリイミドなど高分子材料の原料化合物として新規なものであるので、これまでにない屈折率を示す高分子材料を与え得るものとして有用である。
【0079】
また、本発明に係るフッ素化ビフェニルジニトロ化合物およびフッ素化ベンゼン化合物は、上記フッ素化ビフェニルジアミン化合物の中間原料化合物として有用である。
【0080】
従って、本発明化合物は、高分子材料の原料化合物として、産業上有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound useful as an intermediate material for optical materials, wiring board materials, photosensitive materials, liquid crystal materials, and the like, and an intermediate material compound thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Highly fluorine-substituted aryldiamine compounds can be used as raw materials for polyamides and polyimides. Since such polyamides and polyimides have an aromatic ring and are highly fluorine-substituted, they are excellent in rigidity and heat resistance, and are particularly useful as optical materials such as optical fibers.
[0003]
Among such aryl diamine compounds, a biphenyl diamine compound is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
[0004]
[Chemical formula 5]
Figure 2005047825
[0005]
Patent Documents 2 and 3 describe more highly fluorine-substituted aryldiamine compounds.
[0006]
[Chemical 6]
Figure 2005047825
[0007]
However, when polyamide or polyimide is used as an optical fiber material, materials having various refractive indexes are required. Therefore, various compound groups are required even for aryldiamine compounds which are intermediate raw materials.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2002-348268 (Claim 1, Example 1)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-5-1148 (Claim 5, paragraph [0119])
[Patent Document 3]
Ando, S.M. Et al., Chemtech, pp. 20-27 (1994)
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, various aryl diamine compounds have been known so far. However, since compounds having various refractive indexes are required to finally make a polymer material, there are further variations of compounds. It is requested.
[0010]
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is an aryldiamine compound as a raw material for polyamide and polyimide, which can exhibit a unique refractive index when finally made into a polymer and can be manufactured at low cost. To provide things.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors synthesized various fluorinated aryldiamine compounds and repeatedly searched for, and a compound in which a perfluoroalkyl group is introduced into a biphenyl compound can solve the above problems, In particular, the present invention was completed by finding that it is suitable as a raw material for producing a polymer material having a low refractive index.
[0012]
In addition, since the compound of the present invention is highly fluorinated, it is excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance, water repellency, and low dielectric properties, and is also excellent as a raw material compound for general materials.
[0013]
The fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound according to the present invention is represented by the following formula (I).
[0014]
[Chemical 7]
Figure 2005047825
[0015]
[In the above formula, R 1 represents a perfluoro lower alkyl group, j represents an integer of 0 to 3, and k represents an integer of 1 to 4 (provided that j + k ≦ 4). ].
[0016]
The compound of the present invention is a novel one, and expands the range of variations as a raw material for producing polymer materials.
[0017]
The fluorinated biphenyldinitro compound according to the present invention is an intermediate raw material compound of the fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound, and is represented by the following formula (II).
[0018]
[Chemical 8]
Figure 2005047825
[0019]
[Wherein R 2 represents a perfluoro lower alkyl group, m represents an integer of 0 to 3, and n represents an integer of 1 to 4 (provided that m + n ≦ 4). ].
[0020]
The fluorinated benzene compound (III) according to the present invention is represented by the following formula, and can be used as an intermediate raw material compound of the fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound or the fluorinated biphenyldinitro compound.
[0021]
[Chemical 9]
Figure 2005047825
[0022]
[In the above formula, X represents an amino group or a nitro group, Y 1 represents a halogen atom (excluding a fluorine atom), R 3 represents a perfluoro lower alkyl group, p represents an integer of 0 to 3, q Represents an integer of 1 to 4 (provided that p + q ≦ 4). ].
[0023]
Moreover, the fluorinated benzene compound (IV) according to the present invention is represented by the following formula and can be used as a raw material compound of the fluorinated benzene compound (III).
[0024]
Embedded image
Figure 2005047825
[0025]
[Wherein Y 2 represents a halogen atom (excluding a fluorine atom), R 4 represents a perfluoro lower alkyl group, r represents an integer of 0 to 3, t represents an integer of 1 to 4 (provided that r + t ≦ 4). ].
[0026]
In the present specification, the “perfluoro lower alkyl group” refers to a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and all hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms. Examples of such groups include trifluoromethyl group, pentafluoroethyl group, heptafluoropropyl group, heptafluoroisopropyl group, perfluorobutyl group, perfluoroisobutyl group, perfluoro-sec-butyl group, and perfluoro-tert-butyl group. The group is preferably a bellfluoro C 1 -C 4 alkyl group, more preferably a bell fluoro C 1 -C 2 alkyl group, and particularly preferably a trifluoromethyl group.
[0027]
“Halogen atom” in the definition of Y 1 or Y 2 in the above formulas (III) and (IV) refers to a chlorine atom, bromine atom or iodine atom other than a fluorine atom, preferably a bromine atom or an iodine atom. Optimally, it is a bromine atom.
[0028]
In the above formulas (I) to (IV), “j, m, p, r” is preferably an integer of 1 to 3, more preferably 2 or 3, and most preferably 3. . Further, “k, n, q, t” is preferably an integer of 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2, and most preferably 1. Furthermore, the values of “j + k”, “m + n”, “p + q” and “r + t” are preferably 2 to 4, more preferably 3 or 4, and most preferably 4.
[0029]
Although the position of the substituent in the above compounds (I) to (IV) is not particularly limited, the substitution position of the amino group or nitro group in the compounds (I) and (II) is the 3rd position or the 4th position relative to the biphenyl bond position. The position is preferable, and the third position is more preferable. In the compounds (I) and (II), each substituent is preferably present at a symmetrical position. That is, if the amino group is substituted at the 3-position in one phenyl group, the amino group is preferably substituted at the 3-position in the other phenyl group.
[0030]
Incidentally, the compounds of the above formulas (I) to (IV) are independent of each other, but the compounds (II) to (IV) are in an intermediate raw material of the compound (I). Therefore, when these compounds are in the relationship between the intermediate raw material compound and the product compound, naturally, R 1 to R 4 and Y 1 and Y 2 are the same group, and the number of substitutions of R and F such as j and m Are the same.
[0031]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The greatest characteristic of the fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound according to the present invention is that it can increase the variation of its refractive index as a raw material for producing a polymer material, and can particularly give a polyimide or polyamide having a low refractive index. It is in.
[0032]
That is, fluorinated aryldiamine compounds that are intermediate materials for polymer materials have been known in the past, but further compound groups capable of providing various refractive indexes have been demanded.
[0033]
Thus, the present inventors have found that a compound in which a perfluoroalkyl group is introduced into a biphenyl compound can ultimately give a low refractive index polyimide or polyamide, and have completed the present invention. Furthermore, the fluorinated biphenyldinitro compound and the fluorinated benzene compound according to the present invention are useful as raw materials for producing the fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound of the present invention.
[0034]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention that exhibit such characteristics and effects thereof will be described.
[0035]
The fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound according to the present invention can be easily synthesized by the scheme shown below.
[0036]
Embedded image
Figure 2005047825
[0037]
[In the above formulas, X, Y 1 , R 1 , j and k are as defined above. ].
[0038]
Hereafter, each said process is demonstrated.
[0039]
(Process A)
Step A is a step of introducing a nitro group into compound (IV) and further converting the nitro group to an amino group if necessary. Since compound (IV) as a raw material in this step has a relatively simple structure, a commercially available product or a compound synthesized from a commercially available compound by a method known to those skilled in the art can be used.
[0040]
The introduction of the nitro group can be performed by a general method used conventionally. For example, the raw material compound (IV) may be slowly added to a mixed acid composed of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid or only concentrated nitric acid. The temperature at the time of addition depends on the raw material compound and the like, but is generally room temperature to 60 ° C., and is stirred at room temperature to 100 ° C. after the addition. The reaction time after the addition is generally 1 to 12 hours, preferably 1 to 5 hours.
[0041]
After completion of the reaction, water is slowly added to the extent that it does not generate excessive heat, followed by extraction with a water-insoluble solvent such as diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, or chloroform, and the organic layer is washed with water, aqueous sodium bicarbonate, brine, etc. Dry with sodium sulfate or anhydrous magnesium sulfate. After concentrating the dried solution, the obtained target compound (III) may be used in the next step without purification, or may be purified by vacuum distillation or silica gel column chromatography.
[0042]
Other methods for introducing a nitro group include a method using nitrogen dioxide and ozone, or dinitrogen pentoxide.
[0043]
Incidentally, the introduction position (orientation) of the nitro group depends on the type and number of other substituents, but when a plurality of compounds are produced, the target compound may be purified by the method described above.
[0044]
Further, when the nitro group is further functionally converted to an amino group, the same method as in Step D described later can be used.
[0045]
(Process B and Process C)
In Steps B and C, compound (III) is coupled to directly convert compound (I) (step C) when X in compound (III) is an amino group, or nitro group. Is a step for synthesizing compound (II) (step B). The type of the coupling reaction is not particularly limited as long as a conventional method is applied. For example, an Ullmann reaction or a Suzuki coupling reaction may be used.
[0046]
The Ullmann reaction is carried out by dissolving compound (III) in an organic solvent and then heating, and adding a copper compound such as copper powder.
[0047]
The solvent that can be used here is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the compound (III) appropriately and does not inhibit the reaction. For example, amides such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide; benzene and toluene Aromatic hydrocarbons such as are used.
[0048]
Although the reaction temperature mainly depends on the raw material compound, it is generally 50 to 200 ° C., preferably 80 to 150 ° C., and the reaction time is generally 1 to 12 hours, preferably 1 to 5 hours.
[0049]
After completion of the reaction, after cooling to room temperature, the reaction solution (including insoluble components) is quenched with water, extracted with an organic solvent insoluble in water such as diethyl ether, and the extraction solvent is washed with hydrochloric acid, water, brine, etc. Then, after drying with sodium sulfate or the like, the solution is concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography or the like to obtain the target compound (I) or (II).
[0050]
In the Suzuki coupling reaction, first, the compound (III) is led to an aryl lithium or Grignard reagent, and then a boric acid ester is allowed to act thereon to hydrolyze the aryl boronic acid. Next, the compound (I) or (II) can be obtained by reacting the arylboronic acid with the compound (III) in the presence of a base such as sodium carbonate and a palladium catalyst.
[0051]
(D process)
Step D is a step of reducing the nitro group of compound (II) to an amino group, and can be performed by applying a general reduction method. For example, it can be reduced by allowing hydrogen gas to act in a solution of compound (II) in the presence of a catalyst.
[0052]
The solvent in this case can be used without particular limitation as long as it can appropriately dissolve compound (II) and does not inhibit the reaction. For example, ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and diethyl ether; Examples thereof include alcohols such as ethanol; aliphatic carboxylic acids such as acetic acid; and a mixed solvent of these with water. As the catalyst, palladium catalysts such as palladium carbon and palladium black, nickel, platinum and the like can be used.
[0053]
The reaction can be generally performed at room temperature, and the reaction time is generally 1 hour to 1 day.
[0054]
After completion of the reaction, hydrochloric acid is added, followed by neutralization with sodium bicarbonate water and extraction with an organic solvent that is not mixed with water. The extraction solvent is washed with water or brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue is purified by a known method such as silica gel column chromatography.
[0055]
Examples of other reduction methods include methods using metal powders such as zinc, iron and tin and mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid.
[0056]
The fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound (I) thus obtained can be further reacted with a bisphthalic anhydride compound or the like to obtain polyimide or polyamide, which can be used as a material for optical fibers or substrates.
[0057]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0058]
【Example】
Production Example 1 Synthesis of 3-bromo-2,4,6,1 ′, 1 ′, 1′-hexafluorotoluene
Embedded image
Figure 2005047825
[0060]
2,4,6,1 ′, 1 ′, 1′-hexafluorotoluene (10 g, 50 mmol) was placed in a three-necked reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer and a cooling tube. A drying tube was attached to the tip of the cooling tube, and an instrument was assembled so that HBr gas generated as the reaction progressed could be exhausted through the NaOH trap. Further, 0.1 g of iron powder was added to the reaction vessel and heated, and 3.1 mL of bromine was added in the range of 75 to 80 ° C. over 30 minutes, followed by stirring for 2 hours. When the progress of the reaction was checked by gas chromatography, the reaction was not completed, so 0.2 g of iron powder was further added and stirred for 4 hours.
[0061]
After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, quenched with aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, extracted with diethyl ether, and the organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, water and saturated brine, and further dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. When this was concentrated, an oily residue was obtained. The residue was purified by distillation under reduced pressure (20 mmHg, 47 to 49 ° C.) to obtain 83 g (yield 27%) of the title compound.
19 F-NMR spectrum (CDCl 3 , ppm): −108.8 (m, 1F), −100.7 (m, 1F), −95.3 (dd, 1F), −56.9 (dd, 3F) )
IR spectrum (cm −1 ): 1624, 1446, 1296, 1149, 1061
MS spectrum (EI <+> ): m / z 278, 259, 199.
[0062]
Production Example 2 Synthesis of 3-bromo-2,4,6,1 ′, 1 ′, 1′-hexafluoro-5-nitrotoluene
Embedded image
Figure 2005047825
[0064]
5.35 g of concentrated sulfuric acid was placed in a three-necked reaction vessel, and 2.26 g of fuming nitric acid was slowly added thereto. After raising the temperature of the mixed acid to 45 ° C., 2.52 g (9 mmol) of 3-bromo-2,4,6,1 ′, 1 ′, 1′-hexafluorotoluene obtained in Production Example 1 was added, and 80 The temperature was raised to ° C and stirred for 2.5 hours.
[0065]
After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, and quenched with careful addition of water while cooling the reaction vessel with brine. The solution was extracted with diethyl ether, and the organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate and then with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained crude title compound was used in the next reaction without further purification. The yield was 2.67g.
19 F-NMR spectrum (CDCl 3 , ppm): −117.6 (m, 1F), −101.7 (d, 1F), −93.3 (m, 1F), −56.7 (dd, 3F) )
IR spectrum (cm −1 ): 1628, 1554, 1454, 1354, 1296, 1157
MS spectrum (EI <+> ): m / z 323, 304, 277, 198.
[0066]
Production Example 3 Synthesis of 2,4,6,2 ′, 4 ′, 6′-hexafluoro-3,3′-dinitro-5,5′-bis (trifluoromethyl) biphenyl
Embedded image
Figure 2005047825
[0068]
In a three-necked reaction vessel, 1.0 g of 3-bromo-2,4,6,1 ′, 1 ′, 1′-hexafluoro-5-nitrotoluene obtained in Production Example 2 (crude compound, 3.1 mmol) The reaction vessel was warmed to 120 ° C., 0.3 g of copper powder was added and stirred vigorously, 1.5 mL of dimethylformamide was further added, and the mixture was stirred at 120 ° C. for 2.5 hours.
[0069]
After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, water was added, the solution was extracted with diethyl ether, and the organic layer was washed with 1% hydrochloric acid followed by saturated brine. This was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 0.28 g of the title compound (yield 37%).
19 F-NMR spectrum (CDCl 3 , ppm): −107.3 (dd, 1F), −101.3 (m, 1F), −98.8 (m, 1F), −56.6 (dd, 3F) )
IR spectrum (cm −1 ): 1635, 1558, 1458, 1296, 1153, 1076
MS spectrum (EI <+> ): m / z 488, 469, 396, 377, 327, 258.
[0070]
Production Example 4 Synthesis of 2,4,6,2 ′, 4 ′, 6′-hexafluoro-5,5′-bis (trifluoromethyl) biphenyl-3,3′-diamine
Embedded image
Figure 2005047825
[0072]
Tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) and Pd / C (0.06 g) were placed in a reaction vessel, the inside of the vessel was replaced with hydrogen, and the mixture was activated with vigorous stirring for 30 minutes. Thereto, 2,4,6,2 ′, 4 ′, 6′-hexafluoro-3,3′-dinitro-5,5′-bis (trifluoromethyl) biphenyl 0.29 g obtained in Production Example 3 above. (0.57 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) was added and stirred overnight. However, since the reaction was not completed, 0.1 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid was added and further stirred for 1 day.
[0073]
After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was neutralized with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate and filtered through celite. The filtrate was extracted with diethyl ether, washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 0.16 g (yield 66%) of the title compound.
1 H-NMR spectrum (CDCl 3 , ppm): 3.9 (s, 2H)
19 F-NMR spectrum (CDCl 3 , ppm): −129.4 (m, 1F), −126.2 (m, 1F), −123.7 (dd, 1F), −56.5 (dd, 3F) )
IR spectrum (cm −1 ): 1628, 1485, 1327, 1234, 1180, 1138, 1061
MS spectrum (EI <+> ): m / z 428, 409.
[0074]
(Test Example 1) Calculation of Refractive Index The refractive index of a polyimide obtained from the fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound obtained in Production Example 4 and a known bisphthalic anhydride was calculated using Cerius 2 ver4.7 ( Accelrys Inc.) was used for the estimation.
[0075]
As comparative examples, 2,3,4,5,2 ′, 3 ′, 4 ′, 5′-octafluorobiphenyl-3,3′-diamine and 2,4,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,3 -The refractive index of the polyimide similarly obtained from diaminobenzene was calculated similarly. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0076]
[Table 1]
Figure 2005047825
[0077]
As is clear from the above results, it was demonstrated that the compound of the present invention gives a polyimide having a lower refractive index than a polyimide derived from a known aryldiamine compound.
[0078]
【The invention's effect】
Since the fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound of the present invention is novel as a raw material compound for polymer materials such as polyamide and polyimide, it is useful as a material capable of providing a polymer material exhibiting an unprecedented refractive index.
[0079]
Further, the fluorinated biphenyldinitro compound and the fluorinated benzene compound according to the present invention are useful as intermediate raw material compounds of the fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound.
[0080]
Therefore, the compound of the present invention is industrially useful as a raw material compound for polymer materials.

Claims (4)

下記式(I)で表されるフッ素化ビフェニルジアミン化合物。
Figure 2005047825
[上記式中、Rはペルフルオロ低級アルキル基を示し、jは0〜3の整数,kは1〜4の整数(但し、j+k≦4とする)を示す。]
A fluorinated biphenyldiamine compound represented by the following formula (I).
Figure 2005047825
[In the above formula, R 1 represents a perfluoro lower alkyl group, j represents an integer of 0 to 3, and k represents an integer of 1 to 4 (provided that j + k ≦ 4). ]
下記式(II)で表されるフッ素化ビフェニルジニトロ化合物。
Figure 2005047825
[上記式中、Rはペルフルオロ低級アルキル基を示し、mは0〜3の整数,nは1〜4の整数(但し、m+n≦4とする)を示す。]
A fluorinated biphenyldinitro compound represented by the following formula (II).
Figure 2005047825
[In the above formula, R 2 represents a perfluoro lower alkyl group, m represents an integer of 0 to 3, and n represents an integer of 1 to 4 (provided that m + n ≦ 4). ]
下記式(III)で表されるフッ素化ベンゼン化合物。
Figure 2005047825
[上記式中、Xはアミノ基またはニトロ基を示し、Yはハロゲン原子(但し、フッ素原子を除く)を示し、Rはペルフルオロ低級アルキル基を示し、pは0〜3の整数,qは1〜4の整数(但し、p+q≦4とする)を示す。]
A fluorinated benzene compound represented by the following formula (III).
Figure 2005047825
[In the above formula, X represents an amino group or a nitro group, Y 1 represents a halogen atom (excluding a fluorine atom), R 3 represents a perfluoro lower alkyl group, p represents an integer of 0 to 3, q Represents an integer of 1 to 4 (provided that p + q ≦ 4). ]
下記式(IV)で表されるフッ素化ベンゼン化合物。
Figure 2005047825
[上記式中、Yはハロゲン原子(但し、フッ素原子を除く)を示し、Rはペルフルオロ低級アルキル基を示し、rは0〜3の整数,tは1〜4の整数(但し、r+t≦4とする)を示す。]
A fluorinated benzene compound represented by the following formula (IV).
Figure 2005047825
[Wherein Y 2 represents a halogen atom (excluding a fluorine atom), R 4 represents a perfluoro lower alkyl group, r represents an integer of 0 to 3, and t represents an integer of 1 to 4 (provided that r + t ≦ 4). ]
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