JP2004346590A - External wall system and external wall of lightweight shape steel sheet construction improved in economical efficiency / fire resistance / thermal insulating performance - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To accelerate combustion on the outdoor side to diffuse heat in case of a fire so that a structure body can hold load supporting capacity without the rise of temperature of a lightweight shape steel sheet after the extinguishment of the fire by using material high in heat insulating property and inflammability for the outside of a heat insulating layer, while using material high in fire resistance for the inside of the heat insulating layer in a steel house of external heat insulation system. <P>SOLUTION: A face material 4 for structure proof stress formed of an incombustible material, and a face material 3a for indoor side fireproof coating structure proof stress are integrated with a frame material including vertical frames 1 made of lightweight shape steel sheets, to constitute a main part 6 on structure proof stress. A foam plastic-based heat insulating material 7 and wooden furring strips 10 for ventilation used also as external facing material backing, are installed in this order on the outdoor side of the face material 4 for structure proof stress to constitute a heat insulating layer part 9. A ceramic-based external facing material 11 is installed outside the wooden ventilating furring strips 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an outer wall system and an outer wall made of a thin, lightweight steel structure having improved economy, fire resistance, and heat insulation performance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In urban areas, the number of floors tends to be increased, such as the construction of three-storey condominiums on narrow land to make effective use of land. On the other hand, since the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, various laws and ordinances to improve the urban disaster prevention function in urban areas where old wooden houses are densely packed have been enforced, and the conversion of houses to fire-resistant and semi-fire-resistant buildings in urban areas will further accelerate in the future It is supposed to be.
[0003]
Under such circumstances, the present applicant is developing a new thin plate lightweight steel construction method in which both structural and fireproof performances are improved by using non-wood surface materials. By the way, when a building has a fire-resistant structure, a wood building and a steel house (a thin-walled light-weighted steel structure made of a thin-walled light-weighted steel frame having a thickness of about 1 mm and a structural surface material) are used to improve the fire resistance performance. Is naturally different, and the structure for improving the fire resistance is different between the case of the external heat insulation method and the case of the other method.
[0004]
It is an object of the present invention to improve the fire resistance of a steel house of an external heat insulation system.
[0005]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-55807 is a related art related to the present invention. This prior art is a load-bearing wall panel of a steel house constructed by integrally combining a frame tie rod made of lightweight shaped steel and an outer wall finishing material made of an inorganic noncombustible material, and is rich in waterproofness, nonflammability, and inexpensive. It is a bearing wall that can be processed and installed relatively easily and uses an inorganic exterior finishing material with rich design as a finishing material for the physical strength wall, and can be used as a finishing material as it is without the construction of the rim and siding is there.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-55807 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The following has been found from fire tests on steel houses. In other words, since the structural material for the thin, lightweight steel structure in the conventional steel house was wooden plywood, in order to ensure non-damage, heat insulation and flame insulation during a one-hour fire, Sufficient fire protection coating must be installed, which increases construction costs. In addition, after the fire is extinguished, the fire prevention covering material dissipates heat at the time of the fire, so that the wood plywood reaches the ignition temperature, and there is a problem that the building may eventually be damaged. Further, the load-bearing wall panel described in JP-A-2001-55807 cannot ensure the thermal performance at normal temperature. There was a problem that the fire resistance performance during and after a fire was unclear.
[0008]
The present inventor has found that special considerations are necessary when considering measures for improving the fire resistance performance of a steel house from fire experiments and the like. In other words, in a steel house, even after the fire has been extinguished, the structure made of thin, lightweight sections is kept in a heated state while supporting the load of the building. In consideration of this situation after the fire was extinguished, it was confirmed that a reliable fire-resistant wall structure that would not cause collapse of the building was necessary.
[0009]
As a result of further study from the above viewpoint, the non-combustible heat insulating material conventionally provided in the outer layer (outdoor side) of the outer wall of the outer heat insulating structure stores heat at the time of fire. For this reason, it has been found that the temperature of the thin lightweight steel plate rises after the fire is extinguished, and that the structural body loses its load-carrying capacity and the building collapses.
[0010]
As a result of further research based on the above findings, the present inventor changed the idea from the conventional one, and although the outside (outdoor side) of the outer wall of the outer heat insulation structure is inexpensive and has heat insulation performance, it can also promote combustion when a fire occurs. By providing highly flammable external insulation, heat in the event of a fire does not accumulate inside, so the temperature of the thin, lightweight section steel does not rise after the fire is extinguished, and the structural body retains the load-bearing capacity, I found a new fact that it would not cause collapse.
[0011]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a thin and lightweight steel outer wall system and an outer wall having improved novel economical efficiency, fire resistance and heat insulation performance based on the above findings.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, the present invention is configured as follows.
[0013]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, in a building of an external heat insulation system, a structural strength-bearing surface member made of a non-combustible material is integrated with a frame member made of a thin and lightweight shape steel to constitute a main part in a structural strength. By installing an exterior material through a heat insulating layer outside the upper main part, the heat insulating layer is made of a flammable material that burns or melts early in the event of a fire, and is made of a low-cost material with high heat insulating performance, At room temperature, the thermal performance of the building is improved, and at the time of an outdoor fire, the exterior material and the heat insulating layer can be dropped off in advance.
[0014]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the external heat-insulating structure of the first aspect, an indoor-side fireproof covering material and a structural load-bearing face material and an indoor-side fireproof covering material are double-layered on the indoor side of a thin lightweight steel frame. In the event of an indoor fire, the indoor-side fireproof covering material bears fire resistance performance to prevent damage to a main part in structural strength and prevent burning of the outdoor-side heat insulating layer.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in a building of an external heat insulation system, a structural strength-bearing surface material made of a non-combustible material is integrated with a frame member made of a thin and lightweight shape steel to constitute a main part in structural strength, and an outdoor side thereof. In order to form a heat insulating layer portion by installing a cheap foamed plastic heat insulating material and an exterior material base and ventilation wood trunk in order, a ceramic exterior material is installed outside the wood trunk edge .
[0016]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in a building of an external heat insulation system, a structural load bearing surface material made of a non-combustible material is integrated with a thin and lightweight steel frame material, and a foamed plastic heat insulating material and an exterior material are sequentially provided on the outdoor side. A heat insulating layer is formed by installing a wooden trunk of the underlayer and for ventilation, and a ceramic exterior material is installed outside the wooden trunk, and a thin and lightweight frame made of a nonflammable material on the indoor side of the frame material. A double-layered indoor fire-protection coating and structural load-bearing material and an indoor fire-protection coating material, a thin, lightweight steel frame material, a structural load-bearing surface material, and an indoor-side fire-protection coating and structural load-bearing surface material And constitute the main part in structural strength, and in the event of an outdoor fire, the exterior material and the heat insulating layer part fall off in advance, and in the case of an indoor fire, the indoor fireproof covering material bears the fire resistance performance and It is characterized by preventing damage to important parts and burning of the outdoor heat insulating layer.
[0017]
[Action]
According to the outer wall structure of the present invention, all of the main parts in terms of structural strength are made of non-combustible material, and a flammable material is adopted by using an external heat insulation method, more preferably a material that burns or melts as early as possible in a fire, In addition, by installing a material having high heat insulation performance on the outside (outdoor side), the thermal performance of the building can be improved at room temperature, and the flammable heat insulation material does not store heat in a fire. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the risk that the temperature of the thin steel sheet does not rise after the fire is extinguished, the load carrying capacity is lost and the building collapses, and as a result, the fire resistance of the outer wall is maintained during and after the fire. Can be.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0019]
Before the description, the points of the present embodiment are as follows. In the present embodiment, a wall is formed by integrating a structural lightweight face member made of a thin lightweight steel plate and a non-combustible material, and the outside (outdoor side) of the insulative material, which is a flammable material, has extremely high heat insulation performance and is inexpensive. By installing plastic heat insulating material, exterior material base and wood trunk for ventilation and ceramic design exterior material with high designability,
(1) Improve the thermal performance of keeping the aesthetics of the building at room temperature.
(2) In the event of an outdoor fire for one hour, only the heat of the heat insulation layer and the falling off of the exterior material will occur, and even after the fire is extinguished, the main parts of the structural strength will not degrade at high temperatures. Flame insulation can be permanently secured.
(3) In the event of a one-hour indoor fire, the main parts of the structural strength are permanently protected from damage, heat insulation and flame resistance even after the fire is extinguished, and the heat insulation layer is not burned.
(4) Since toxic gas (smoke) generated from flammable materials in the event of a fire does not flow indoors, it is very effective in terms of fire safety. The aim is to realize the above four points.
[0020]
This will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure for mounting a structural body, a fire-resistant structural wall and an exterior material in a steel house of an external heat insulation system, FIG. 2 is a cutaway perspective view of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an indoor front view, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a mounting structure of a load-bearing wall and an exterior material similar to FIG. 1 constructed for a fire test.
[0021]
In the figure, a frame is formed by assembling a vertical frame 1 made of a thin and lightweight section steel, a lower frame 2 and an upper frame (not shown), and a gypsum board or the like is attached to one side flange 1a of the vertical frame 1. (Fireproof coating material) 3 is fixed. The interior material 3 has an indoor fireproof covering structure bearing material 3a made of reinforced gypsum board, which is joined to one side flange 1b of the vertical frame 1 with a fastener 5 such as a nail or a drill screw as a underlay. On the indoor side surface of the fireproof covering structure bearing surface material 3a, an indoor side fireproof covering material 3b made of reinforced gypsum board is stapled. Then, at the time of an indoor fire, only the indoor fire protection covering material 3b deteriorates or falls off.
[0022]
A structural strength surface member 4 made of a fiber-reinforced cement non-wood surface material is joined to the other side flange 1b of the vertical frame 1 by a fastener 5 such as a nail or a drill screw. The structural load-bearing face material 4 and the indoor fireproof covering structural load-bearing face material 3a are non-combustible face materials, and are structured by the double-sided materials 4, 3a and the vertical frame 1 (and the upper and lower frames) made of a thin, light-weight steel plate. It constitutes the main part 6 in terms of proof stress.
[0023]
Further, a foamed plastic-based heat insulating material 7 such as polystyrene foam is disposed outside (outdoor side) the structural load bearing surface material 4, and further through the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 8 outside the heat insulating material 7. A wooden ventilation shell 10 is vertically arranged at a predetermined interval, and a fastener 5 such as a nail or a drill screw is penetrated through the wooden ventilation shell 10 and set on the other side flange 1b of the frame 1 in the vertical direction. By doing so, the heat insulating material 7 and the wooden ventilation trunk 10 are fixed to the vertical frame 1. The heat insulating material 7, the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 8, and the wood ventilation shell 10 constitute the heat insulating layer 9.
[0024]
An exterior material 11 made of ceramic-based silding is provided further outside the wooden ventilation frame 10, and a fastener 5 such as a nail or a drill screw is driven into the wooden ventilation frame 10 from the outside, so that the exterior material 11 is made of wood. It is fixed to the ventilation shell 10. Then, in the event of a fire, only the exterior material 11 and the heat insulating layer portion 9 undergo combustion deterioration or fall off.
[0025]
The construction process of the external heat-insulating and fire-resistant structure wall according to the embodiment will be described.
[0026]
(1) The vertical frame 1 is arranged on the upper frame (not shown) and the lower frame 2 which are arranged in advance. In this case, if necessary, the vertical frame 1 and the upper and lower frames are temporarily fixed by tape, tapping screws, caulking, welding, or the like.
(2) The structural strength surface material 4 functioning as a non-combustible surface material is attached.
At this time, the vertical frame 1 is made to be a vertical seam of the structural strength surface material 4. Also, the structural strength surface material 4, the vertical frame 1, and the upper and lower frames are joined and integrated with a fastener 5 such as a screw nail or a tapping screw.
[0027]
(3) Mounting structure of heat insulating material (foamed plastic) 7 and moisture permeable waterproof sheet 8 The heat insulating material 7 is arranged on the outdoor side of the load-bearing face material 4, and the moisture permeable and water permeable sheet 8 is stretched on the outdoor side of the heat insulating material 7. . In this case, the heat insulating material 7 is arranged on the outdoor side of the structural strength surface member 4 without any gap, and is temporarily fixed with a tape or the like. A moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 8 is provided on the outdoor side of the heat insulating material 7.
(4) Attachment of the wooden ventilation shell 10 When the exterior material 11 is horizontal, the wooden ventilation shell 10 is vertically arranged at predetermined intervals, and the vertical frame 1 and the wooden ventilation shell 10 are screwed with tapping screws. And the like. In the case where the exterior material 11 is vertically stretched, the wooden ventilation trunks 10 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction, and the vertical frame 1 and the wooden ventilation trunks 10 are joined by fasteners 5 such as tapping screws.
[0028]
(5) Attachment of steel jointer (plated steel plate, etc.) 12 If there is a sealing joint 13 for the exterior material, the steel jointer 12 is arranged in advance.
[0029]
(6) Arrangement of the exterior materials 11 The overlapping margin of the exterior materials 11 is about 9 mm. The width of the sealing joint 13 is about 10 mm.
(7) Attachment of exterior material At a position where the exterior material 11 and the wooden ventilation shell 10 intersect, the exterior material 11 and the wooden ventilation shell 10 are joined with a tapping screw. The sealing joints are filled with joints made of polyurethane, acrylic urethane, polysulfide, silicon, etc. without gaps.
[0030]
The present applicant has conducted a fire test on the structure shown in FIG. 5 and will be described below. In FIG. 5, elements corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by corresponding reference numerals. Reference numeral 14 denotes a joint receiver.
[0031]
As described above, the external heat insulation method is based on the combination of the foamed plastic heat-insulating material 7 and the wood ventilation shell 10 from the viewpoint of thermal properties and workability. It is an extremely weak point. However, because of the external heat insulation method, all of these combustible materials are outside the main part 6 in terms of structural strength, so if they burn out together against an outdoor fire, the wall will collapse after the fire is extinguished. The danger is gone. On the other hand, if the heat insulation part is ignited against an indoor fire, the flame insulation will be lost.However, the indoor side shall be the same as the specifications of the internal load-bearing wall whose performance has been confirmed in the past. The part was presumed not to burn and was tested without changing the conventional method.
[0032]
In the test, a load heating test was performed for indoor and outdoor fires. In addition, loading heating was performed only for 1 hour, and then loading was performed for 5 to 6 hours to confirm the non-damage property, heat shielding property, and flame shielding property after the fire suppression.
[0033]
As a result of the test, (1) non-damage to indoor fires can be sufficiently ensured, there is no ignition of the heat insulating material 7 and no ignition to the wooden ventilation rim 10, and finally, flame insulation can be ensured. Was. On the other hand, in the case of (2) outdoor fire, all combustible materials were burned out, and finally, non-damage property, heat shielding property and flame shielding property could be secured.
[0034]
As a result of the above experiment, in the construction method of a new thin sheet lightweight steel structure with improved both structural and fireproof performance using wooden surface materials, various conditions required by the current law without changing the external insulation construction method (especially ), A structure that can pass the Minister's Fireproof Structure Certification Test was confirmed.
[0035]
A summary of the experimental results confirms the following.
(1) At normal temperature, the aesthetics of the building and the thermal insulation performance were able to be improved.
{Circle around (2)} In the event of an outdoor fire for one hour, only the combustion of the heat insulating layer portion 9 and the falling off of the exterior material 11 occur, and even after the extinguishing, the non-damaging, heat shielding and flame shielding properties of the main parts in terms of structural strength are permanently maintained. Was secured.
(3) In the event of an indoor fire for one hour, it is possible to permanently secure the undamaged, heat-insulating, and flame-insulating properties of the main portion 6 in structural strength even after the fire is extinguished, and to cause the heat-insulating layer portion 9 to burn. Did not.
{Circle around (4)} Since toxic gas (smoke) generated from combustible materials at the time of fire does not flow indoors, it was very effective in terms of fire safety.
[0036]
It is to be noted that changing the configuration shown in the present embodiment as appropriate and implementing it is within the scope of the present invention.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
According to the outer wall structure of the present invention, all of the main parts in terms of structural strength are made of a non-combustible material, and a flammable material is adopted by using an external heat insulation method, more preferably, a material that burns or melts as early as possible in a fire. In addition, by installing a material having high heat insulation performance on the outside (outdoor side), the thermal performance of the building can be improved at room temperature, and the flammable heat insulation material stores heat in a fire. Therefore, the temperature of the thin and lightweight section steel does not rise after the fire is extinguished, and the risk of losing the load carrying capacity and causing the building to collapse can be eliminated. As a result, the economy is high, and the fire resistance, thermal performance, and lightweight are high. The exterior wall system which improved the construction was realized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure for mounting a structural body, a fire-resistant structural wall and an exterior material in a steel house of an external heat insulation system.
FIG. 2 is a cutaway perspective view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an outdoor side front view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the indoor side of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a mounting structure of a load-bearing wall and an exterior material similar to FIG. 1 constructed for a fire experiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical frame 1a One side flange 1b Other side flange 2 Lower frame 3 Interior material 3a Indoor side fireproof covering structure bearing surface material 3b Indoor side fireproof covering material 4 Structural bearing surface material 5 Fastener 6 Structural strength main part 7 Insulation material 8 Moisture permeable waterproof sheet 9 Insulation layer part 10 Wood ventilation trunk 11 Exterior material 12 Steel jointer 13 Sealing joint 14 Joint holder

Claims (4)

In a building of the external heat insulation system, a structural member for structural strength made of a non-combustible material is integrated with a frame member made of thin and lightweight steel to constitute a main part in structural strength, and outside the main part in structural strength By installing an exterior material via a heat insulating layer, the heat insulating layer is made of a flammable material that burns or melts early in the event of a fire, and is made of an inexpensive material having high heat insulating performance, so that the building can be used at room temperature at room temperature. An outer wall system made of a thin, lightweight steel structure with improved economy, fire resistance, and heat insulation performance, wherein the heat performance is improved and the exterior material and the heat insulation layer can be removed in advance in the event of an outdoor fire. 2. The external heat insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein an indoor-side fireproof covering material and a structural load-carrying face material and an indoor-side fireproof covering material are double-coated on the indoor side of a thin and lightweight section steel frame material, and the indoor fireproof material is used when an indoor fire occurs. An outer wall system made of a thin, lightweight, structural steel with improved fire resistance, characterized in that the indoor fire protection covering material bears the fire resistance performance to prevent damage to the main parts in structural strength and the burning of the outdoor insulation layer. In buildings with external heat insulation, structural parts made of non-combustible material are integrated with a thin, lightweight steel frame material to form a major structural strength part. A thin, lightweight plate with improved fire resistance, characterized in that a heat insulation layer is constructed by installing a wood trunk for use as a base material and exterior material and for ventilation, and a ceramic exterior material is installed outside the wood trunk. Shaped steel outer wall. In a building with external heat insulation, a structural member made of a non-combustible material is integrated with a thin, lightweight steel frame material, and a plastic-based heat insulation material and an exterior material base and ventilation tree are sequentially placed on the outdoor side. The body edge is provided to form a heat insulating layer portion, the ceramic exterior material is provided outside the wood body edge, and the indoor side fire protection coating material made of a non-combustible material is provided on the indoor side of the thin lightweight steel frame. Structural load-bearing surface material and indoor-side fireproof covering material are double-coated, and thin and light-weight steel frame material, structural load-bearing surface material, indoor-side fireproof cover material and structural load-bearing surface material are mainly used for structural strength. In the event of an outdoor fire, the exterior material and the heat insulating layer part fall off in advance, and in the event of an indoor fire, the indoor-side fireproof covering material bears the fire resistance performance, and damages and damage to the main parts in structural strength Improved economy, fire resistance and heat insulation performance characterized by preventing combustion of the outer heat insulation layer. Thin lightweight shape steel concrete of the outer wall that is.

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