JP7145619B2 - Building fire spread control structure - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure for suppressing the spread of fire in the event of a fire even when a combustible exterior material is used as an exterior material of a building.

Conventionally, there are many cases in which combustible materials such as wood materials are attached to construct vertical surfaces of outer walls of buildings, balconies, upper and lower eaves, etc. (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3 ).

JP 2006-348582 A JP 2006-348558 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-2021

However, if combustible exterior materials are used as exterior materials such as the vertical surfaces of the outer walls of the building, balconies, and eaves as described above, the combustible exterior materials may be used as the windows of the room where the fire broke out. In some cases, the flames ejected from the openings such as the flames burn and cause the spread of the ejected flames and the spread of the fire.

When the non-fire room on the upper floor receives radiant heat from the spread of the ejected flame and the spread of the fire, the combustible materials on the balcony and in the room of this non-fire room ignite, and the fire spreads to the upper floors of the building one after another. The fire spreads throughout the building.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a structure for suppressing the spread of fire in a building that can suppress the spread of fire during a fire even when a combustible exterior material is used as the exterior material. With the goal.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following means.

A structure for suppressing the spread of fire for a building according to the present invention is a structure for suppressing the spread of fire during a fire in a building in which a combustible exterior material is used as an exterior material, and the building is exposed to a predetermined high temperature in the event of a fire. The combustible exterior material is attached and supported to the building by means of fixtures that lose their fixed support capacity as they grow, and the fixtures consist of anchor bolts embedded in the frame and cut reinforcing bars fixed to the anchor bolts. and a flat plate embedded in the combustible cladding, wherein the cut rebar and the flat plate are connected with fasteners, the combustible cladding providing a conduit for the anchor bolt to pass through. A slit is formed, the flat plate is provided across the slit, the cutting rebar is disposed in the slit, and the portion of the flat plate exposed in the slit is strong at high temperatures in a fire. characterized by the loss of

According to the structure for suppressing the spread of fire for a building of the present invention, even if a combustible exterior material is used as the exterior material, it is possible to prevent the spread of fire from occurring in the event of a fire.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the fire spread suppression structure of the building which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows an example applied to an outer wall part. FIG. 2 is a cross -sectional view taken along line X1-X1 of FIG. 1 and showing a structure for suppressing the spread of fire for a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view taken along line X1-X1 of FIG. 2, and is a longitudinal cross -sectional view showing a structure for suppressing the spread of fire for a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view taken along line X2-X2 of FIG. 2, and is a vertical cross -sectional view showing a structure for suppressing the spread of fire for a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the fire spread suppression structure of the building which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows an example applied to the upper back part of a balcony. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the fire spread suppression structure for a building according to one embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 ;

Hereinafter, a structure for suppressing the spread of fire in a building according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. FIG.

First, the fire spread suppression structure A of the building of the present embodiment has a combustible material (combustible exterior In a building using material 1), it relates to a structure for suppressing the spread of fire to upper floors in the event of a fire.

In the building fire spread suppression structure A of the present embodiment, a fixture 3 for attaching a combustible exterior material 1 to a building frame (preferably a noncombustible material such as concrete) 2 such as an outer wall of a building is set in advance in the event of a fire. It is designed to lose strength or burn out when exposed to high temperatures.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, when a fire breaks out in a room on the lower floor (hereinafter referred to as a fire room) in a building, there are many cases in which the opening of the fire room is damaged and a jetting flame occurs. The ejected flame ignites and burns the combustible exterior materials 1 attached to the outer wall surface above the fire chamber and the combustible exterior materials 1 attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the balcony. Also, the size of the flame increases due to the interaction between the combustion of the combustible exterior material 1 and the flame ejected from the fire chamber.

The heat radiation from this expanding flame ignites combustible materials on the balcony of the non-fire room on the upper floor, curtains and furniture in the non-fire room, and the non-fire room becomes a new fire room on the upper floor. There is a risk that the fire will spread to

On the other hand, in the fire spread suppression structure A of the building of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. When the combustible exterior material 1 is exposed to a high temperature such as fire heating, the fasteners 3 fixing the combustible exterior material 1 are quickly burned out and lose their strength, automatically The combustible exterior material 1 falls.

As a result, in the building fire spread suppression structure A of the present embodiment, the combustible exterior material 1 automatically falls and is removed at the beginning of a fire, making it possible to suppress the fire from spreading to the upper floors.

In other words, if the combustible exterior material 1 is removed from the outer wall and the upper back of the upper part of the fire room, the size of the flame that gives radiant heat to the non-fire room on the upper floor will be prevented from increasing, and the spread of fire to the upper floor will be suppressed or prevented. can be prevented.

Here, when applying the fire spread suppression structure A of the building of this embodiment to the outer wall, for example, as shown in FIGS. The combustible exterior material 1 is fixed using cut reinforcing bars 3b and flat plates 3c fixed to bolts 3a.

The lower flat plate 3c is made of plastic resin, wood material, or the like, and is constructed so as to be destroyed by fire in the early stages of a fire and lose its function as the fixture 3. As shown in FIG.

Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the combustible exterior material 1 may be vertically segmented. In this case, the combustible exterior materials 1 fall sequentially from the lower side, contributing to the suppression of the spread of fire to the upper floors.

It should be noted that the lower flat plate 3c may be made of a material that loses its strength at high temperatures without being destroyed by fire. Also, if the diameter of the nut 3d is larger than the width of the slit in the combustible exterior material 1 through which the anchor bolt 3a is passed, the material of the nut 3d must be the same as that used for the lower flat plate 3c. be.

On the other hand, like the case applied to the upper and back parts shown in FIGS. The head portion of the pin 3 may be made of a material such as plastic resin or wood material that will burn out in the early stages of a fire and lose its function as a fixture. The head of the fastening pin may be made of a material that loses its strength at high temperatures even if it is not destroyed by fire. Also, in the upper and back part, instead of fastening pins, anchor bolts are driven into the frame 2, and the weight of the combustible exterior material 1 can be transmitted to the anchor bolts. similar to the head) may be used.

By configuring the fixtures 3 for the combustible exterior material 1 as described above, the combustible exterior material 1 attached to the outer wall or upper back where the fire has occurred is exposed to high temperatures such as fire heat. , the fixture 3 is burned out at an early stage and loses its strength, and the combustible exterior material 1 can be automatically dropped.

As a result, the combustible exterior material 1 is automatically dropped and removed in the early stages of a fire, making it possible to suppress the spread of the fire to the upper floors.

Here, when the combustible exterior material 1 falls, not only the burning surface but also the back surface, which was not burning when attached to the frame, will start burning, and it is conceivable that the fire will grow.

For this reason, as shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 6, a heat insulating material 4 made of an inorganic material (for example, rock wool, glass wool, AES (alkaline earth silicate) wool, etc.) is applied to the back side of the combustible exterior material 1. ), a blanket-shaped heat insulating material 4 made of an inorganic material, or a heat insulating molded plate (heat insulating material 4) such as a gypsum board or a calcium silicate board, etc. You may make it provide.

Alternatively, the back side of the combustible exterior material 1 such as a wooden material is coated/impregnated with a flame retardant treatment agent (noncombustibility treatment agent) such as an amino acid phosphate resin, so that the back side of the combustible exterior material 1 is made flame retardant/impregnated. A non-combustible treatment may be applied. Of course, the surface of the combustible exterior material 1 may be coated/impregnated with a flame retardant agent (noncombustible agent).

By integrally providing the heat insulating layer 4 on the back side of the combustible exterior material 1 in this way, or by applying flame-retardant/incombustible treatment to the back side of the combustible exterior material 1, the combustible exterior material 1 falls. It is possible to surely reduce the burning area (the back side does not start burning), and to surely suppress/prevent the burning of the fallen combustible exterior material 1 and the spread of the fire. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably suppress the spread of fire to the upper floors.

Although one embodiment of the structure for suppressing the spread of fire for a building according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the invention.

1 Combustible exterior material 2 Frame 3 Fixture 3a Anchor bolt 3b Cut reinforcing bar 3c Flat plate 3d Nut 4 Thermal insulation (insulation layer)
A Fire spread control structure of the building

Claims (2)

A structure for suppressing the spread of fire in the event of a fire in a building in which combustible exterior materials are used as exterior materials,
The combustible exterior material is attached and supported to the building using fixtures that are exposed to a predetermined high temperature in the event of a fire and lose their fixing support,
The fixture is
Anchor bolts embedded in the frame,
a cut reinforcing bar fixed to the anchor bolt;
a flat plate embedded in the combustible cladding;
The cutting reinforcing bars and the flat plate are connected using fasteners,
The combustible exterior material is formed with a slit for passing the anchor bolt,
The flat plate is provided across the slit,
The cutting rebar is arranged in the slit,
A fire spread suppression structure for a building, wherein a portion of the flat plate exposed in the slit loses strength at high temperatures during a fire . In the fire spread suppression structure of the building according to claim 1,
A structure for suppressing the spread of fire for a building, wherein the combustible exterior material is formed by integrally laminating a heat insulating layer on the back side, or by flame-retardant/incombustible treatment on the back side.

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