JP2004323176A - Smoke removing device for structure body - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a smoke removing device for a structure body capable of forcibly removing smoke to the outside of the structure body with a simple structure without leakage of inside air in an elevator shaft to an inside of a building. <P>SOLUTION: When a fire occurs in a common space 13 on some floor in the structure body 1 and the smoke is generated, the smoke filled in the common space 13 flows into the elevator shaft 4 through a space around an elevator door 6. Simultaneously with the occurrence of the fire, a smoke removing fan 11 provided on a smoke removing hole 9 is automatically operated, and an air current 12 going to the smoke removing hole 9 from an air supply hole 8 is formed in the elevator shaft 4. The smoke flowing into the elevator shaft 4 by the fire generated in the common space 13 is guided by the air current 12 without stopping, and is raised in an inner part of the elevator shaft 4, and is forcibly removed to the outside of the building by the smoke removing hole 9 provided on a top end part of the elevator shaft 4 through the smoke removing fan 11. Thus, the smoke is prevented from flowing into other floors through the space around the elevator door 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure smoke exhaust device using an elevator shaft.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, an elevator provided in a structure has a gap around an elevator door. Therefore, when a fire occurs in the structure, smoke flows into the elevator shaft from a gap around the elevator door on the floor where the fire occurred. This smoke may rise inside the elevator shaft and flow into the room again through a gap around the elevator door on another floor. In order to prevent such a phenomenon, the Building Standards Law was revised (H14.6.1 was enforced), and the installation of a smoke-proofing / flame-proofing door (specific fire prevention equipment) in front of the elevator door was required. For example, it is necessary to install a specific fire prevention equipment door having a smoke blocking function as shown in Patent Document 1.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2003-33444 (see FIG. 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, such a specific fire prevention equipment door having a smoke shielding function increases the cost when constructing a structure and often restricts the design.
[0005]
In view of the above circumstances, the present invention has a simple structure, and a smoke exhaust device for a structure that can forcibly exhaust smoke outside the structure without leaking the smoke flowing into the elevator shaft at the time of a fire indoors. It is intended to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The smoke exhaust device for a structure according to claim 1, wherein the structure is provided with an elevator shaft having an elevator door that communicates with the structure in a vertical direction and faces indoors, and is provided near a lowermost portion of the elevator shaft. An air supply hole that is provided inside the shaft and a smoke exhaust fan that is provided near the top end of the elevator shaft and that is linked to an automatic fire alarm system are installed, and smoke that flows into the elevator shaft during a fire. A smoke exhaust hole for exhausting smoke to the outside of the structure, and an airflow from the air supply hole to the smoke exhaust hole is formed in the elevator shaft with the operation of the smoke exhaust fan. .
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The structure smoke exhaust device of the present invention utilizes an elevator shaft provided on the structure, and has an air supply hole near a lower portion of the elevator shaft and a smoke exhaust fan provided at a top end with a smoke exhaust fan. In the event of a fire in the structure, a smoke vent is provided to activate the smoke exhaust fan to create an airflow that flows from the air supply hole to the smoke exhaust hole in the elevator shaft, thereby causing the elevator shaft to emit fire. The smoke flowing into the inside is forcibly discharged to the outside of the structure by being put on the airflow.
[0008]
As shown in FIG. 1, the structure 1 includes a living room space 3 having a plurality of living rooms, a common space 13 in which a common corridor, an elevator hall, and the like are arranged, and an elevator shaft communicating with the structure 1 in the up-down direction. 4 is provided. The elevator shaft 4 is formed using the outer wall 2 of the structure 1 and is arranged so as to face the common space 13. These elevator shafts 4 are provided with elevator doors 6 on the side facing the common space 13 and provided with elevators 5 inside, so that they function as elevators similar to those used for general structures. Is what you do.
[0009]
In such an elevator shaft 4, an air supply hole 8 communicating with the outdoors is provided on the outer wall 2 near the lowermost portion, and a smoke exhaust hole 9 communicating with the outdoors is provided at the top end. The smoke device 7 is constituted. Here, the air supply hole 8 is provided with an air supply gallery 10 that takes in outside air from the outside into the elevator shaft 4 while adjusting the air volume, and a fire or the like occurs in the smoke exhaust hole 9. At this time, a smoke exhaust fan 11 is provided for efficiently exhausting the smoke flowing into the elevator shaft 4 to the outside. An automatic fire alarm system (not shown) is linked to the smoke exhaust fan 11, and is automatically activated when a fire occurs in the common space 13 of the structure 1.
The automatic fire alarm system is widely used for general structures, and automatically detects the occurrence of a fire, sounds an acoustic device and generates a fire for people in the building. And are linked to, for example, emergency broadcast facilities, fire and smoke prevention facilities, various fire extinguishing facilities, building management systems, and the like.
[0010]
With such a configuration, when the smoke exhaust fan 11 operates, outside air is supplied into the elevator shaft 4 from the air supply hole 8 provided near the lowermost portion of the elevator shaft 4, and the ceiling of the elevator shaft 4 is The inside air in the elevator shaft 4 is exhausted to the outside through the smoke exhaust fan 11 from the smoke exhaust hole 9 provided at the end, so that the air flow 12 from the bottom to the upper part in the elevator shaft 4. Is formed. Further, since the airflow 12 not only moves the inside air upward from below but also rises while sucking the surrounding air, the airflow 12 passes through the gaps around the elevator doors 6 provided in each story. Thus, the air in the common space 13 of each floor can be taken into the elevator shaft 4, and the taken air can be put on the airflow 12 and exhausted outside from the smoke exhaust hole 9.
[0011]
Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, in the structure 1, when a fire or the like occurs in a common space 13 on a certain level and smoke is generated, the smoke filled in the common space 13 is transmitted from a gap around the elevator door 6. It flows into the elevator shaft 4. On the other hand, simultaneously with the occurrence of a fire, the smoke exhaust fan 11 automatically operates by an automatic fire alarm device (not shown), and an airflow 12 is formed in the elevator shaft 4.
Therefore, the smoke that has flowed into the elevator shaft 4 is guided by the airflow 12 without stagnation and rises inside the elevator shaft 4, and the smoke exhaust holes 9 provided at the top end of the elevator shaft 4. Since the smoke is forcibly exhausted to the outside through the smoke exhaust fan 11, the smoke does not flow out to another floor through the gap around the elevator door 6.
[0012]
As described above, the elevator shaft 4 can form the airflow 12 inside the elevator shaft 4 by providing the air supply hole 8, the smoke exhaust hole 9 and the smoke exhaust fan 11, so that the structure 1 is shared in the event of a fire. The smoke flowing into the elevator shaft 4 from the space 13 functions as the smoke exhaust device 7 that puts the smoke on the airflow 12 and exhausts the smoke.
In addition, the airflow 12 formed on the elevator shaft 4 constituting the smoke exhaust device 7 unidirectionally sucks the surrounding air and rises toward the smoke exhaust hole 9. Can be sucked into the elevator shaft 4 from the space around the elevator door 6 by itself and put on the airflow 12 to exhaust the smoke, and function as a smoke exhaust device 7 both in the elevator shaft 4 and in the common space 13. Is what you do.
[0013]
According to the above-described configuration, the smoke exhaust device 7 of the structure 1 uses the elevator shaft 4, the air supply hole 8 near the lowermost end of the elevator shaft 4, and an automatic fire alarm at the top end. A smoke exhaust hole 9 provided with a smoke exhaust fan 11 linked to the equipment is provided. When a fire occurs in the common space 13 of the structure 1, the smoke exhaust fan 11 automatically operates and the inside of the elevator shaft 4 On the other hand, an airflow 12 from the air supply hole 8 to the smoke exhaust hole 9 is formed.
Thus, even when a fire or the like occurs in the common space 13 of a certain level in the structure 1, the smoke that has flowed into the elevator shaft 4 from the gap around the elevator door 6 is guided by the airflow 12 and the smoke is discharged. The smoke can be forcibly exhausted to the outside through the hole 9, and the smoke that has flowed into the elevator shaft 4 flows out to the other floor through the gap around the elevator door 6 on another floor as in the related art. It is possible to prevent the phenomenon that occurs.
[0014]
Further, by utilizing the suction force of the airflow 12, smoke filled in the common space 13 is taken into the elevator shaft 4 from a gap around the elevator door 6 by itself, and is put on the airflow 12 and discharged from the smoke exhaust hole 9. It is also possible to smoke, and the smoke exhaust device 7 of the structure 1 can function as the smoke exhaust device 7 in both the elevator shaft 4 and the common space 13.
[0015]
As described above, since the smoke exhaust device 7 functions as the smoke exhaust device 7 in both the elevator shaft 4 and the common space 13, the smoke exhaust door conventionally installed near the elevator door 6 on each floor is used. There is no need to provide it, the construction cost can be greatly reduced, and there is no influence on the design, and there is no restriction on the design plan.
In addition, the fire that occurred in the living room space 3 will be dealt with separately by means of mechanical smoke emission. However, even if smoke enters the common space 13, the smoke emission device will not allow the smoke to flow out to another floor. Is possible.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
According to the smoke exhaust device for a structure according to claim 1, an elevator shaft provided with an elevator door communicating with the structure in a vertical direction and facing an indoor, and provided near a lowermost portion of the elevator shaft, are provided with external air. Is provided near the top end of the elevator shaft, and a smoke exhaust fan that is linked to the automatic fire alarm system is installed, and flows into the elevator shaft during a fire. A smoke vent is provided outside the structure to emit smoke from the structure, and an airflow from the air supply hole to the smoke exhaust hole is formed in the elevator shaft with the operation of the smoke exhaust fan.
Thereby, even if a fire or the like occurs in a common space of a certain level in the structure, the smoke that has flowed into the elevator shaft from the gap around the elevator door is put on the airflow and forced from the smoke exhaust hole. Smoke can be exhausted to the outside, preventing the smoke that has flowed into the elevator shaft from flowing out to other floors through gaps around elevator doors on other floors, as before. It becomes.
[0017]
Furthermore, it is also possible to take in the smoke filled in the common space into the elevator shaft from the gap around the elevator door by itself by using the suction force of the airflow, put it on the airflow, and discharge the smoke from the smoke exhaust hole. Yes, the smoke exhaust device of the structure can function as a smoke exhaust device both in the elevator shaft and in the common space.
[0018]
In this way, the smoke exhaust device functions as a smoke exhaust device both in the elevator shaft and in the common space, so there is no need to provide a fireproof door for smoke shielding conventionally installed near the elevator door on each floor, The construction cost can be greatly reduced, the design is not affected, and the design plan is not restricted.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing a structure smoke exhaust device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a method of smoke emission at the time of fire using the structure smoke exhaust device according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Structure 2 Exterior wall 3 Living room space 4 Elevator shaft 5 Elevator 6 Elevator door 7 Smoke exhaust device 8 Air supply hole 9 Smoke exhaust hole 10 Air supply gallery 11 Smoke exhaust fan 12 Air flow 13 Common space

Claims (1)

An elevator shaft communicating with the structure in the vertical direction and including an elevator door facing the indoor,
An air supply hole provided near the lowermost portion of the elevator shaft, for supplying outside air to the inside of the elevator shaft,
A smoke exhaust fan, which is provided near the top end of the elevator shaft and is linked to an automatic fire alarm, is provided to exhaust smoke flowing into the elevator shaft to the outside of the structure in the event of a fire. Equipped with chimneys,
A smoke exhaust device for a structure, wherein an airflow from an air supply hole to a smoke exhaust hole is formed in the elevator shaft with the operation of the smoke exhaust fan.

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