JP2003334261A - Fire prevention system for atrium - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fire prevention system for an atrium which prevents smoke and heat generated on a floor of a fire from invading into a floor where no fire is detected through the atrium and hardly destroys openness of the atrium. <P>SOLUTION: The fire prevention system is used for a multi-story building 1 equipped with the atrium 2 in the inside. A room 3 of each floor and the atrium 2 of the multi-story building 1 constitute one mutually continuing space by an opening part 10 provided on a boundary surface between the room 3 and the atrium 2 respectively. Fire detectors for detecting the occurrence of the fire are provided in the rooms 3 on respective floors, and a closing means 30 for closing the opening part 10 of each floor, exhaust equipment 17 for exhausting on the floor of the fire, and air supply equipment 18 for supplying pressurized air to the floor where no fire is detected are provided for a situation when the occurrence of the fire is detected by one of the fire detectors. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an atrium disaster prevention system used in a multi-story building having an atrium inside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in multi-story buildings, an atrium has been used to create an open interior space.
Are becoming more frequent. As a conventional disaster prevention system corresponding to this type of multi-layered building, for example, an internal well space pressurized smoke exhaust system disclosed in JP 2001-104499 A is known. In this smoke exhaust system, when a fire occurs, the fire layer in which the fire has occurred is exhausted, and at the same time, pressurized air is supplied to all floors to reduce the pressure of the fire layer and pressurize the non-fire layer. By doing so, smoke and heat generated in the fire layer are prevented from being transmitted to the non-fire layer through the atrium.

[0003]

However, in the above conventional smoke exhaust system, since there is no partition between the living space of each layer and the atrium, the non-fire layer is under pressure. In this case, it is necessary to pressurize all the spaces other than the non-fire layer, which causes a problem that an excessive load is applied to the pressurized air supply equipment.

On the other hand, a partition such as a glass screen is provided between the living space of each layer and the atrium to block both spaces, thereby preventing smoke and heat from propagating from the fire layer to the non-fire layer. A disaster prevention system that does this is also proposed. However, in such a disaster prevention system,
By partitioning the living space of each layer and the atrium,
Although it is possible to reduce the load on the equipment for supplying pressurized air, there is a problem that the original open feeling of the atrium is significantly impaired.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to prevent smoke and heat generated in the fire layer from entering the non-fire layer through the atrium, and yet to provide a feeling of opening of the atrium. The aim is to provide an atrium disaster prevention system that does not damage the atrium.

[0006]

The invention according to claim 1 is a disaster prevention system for use in a multi-story building having an atrium inside, wherein the room space of each layer of the multi-story building and the atrium are An opening is provided on each of the boundary surfaces to form a continuous space, and a fire detector for detecting a fire is provided in each of the living spaces of the above layers, and a fire is detected by one of these fire detectors. In this case, a closing means for closing the opening of each layer, an exhaust facility for exhausting the fire layer, and an air supply facility for supplying pressurized air to the non-fire layer are provided. Here, the above-mentioned living spaces of each layer include not only living spaces in a narrow sense that are continuously used for the purpose of living, working, entertainment, etc., but also such as corridors, annexes, stairs, elevator halls, etc. Shall include all spaces other than the atrium that will be used continuously. Further, the closing means includes not only the partition panel according to claim 3 but also a fireproof shutter, a smokeproof shutter, and the like.

According to the disaster prevention system for an atrium according to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, when the fire detector detects a fire, the exhaust equipment exhausts the fire layer and the air supply equipment. As a result, pressurized air is supplied to the non-fire layer, which causes the fire layer to be decompressed and the non-fire layer to be pressurized, so smoke and heat generated in the fire layer can reach the non-fire layer through the atrium. It is possible to prevent intrusion. Moreover, at that time, since the opening of each layer is closed by the closing means, the non-fired layer can be easily put into a pressurized state, and the load on the air supply equipment can be significantly reduced. it can. Also, in normal times,
Since the opening of each layer is open, there is no fear of losing the open feeling of the atrium.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a disaster prevention system for use in a multi-storey building having an atrium therein, wherein an opening is provided at each boundary between the living space of each layer of the multi-layer building and the atrium. And a fire detector for detecting a fire occurrence in the atrium, and a closing means for closing the opening of each layer when a fire occurrence is detected by the fire detector. And an air supply facility for supplying pressurized air to the living space of each layer, and an atrium exhaust facility for exhausting air from the atrium.

According to the disaster prevention system for an atrium according to the present invention as set forth in claim 2, when a fire is detected in the atrium by the fire detector, the atrium exhaust facility exhausts the inside of the atrium. Pressurized air is supplied to the living space of each layer by the air supply facility, which causes the atrium to be in a decompressed state and the living space of each layer to be in a pressurized state, so smoke and heat generated in the atrium are in the living space of each layer. Can be prevented from being propagated to.
Moreover, at that time, since the opening of each layer is closed by the closing means, the living space of each layer can be easily put into a pressurized state, and the load on the air supply equipment can be significantly reduced. You can Further, in a normal state, the openings of the respective layers are open, so there is no fear of impairing the open feeling of the atrium.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, a waist wall is erected along the atrium in the living space of each of the layers, and inside the waist wall. Is characterized in that a partition panel that moves up and down by water pressure and closes the opening at its raised position is housed, and the partition panel constitutes the closing means.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the opening of each layer is closed by the partition panel when a fire occurs, smoke or the like leaks more than when the opening is closed by a shutter. It can be reduced, and the smoke prevention performance can be improved. In addition, since the partition panel is housed inside the waist wall during normal times, there is no concern that the partition panel impairs the aesthetics around the atrium. Also, unlike the conventional partition formation by lowering the shutter, the opening is closed by raising the partition panel, so even if there is an obstacle on the movement path of the partition panel, that obstacle will be removed. It can be pushed down, and it is possible to prevent an obstacle from being sandwiched between the partition panel and the wall surface to form a gap.
Further, since the partition panel is moved up and down by water pressure, it is possible to use a water spray water supply facility (sprinkler) as a drive device for the partition panel, which can reduce costs. Further, since the water used for raising and lowering the partition panel is supplied to the inside of the waist wall, the fire resistance of the waist wall can be improved.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the invention, a water spray device for spraying water from the atrium side toward the partition panel is provided.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the water spray is performed from the atrium side toward the partition panel, it is possible to prevent the partition panel from being deformed by heat, and the fire resistance performance of the partition panel. Can be increased.

The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 3 or 4, panel holding means for holding the partition panel in a state where the opening is closed is provided. is there. Here, as the panel holding means, for example, a type that restricts the movement of the partition panel with respect to the waist wall by the engagement of the concave portion provided on one of the waist wall and the partition panel and the claw portion provided on the other is used. It is possible. In this case, by providing the urging means for urging the claw portion in the engagement direction, the engagement state between the claw portion and the recess can be maintained in a stable state.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the partition panel is held by the panel holding means with the opening closed, it is possible to prevent the opening from opening in the event of a fire. it can. Further, even in normal times, the partition panel can be used as a partition wall, for example, when remodeling a part of the living room.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a disaster prevention system used for a multi-story building having an atrium therein, wherein an opening is provided at each boundary between the living space of each layer of the multi-story building and the atrium. The above-mentioned multi-story building is provided with a fire detector for detecting a fire occurrence in each of the above-mentioned living space of each layer and the above-mentioned atrium. It is characterized in that a pressurized air supply means for supplying pressurized air to the elevator machine room is provided.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, when the fire detector detects the fire, the pressurized air is supplied to the elevator machine room, so that the smoke is introduced into the elevator machine room and the elevator shaft. Can be suppressed.

[0018]

1 to 5 show an embodiment of an atrium disaster prevention system according to the present invention, in which reference numeral 1 is a building (multi-layer building). As shown in FIG. 1, the building 1 has an atrium 2 in a state of straddling each layer.
Is provided, and an opening 10 is provided at the boundary surface between the atrium 2 and the living space 3 of each layer so that the spaces are continuous with each other. An elevator shaft 6 is provided in the atrium 2 in a state of being partitioned by a partition wall 6a such as a glass screen. Above the elevator shaft 6, a motor for moving up and down an elevator car 8a, a pulley 8b, etc. are installed. An elevator machine room 7 is arranged. At the other end of the elevator shaft 6, a staircase 5 serving as an evacuation route is provided in a continuous manner in the upper and lower layers, and a corridor 4 is provided between the staircase 5 and the living space 3 of each layer. Has been.

The atrium 2 is provided with an air supply port 2a at the lower end thereof, while the natural smoke exhaust port 2 is provided at the upper end thereof.
b or the smoke exhaust passage 2c is provided, and the smoke exhaust passage 2c includes
A smoke exhaust fan (atrium exhaust equipment) 11 for sucking the air in the atrium 2 and guiding the air to the outside is installed.
Further, the elevator machine room 7 is provided with a pressurized air supply fan (pressurized air supply means) 12 for supplying pressurized air into the room, and a differential pressure damper 13 for discharging excess air inside the room. Is provided. Similarly, in the staircase 5,
In addition to the pressure supply fan 14 and the differential pressure damper 15,
An air supply duct 16 is provided for distributing and supplying the pressurized air discharged from the pressurized air supply fan 14 to each of the upper layer portion, the middle layer portion, and the lower layer portion. However, the air supply method may be one in the lower part of the staircase, and thus the air supply duct is not necessarily required.

A large number of vent holes 3b are provided on the ceiling surface 3a of each living room, and an exhaust port 17a and an air supply port 18a are provided between each ceiling surface 3a and the floor slab immediately above. There is. Each exhaust port 17a is connected to an exhaust duct 17b via an exhaust damper (not shown) which is normally closed. This exhaust duct 17b extends to the outside, and a smoke exhaust fan 17c is attached to its discharge side. The smoke exhaust fan 17c and the exhaust duct 17
b, the exhaust dampers and the exhaust ports 17a constitute exhaust equipment 17 for exhausting the fire layer.

On the other hand, each air supply port 18a is connected to an air supply duct 18b for transferring the pressurized air discharged from the air conditioner 18c,
It is connected via an air supply damper (not shown). The air conditioner 18c is installed in an air conditioner machine room or the like, and functions as a normal air conditioner during normal times, but functions as a supply means for pressurized air when a fire occurs. The air conditioner 18c, the air supply duct 18b, the air supply dampers, and the air supply ports 18a constitute an air supply facility 18 that supplies pressurized air to the non-fire layer.

Waist walls (handrails) 20 are erected upright along the atrium 2 in the living spaces 3 of the respective layers. Inside the waist walls 20, as shown in FIG. A partition panel (closing means) 30 for closing the opening 10 at its raised position is housed. The waist wall 20 is
A storage space 21 that can store the partition panel 30 is provided inside, and an opening 22 that serves as an entrance / exit of the partition panel 30 is provided on the upper surface. The waist wall 20 has a water supply hole 23 at the bottom of the storage space 21, and a water supply line 28 for supplying water to the water spray device 29 is connected through the water supply hole 23. Further, a concave portion 25 that can be engaged with the claw portion 32 of the partition panel 30 is provided on the upper portion of the inner wall of the waist wall 20.
A pair of rollers 24 for guiding the partition panel 30 in the up-down direction is attached to the upper part of the unit 5.

The partition panel 30 is composed of a lightweight aluminum panel or the like. Flanges 31a and 31b are provided at both upper and lower ends of the partition panel 30, and a seal member 34 for sealing the water flowing in from the water supply hole 23 is attached to the flange 31b at the lower end. That is, the partition panel 30 moves up and down by the pressure of the water filled in the gap S between the seal member 34 and the bottom of the storage space 21.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the lower end flange 31b is provided with a pair of claw portions 32 engageable with the concave portion 25 of the waist wall 20 so as to be movable back and forth in the thickness direction of the partition panel 30. And a spring member 33 for urging the claw portions 32 in the engaging direction. That is, when the partition panel 30 rises to a position where the opening 10 is closed, the claw portion 32 of the partition panel 30 encounters the concave portion 25 of the waist wall 20, and at the time of encountering the claw portion 32, the claw portion is urged by the spring member 33. 32 enters the recess 25, and the two are engaged with each other. In this engaged state, the partition panel 30 is in a state in which it cannot move in the vertical direction, and even if, for example, the water enclosed in the gap S escapes, the state is maintained as it is by the biasing force of the spring member 33. It is like this. That is, the claw portion 32,
The recess 25 and the spring member 33 constitute a panel holding means for holding the partition panel 30 in a state where the opening 10 is closed.

On the other hand, a partition panel 30 closes the opening 10 on the ceiling above the waist wall 20 (the claw portion 3).
2 and the concave portion 25 are engaged with each other, the partition panel 3
A groove 36 into which the 0 upper end flange 31a is inserted is provided. In the vicinity of the groove 36, a water spray device 29 that sprays water from the side of the atrium 2 toward the partition panel 30.
Is installed.

The living space 3 and atrium 2 of each layer
A fire detector (not shown) for detecting a fire by sensing heat or smoke is provided therein. The detection signals of those fire detectors are transmitted to a control device (not shown) installed in a disaster prevention center or the like via a signal line or a wireless device, and the control device, based on the detection signals,
Each valve 27 of the water supply line 28, each smoke exhaust fan 17c,
11, devices such as exhaust dampers, air conditioners 18c, air supply dampers, and pressurized air supply fans 12 and 14 are controlled. Each of the smoke exhaust fans 17c, 11, each of the pressurized air supply fans 12, 14, and the air conditioner 18c is provided with an inverter capable of adjusting the amount of discharged air, and the control of each inverter is performed by the control device. It is supposed to be executed.

According to the disaster prevention system having the above structure,
In a normal state, as shown in FIG. 1, the partition panel 30 is housed inside the waist wall 20, and the openings 10 of the respective layers are open. Then, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, when a fire occurs in any of the living room spaces 3 and the occurrence of the fire is detected by the fire detector, the control device controls each of the water supply lines 28 based on the detection signal. Valve 2
7 is operated to control the supply of water to the storage space 21 of each waist wall 20. As a result, the partition panels 30 housed in the waist walls 20 are respectively pushed up by water pressure, and all the openings 10 are closed by the partition panels 30.

Further, the control device operates each of the smoke exhaust fan 17c, the air conditioner 18c and the pressurized air supply fan 14 based on the above detection signal, and an exhaust damper communicating with the exhaust port 17a of the fire layer X, Non-fire layer air supply port 18
Control is performed to convert each of the air supply dampers leading to a to the open state. As a result, the smoke generated in the fire layer X is guided to the outside from the exhaust duct 17b, and the pressurized air discharged from the air conditioner 18c and the pressurized air supply fan 14 is not fired through the air supply ducts 18b and 16. The layers and staircases 5 are supplied. As a result, the fire layer X is in a decompressed state and the non-fire layer and the staircase 5 are in a pressurized state, so smoke and heat generated in the fire layer X are prevented from entering the non-fire layer through the atrium 2 and the staircase 5. Can be prevented.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, when a fire occurs in the atrium 2 and this fire is detected by the fire detector, the control device controls each valve 27 of the water supply line 28 based on the detection signal. To operate the opening 10 of each layer in the same manner as in the case of the fire in the living room.
Control to close with. Further, the control device operates the smoke exhaust fan 11 based on the detection signal,
Control is performed to open the natural smoke exhaust port 2b or the air supply port 2a. As a result, an ascending airflow is formed from the air supply port 2a toward the smoke exhaust passage 2c and the natural smoke exhaust port 2b, and the smoke generated in the atrium 2 is efficiently exhausted to the outdoors along the ascending airflow. It will be.

Further, the control device operates each of the air conditioner 18c and the pressurized air supply fans 12, 14 on the basis of the detection signal, and opens the air supply dampers communicating with the air supply ports 18a of the respective layers. Control to convert to.
Thereby, the air conditioner 18c and the pressurized air supply fans 12, 14
Pressurized air discharged from is supplied to each of the living room space 3, staircase 5 and elevator machine room 7 of each layer. As a result, the room space 3, the staircase 5, the elevator machine room 7 and the elevator shaft 6 of each layer are in a pressurized state and the atrium 2 is in a decompressed state, so that smoke and heat generated in the atrium 2 are in each layer. Space 3 and elevator shaft 6
It is possible to prevent the intrusion of the like. In addition, when the fire spreads, the control device controls the valves 27 of the water supply line 28.
Is controlled to supply water to each water spray device 29. As a result, water is sprayed from the water spray device 29 on the side of the atrium 2 toward the partition panel 30.

As described above, according to the atrium disaster prevention system having the above-described structure, when the fire detector detects a fire, the exhaust facility 17 exhausts the fire layer X and the air supply facility. Pressurized air is supplied to the non-fire layer by 18 so that the fire layer X is depressurized and the non-fire layer is pressurized, so that smoke and heat generated in the fire layer X pass through the atrium 2. Invasion of non-fire layer can be prevented. On the other hand, when a fire is detected in the atrium 2 by the fire detector, the smoke exhaust fan 11 exhausts the air in the atrium 2 and the air supply equipment 18 supplies pressurized air to the living space 3 of each layer. As a result, the atrium 2 is depressurized and the living space 3 of each layer is pressurized, so that smoke and heat generated in the atrium 2 can be prevented from propagating to the living space 3 of each layer. . In addition, when each of the above-mentioned fires occurs, all the opening portions 10 are closed by the partition panel 30, so that the living room space 3 of the non-fire layer can be easily put into a pressurized state, and the air supply equipment 18 The load on the can be significantly reduced.

Further, in a normal state, all the openings 10 are open, so there is no fear that the open feeling of the atrium 2 will be impaired. Further, at that time, since each partition panel 30 is housed inside the waist wall 20, there is no concern that the partition panel 30 impairs the aesthetics around the atrium 2. Further, since the opening 10 is closed by raising the partition panel 30, even if there is an obstacle on the moving path of the partition panel 30, the obstacle can be pushed down, and the partition panel 3
It is possible to prevent an obstacle from being sandwiched between 0 and the wall surface to form a gap.

Further, since the partition panel 30 is moved up and down by using the water spray water supply line 28, it is not necessary to separately provide equipment for driving the partition panel 30, and the cost can be reduced accordingly. You can Also,
Since the water used for raising and lowering the partition panel 30 is supplied into the waist wall 20, the fire resistance of the waist wall 20 can be enhanced. Further, when the fire spreads, water is sprayed from the atrium 2 side toward the partition panel 30, so that the partition panel 30 can be prevented from being deformed by heat, and the fire resistance performance of the partition panel 30 can be improved. it can.

In this embodiment, the opening 10
Although the closing means for closing the above is constituted by the partition panel 30, it is also possible to constitute the closing means by, for example, a fireproof shutter or a smokeproof shutter. In this case, by setting the supply amount of the pressurized air in consideration of the leak amount of the shutter in advance, it is possible to maintain the non-fire layer in the pressurized state as in the case of the partition panel 30.

[0035]

As described above, according to the disaster prevention system for an atrium according to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, when a fire is detected by the fire detector, the fire layer is in a decompressed state and non-fire. Since the layer is pressurized, smoke and heat generated in the fire layer can be prevented from entering the non-fire layer through the atrium. Moreover, at that time, since the opening of each layer is closed by the closing means,
The load on the air supply equipment can be greatly reduced.
Further, in a normal state, the openings of the respective layers are open, so there is no fear of impairing the open feeling of the atrium.

According to the disaster prevention system for an atrium according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the fire detector detects the occurrence of a fire in the atrium, the atrium is in a decompressed state and the living space of each layer is in a pressurized state. Therefore, it is possible to prevent smoke and heat generated in the atrium from entering the living space of each layer. Moreover, at that time, the opening of each layer is closed by the closing means, so that the load on the air supply equipment can be significantly reduced. Also,
In normal times, since the openings of the layers are open, there is no fear of impairing the open feeling of the atrium.

According to the third aspect of the invention, as compared with the case where the opening is closed by the shutter, the leakage of smoke and the like is reduced, and the smokeproof performance can be improved. In addition, since the partition panel is housed inside the waist wall during normal times, there is no concern that the partition panel impairs the aesthetics around the atrium. Further, since the partition panel is moved up and down by water pressure, it is possible to use a water spray water supply facility as a drive device for the partition panel, which can reduce the cost. Further, since the water used for raising and lowering the partition panel is supplied to the inside of the waist wall, the fire resistance of the waist wall can be improved.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the partition panel can be prevented from being deformed by heat, and the fire resistance performance of the partition panel can be enhanced. According to the invention as set forth in claim 5, it is possible to prevent the opening from being opened during a fire as much as possible. Also, even in normal times,
The partition panel can be used as a partition wall, for example, when remodeling a part of the living room space. According to the invention described in claim 6, it is possible to suppress smoke from entering the elevator machine room and the elevator shaft.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an atrium disaster prevention system according to the present invention.

2A and 2B are cross-sectional views showing the periphery of the opening of FIG. 1, in which FIG. 2A shows a state in which the opening is open, and FIG. 2B shows a state in which the opening is closed.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state when a fire occurs in the living room of FIG. 1.

5 is a diagram showing a state when a fire occurs in the atrium of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 building (multi-story building) 2 atrium 3 living space 7 Elevator machine room 10 openings 11 Smoke exhaust fan (atrium exhaust equipment) 12 Pressurized air supply fan (pressurized air supply means) 17 Exhaust equipment 18 Air supply equipment 20 waist wall 25 Recess (panel holding means) 29 Water spray device 30 compartment panels (closing means) 32 Claw (panel holding means) 33 Spring material (panel holding means)

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A disaster prevention system used for a multi-storey building having an atrium inside, the space being continuous with each other by providing openings at the boundary surfaces between the living space of each layer of the multi-layer building and the atrium. And a fire detector for detecting a fire occurrence in the living space of each layer, and a closing means for closing the opening of each layer when a fire occurrence is detected by any of these fire detectors. A disaster prevention system for an atrium, which is provided with an exhaust facility for exhausting the fire layer and an air supply facility for supplying pressurized air to the non-fire layer. 2. A disaster prevention system used for a multi-story building having an atrium inside, the space being continuous with each other by providing openings at the boundary surfaces between the living space of each layer of the multi-story building and the atrium. In addition to providing a fire detector for detecting a fire occurrence in the atrium, when a fire occurrence is detected by this fire detector, a closing means for closing the opening of each layer and the living space of each layer An atrium disaster prevention system, comprising: an air supply facility for supplying pressurized air; and an atrium exhaust facility for exhausting air from the atrium. 3. A waist wall is erected along the atrium in each of the living spaces of the respective layers, and inside the waist wall,
The disaster prevention system for an atrium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a partition panel that moves up and down by water pressure and closes the opening at its raised position is housed, and the partition means constitutes the closing means. 4. A disaster prevention system for an atrium according to claim 3, further comprising a water spray device for spraying water from the atrium side toward the partition panel. 5. The disaster prevention system for an atrium according to claim 3, further comprising panel holding means for holding the partition panel in a state where the opening is closed. 6. A disaster prevention system for use in a multi-storey building having an atrium inside, the space being continuous with each other by providing openings at the interface between the living space of each layer of the multi-layer building and the atrium. In addition to providing a fire detector for detecting a fire in the living space of each layer and the atrium,
When a fire is detected by this fire detector,
A disaster prevention system for an atrium, characterized by comprising a pressurized air supply means for supplying pressurized air to the elevator machine room of the above-mentioned multi-story building.