JP2004303804A - Ternary alloy material - Google Patents

Ternary alloy material Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004303804A
JP2004303804A JP2003092278A JP2003092278A JP2004303804A JP 2004303804 A JP2004303804 A JP 2004303804A JP 2003092278 A JP2003092278 A JP 2003092278A JP 2003092278 A JP2003092278 A JP 2003092278A JP 2004303804 A JP2004303804 A JP 2004303804A
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Prior art keywords
alloy material
temperature
resistance
thin film
resistance value
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JP2003092278A
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JP4136755B2 (en
Inventor
Kenji Kurita
賢治 栗田
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Susumu Co Ltd
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Susumu Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an alloy material having a positive temperature coefficient, a high resistance value and a resistance temperature characteristic excellent in linearity. <P>SOLUTION: The alloy material is constituted of three elements of Al, Cr and Si and has a composition range of Al:10-84at%, Cr:9-65at% and Si:8-58at%. A resistor element is equipped with a PTC thermistor constituted of the alloy material, a thin film constituted of the alloy material, and an insulating substrate which retains the thin film. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、3元合金材料に属し、特に正温度係数(PTC)サーミスタや抵抗器などに好適に利用される合金材料に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電子部品の高集積、高精度の要求から回路の動作時の温度検出、回路の温度変化による特性の変化を補償するための感温素子が求められている。電気素子の温度特性とこれを補償するために用いるサーミスタの温度特性とは、互いに正負のみ反転したものが理想的であるが、電気素子によりその特性は異なる。そこで、これを整合させるためのソフトウェアや回路が設けられる。この場合、サーミスタの特性としては、非線形な曲線より直線に近い方が整合させやすい。
【0003】
温度を抵抗値の変化として検知する素子材料のうち正の温度係数をもつものとしては、白金、あるいはルテニウム、ロジウムなど白金以外の金属、あるいはチタン酸バリウムなどの複合金属酸化物などがある。このうち白金は安定した抵抗温度特性を有し、ルテニウムやロジウムは白金に比べ安価であり、チタン酸バリウムは設定温度(キューリー温度)で高い感度(抵抗変化率)を有するなど、各々異なる特徴がある。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、白金は、非常に高価であり、また純金属であることから実現できる抵抗値も低い。また、他の金属も実現できる抵抗値が低い点は同様であり、例えば市販されている某メーカーの感温抵抗素子ではサイズが1.6×0.8mmあるいは2.0×1.2mmで抵抗温度係数が1500ppm/℃のものの場合、抵抗値範囲が1k〜10kと狭く、且つ抵抗値が低い。また抵抗温度係数が2700ppm/℃のものとなると、抵抗値範囲が1k〜3kと更に狭い。他のメーカーの抵抗材料も同様である。感温抵抗素子が金属膜からなる場合、抵抗値は理論的に膜厚を薄くすることにより高められるが、電気伝導の連続性を保つには10nm程度が限界であり、あとは材質を変えるしかない。一方、チタン酸バリウムは、その抵抗温度特性が直線的でなく、電子部品の一般的な使用温度範囲で種々の温度を抵抗値の変化として検知する素子としては適していない。
【0005】
従って、これまで負の温度係数をもつ被補償素子・回路に対しての正温度係数、高抵抗値、直線性の良好な抵抗温度特性を合わせもった感温素子はない。
それ故、この発明の課題は、正温度係数、高抵抗値及び直線性の良好な抵抗温度特性を有する合金材料を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
その課題を解決するために、この発明の合金材料は、
Al、Cr及びSiの3元素から構成され、Al:10〜84at%、Cr:9〜65at%及びSi:8〜58at%の組成範囲をもつことを特徴とする。
この組成範囲をもつことにより、高抵抗値で且つ直線性に優れた正の抵抗温度特性が得られる。従って、この合金材料からなるPTCサーミスタによれば、電気素子の特性と整合するプログラムや回路を容易に制作することができる。また、この合金材料からなる薄膜と、この薄膜を支持するガラス基板やセラミック基板などの絶縁基板とを備えることにより、直線性に優れた抵抗体素子として用いることもできる。
【0007】
【実施例】
アルミニウムAl基板上にクロムCrチップおよびケイ素Siチップを配置し、これをターゲットとしてスパッタリングすることにより、またはCr基板上にAlチップおよびSiチップを配置し、これをターゲットとしてスパッタリングすることにより、またはSi基板上にAlチップおよびCrチップを配置し、これをターゲットとしてスパッタリングすることによってアルミナセラミックの電気的絶縁基板上にAlCrSiからなる種々の組成の3元合金薄膜を約100nmの厚さで形成した。薄膜中の成分比は、Al(又はCr、Si)基板の重量に対するCr(又はAl、Si)チップ及びSi(又はAl、Cr)チップの重量で調整した。そのような薄膜に2%水素と98%窒素の還元性混合ガス雰囲気中で450℃〜600℃の温度範囲の熱処理を行ったのち、4端子法により25℃及び125℃における比抵抗を測定し、測定値から温度係数を算出した。
【0008】
ここで温度係数は以下の式(1)で定義される値である。
温度係数=(ρ−ρ)/(ρΔT)・・・・(1)
ρ:任意温度(本例では125℃)での比抵抗
ρ:基準温度(本例では25℃)での比抵抗
ΔT:温度差
【0009】
例として560℃で熱処理した後の組成と比抵抗及び抵抗温度係数を表1に、また組成図を図1にそれぞれ示した。図中、四角枠内の数字は試料番号である。図1の破線で囲まれる組成が本発明合金材料に属し、表1からこの範囲において正温度係数としておよそ150〜3000ppm/℃の広い範囲で任意の温度係数の素子が得られることが判る。また対応する比抵抗は0.01〜1.25mΩ・cmであった。
【0010】
【表1】

Figure 2004303804
【0011】
上記で得られた比抵抗に基づき、薄膜製造技術を用いて本発明の合金材料で実現できる感温抵抗体素子の抵抗値範囲を表2に示した。表中、素子サイズ1.6×0.8mmにおいて上段が試料番号10、中段が試料番号6、下段が試料番号2に対応する。素子サイズ2.0×1.2mmの場合も同様である。このように同じ素子サイズであっても本発明の薄膜を用いることで、はるかに広い抵抗値範囲、特に上限抵抗値が高く正温度係数を持った感温抵抗素子を実現することができる。
【0012】
【表2】
Figure 2004303804
【0013】
次に、熱処理温度を変化させた場合の、いくつかの組成における温度係数の変化を図2に示す。このように、本発明合金材料によれば温度係数の値が組成により一義的に決まるのではなく、熱処理温度を制御することによりさらに精密に目的値に調整することが可能である。
次に、図3に上記試料のうち5点の抵抗温度特性を示す。また比較のために、図4に市販されている松下電器産業株式会社製の感温抵抗ERVシリーズのカタログに基づく抵抗温度特性を示した。図3と図4を対比して判るように、本発明の合金材料は市販品と同程度の良好な直線性を有していた。ちなみに、上記市販品は、抵抗値範囲の上限が10kΩにとどまっている。
【0014】
【発明の効果】
以上のようにこの発明による3元合金材料を用いることで、広い範囲の正温度係数をもち、抵抗値範囲が広く、特に上限抵抗値が高く、抵抗温度特性の直線性に優れた感温抵抗素子が実現可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】3元合金材料の組成図である。
【図2】実施例の合金材料の熱処理温度と抵抗温度係数の関係を示すグラフである。
【図3】実施例の合金材料の抵抗温度特性を示すグラフである。
【図4】市販の感温抵抗の抵抗温度特性を示すグラフである。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ternary alloy material, and particularly to an alloy material suitably used for a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor, a resistor, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Due to the demand for high integration and high precision of electronic components, there is a demand for a temperature sensing element for detecting a temperature during circuit operation and compensating for a change in characteristics due to a change in circuit temperature. Ideally, the temperature characteristic of the electric element and the temperature characteristic of the thermistor used for compensating the same are ideally inverted only in positive and negative directions, but the characteristics differ depending on the electric element. Therefore, software or a circuit for matching this is provided. In this case, as the characteristics of the thermistor, matching is easier if the curve is closer to a straight line than a nonlinear curve.
[0003]
Elements having a positive temperature coefficient among element materials that detect temperature as a change in resistance include platinum, metals other than platinum such as ruthenium and rhodium, and composite metal oxides such as barium titanate. Among them, platinum has stable resistance temperature characteristics, ruthenium and rhodium are less expensive than platinum, and barium titanate has high sensitivity (rate of change in resistance) at a set temperature (Curie temperature). is there.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, platinum is very expensive and has a low achievable resistance value because it is a pure metal. The same is true for other metals that have a low resistance value. For example, a commercially available temperature-sensitive resistance element of a certain manufacturer has a resistance of 1.6 × 0.8 mm or 2.0 × 1.2 mm. When the temperature coefficient is 1500 ppm / ° C., the resistance value range is as narrow as 1 k to 10 k and the resistance value is low. Further, when the temperature coefficient of resistance is 2700 ppm / ° C., the resistance value range is further narrowed to 1 k to 3 k. The same is true for resistance materials from other manufacturers. When the temperature-sensitive resistance element is made of a metal film, the resistance value can be increased by theoretically decreasing the film thickness. However, to maintain the continuity of electric conduction, the limit is about 10 nm. Absent. On the other hand, barium titanate has a non-linear resistance-temperature characteristic, and is not suitable as an element for detecting various temperatures as changes in resistance in a general operating temperature range of electronic components.
[0005]
Therefore, there is no thermosensitive element that has a positive temperature coefficient, a high resistance value, and a resistance-temperature characteristic with good linearity for a compensated element or circuit having a negative temperature coefficient.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an alloy material having a positive temperature coefficient, a high resistance value, and a resistance-temperature characteristic with good linearity.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the problem, the alloy material of the present invention is:
It is composed of three elements of Al, Cr and Si, and has a composition range of Al: 10 to 84 at%, Cr: 9 to 65 at%, and Si: 8 to 58 at%.
By having this composition range, a positive resistance temperature characteristic having a high resistance value and excellent linearity can be obtained. Therefore, according to the PTC thermistor made of this alloy material, it is possible to easily produce a program or a circuit that matches the characteristics of the electric element. Further, by providing a thin film made of this alloy material and an insulating substrate such as a glass substrate or a ceramic substrate that supports the thin film, it can be used as a resistor element having excellent linearity.
[0007]
【Example】
By placing a chromium Cr chip and a silicon Si chip on an aluminum Al substrate and sputtering them as a target, or by placing an Al chip and a Si chip on a Cr substrate and sputtering them as a target, or An Al chip and a Cr chip were arranged on a substrate, and sputtering was performed using the chips as targets to form ternary alloy thin films of various compositions made of AlCrSi with a thickness of about 100 nm on an electrically insulating substrate of alumina ceramic. The component ratio in the thin film was adjusted by the weight of the Cr (or Al, Si) chip and the weight of the Si (or Al, Cr) chip with respect to the weight of the Al (or Cr, Si) substrate. After subjecting such a thin film to heat treatment in a temperature range of 450 ° C. to 600 ° C. in a reducing mixed gas atmosphere of 2% hydrogen and 98% nitrogen, the specific resistance at 25 ° C. and 125 ° C. was measured by a four-terminal method. The temperature coefficient was calculated from the measured values.
[0008]
Here, the temperature coefficient is a value defined by the following equation (1).
Temperature coefficient = (ρ−ρ 0 ) / (ρ 0 ΔT) (1)
ρ: specific resistance at an arbitrary temperature (125 ° C. in this example) ρ 0 : specific resistance at a reference temperature (25 ° C. in this example) ΔT: temperature difference
As an example, the composition, the specific resistance and the temperature coefficient of resistance after the heat treatment at 560 ° C. are shown in Table 1, and the composition diagram is shown in FIG. In the figure, numbers in square frames are sample numbers. The composition surrounded by the broken line in FIG. 1 belongs to the alloy material of the present invention, and it can be seen from Table 1 that an element having an arbitrary temperature coefficient can be obtained in a wide range of about 150 to 3000 ppm / ° C. as a positive temperature coefficient in this range. The corresponding specific resistance was 0.01 to 1.25 mΩ · cm.
[0010]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004303804
[0011]
Table 2 shows the resistance value range of the temperature-sensitive resistor element that can be realized by the alloy material of the present invention using the thin film manufacturing technique based on the specific resistance obtained above. In the table, for an element size of 1.6 × 0.8 mm, the upper row corresponds to sample number 10, the middle row corresponds to sample number 6, and the lower row corresponds to sample number 2. The same applies to an element size of 2.0 × 1.2 mm. By using the thin film of the present invention even with the same element size, a temperature-sensitive resistance element having a much wider resistance value range, in particular, a high upper resistance value and a positive temperature coefficient can be realized.
[0012]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004303804
[0013]
Next, FIG. 2 shows changes in temperature coefficients of some compositions when the heat treatment temperature is changed. As described above, according to the alloy material of the present invention, the value of the temperature coefficient is not uniquely determined by the composition, but can be more precisely adjusted to the target value by controlling the heat treatment temperature.
Next, FIG. 3 shows resistance-temperature characteristics of five points of the above samples. For comparison, FIG. 4 shows resistance-temperature characteristics based on a catalog of a temperature-sensitive resistor ERV series manufactured by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. As can be seen by comparing FIGS. 3 and 4, the alloy material of the present invention had good linearity comparable to that of a commercial product. Incidentally, the upper limit of the resistance value range of the above-mentioned commercial products is limited to 10 kΩ.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, by using the ternary alloy material according to the present invention, a temperature-sensitive resistor having a wide range of positive temperature coefficients, a wide range of resistance values, particularly a high upper resistance value, and excellent linearity of resistance temperature characteristics. The device becomes feasible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a composition diagram of a ternary alloy material.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between a heat treatment temperature and a temperature coefficient of resistance of an alloy material of an example.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing resistance-temperature characteristics of the alloy materials of Examples.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing resistance-temperature characteristics of a commercially available temperature-sensitive resistor.

Claims (3)

Al、Cr及びSiの3元素から構成され、Al:10〜84at%、Cr:9〜65at%及びSi:8〜58at%の組成範囲をもつことを特徴とする合金材料。An alloy material composed of three elements of Al, Cr and Si, having a composition range of Al: 10 to 84 at%, Cr: 9 to 65 at%, and Si: 8 to 58 at%. 請求項1に記載の合金材料からなるPTCサーミスタ。A PTC thermistor comprising the alloy material according to claim 1. 請求項1に記載の合金材料からなる薄膜と、この薄膜を支持する絶縁基板とを備える抵抗体素子。A resistor element comprising a thin film made of the alloy material according to claim 1 and an insulating substrate supporting the thin film.
JP2003092278A 2003-03-28 2003-03-28 PTC thermistor made of ternary alloy material Expired - Lifetime JP4136755B2 (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007073651A (en) * 2005-09-06 2007-03-22 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd Film resistor and method of manufacturing same
JP2012224890A (en) * 2011-04-18 2012-11-15 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Sputtering target and method for producing the same
WO2015029915A1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-05 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Metal nitride material for thermistor, manufacturing method for same, and film-type thermistor sensor
WO2015029914A1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-05 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Metal nitride material for thermistor, manufacturing method for same, and film-type thermistor sensor

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007073651A (en) * 2005-09-06 2007-03-22 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd Film resistor and method of manufacturing same
JP2012224890A (en) * 2011-04-18 2012-11-15 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Sputtering target and method for producing the same
WO2015029915A1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-05 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Metal nitride material for thermistor, manufacturing method for same, and film-type thermistor sensor
WO2015029914A1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-05 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Metal nitride material for thermistor, manufacturing method for same, and film-type thermistor sensor
JP2015065417A (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-04-09 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Metal nitride material for thermistor, method for manufacturing the same, and film-type thermistor sensor
JP2015065418A (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-04-09 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Metal nitride material for thermistor, method for manufacturing the same, and film-type thermistor sensor
CN105264619A (en) * 2013-08-30 2016-01-20 三菱综合材料株式会社 Metal nitride material for thermistor, manufacturing method for same, and film-type thermistor sensor
US10304597B2 (en) 2013-08-30 2019-05-28 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Metal nitride material for thermistor, method for producing same, and film type thermistor sensor

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