JP2004285496A - Sheath-core type conjugated fiber and fiber structure comprising the fibers and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sheath-core type conjugated fiber which has excellent amenity, excellent heat insulating property, excellent lightweight touch, and a characteristic soft (comfortable) and moist texture, to provide a fiber structure comprising the fibers, to provide a method for producing the fiber structure which is friendly for the environment and can easily be formed in a hollow shape. <P>SOLUTION: This sheath-core type conjugated fiber comprising at least two components of a biodegradable polymer as the core component A and a polyamide polymer as the sheath component B is characterized by adhering a silicone component to the fibers in an amount of ≥0.01 wt. % based on the weight of the fibers and satisfying the following fiber physical properties (1) to (5). (1) The fineness of the single fiber is 0.9 to 11.0 dtex. (2) The number of crimps is 5 to 25 mountains / 25 mm. (3) The crimping degree is 5 to 30 %. (4) Dry strength is 0.5 to 10.0 cN/dtex. (5) Dry elongation is 15 to 100 %. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【００７９】
【表２】

【００８０】
【表３】

【００８１】
【表４】

【００８２】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、従来技術では得ることが困難であった、快適性に優れ、かつ保温性と軽量感に優れていてソフト（心地良い）でしっとり感のある独特な風合を有する芯鞘型複合繊維および該繊維からなる繊維構造体（織物、立毛、パイル織物、織物等）を得ることができ、該繊維構造体は、衣料用途（防寒衣料等）、各種の資材用途（鞄地等）などに好適に用いられ得るものである。
【００８３】
また、芯成分として易溶解性である生分解性ポリマーを用いることにより、芯成分が従来技術に比べて溶解除去しやすく、溶解によって発生する処理液が生分解性の成分であるため、処理しやすいという利点がある。
【００８４】
これと同時に、鞘成分として難除去性であるポリアミドポリマーを用いることについても溶解液に対して耐薬品性に優れているため、ピリング性が良好である。
【００８５】
また、本発明の方法は、上記の芯鞘型複合繊維と繊維構造体を製造するに際して、良好な紡糸性、高次加工性（紡績性等）を実現し、高い生産収率性と生産性に優れたものである。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a core-in-sheath composite fiber, a fiber structure using the fiber, and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
More specifically, a fiber structure made of nylon hollow fiber having excellent heat retention, light weight, soft (comfortable) texture, and excellent productivity (production yield), and a method for producing the fiber structure that is environmentally friendly and easily hollowed About.
[0003]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, conjugate fibers have been produced from all kinds of fiber materials such as polyester, nylon, acrylic, polyethylene, and polypropylene, and various researches and developments have been made today in Japan and overseas.
[0004]
However, the production process of the conjugate fiber is complicated and the productivity is not high as compared with the non-conjugate fiber mainly using only a single component polymer. In particular, the setting of conditions such as melting conditions and yarn cooling after spinning (chimney) in the spinning process becomes more complicated than non-composite fibers due to the handling of multiple component polymers, and the production conditions and processes require more advanced technology. Is needed.
[0005]
Also, when fabricating a fibrous structure (such as a woven fabric) using a conjugate fiber, its permeability (productivity) is lower than that of a non-composite fiber in higher-order processing (a spinning process, a weaving process, a dyeing process, etc.) There was a problem of increased costs.
[0006]
In addition, in recent years, in addition to the composite fiber, an antimicrobial, deodorant, antifouling, flame-retardant, moisture-absorbing / desorbing fiber containing an additive in the polymer, a stretch fiber laminated with a two-component polymer, and a core-sheath structure A large number of conjugated fibers having functionalities such as anti-reflection, heat-bonded fibers, and irregular cross-section fibers spun using a special die (nozzle) have been developed and widely known.
[0007]
Among these, hollow cross-section fibers having both heat retention and lightness are widely used for bedding (fiber fill) such as futon cotton and clothing such as cotton put in jumpers and coats.
[0008]
In recent years, the demand for winter sports (ski wear, snowboard wear) applications is high, and lightweight fibers that maintain warmth (easiness of movement) for sports clothing while emphasizing heat retention as winter clothing are preferable and intense. Moisture-absorbing / desorbing fibers that can provide a refreshing feeling even during exercise have been desired. Examples of synthetic fiber materials suitable for this use include polyesters and polyamides (polycapramid, polyhexamethylene adipamide) in terms of their excellent strength and easy-care properties.
[0009]
However, polyester is inexpensive and has a dry feeling and is bulky and bulky as a hollow fiber, but has poor moisture absorption / desorption properties and feeling (feel).
[0010]
On the other hand, nylon fibers have high moisture absorption and desorption properties and good hand feeling, but because the polymer is expensive and the specific heat of the polymer itself is high when forming hollow fibers, the hollow parts are fused by heat during spinning production. Difficult to have high hollow structure. In addition, since the modulus of the nylon polymer itself is low, there is a problem that the hollow structure is crushed when passing through higher-order processing (spinning step, weaving step, dyeing step, etc.). Therefore, in order to obtain a fiber having a high hollow ratio, for example, after spinning a core-sheath conjugate fiber having a polyester as a core component obtained by polymerizing isophthalic acid, alkylene glycol, sulfoisophthalic acid alkali metal salt, etc. A hollow fiber obtained by treating with an aqueous solution to remove polyester as a core component and a method for producing the same have been proposed (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
[0011]
However, since the polyester as the core component is a polymer which is hardly decomposed in nature, equipment and labor for collecting and treating the extracted solvent are required. In addition to this, since the alkali dissolution time is long, there is a problem that the production capacity is low, and the alkali-resistant polymer of the sheath component is also adversely affected, thereby lowering the quality of the product.
[0012]
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-6-33319
[0013]
[Patent Document 2] JP-A-7-278947
[0014]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the present invention has a unique feeling of softness (comfortable) which is excellent in comfort, excellent in heat retention and lightness, and soft (comfortable) which could not be obtained by the conventional technology as described above. An object of the present invention is to provide a core-sheath type composite fiber, a fiber structure comprising the fiber, and a method for producing the fiber structure which is environmentally friendly and easily hollow (fiber production method / fiber structure production method).
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The core-sheath conjugate fiber of the present invention is a core-sheath conjugate fiber in which the core component A is a biodegradable polymer and the sheath component B is at least two components of a polyamide polymer, and has the following fiber properties (1) to ( The core-in-sheath type conjugate fiber which satisfies 5) and is characterized in that a silicon component is attached to the fiber in an amount of 0.01 wt% or more based on the weight of the fiber.
[0016]
(1) Fineness: 0.9 dtex or more and 11.0 dtex
(2) Number of crimps: 5 peaks / 25 mm or more and 25 peaks / 25 mm or less
(3) Crimp rate: 5% or more and 30% or less
(4) Dry strength: 0.5 cN / dtex or more and 10.0 cN / dtex or less
(5) Dry elongation: 15% or more and 100% or less
Further, the method for producing a core-in-sheath type conjugate fiber of the present invention comprises forming a fiber structure using the above-mentioned core-in-sheath type conjugate fiber of the present invention, and thereafter, a core component ( A) A method for producing a fiber structure, wherein A) is eluted and removed with a solution or the like to hollow the fiber to obtain a fiber structure.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the core-sheath type composite fiber of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0018]
The core-sheath type conjugate fiber of the present invention has a core component and a sheath component, the core component A is a biodegradable polymer, the sheath component B is at least two components of a polyamide polymer, and the silicone component is a fiber. It is a core-sheath type conjugate fiber adhered to at least 0.01 wt% based on the weight.
[0019]
In the present invention, the polymer of the core component A must be a biodegradable polymer from the viewpoint that it is environmentally friendly and easily hollowed out when the core component is removed by elution with alkali.
[0020]
The biodegradable polymer referred to in the present invention includes, for example, starch-based polymers such as starch and copolymers of starch and ethylene, chitosan-based polymers, natural polymer-based polymers such as cellulose-based, ε-caprolactone, biocellulose-based, and glycols. System, aliphatic polyester system, lactic acid system and the like. Among these, aliphatic polyester-based and lactic acid-based biodegradable polymers (polylactic acid) are preferable from the viewpoint of easy elution and removal of an alkaline aqueous solution that is easy to handle.
[0021]
On the other hand, examples of the polyamide polymer constituting the sheath component B include nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 4/6, nylon 6/10, nylon 11, nylon 12, and the like. Among them, production cost, spinnability during fiber production, Nylon 6 and nylon 66 are preferred from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance and wear resistance. When nylon 66 is used, polyhexamethylene adipamide containing sebacic acid, isophthalic acid, paraxylene diamide, or the like, or a copolymer thereof, such as polyhexamethylene adipamide, is used from the viewpoint of good texture of the fiber. It is preferable to use More specifically, it is preferable to use a copolymer of lactam in the range of 0.01 wt% to 10 wt% from the viewpoint of suppressing gelation of the polymer at the time of melting and improving spinnability. More preferably, it is preferable to copolymerize in the range of 0.1 wt% or more and 2 wt% or less.
[0022]
The gelation referred to in the present invention means that the liquid polymer is solidified by heating while maintaining a certain degree of elasticity. If the lactam copolymerization ratio is less than 0.01 wt%, the spinnability becomes poor for the above reasons. Conversely, if the lactam copolymerization ratio is higher than 10 wt%, the fiber texture, dimensional stability and raw cotton physical properties (Strong elongation of the yarn).
[0023]
In the present invention, from the viewpoint of improving the fiber productivity and higher processability, the silicon component must be attached to the fiber in an amount of 0.01% by weight or more based on the weight of the fiber. It is at least 02 wt%. If the adhesion amount of the silicon component is less than 0.01 wt%, the effect of reducing the friction between the fiber and the metal becomes insufficient, and the crimp imparting property in the composite fiber manufacturing process is reduced, and higher-order processing (spinning process, weaving process, etc.) , Dyeing process, etc.), excessive stress is applied to the conjugate fiber, peeling (core coming off) between components (core and sheath) occurs, and the hollow part is crushed during processing, losing heat retention and lightness. The fibers that are crushed or crushed in the spinning process (drawing process) or the finely divided fibers are undesirably wrapped around a roller to reduce productivity.
[0024]
Preferred examples of the silicon component include dimethylpolysiloxane, amino-modified polysiloxane, methylhydrogenpolysiloxane, polyethylene glycol-modified polysiloxane, and polypropylene glycol-modified polysiloxane. In order to impart such a silicone component to the conjugate fiber, a smoothing agent, an emulsifier, an antistatic agent, other whitening agents, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a pigment, a dye, etc., which are commonly used as a fiber oil agent, are used as required. What is necessary is just to give as a silicone oil agent used together. In this case, it is preferable to add a wax or a mineral oil as a smoothing component from the viewpoint of good workability in the oil agent, and among these, a wax component is preferable. Further, as the wax component, a puffin wax emulsion is preferable. Regarding the adhesion ratio of the wax component adhering to the conjugate fiber of the present invention, it is preferable that the wax component adheres to the fiber weight in an amount of 0.01 wt% or more from the viewpoint of good high order workability. It is more preferable that 0.05 wt% or more is adhered from the viewpoint of improving the surface roughness.
[0025]
As the antistatic agent, any of anionic surfactants such as alkyl phosphate salts and alkyl sulfonate salts, cationic surfactants such as quaternary ammonium salts and alkyl imidazoline salts, and betaine-type amphoteric surfactants are used. Although it is possible, it is not preferable that the fiber easily penetrates into the interior of the fiber over time. Therefore, it is preferable to use at least a part of the fiber which is solid at room temperature. In the case of the composite fiber of the present invention, the compounding amount of the antistatic agent is preferably in the range of 100 to 500 wt% with respect to the silicon component.
[0026]
The above-mentioned silicon-based oil agent may be applied at any stage of producing the conjugate fiber, but is usually preferably applied twice before and after drawing.
[0027]
Next, regarding the physical properties of the conjugate fiber of the present invention, the fineness of a single yarn in the fiber is required to be 0.9 dtex or more and 11.0 dtex or less from the viewpoint of good texture, and 1.3 dtex or more. It is preferably 6.6 decitex or less, and more preferably 1.5 decitex (T) or more and 2.0 decitex or less because the texture of the fiber becomes better. If the fineness is less than 0.9 T, the spinnability (yield during the production of the spinning) and the spinnability (productivity of the fibrous structure) are poor, and if it is higher than 11.0 T, the hand is poor.
[0028]
In the composite fiber of the present invention, the crimped form is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of good spinnability (productivity of the fibrous structure), two-dimensional crimping or spiral crimping is preferable. A dimensional crimp is more preferred. The number of crimps is required to be 5 ridges / 25 mm or more and 25 ridges / 25 mm or less, and preferably 12 ridges / 25 mm or more and 20 ridges / 25 mm or less from the viewpoint of spinnability (productivity of the fibrous structure). The crimp ratio is required to be 5% or more and 30% or less, and preferably 10% or more and 20% or less, from the viewpoint of spinnability (productivity of the fibrous structure).
[0029]
If the number of crimps is less than 5 ridges / 25 mm and the crimp rate is less than 5%, the spinning properties during high-order processing deteriorate because the entanglement between short fibers (staples) is low, which is not preferable. Even if the number of crimps exceeds 25 peaks / 25 mm and the crimping ratio is higher than 30%, the spinnability deteriorates.
[0030]
Further, the dry strength is required to be 0.5 cN / dtex or more and 10.0 cN / dtex or less from the viewpoint of durability of a fibrous structure (woven fabric or the like) using the conjugate fiber of the present invention, and preferably 2 cN / dtex. 2.0 cN / dtex or more and 6.0 cN / dtex or less. If the dry strength is lower than 0.5 cN / dtex, the burst strength is undesirably low. Conversely, if the dry strength exceeds 10 cN / dtex, the texture of the fiber becomes hard, which is not preferable.
[0031]
In the composite fiber of the present invention, the dry elongation needs to be 15% or more and 100% or less from the viewpoint of spinnability, and preferably 20% or more and 70% or less. If the dry elongation is lower than 15%, the texture of the fiber becomes hard, which is not preferable. If it is higher than 100%, the entanglement strength in a fibrous structure (such as a woven fabric) is undesirably reduced.
[0032]
As the fiber form in the present invention, short fibers (staples) are desirable in terms of low cost and ease of processing, and the fiber length is preferably 20 mm or more and 115 mm or less from the viewpoint of spinnability, and is preferably 30 mm. It is more preferable that the thickness be at least 70 mm.
[0033]
The fiber cross-sectional shape of the conjugate fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a core-sheath structure, but concentric core-sheath conjugate fibers are typical, and productivity (spinnability) is preferable. . However, the core-sheath may be relatively eccentric, the whole may be round, square, triangular, pentagonal, or even more polygonal, cross-shaped, or cloud-shaped. Further, the core may be a multi-core instead of a single core.
[0034]
The composite ratio (wt%: wt%) of “core component (A) / sheath component (B)” in the core-sheath composite fiber is “(A) 20 / (B) 80 to (A) 80 / (B) 20. ”Is preferable, and if it is in the range of“ (A) 40 / (B) 60 to (A) 60 / (B) 40 ”, the spinning accuracy is high (the spinning productivity is good), and a good lightweight feeling or heat retention property is obtained. It is more preferable from the viewpoint that it can be obtained.
[0035]
In the present invention, since the core component is eluted and removed by alkali, the composite ratio of the core component means the hollowness of the fiber.
[0036]
Weight% of component A = hollow ratio of fiber single yarn
In addition, the hollow ratio referred to in the present invention means a value calculated by the following formula from a photograph obtained by photographing a cross section of the fiber with a camera equipped with a microscope at a magnification of about 400 times.
[0037]
Hollow ratio (%) of fiber single yarn = area of hollow portion / area of entire fiber cross section × 100
In other words, the higher the proportion (% by weight) of the component A, the higher the hollow ratio, and the better the heat retention and lightness of the fiber structure (such as a woven fabric) made of the fiber. Therefore, a high level of lightweight feeling and low weight perception can be realized in spite of heat retention.
[0038]
Examples of the fiber structure referred to in the present invention include yarn, woven or knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, felt, flocking product (nap product), fur-like pile nap product, moquette (car seat), etc. A woven fabric is preferred because it is a material having heat retention.
[0039]
In addition, the use is suitably used for apparel use and material use, the apparel use referred to in the present invention refers to fabric products worn on the body, such as winter, spring and autumn casual clothes (including winter clothes), It is more suitably used for outdoor clothing (camp clothing, mountain climbing clothing, etc.), sports clothing (interior sports clothing such as skis and snowboards, motor sports clothing such as motorcycle rider wear), hat cloth, and slacks (socks).
[0040]
In addition, the material use in the present invention refers to a material that can be a base material for making everything, other than clothing use, and specifically, a bag (a travel bag, a sports bag, a handbag, a school bag, a commuter bag, a business bag). Etc.), bedding (futon covers, pillowcases, sheets, etc.), towels (hand towels, handkerchiefs, bath towels, etc.), chair / sofa covers, chair / sofa surface materials, masks, etc. Among them, winter sports clothing such as skiing and snowboarding is more preferred for use in clothing because of its excellent lightness and heat retention. On the other hand, with respect to the use of materials, luggage use is more preferable from the viewpoint that the feel (feel) when held and the lightness are excellent.
[0041]
Although there is no particular limitation on the fiber form (type) of the conjugate fiber in the present invention, short fibers (staples) and long fibers (filaments) are preferable, and among them, from the characteristic that an excellent volume feeling and feeling can be obtained by crimping. Short fibers (staples) are more preferred.
[0042]
Next, a method for producing a fiber according to the present invention will be described.
[0043]
It is preferable that the core-sheath type conjugate fiber is obtained as a short fiber (staple) by spinning, drawing and further cutting by a general method.
[0044]
Next, a method for producing a fibrous structure (such as a woven fabric) made of the fibers will be described in detail. In the present invention, the production method is not particularly limited, but after forming a fabric using a spun yarn consisting of a core-sheath type composite fiber of a biodegradable polymer and a polyamide polymer, an alkali treatment is performed by dyeing, The hollow structure is formed by eluting and removing the biodegradable polymer from the core, so that the weight (basis weight) of the fibrous structure (fabric, etc.) per unit area is light, and the air with low thermal conductivity is formed in the hollow. The production method is preferred from the viewpoint that the presence of the layer makes it possible to obtain a fiber structure (such as a woven fabric) that is lightweight and excellent in heat retention.
[0045]
In the fiber structure (woven fabric, etc.) according to the present invention, the basis weight is 300 g / m. ² It is preferable that the CLO value which is less than or equal to the value and the heat retaining property is 0.75 or more.
[0046]
Generally, factors considered when the heat insulation of clothes is high include that the thermal conductivity of the material itself is low and the thickness of the fibrous structure (such as woven fabric) is large, that is, the air layer contains a large amount of air. And the like. Therefore, in order to enhance the heat retention, a fiber structure (woven fabric or the like) may be designed so as to increase the basis weight. However, in that case, the density as a fiber structure becomes high, and the lightness is impaired. Furthermore, in addition to the weight of the fabric, the weight of various auxiliary materials is added, so that the weight of the final product is considerable. Therefore, the basis weight of the dough is 300 g / m ² It is preferably set to the following, more preferably 260 g / m ² It is as follows.
[0047]
The fiber structure (such as a woven fabric) according to the present invention can exhibit a CLO value representing heat retention as high as 0.75 or more after realizing such a lightweight feeling, and the CLO value is 0.75 or more. The above satisfies the required heat retaining performance during light exercise in winter (15 ° C. or less).
[0048]
In the present invention, a spun yarn refers to a spun yarn obtained by spinning at least using short fibers (staples) of core-sheath type composite fibers. In the spinning process, the use of the above fibers at 100% is the original aim of the present invention, and is more effective in sufficiently exhibiting properties such as heat retention and light weight. The fibrous structure (woven fabric, etc.) is not limited to the one using 100% of the fiber, and may be a blended product with other fibers or a spin-twist with filament yarn (so-called long and short composite spun yarn). In any case, it is possible to create a unique fibrous structure (such as a woven fabric) product that cannot be obtained by the conventional technology.
[0049]
At this time, in order to perform elution removal by alkali treatment in the dyeing process, it is practical to consider a combination with a material that is resistant to alkali. Examples thereof include polyamide fibers (nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 4/6, nylon 6/10, nylon 11, nylon 12), acrylic fibers, polyolefin fibers, and the like. It is sufficient if it is not particularly limited.
[0050]
The weaving step may be performed in the same step as for a normal spun fiber structure (woven fabric or the like). The loom that can be used is not particularly limited, and it can sufficiently cope with innovative looms such as an air jet loom and a rapier loom.
[0051]
In the alkali treatment for eluting and removing the biodegradable polymer from the core, a caustic alkali such as caustic soda and caustic potash may be used as a chemical. The processing conditions vary depending on the core-sheath composite ratio, the mixing ratio of the fibers constituting the fabric, and the like. In general, the conditions are such that the caustic alkali concentration is 10 to 80 g / liter and the processing temperature is 80 to 120 ° C. It may be used. Dyeing may be carried out using dyes and dyeing conditions commonly used for dyeing polyamide.
[0052]
The structure (woven fabric, etc.) obtained by the present invention is suitable for use in winter sports clothing and materials such as luggage, etc., due to its light weight and heat retention properties, and has sufficient functional characteristics. It can be demonstrated.
[0053]
That is, the fiber structure (woven fabric or the like) used for the purpose is inevitably high in weight because the fiber structure (woven fabric or the like) is conventionally formed at a high density and a thick count, and generally 400 g. Although the basis weight of about / m2 was normal, the feeling of weight resulted in significantly impairing comfort. According to the present invention, such a problem, for example, when the compounding ratio of the polylactic acid component is 40%, the weight reduction of about 40% can be realized as it is.
[0054]
Furthermore, assuming a scene in which this is used, heat retention is also indispensable, and a fiber structure (such as a woven fabric) having both lightness and heat retention can be provided.
[0055]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with reference to examples.
[0056]
Tables 1 to 4 show the results of Examples and Comparative Examples. The conditions and characteristics shown in Tables 1 to 4 were determined by the following methods. Further, in Tables 1 to 4, the polymer type names are represented as the following expressions.
[0057]
A. Polylactic acid polymer (biodegradable polymer): PLA
B. Polycapramid: Nylon 6 (N6)
C. Polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer: nylon 66 (N66)
(1) Core component ratio
The core component ratio is represented by the following formula.
[0058]
Core component ratio (wt%) = weight of core component polymer / (weight of core component polymer + weight of sheath component polymer) × 100
(2) Ratio of sheath components
The sheath component ratio is represented by the following formula.
[0059]
Ratio of sheath component (wt%) = weight of sheath component polymer / (weight of core component polymer + weight of sheath component polymer) × 100
<Physical properties of fiber>
(1) Number of crimps:
Using a short fiber elasticity tester, read the fiber length and the number of crests within the gripping interval when an initial load of 0.18 mN per single fiber fineness (decitex) is applied to the sample, and determine the number of crimps per 25 mm (number of crests) Was calculated.
[0060]
Number of crimps (crests / 25 mm) = (Cn × 25) / (2 × L)
Cn: average value of the number of peaks and valleys of crimps (peaks)
L: Average value of fiber length when initial load is applied (mm)
(2) Crimp rate
A specific load of 13.23 mN per single fiber fineness (decitex) is given, the fiber length when the crimp is stretched is measured, and the difference from the fiber length when an initial load of 0.18 mN is given is defined. It was determined as a percentage of the length when a load was applied.
[0061]
Crimp rate (%) = (L2−L1) / L2 × 100
L1: Average value of the fiber length when an initial load of 2 mg is applied (mm)
L2: Average value of fiber length when a specified load of 150 mg is applied (mm)
(3) Dry strength and dry elongation
The short fiber (staple) is stuck on the lubricating paper, and the short fiber (staple) is pulled at a pulling speed of 20 g / min using a Mackenzie short fiber tensile tester or an automatic tensile tester to cut the fiber. Strength and elongation were determined.
[0062]
As a precondition, the pulling speed at this time was 20 g / min.
[0063]
Dry strength (cN / dtex) = 0.9807 × S / d
Note) dtex: decitex
S: Average value (g) of cutting strength under standard conditions (room temperature 20 ° C., humidity 65% RH)
d: Single yarn fineness (dtex) of the sample
Dry elongation (%) = (E2-E1) / (L + E1) × 100
L: Interval of gripping single fiber yarn (mm)
E1: Loose length average value (mm)
E2: Average value of elongation at break (mm) under standard conditions (room temperature 20 ° C, humidity 65% RH)
(4) Fiber length
The fiber was stretched to such an extent that the fiber was not crimped on the glycerin-coated scale plate, and the length of the fiber was measured under standard conditions (room temperature, 20 ° C., humidity, 65% RH), and the average fiber length was determined by the average value of 100 fibers.
[0064]
Average fiber length (mm) = L / 100
L: Sum of 100 short fiber lengths
Hereinafter, the productivity and the performance of the fiber structure were evaluated based on the following criteria.
<Evaluation criteria>
◎: remarkably good
○: Good
△: Bad
×: extremely poor
<Productivity of fiber and fiber structure>
(5) Spinnability (fiber productivity)
In the spinning process, the yarn spun with the composite die is uniformly cooled with a cooler within a range of 9 ° C ± 2 ° C, and then taken out at a speed of 800 to 1500 m / min to obtain an undrawn yarn. The number of single yarn breaks immediately below the mouthpiece for 1 t was measured.
[0065]
The single yarn breakage is a trouble in the spinning production, and waste is generated until the machine returns to normal. Therefore, an increase in the number of times of yarn breakage means a decrease in production yield.
[0066]
◎: less than 0.5 times / t
：: 0.5 times / t or more and less than 1.0 times / t
Δ: 1.0 times / t or more and less than 5.0 times / t
×: 5.0 times / t or more
(6) Spinnability (fibre structure productivity)
The number of windings on the roller per unit production amount (t) in the drawing process in the spinning process of the conjugate fiber was determined based on the criteria shown in Tables 1 to 4. The calculation formula and the criteria are as follows.
[0067]
Number of roller windings per unit production amount (t) = Number of roller windings (times) / Amount of composite fiber production (t)
◎: less than 1.5 times / t
：: 1.5 times / t or more and less than 4.0 times / t
Δ: 4.0 times / t or more and less than 8.0 times / t
×: 8.0 times / t or more
<Performance of fiber structure>
(7) Light weight (basis weight)
A woven fabric (fabric test piece) of 25 cm × 25 cm was prepared from the fiber structure of the present invention, sufficiently dried until the water content became equal to or less than the equilibrium moisture content, and then left in a room at 20 ° C. and 65% RH for 24 hours to obtain a moisture equilibrium. After that, the weight of the test piece was measured. The weight of the obtained test piece is 1 m ² The average value was calculated for two pieces of cloth.
[0068]
◎: 200 g / m ² Less than
：: 200 g / m ² Above, 260 g / m ² Less than
Δ: 260 g / m ² Above, 300 g / m ² Less than
×: 300 g / m ² that's all
(8) Burst strength test
The burst strength test is for evaluating the strength of a knitted fabric, and the test is carried out according to the JIS L1018 (method A) by the Murren method and expressed in the following four stages.
[0069]
A: 5.0 kg / cm ² that's all
：: 4.0 kg / cm ² 5.0 kg / cm or more ² Less than
Δ: 3.0 kg / cm ² 4.0 kg / cm or more ² Less than
×: 3.0 kg / cm ² Less than
(9) Texture
The woven fabrics obtained in all Examples and Comparative Examples were subjected to sensory evaluation by ten judges using the tactile sensation in the palm, and are expressed in the following four stages. In addition, if the pilling property is good, a soft-textured fabric is finished.
[0070]
◎: All 10 persons judged that the texture was good
：: 7 to 9 persons are judged to be good
Δ: 4 to 6 persons judged good
×: 3 or less judged good
(10) CLO value (heat retention)
Two 50 cm × 50 cm test pieces are collected. Using an ASTM heat retention tester, the test piece is attached to a hot plate having a hot plate temperature of 40 ° C. and left for 60 minutes. Read the power-on time (seconds) of the integrating wattmeter after leaving the measurement time, and the outside air temperature (° C) of the measuring instrument.
[0071]
With no test piece attached Read the power-on time (seconds) of the integrating wattmeter. The CLO value is calculated from the following formula based on the energizing time (sec) when the test piece is not attached, the energizing time (sec) when the test piece is attached, and the outside air temperature, and is expressed as an average value of two sheets.
Heat retention rate (%) = (ab) / a × 100
CLO value = {(6.54 × (40−t)}} / b / 0.18
Here, a: energization time when no test piece is attached (sec / Hr)
b: Energizing time when the test piece was attached (sec / Hr)
t: Outside air temperature indicated by the measuring instrument (° C)
Insulation criteria for CLO value
◎: 0.80 or more
：: 0.75 or more and less than 0.80
Δ: 0.50 or more and less than 0.75
×: less than 0.50
The higher the CLO value, the warmer and more excellent the heat retention.
<Judgment criteria>
The items of the above embodiments are displayed in the following four stages as criteria.
[0072]
◎: remarkably good
○: Good
△: Bad
×: extremely poor
Example 1
Using a polylactic acid polymer (PLA) for the core component and a polycapramide polymer (N6) for the one sheath component, the composite ratio (wt%) of “core component (A) / sheath component (B)” was 45%. % (A) / 55% (B) after spinning at a spinning speed of 1300 m / min, the dimethylsilicone emulsion contained 5% in the oil component, and the parffin wax emulsion also contained 10 wt% in the oil component. The applied oil is applied twice before and after the stretching in total, and normal stretching is performed at 3.0 times, and after crimping is applied, cut and cut to obtain the following fiber properties (quality of short fibers) of (1) to (8). Was obtained.
[0073]
(1) Fineness: 1.7 dtex
(2) Number of crimps: 16 peaks / 25 mm
(3) Crimp rate: 14%
(4) Dry strength: 3.5 cN / dtex
(5) Dry elongation: 55%
(6) Fiber length: 44 mm
(7) Adhesion rate of silicon component to fiber weight: 0.03 wt%
(8) Adhesion rate of wax component to fiber weight: 0.06 wt%
Subsequently, using the 100% of the fiber (short fiber), a roving yarn of 0.76 count is made by a normal spinning method, and a spinning draft of about 21 times, a twist number of 16.1 t / inch, and a cotton count of 16 s are combined. A spun yarn was manufactured.
[0074]
The spun yarn was used for the warp and the weft, and the weaving density was 101 yarns / inch × 82 yarns / inch, and the woven fabric was a slant weave, and woven in an air jet loom.
[0075]
The woven fabric thus obtained is subjected to refining and relaxation in a dyeing process to a concentration of 50 g / liter of an aqueous caustic soda solution, and elution and removal of polylactic acid (PLA) as a core component using a liquid jet dyeing machine at a treatment temperature of 110 ° C. The constituent fibers of the woven fabric were hollow fibers. At this time, the time during which 100% of the polylactic acid as the core component could be eluted was measured.
[0076]
Subsequently, this was heated at 100 ° C. and dyed for 45 minutes to obtain a finished fabric having a density of 115 lines / inch × 94 lines / inch.
Example 2
A woven fabric was prepared in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the adhesion ratio of the silicon component to the weight of the core-sheath type composite fiber was 0.01 wt%.
Example 3
A woven fabric was prepared in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that a polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer (N66) obtained by copolymerizing 1.0 wt% of a lactam as a sheath component was used.
Example 4
A woven fabric was prepared in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that a polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer (N66) obtained by copolymerizing 4 wt% of a lactam as a sheath component was used.
Example 5
A woven fabric was produced in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that a polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer (N66) obtained by copolymerizing lactam at 0.05 wt% as a sheath component was used.
Example 6
A woven fabric was prepared in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the core-sheath ratio (core component: sheath component ratio) of the core-sheath type composite fiber was 30%: 70%.
Example 7
A woven fabric was prepared in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the core-sheath ratio (core component: sheath component ratio) of the core-sheath composite fiber was 70%: 30%.
Example 8
A woven fabric was prepared in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that no wax component was attached to the core-sheath type composite fiber.
Comparative Example 1
A woven fabric was produced in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that a polyester (PET) obtained by copolymerizing 8% by weight of dimethyl 5-sodium sulfonate as a core component was used.
Comparative Example 2
Higher-order processing was performed in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the silicon component did not adhere to the core-sheath type composite fiber at all, to produce a woven fabric.
Comparative Example 3
A spinning, weaving and dyeing process was performed in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that a polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer (N66) obtained by copolymerizing 15 wt% of lactam as a sheath component was used to prepare a fabric.
Comparative Example 4
A spinning, weaving and dyeing process was performed in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that a polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer (N66) having no lactam copolymerized at all was used as a sheath component, to prepare a fabric.
Comparative Example 5
Higher-order processing was performed in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the core / sheath ratio (the ratio of the core component: the sheath component) of the core / sheath type conjugate fiber was 10%: 90% to prepare a woven fabric.
Comparative Example 6
Higher-order processing was performed in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the core-sheath ratio (core component: sheath component ratio) of the core-sheath type conjugate fiber was 90%: 10% to prepare a woven fabric.
Comparative Example 7
A 100% polycapramide polymer (N6) was used, and the fabric was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 without forming the core-sheath composite. To obtain a woven fabric.
Comparative Example 8
A 100% polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer (N66) was used to fabricate a fabric in the same manner as in Example 1 without forming a core-sheath composite. Processing was performed under nylon dyeing conditions to obtain a woven fabric.
Comparative Example 9
Using 100% of polyester (PET) in which dimethyl 5-sodium sulfonate has not been copolymerized, a woven fabric is formed in the same manner as in Example 1 without forming a core / sheath composite. After refining and relaxing, the fabric was processed under normal nylon dyeing conditions to obtain a woven fabric.
Comparative Example 10
Using 100% of the polycapramide polymer (N6), it is directly spun as a hollow fiber using a die having a hollow structure (nozzle), and woven in the same manner as in Example 1. After refining and relaxing in the dyeing process, the fabric was processed under ordinary nylon dyeing conditions to obtain a woven fabric.
Comparative Example 11
Using 100% of polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer (N66), it was directly spun as a hollow fiber using a die having a hollow structure (nozzle), and woven in the same manner as in Example 1. The woven fabric was refined and relaxed in a dyeing process, and then processed under normal nylon dyeing conditions to obtain a woven fabric.
Comparative Example 12
Using 100% polyester (PET) in which dimethyl 5-sodium sulfonate has not been copolymerized, spinning as hollow fibers directly using a die (nozzle) having a structure capable of spinning hollow cross-section yarns A woven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the woven fabric was refined in a dyeing process, relaxed, and then processed under a normal nylon dyeing condition to obtain a woven fabric.
[0077]
Tables 1 to 4 show a list of evaluation results of all the examples and comparative examples.
Table 1 is a list of conditions for producing fibers and fabrics of Examples, Table 2 is a list of productivity and performance results of Examples, and Table 3 is a list of conditions for producing fibers and fabrics of Comparative Examples. Table 4 is a list of productivity and performance results of the comparative example.
[0078]
[Table 1]

[0079]
[Table 2]

[0080]
[Table 3]

[0081]
[Table 4]

[0082]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it was difficult to obtain with the prior art, it is excellent in comfort, and it is excellent in heat retention and lightness, and has a soft (comfortable) moist feeling and a unique sheath. It is possible to obtain a type composite fiber and a fiber structure (fabric, raised hair, pile woven fabric, woven fabric, etc.) composed of the fiber, and the fiber structure is used for clothing (such as winter clothing) and various materials (for example, luggage). ) And the like.
[0083]
Also, by using a biodegradable polymer that is easily soluble as the core component, the core component is easily dissolved and removed as compared with the conventional technology, and the treatment liquid generated by dissolution is a biodegradable component. There is an advantage that it is easy.
[0084]
At the same time, the use of a polyamide polymer, which is difficult to remove, as the sheath component also has excellent pilling properties because of its excellent chemical resistance to the solution.
[0085]
Further, the method of the present invention realizes good spinnability and high-order workability (spinnability, etc.) in producing the above-mentioned core-sheath type conjugate fiber and fiber structure, and achieves high production yield and productivity. It is excellent.

Claims (14)

The core component A is a biodegradable polymer, and the sheath component B is a core-sheath type composite fiber comprising at least two components of a polyamide polymer, and satisfies the following fiber properties (1) to (5). A core-in-sheath type composite fiber, wherein a silicon component is attached in an amount of 0.01 wt% or more based on the weight of the fiber.
(1) Fineness: 0.9 dtex or more and 11.0 dtex
(2) Number of crimps: 5 peaks / 25 mm or more and 25 peaks / 25 mm or less (3) Crimp rate: 5% or more and 30% or less (4) Dry strength: 0.5 cN / dtex or more 0 cN / dtex or less (5) Dry elongation: 15% or more and 100% or less The core-sheath type composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the biodegradable polymer as the core component A is polylactic acid. 3. The core-sheath type composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the sheath component B is a polycapramid polymer. 3. The core-sheath type composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the sheath component B is a polyhexamethylene adipamide polymer obtained by copolymerizing lactam in an amount of 0.01% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less. The composite ratio (% by weight) of the core component (A) / the sheath component (B) in the core-sheath type composite fiber is in the range of (A) 20 / (B) 80 to (A) 80 / (B) 20. The core-in-sheath type conjugate fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The core-sheath conjugate fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the core-sheath conjugate fiber is a short fiber having a fiber length of 20 mm or more and 115 mm or less. The core-sheath conjugate fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the wax component is attached in an amount of 0.01 wt% or more based on the weight of the entire core-sheath conjugate fiber. The core-in-sheath type composite fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, and thereafter, the core-in-sheath type composite fiber is made of a hollow fiber from which the core component A has been removed. Fiber structure. The core-in-sheath type conjugate fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used by 100%, and thereafter, the core-in-sheath type conjugate fiber is made of a hollow fiber obtained by removing the core component A from the core-in-sheath type conjugate fiber, and has a basis weight. fibrous structure according to claim 8, CLO value indicating the thermal insulation and 300 g / ^{m 2} or less and wherein the at least 0.75. The fibrous structure according to claim 8, wherein the fibrous structure is used for clothing. The fibrous structure according to claim 8, wherein the fibrous structure is used for a material. A fiber structure is formed using the core-sheath composite fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and thereafter, the core component (A) in the core-sheath composite fiber is eluted and removed with a solution or the like. A method for producing a fiber structure, comprising hollowing a fiber to obtain a fiber structure. The core component (A) of the core-sheath type conjugate fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is eluted and removed by a solution or the like to hollow the fiber, and then a fiber structure is formed using the hollow fiber. A method for producing a fibrous structure. 14. The method for producing a fiber structure according to claim 12, wherein the solution for eluting and removing the core component is an alkaline solution.