JP2004267442A - Game machine and image display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To smoothly change the display positions of 3D images while achieving the reduced amount of the data of the pattern. <P>SOLUTION: A display device 8 is so arranged as to display the images three-dimensionally by presenting the images for the left eye and the images for the right eye alternately at each horizontal scan line of a liquid crystal panel and a display controller 150 makes the display device 8 variably display a plurality of images in the display area thereof to carry out the variable display games. The display controller 150 has a parallax calculation means for calculating the parallax between the images for the left eye and for the right eye and a VDC 156 which generates the images for the left eye and the images for the right eye being shifted horizontally per the horizontal scan line in the display area based on the parallax obtained from the original image data stored in a font ROM 157. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a gaming machine provided with a variable display device capable of three-dimensionally displaying a plurality of types of symbols.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-103558 and the like, there is known a conventional gaming machine provided with a variable display device that three-dimensionally displays a symbol when a reach or the like occurs.
[0003]
Further, as disclosed in JP-A-10-222139 and JP-A-10-63199, a left-eye image and a right-eye image are generated and sent to a display device to display a three-dimensional three-dimensional image. Things are known.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-222139
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-10-63199
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above conventional examples (JP-A-10-222139 and JP-A-10-63199), in order to display a three-dimensional image, sprite data of a left-eye image and sprite data of a right-eye image are stored in a ROM or the like. Since the left and right sprite data are read out at the time of display and drawn on a frame buffer or the like and displayed, the data volume of one design becomes enormous. There is a problem that it is necessary to increase the capacity of the storage means and to increase the labor required for creating the sprite data, thereby increasing the manufacturing cost.
[0006]
In particular, in order to change the three-dimensional display position (projection amount) of a symbol, different sprite data is required in accordance with the display position. For example, when the projection amount is gradually changed, a larger amount of sprite data is left and right. Each of them requires data, and the capacity of storage means is further increased. On the other hand, when the number of sprite data is reduced, the display position cannot be changed smoothly due to the step-out amount, and the change in the step-out amount is a three-dimensional image for the player (observer). There was a problem that it was difficult to adjust the viewpoint to.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to smoothly change the display position of a three-dimensional image while reducing the amount of symbol data.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device for displaying an image three-dimensionally by alternately displaying a left-eye image and a right-eye image for each horizontal scanning line in a display region, and a plurality of images in a display region of the display device. A display control means for performing a variable display game by performing a variable display,
The display control unit includes a parallax calculation unit that calculates a parallax between the left-eye image and the right-eye image, and a line that is shifted left and right for each horizontal scanning line of the display area based on the parallax from preset original image data. Output image data generating means for generating a deformed image, and output means for outputting the line deformed image to the display device are provided.
[0009]
In a second aspect based on the first aspect, the output image data generating means calculates a constant shift amount between the left-eye image and the right-eye image based on the parallax,
The pixels constituting the original image data are moved left or right for each horizontal scanning line by the calculated shift amount to generate a line deformed image.
[0010]
In a third aspect based on the first or second aspect, the output image data generating means has scaling control means for scaling up or down the original image data based on the parallax. A line deformed image is generated from the enlarged or reduced original image data.
[0011]
Further, according to a fourth aspect based on any one of the first to third aspects, the line deformed image is constituted by sprite data, and the display control means displays the plurality of line deformed images on the display device. They are arranged so as to overlap in the depth direction of the display area.
[0012]
In a fifth aspect based on the fourth aspect,
The display control means sets, based on the priority of the sprite data set in advance, such that the parallax of the high-priority line deformed image is larger than the parallax of the low-priority line deformed image.
In a sixth aspect based on the third aspect, the first original image data having a small display size and the second original image data having a large display size are set in advance for one line deformed image. The enlargement / reduction control unit determines the size of the generated line deformed image, and, in accordance with the determination result, compares the original image data to be enlarged or reduced with the first original image data and the second original image data. Original image data selecting means for selecting from any one of the original image data.
[0013]
In a seventh aspect based on the sixth aspect, the display device variably displays an image for generating a special game state advantageous to the player as identification information. A line deformed image is generated based on the first original image data, and a line deformed image is generated based on the second original image data when the identification information is enlarged.
[0014]
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the image display device comprising a display unit for displaying an image three-dimensionally by alternately displaying a left-eye image and a right-eye image for each horizontal scanning line in a display area, Parallax calculating means for calculating a parallax between an image and a right-eye image, and output image data generation for generating a line-transformed image shifted left and right for each horizontal scanning line of the display area based on the parallax from original image data set in advance Means for outputting the line deformed image to the display unit.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
Therefore, in the first invention, the left-eye image and the right-eye image are alternately displayed for each horizontal scanning line only by outputting the line deformation image to the display device of the gaming machine, so that the image can be visually recognized three-dimensionally. . Once the parallax is determined, the original image data can be easily generated by simply shifting the original image data to the left and right for each horizontal scanning line according to the amount of shift according to the parallax. Therefore, a stereoscopic image can be displayed smoothly while reducing the amount of image data prepared for the image processing, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced by reducing the storage capacity of the original image data.
[0016]
Further, in the second invention, since the shift amount between the left and right images according to the parallax is constant, a smooth stereoscopic image without distortion can be obtained. Since the shift amount is constant, the load on the calculation is reduced. Can be reduced.
[0017]
In the third aspect, since the size changes according to the parallax, it is possible to enhance the effect of rendering by changing the stereoscopic image in the depth direction and enlarging and reducing the stereoscopic image.
[0018]
Further, according to the fourth invention, since the three-dimensional images obtained from the plurality of line-deformed images overlap each other in the depth direction of the liquid crystal panel, it is possible to easily recognize the difference in the position of each three-dimensional image in the depth direction. Become.
[0019]
Further, in the fifth invention, since the image with the higher priority jumps out to the player side, it is possible to provide a natural image without discomfort.
[0020]
In the sixth invention, the first original image data and the second original image data are switched according to the display size of the line deformed image generated from the original image data. In addition, it is possible to obtain an image having excellent visibility by preventing the image from becoming coarse or coarse.
[0021]
Further, the seventh invention can prevent the identification information to be enlarged from becoming coarse and prevent the visibility of the identification information to be reduced from deteriorating.
[0022]
In the eighth invention, the image for the left eye and the image for the right eye are alternately displayed for each horizontal scanning line only by outputting the line deformation image to the display unit, so that the image can be visually recognized in three dimensions. Once the parallax is determined, the original image data can be easily generated by simply shifting the original image data to the left and right for each horizontal scanning line according to the amount of shift according to the parallax. Therefore, a stereoscopic image can be displayed smoothly while reducing the amount of image data prepared for the image processing, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced by reducing the storage capacity of the original image data.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0024]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing the entire configuration of a gaming machine (CR machine with a card ball lending unit) showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system.
[0025]
A front frame 3 of the gaming machine (pachinko gaming machine) 1 is assembled to a main body frame (outer frame) 4 via a hinge 5 so as to be openable and closable, and a game board 6 is provided in a storage frame ( (Not shown).
[0026]
On the surface of the game board 6, a variable display device (display device, display unit) 8, a variable winning device 10 having a large winning opening, a general winning opening 11 to 15, a starting opening 16, a normal symbol starting gate 27A, 27B, A game area in which the normal symbol display 7, the normal variable winning device 9 (auxiliary winning means) and the like are provided is formed. A cover glass 18 that covers the front of the game board 6 is attached to the front frame 3.
[0027]
The variable display device 8 displays, for example, three display symbols (identification information or special symbols) of left, middle, and right in a display area. To these display symbols, for example, numbers from “0” to “9” and alphabet letters “A” to “E” are assigned.
[0028]
When a game ball is awarded to the starting port 16, the variable display device 8 sequentially displays the display symbols composed of the numbers and characters described above. When a winning in the starting opening 16 is made at a predetermined timing (specifically, when a special symbol random number counter value at the time of winning detection is a winning value), a big hit state is reached, and three display symbols are aligned. Stop in the state (big hit symbol). At this time, the special winning opening of the variable winning device 10 is widely opened for a predetermined time (for example, 30 seconds), so that many game balls can be obtained.
[0029]
The winning of the game ball into the starting port 16 is detected by a special symbol starting sensor 52 (see FIG. 2). The passing timing of the game balls (specifically, the value of the special symbol random number counter provided in the game control device 100 (see FIG. 2) at the time of winning detection) is stored as a special symbol winning memory. Is stored in a predetermined storage area (special symbol random number storage area) within a maximum of predetermined consecutive times. The number of the special symbol prize storage is displayed on a special symbol storage state display 17 including a plurality of LEDs provided below the variable display device 8. The game control device 100 performs a variable display game on the variable display device 8 based on the special symbol winning memory.
[0030]
When a game ball is won at the normal symbol starting gates 27A and 27B, the normal symbol display 7 starts to display a variable symbol (for example, a symbol consisting of one number). When a prize to the ordinary symbol starting gates 27A, 27B is made at a predetermined timing (specifically, when the ordinary symbol random number counter value at the time of detecting the prize is a winning value), a winning state related to the ordinary symbol is set, Normally the symbol stops at the hit symbol (hit number). At this time, the normal variable winning device 9 provided in front of the starting port 16 is widely opened for a predetermined time (for example, 0.5 seconds), and the possibility of winning the game ball to the starting port 16 is increased.
[0031]
The passing of the game ball to the ordinary symbol starting gate is detected by the ordinary symbol starting sensor 52 (see FIG. 2). The passing timing of the game ball (specifically, the value at the time of passage detection of the normal symbol random number counter provided in the game control device 100) is a predetermined storage in the game control device 100 as a normal symbol winning memory. A predetermined number of times (for example, a maximum of four consecutive times) is stored in an area (normal symbol random number storage area). The stored number of the ordinary symbol prize storage is displayed on the ordinary symbol storage state display 19 including a plurality of LEDs provided on the left and right of the ordinary symbol display 7. The game control device 100 performs a lottery for a normal symbol based on the normal symbol winning memory. Note that the number of stored symbols in the ordinary symbol storage state display 19 is set to an arbitrary value.
[0032]
An upper plate 21 for supplying a ball to the hitting / launching device is provided on an opening / closing panel 20 below the front frame 3, and a lower plate 23 and an operation unit 24 of the hitting / launching device are provided on a fixed panel 22.
[0033]
The front frame 3 above the cover glass 18 is provided with a first notification lamp 31 and a second notification lamp 32 (see FIG. 2) for notifying a state such as an abnormal discharge of a ball by lighting.
[0034]
The operation panel 26 for the card ball lending unit includes a card balance display section (not shown) for displaying the balance of the card, a ball lending switch 28 for commanding a ball lending, a card return switch 30 for commanding a card return, and the like. Is provided.
[0035]
The card ball lending unit 2 incorporates a card reader / writer and a ball lending controller for reading and writing data of a card (such as a prepaid card) inserted into the card insertion unit 25 on the front side. Operation panel 26 is formed on the outer surface of upper plate 21 of gaming machine 1.
[0036]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control system centered on the game control device 100.
[0037]
The game control device 100 is a main control device that comprehensively controls the game, a CPU that controls the game control, a ROM that stores invariable information for the game control, and a RAM that is used as a work area during the game control. , An input interface 102, an output interface 103, an oscillator 104, and the like.
[0038]
The gaming microcomputer 101 detects signals from various detection devices (special symbol start sensor 14, general winning opening sensors 17A to 17N, count sensor 15, continuation sensor 16S, ordinary symbol start sensor 21) via the input interface 102. In response, various processes such as a jackpot lottery are performed. Then, through the output interface 103, various control devices (display control device 150, discharge control device 200, decoration control device 250, sound control device 300), a special winning opening solenoid 36, a normal electric accessory solenoid 90, a normal symbol display A command signal is transmitted to the device 7 and the like to control the game in a comprehensive manner.
[0039]
The discharge control device 200 controls the operation of the payout unit based on the prize ball command signal from the game control device 100 or the ball lending request from the card ball lending unit 2 to discharge the prize ball or the ball lending.
[0040]
The decoration control device 250 controls a decoration light emitting device such as a decoration lamp and an LED based on a decoration command signal from the game control device 100, and also stores a special symbol storage and display (special symbol reservation LED) 18, a normal symbol storage. The display on the display 19 is controlled.
[0041]
The sound control device 300 controls the sound effect output from the speaker. The communication from the game control device 100 to the various dependent control devices (the display control device 150, the discharge control device 200, the decoration control device 250, and the sound control device 300) is performed in a unidirectional manner from the game control device 100 to the dependent control device. Only communication is allowed. Thereby, it is possible to prevent an illegal signal from being input from the slave control device side of the game control device 100.
[0042]
The display control device 150 controls display of a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image, and includes a CPU (central processing unit) 151, a VDC (Video Display Controller or drawing calculation unit) 156, a ROM 152 storing programs and the like, a work area, A RAM 153 for storing a frame buffer, an interface 154, a font ROM 157 for storing image data (design data, background image data, moving image data, texture data, and the like), and a DMAC (Direct Memory Access Controller) for controlling writing and reading to and from the RAM 153. 155, an oscillator 158 for generating a synchronization signal (reference clock), a strobe signal, and the like. Note that the oscillator 158 includes a crystal oscillator, an oscillator, and the like.
[0043]
The CPU 151 executes a program stored in the ROM 152 and outputs a predetermined variable display game to the variable display device 8 based on a signal from the game control device 100. The two-dimensional image information (symbol display information, background screen) Information, video screen information, etc.), and 3D image information (symbol display information composed of sprite data and polygon data, background screen information, video object screen information, etc.). The result is stored in a predetermined area of the RAM 153 as a frame buffer.
[0044]
The VDC 156 transmits the image information stored in the RAM 153 to the LCD (variable display device 8) at a predetermined timing (vertical synchronization signal V_Sync, horizontal synchronization H_Sync).
[0045]
The font (character) ROM 157 stores objects such as design information such as identification information used for the variable display game, backgrounds, sprite data such as characters, polygon data, and texture data.
[0046]
The drawing process performed by the VDC 156 performs two-dimensional and three-dimensional point drawing, line drawing, sprite drawing, triangle drawing, and polygon drawing, and further includes texture mapping, alpha blending, shading processing, and hidden surface removal (Z buffer processing, etc.). Then, the image signal is output to the fluctuation display device 8 via the gamma correction circuit 159.
[0047]
Here, as the frame buffer, the frame buffer of the two-dimensional image and the frame buffer of the three-dimensional image are respectively set in a predetermined storage area of the RAM 153, and the VDC 156 superimposes the two-dimensional image on the two-dimensional image ( (Overlay) output is also possible.
[0048]
An oscillator 158 that supplies a clock signal is connected to the VDC 156. The clock signal generated by the oscillator 158 defines the operation cycle of the VDC 156. The VDC 156 divides this clock signal to generate a vertical synchronizing signal (V_SYNC) and a horizontal synchronizing signal (H_SYNC), and output them to the fluctuation display device 8.
[0049]
The image signal from the VDC 156 is input to the gamma correction circuit 159 and then output to the variable display device 8. The γ correction circuit 159 corrects the non-linear characteristic of the illuminance with respect to the signal voltage of the variable display device 8 to adjust the display illuminance of the variable display device.
[0050]
Further, the CPU 151 controls the light emission amount (luminance) of the variable display device 8 based on the variable display state (for example, whether the display is a normal variable display game or a big hit display) or a game state. The control signal DTY_CTR is generated based on the clock signal of the oscillator 158, and is output to the variable display device 8.
[0051]
By the way, the image signal output from the VDC 156 is different from the shape of the image (original image data) read from the font ROM 157, and is left or right by a predetermined number of pixels for each vertical pixel line as shown in FIG. The data is output to the variable display device 8 as data of a special image (hereinafter, referred to as a line deformed image) shifted to. Since this corresponds to each interval of the half-wave plate 821 attached to the fine phase difference plate 802, the player (observer) ) Visually recognizes an image having parallax, and as a result, can recognize it as a three-dimensional image.
[0052]
A liquid crystal driver (LCD DRV) 181 and a backlight driver (BL DRV) 182 are provided in the variable display device 8. A liquid crystal driver (LCD DRV) 181 sequentially applies a voltage to the electrodes of the liquid crystal display panel based on the V_SYNC signal, the H_SYNC signal, and the RGB signal sent from the VDC 156, and applies a stereoscopic composite image to the liquid crystal display panel 804. Is displayed.
[0053]
The backlight driver 182 changes the duty ratio of the voltage applied to the light emitting element (backlight) 810 based on the DTY_CTR signal output from the CPU 151, and changes the brightness of the liquid crystal display panel 804.
[0054]
FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the VDC 156.
[0055]
The VDC 156 includes an interface 1501 that communicates with the CPU 151, a timing control unit 1502 that generates various timing signals such as a vertical synchronization signal V_SYNC and a horizontal synchronization signal H_SYNC based on the clock CLK from the oscillator 158, character data, lines, surfaces, and the like. A pattern surface control unit 1502 that performs display control, a sprite surface control unit 1503 that performs sprite display control, a ROM control unit 1505 that controls reading of data from the font ROM 157, and the like, and reads and writes data from and to the RAM 153 as a frame buffer and the like. A RAM control unit 1506, a D / A converter 1507 that converts drawn image data into RGB signals, and the like are connected to a data bus 1510 inside the VDC 156.
[0056]
A line control unit 1504 is provided between the sprite surface control unit 1503 and the pattern surface control unit 1502 and the RAM control unit 1506 to control drawing for each scan line in the display area. When a predetermined command is received from the control unit 1502, as described later, the drawing data is shifted in the horizontal direction of the display area according to the set value for each line to draw a line deformed image, and the RAM control unit 1506 Write to the frame buffer via.
[0057]
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the optical system of the variable display device 8. The light source 801 includes a light emitting element 810, a polarizing filter (polarizing unit) 811, and a Fresnel lens 812. The light emitting element 810 is configured by using a point light source such as a white light emitting diode (LED) or by horizontally arranging a linear light source such as a cold cathode tube. The polarization filter 811 is set so that the polarization of light transmitted through the right region 811a and the polarization of light transmitted through the left region 811b are different (for example, the polarization of light transmitted through the right region 811a and the polarization of light transmitted through the left region 811b are shifted by 90 degrees).
[0058]
As for the light emitted from the light emitting element 810, only light having a certain polarization is transmitted by the polarization filter 811. That is, of the light emitted from the light emitting element 810, the light that has passed through the left region 811b of the polarizing filter 811 and the light that has passed through the right region 811a are radiated to the Fresnel lens 812 as light having different polarizations. As described later, light passing through the left region 811b of the polarizing filter 811 reaches the right eye of the observer, and light passing through the right region 811a reaches the left eye of the observer.
[0059]
Note that, without using a light-emitting element and a polarizing filter, it is sufficient to irradiate light of different polarizations from different positions.For example, two light-emitting elements that generate light of different polarizations are provided, and different polarizations are provided. Light may be applied to the Fresnel lens 812 from different positions.
[0060]
The light transmitted through the polarizing filter 811 is applied to the Fresnel lens 812. The Fresnel lens 812 is a convex lens, and the Fresnel lens 812 refracts the optical path of the light radiated so as to diffuse from the light emitting element 810 substantially in parallel, transmits through the fine phase difference plate 802, and irradiates the liquid crystal display panel 804. .
[0061]
At this time, light transmitted through the fine retardation plate 802 and emitted is emitted so as not to spread in the vertical direction, and is emitted to the liquid crystal display panel 804. That is, light transmitted through a specific region of the fine phase difference plate 802 is transmitted through a specific display unit of the liquid crystal display panel 804.
[0062]
Further, of the light applied to the liquid crystal display panel 804, the light passing through the right side region 811 a and the light passing through the left side region 811 b of the polarizing filter 811 enter the Fresnel lens 812 at different angles. The light is refracted and radiated from the liquid crystal display panel 804 through different paths.
[0063]
In the liquid crystal display panel 804, a liquid crystal that is oriented by being twisted at a predetermined angle (for example, 90 degrees) is disposed between two transparent plates (for example, a glass plate). Make up. The light incident on the liquid crystal display panel is emitted with the polarization of the incident light shifted by 90 degrees when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal. On the other hand, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal, the liquid crystal is untwisted, so that the incident light is emitted as it is.
[0064]
On the light source 1 side of the liquid crystal display panel 804, a fine retardation plate 802 and a polarizing plate 803 (first polarizing plate) are arranged, and on the player (observer) side, a polarizing plate 805 (second polarizing plate) is provided. ) Is arranged.
[0065]
In the fine retardation plate 802, regions for changing the phase of transmitted light are repeatedly arranged at fine intervals. Specifically, a region 802a where a half-width plate 821 having a fine width is provided on a light-transmitting base material 822 and a region 1/2 at a fine interval equal to the width of the half-wave plate 821. A region 802b where the two-wavelength plate 821 is not provided is repeatedly provided at a fine interval. That is, a region 802a that changes the phase of light transmitted by the provided half-wave plate and a region 802b that does not change the phase of light transmitted because the half-wave plate 821 is not provided are minute intervals. Is provided repeatedly. The half-wave plate 821 functions as a phase difference plate that changes the phase of transmitted light.
[0066]
The half-wave plate 821 is arranged such that its optical axis is inclined by 45 degrees with respect to the polarization axis of the light transmitted through the right region 811a of the polarizing filter 811 and rotates the polarization axis of the light transmitted through the right region 811a by 90 degrees. Out. That is, the polarization of the light transmitted through the right region 811a is rotated by 90 degrees to be equal to the polarization of the light transmitted through the left region 811b.
[0067]
The repetition of the polarization characteristics of the fine retardation plate 802 is performed by setting the polarization of light transmitted through each display unit (that is, each horizontal line in the horizontal direction of the display unit) at substantially the same pitch as the display unit of the liquid crystal display panel 804. To be different. Accordingly, the polarization characteristics of the fine phase difference plate 802 corresponding to each horizontal line (scanning line) of the display unit of the liquid crystal display panel 804 are different, and the direction of light emitted for each horizontal line is different.
[0068]
Alternatively, the repetition of the polarization characteristic of the fine retardation plate 802 is performed by setting the polarization characteristic of the fine retardation plate 802 to a plurality of display units (that is, a plurality of display units) by setting the pitch of the liquid crystal display panel 804 to an integral multiple of the display unit pitch. (For each horizontal line of the unit), the polarization of the transmitted light may be set to be different for each of the plurality of display units. In this case, the polarization specification of the fine phase difference plate is different for each of a plurality of horizontal lines (scanning lines) of the display unit of the liquid crystal display panel 804, and the direction of light emitted for each of the plurality of horizontal lines is different. Become.
[0069]
As described above, it is necessary to irradiate the display element (horizontal line) of the liquid crystal display panel 804 with different light every time the polarization characteristic of the fine phase difference plate 802 is repeated. The light applied to the light 804 needs to suppress diffusion in the vertical direction.
[0070]
That is, the region 802a of the fine retardation plate 802 that changes the phase of light transmits the light that has passed through the right region 811a of the polarizing filter 811 into light having a gradient equal to the polarization of the light that has passed through the left region 811b. . The region 802b of the fine phase difference plate 802 in which the phase of light does not change transmits the light transmitted through the left region 811b of the polarizing filter 811 as it is. Then, the light emitted from the fine retardation plate 802 has the same polarization as the light transmitted through the left region 811b, and enters the polarizing plate 803 provided on the light source side of the liquid crystal display panel 804.
[0071]
The polarizing plate 803 has a polarization characteristic of transmitting light having the same polarization as light transmitted through the left region 811b of the polarizing filter 811. That is, the light transmitted through the left region 811b of the polarizing filter 811 transmits through the region 802b of the fine retardation plate 802 where the phase of the light is not changed, directly passes through the polarizing plate 803, and transmits through the right region 811a of the polarizing filter 811. The transmitted light is transmitted through the polarizing plate 803 with the polarization axis rotated by 90 degrees when passing through the region 802a of the fine retardation plate 802 that changes the phase of the light. Therefore, by combining the fine retardation plate 802 and the polarizing plate 803, a region that transmits the polarized light transmitted through the left region 811b of the polarizing filter 811 and a region that transmits the polarized light that is deviated from the polarized light by 90 degrees. And a first polarizing plate provided repeatedly in the vertical direction. Further, the polarizing plate 805 functions as a second polarizing plate, and has a polarizing property of transmitting light having a polarization different from that of the polarizing plate 803 by 90 degrees.
[0072]
The diffuser 806 is attached to the front side (viewer side) of the first polarizing plate 805, and functions as a diffusion unit that vertically diffuses light transmitted through the liquid crystal display panel. Specifically, the light transmitted through the liquid crystal display panel is vertically diffused using a lenticular lens in which vertical and concave portions are repeatedly provided.
[0073]
Note that a lenticular lens may be provided with a mat-shaped diffusion surface having a stronger diffusion fingering property in the vertical direction instead of the lenticular lens. By suppressing the diffusion in the vertical direction until the light passes through the liquid crystal display panel 804, the narrowing of the viewing angle can be improved.
[0074]
FIG. 5 is a front view showing the fine phase difference plate 802 of the image display device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[0075]
The fine retardation plate 802 is provided with a half-wave plate, and regions where the polarization of transmitted light is changed are repeatedly arranged at predetermined intervals at fine intervals. The polarization of the light incident on the regions arranged repeatedly and continuously differs between the right region 811a and the left region 811b of the polarizing filter 811. In the region where the polarization of the transmitted light is changed, the polarization axis of the incident light is 90 degrees. Rotate and emit. The repetition of the polarization characteristics of the fine retardation plate 802 is set to have substantially the same pitch as the display unit of the liquid crystal display panel 804.
[0076]
That is, the light that has passed through the right region 811a of the polarizing filter 811 and has its polarization axis rotated by 90 degrees by the fine phase plate, and has passed through the left region 811b of the polarizing filter 811 and has passed through the fine phase plate 802 as it is. The polarization axes of the light become equal, and these lights pass through the second polarizer. The region of the fine retardation plate 802 that changes the polarization of the transmitted light and the region that does not change the polarization of the transmitted light are repeatedly and continuously arranged for each horizontal line of the display unit of the liquid crystal display panel 804. The light transmitted through the fine phase difference plate 802 and the second polarizing plate 803 becomes the same polarized light traveling in different directions for each horizontal line.
[0077]
As described above, the repetition of the polarization characteristic of the fine retardation plate 802 is performed by setting the pitch of the fine retardation plate 802 to an integer multiple of the pitch of the display unit of the liquid crystal display panel 804 so that the polarization characteristic of the fine retardation plate 802 is changed every plural display units. Alternatively, the polarization of the transmitted light may be different for each of the plurality of display units.
[0078]
FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating an optical system of the variable display device 8.
[0079]
Light emitted from the light emitting element 810 is transmitted through the polarization filter 811 and spreads radially. Of the light emitted from the light source, the light that has passed through the right region 811a of the polarizing filter 811 reaches the Fresnel lens 812, the traveling direction of the light is changed by the Fresnel lens 812, and the fine phase difference plate 802, the liquid crystal display panel 804, the light reaches the polarizing plate 805, passes through them almost vertically (slightly from left to right), and reaches the left eye.
[0080]
On the other hand, of the light emitted from the light source, the light that has passed through the left region 811b of the polarizing filter 811 reaches the Fresnel lens 812, and the traveling direction of the light is changed by the Fresnel lens 812. The light reaches the display panel 804 and the polarizing plate 805, passes through them substantially vertically (slightly from left to right), and reaches the right eye.
[0081]
In this manner, the light emitted from the light emitting element 810 and transmitted through the polarizing filter 811 is applied to the liquid crystal display panel 804 almost vertically by the Fresnel lens 812 as an optical unit, A light source 1 for irradiating the liquid crystal display panel 804 with light having different polarization planes substantially vertically and through different paths, and emitting light transmitted through the liquid crystal display panel 804 through different paths to reach the right eye or the left eye. Let it. In other words, the scanning line pitch of the liquid crystal display panel 804 is made equal to the repetition pitch of the polarization characteristics of the fine retardation plate 2 so that light arriving from different directions for each scanning line pitch of the liquid crystal display panel 804 is irradiated and different. Emit light in the direction.
[0082]
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of displaying a two-dimensional symbol 850 from the display surface 8A of the variable display device 8 in the depth direction (Z-axis direction in the figure) on the player side, from the display surface 8A to the player side. In the case where a three-dimensional image (virtual image) is displayed such that the design 850 jumps out at the position of Z1 in the directed figure, the center of the design 850 on the display surface is substantially the center (X1, Y1) of the display surface 8A. Here, it is assumed that the symbol 850 has a circular shape with a predetermined radius, the center position is (X1, Y1, Z1), and the projected image of the symbol 850 on the display surface 8A is 850 ′. In the drawing, the X axis is the horizontal direction of the display surface 8A, the Y axis is the vertical direction, and the Z axis is the depth direction. The symbol 850 is two-dimensional sprite data stored in the font ROM 157, and its relative coordinates (horizontal coordinates and vertical coordinates) are defined in advance. It is converted into coordinates (XYZ coordinates).
[0083]
When the pattern 850 is displayed as a three-dimensional image in this way, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a right-eye image 850R to be observed by the right eye and a left-eye image 850L to be observed by the left eye are actually displayed on the display surface 8A. These images 850R and 850L are displayed by being shifted by a predetermined amount dx from the horizontal position X1 of the three-dimensional image 850 observed by the player.
[0084]
That is, in FIG. 9, the center of the left-eye image 850L is located at a position shifted by dx to the right in the figure from the horizontal position X1 of the three-dimensional image 850, and the right-eye image 850R is located in the horizontal direction of the three-dimensional image 850. The center is arranged at a position shifted by −dx to the left side of the figure from the position X1, and the center position of the left and right images 850L and R actually displayed on the display surface 8A depends on the Z-axis position of the three-dimensional image 850. Is displayed shifted by 2dx.
[0085]
Therefore, in FIG. 9, the Z-axis position of the three-dimensional image 850 is controlled by changing the amount of displacement (parallax between the right and left eyes) 2dx in the X-axis direction between the center of the left-eye image 850L and the right-eye image 850R. be able to. For example, in order to move the three-dimensional image 850 displayed at the position indicated by the solid line in the figure toward the display surface 8A (rear side), the amount of displacement (coordinate parameter) 2dx may be reduced, and conversely, In order to move to (projecting direction), the shift amount 2dx may be increased.
[0086]
Further, in order to make the three-dimensional image 850 fly out from the display surface 8A to the player side, a positive shift amount (right side in the figure) + dx is given to the left-eye image 850L as shown in FIGS. The image 850R is given a negative shift amount (left side in the figure). However, in order to display the three-dimensional image 850 on the opposite side of the display surface 8A (the back side of the liquid crystal display panel 804), a negative amount is added to the left-eye image 850L. The shift amount (left side in the figure) -dx may be given, and the positive shift amount (right side in the figure) + dx may be given to the right-eye image 850R.
[0087]
Therefore, by giving the positive shift amount + dx to the left-eye image 850L and the negative shift amount -dx to the right-eye image 850R, an arbitrary position can be set between the viewpoint of the player at the predetermined observation position Z0 and the display surface 8A. The display position (reproduction position) of the symbol 850 can be changed at the position Z1 in the depth direction. Note that the distance Z0 from the front side (player side) of the display surface 8A to the observation position is defined as the viewing distance.
[0088]
Further, by giving the negative shift amount −dx to the left-eye image 850L and the positive shift amount + dx to the right-eye image 850R, the depth of the display surface 8A on the opposite side to the viewpoint of the player at the predetermined observation position Z0. On the side, the display position (reproduction position) of the symbol 850 can be changed at an arbitrary position in the depth direction.
[0089]
8 and 9, the left-eye image 850L and the right-eye image 850R are illustrated as overlapping each other for the sake of simplicity. However, as will be described later, the horizontal line of the liquid crystal display panel 804 is actually used. A line for displaying the image for the left eye and a line for displaying the image for the right eye are preset according to the vertical position. The image 850L for the left eye and the image 850R for the right eye are displayed alternately, and the left and right images are in the same horizontal direction. There is no overlap on the line.
[0090]
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of display control performed by the CPU 151 of the display control device 150, which is repeatedly executed at predetermined time intervals.
[0091]
First, in step S1, a control pattern (scene) to be displayed is selected and read from the ROM 152 based on a command signal (command) sent from the game control device 100. The control pattern is stored in advance in the ROM 152 as, for example, sequence data, and each sequence data includes an object (a design, a background, etc.), a coordinate, a size (a display size or an enlargement ratio), a three-dimensional or two-dimensional image, or the like. The settings and the like are set in advance corresponding to the passage of time.
[0092]
Next, in step S2, an object is determined based on the selected control pattern, and data (sprite data, character data) of the object is read from the font ROM 157.
[0093]
In step S3, it is determined from the selected sequence data whether the read object is a three-dimensional image or a two-dimensional image. If the read object is to be displayed as a three-dimensional image, the process proceeds to step S4, while the two-dimensional image is displayed. In this case, the process proceeds to step S10.
[0094]
In step S10 of the two-dimensional image, the VDC 156 is instructed to have the display position (the position serving as the reference of the XY coordinates on the display surface 8A) and the size (display size or enlargement ratio) set in the sequence data. At the same time, it instructs that the parallax is 2dx = 0 because the image is a two-dimensional image.
[0095]
In the case of a three-dimensional image, the Z-axis position (depth) from the display surface 8A of the variable display device 8, which is the image formation position of the object selected in step S4, is obtained. If the object to be drawn is sprite data of a two-dimensional image, the Z-axis position based on the sequence data is set as an image formation position. For example, as shown in a three-dimensional image 850 shown in FIG. Deploy.
[0096]
Then, in step S5, a two-dimensional image 850 'obtained by projecting the virtually arranged three-dimensional image 850 along the Z-axis onto the display surface 8A is calculated.
[0097]
Next, in step S6, the amount of displacement (parallax) in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction) of the two-dimensional image 850 'is obtained from a preset table based on the Z-axis position set in step S4.
[0098]
As shown in FIG. 11, this table shows the shift amount (2dx described above) between the left-eye image and the right-eye image corresponding to the distance (Z-axis position) from the display surface 8A. The case where the three-dimensional image jumps out from the display surface 8A to the player side is shown, and the shift amount at this time is set to a positive sign, and the negative sign of the Z-axis position is drawn from the display surface 8A to the back side of the gaming machine. In this case, the shift amount at this time is a negative sign, and when the imaging position moves in the positive direction of the Z axis, the shift amount increases in the positive direction, and the imaging position moves in the negative direction of the Z axis. When it moves, the displacement decreases in the negative direction.
[0099]
Then, in step S7, the VDC 156 is instructed to pattern data (such as sprite data and character data) of the object based on the calculated values and the sequence data.
[0100]
That is, in the case of a three-dimensional image, the shift amount 2dx, the position (reference position) of the projection image 850 ′ on the display surface 8A obtained in step S5, an enlargement ratio based on sequence data, and the like are specified, and the two-dimensional image is specified. In the case of (2), the displacement amount 2dx = 0 is fixed, and an enlargement ratio based on the display position, sequence data, and the like obtained in step S10 is commanded.
[0101]
Then, in step S8, it is determined whether or not the generation of one frame of image data has been completed. If not, the process returns to step S2 to read the sequence data and draw the next object, and If the drawing of is completed, the process ends.
[0102]
FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control performed by the VDC 156 of the display control device 150, which is repeatedly executed at predetermined time intervals. The VDC 156 is executed by hardware.
[0103]
First, in step S11, a command is read from the CPU 151 and analyzed, pattern data (sprite data and character data, etc.) designated by the command, coordinates, an enlargement factor, and a shift amount 2dx are determined. If the data is character data or polygon data, the pattern data is read from the font ROM 157 via the ROM control unit 1505.
[0104]
In step S12, drawing is performed so as to have the designated size within the preset relative coordinates. If it is sprite data, the sprite data read in so as to have the size specified by the sprite surface control unit 1503 in FIG. The control unit 1502 performs drawing so as to have a designated size.
[0105]
Next, it is determined whether the image is a two-dimensional image or a three-dimensional image based on whether or not the shift amount 2dx is 0. If the shift amount 2dx = 0, it is determined that the image is a two-dimensional image, and the process proceeds to step S16. Then, the image data drawn in the relative coordinates is converted into screen coordinates (coordinates corresponding to the display area) and written into the frame buffer (RAM 153) via the RAM control unit 1506.
[0106]
On the other hand, if the shift amount 2dx is not 0, it is determined that the image is a three-dimensional image, and the process advances to steps S14 and S15. The line control unit 1504 converts the image data drawn with the relative coordinates into the shift amount 2dx as shown in FIG. , The image data of the left-eye line is shifted by the shift amount + dx, while the image data of the right-eye line is shifted by the shift amount −dx.
[0107]
Then, in step S16, the image data of the left-eye line and the right-eye line shifted in the horizontal direction within the relative coordinates are converted into screen coordinates, and written into the frame buffer (RAM 153) via the RAM control unit 1506.
[0108]
The image is drawn by repeating the above steps S11 to S16, and the VDC 156 synchronizes the image data corresponding to the screen coordinates written in the frame buffer with the D / A converter from the RAM control unit 1506 in synchronization with the vertical synchronization signal V_SYNC. Is transmitted to the fluctuation display device 8 via the.
[0109]
The drawing process performed by the VDC 156 according to the shift amount 2dx is performed, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, when forming a circular three-dimensional image 850 at Z1 on the Z axis, by the above-described step S12. , And the two-dimensional image (Z-axis projected image) 850 ′ of FIGS. 7 and 9 is calculated within the relative coordinates.
[0110]
Here, assuming that the X axis in FIG. 9 is positive in the right direction in the figure and negative in the left direction, the left-eye image 850L (image data of the left-eye line) is １ ／ of the shift amount 2dx in the figure. The coordinates are shifted to the right, and the right-eye image 850R (image data of the line for the right eye) is set to relative coordinates shifted to the left in the figure by 1/2 of the shift amount 2dx. Therefore, the coordinates of the center of the left-eye image 850L are
(X1 + dx, Y1)
And the coordinates of the center of the right-eye image 850R are
(X1-dx, Y1)
It becomes.
[0111]
In this manner, the line control unit 1504 translates the image data as the Z-axis projection image 850 ′ shown in FIG. 7 in the X-axis direction by の of the shift amount 2dx, respectively. The calculation is performed as 850L and 850R, respectively, and two image data of a left-eye line and a right-eye line are obtained as shown in FIG.
[0112]
Next, the RAM control unit 1506 stores the image data (850L, 850R) of the left-eye line and the right-eye line calculated by the line control unit 1504 in a display area preset in the RAM 153 as shown in FIG. The data is written to the address corresponding to the screen coordinates in the corresponding frame buffer 153A.
[0113]
In the frame buffer 153A, columns (horizontal lines) L1 to Lm are set corresponding to the Y-axis direction of the display surface 8A of the liquid crystal display panel 804, and the row-direction addresses 0 to xxx of the columns L1 to Lm include the X-axis. Pixels corresponding to the coordinates of the direction are set.
[0114]
Then, the left-eye line image data 850L is written in, for example, an even-numbered column, and the right-eye line image data 850R is written in an odd-numbered column.
[0115]
When the image forming position of the three-dimensional image is determined from the sequence data and the like in this manner, the two-dimensional images that have been translated in the left and right directions according to the shift amount 2dx corresponding to the Z-axis position are defined as the left-eye image 850L and the right-eye image 850R. The data is stored in the frame buffer 153A.
[0116]
Accordingly, the line control unit 1504 of the VDC 156 obtains a left-eye line from a shift amount (parallax) 2dx corresponding to the Z-axis position for forming a three-dimensional image (stereoscopic image) from one image data (sprite data or polygon data). And the right-eye line image data are generated, so that the processing load of the CPU 151 is reduced, and it is not necessary to prepare the left-eye image data and the right-eye image data, thereby reducing the data amount and reducing the manufacturing cost. Can be.
[0117]
FIG. 15 shows an example of display of a three-dimensional image, in which three symbols “5”, “6”, and “7” composed of sprite data are arranged so as to overlap each other in the X-axis direction, and the Z-axis position is displayed. Are displayed in a stepwise manner, "7" sets the Z-axis position to Z3, "6" sets the Z-axis position to Z4, and "5" sets the Z-axis position to Z5. The symbols are arranged at equal intervals ΔZ in the Z-axis direction.
[0118]
In this case, the actually displayed three-dimensional images overlap each other in the horizontal direction in the X-axis direction (display surface 8A), but are adjacent to each other at an interval ΔZ in the Z-axis direction.
[0119]
Therefore, the three symbols “5”, “6”, and “7” overlap in the depth direction at a constant interval ΔZ, so that the difference in the depth direction of each symbol can be easily visually recognized. Various effects can be performed by the symbol display of the variable display game.
[0120]
In addition, the image closest to the player may be the image with the highest priority. For example, after entering the reach state in the variable display game, the image in the Z-axis direction is changed so that the changing symbol is closest to the player. By changing the display position of, it is possible to perform display according to the degree of attention of the player. That is, by increasing the parallax of an image with a high priority, it is possible to obtain an image without a sense of incongruity.
[0121]
FIG. 16 shows an example of switching sprite data, and shows a case in which sprite data is switched according to the size of the display size.
[0122]
When a single piece of sprite data is enlarged or reduced, it becomes difficult to recognize the reduced sprite data due to the collapse of a line or the like, while the enlarged side becomes a rough image due to enlargement between lines or the like, resulting in a dull image.
[0123]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 16, sprite data 860S having a small display size and sprite data 860L having a large display size are stored in the font ROM 157 in advance in the same pattern, and either sprite data is stored in accordance with the display size. Decide which to use.
[0124]
When it is determined that the size to be displayed (for example, the number of vertical and horizontal pixels) is smaller than a preset value, the small sprite data 860S is read, enlarged and reduced, and drawn at a predetermined display size. When the value is larger than a preset value, the large sprite data 860L is read, enlarged and reduced, and drawn with a predetermined display size. This prevents the image from becoming coarse by enlarging a single sprite data, provides a powerful image, and prevents the single sprite data from being difficult to recognize by reducing it. , Can provide clear images.
[0125]
In a gaming machine that variably displays an image (symbol) for generating a special game state (big hit) advantageous to a player as identification information, a left-eye image and a right-eye image are generated based on small sprite data in a normal state. On the other hand, when the identification information is enlarged in a special game state or the like, by generating the left-eye image and the right-eye image based on the large sprite data, the enlarged identification information is prevented from becoming coarse and reduced. This can prevent the visibility of the identification information from deteriorating.
[0126]
In FIG. 16, the design is composed of sprite data. However, even if the design is font data, it is only necessary to prepare two font data, small font data having a small display size and large font data.
[0127]
FIG. 17 shows an example of the display of a three-dimensional image, in which three symbols “5”, “6”, and “7” composed of sprite data are displayed so that the Z-axis positions are gradually changed, and a game is played. The symbol "5" closest to the player is enlarged so as to be the largest, while the symbol "7" farthest from the player is reduced so as to be the smallest, and the symbol "6" located in the middle is the normal size. The symbol "7" has the Z-axis position set to Z3, the symbol "6" has the Z-axis position set to Z4, and the symbol "5" has the Z-axis position set to Z5.
[0128]
In this case, since the size changes in accordance with the parallax (Z-axis coordinates), a more realistic display can be performed by changing the design (stereoscopic image) in the depth direction and enlarging or reducing the stereoscopic image. The effect can be enhanced.
[0129]
The embodiments disclosed this time are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a configuration of an entire gaming machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control system.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing functional components of the VDC.
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view for explaining the optical system.
FIG. 5 is a front view of the fine phase difference plate.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the optical system.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram when a symbol is three-dimensionally displayed, and is a perspective view of a display surface.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view when a symbol is displayed three-dimensionally, and is a plan view from a display surface to an observer.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view when a symbol is displayed three-dimensionally, and is a front view of a display surface.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control performed by a CPU of the display control device.
FIG. 11 is a table showing a relationship between coordinates in a depth direction and a shift amount (parallax) between left and right images.
FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a drawing process performed by the VDC of the display control device.
FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram of a left-eye image and a right-eye image.
FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram of a left-eye image and a right-eye image written in a frame buffer.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a case where a plurality of symbols are displayed three-dimensionally so as to overlap each other, and is a plan view from a display surface to an observer.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing enlargement and reduction by sprite data having different display sizes.
FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a case where a plurality of symbols are three-dimensionally displayed in a size corresponding to the position in the depth direction, and is a plan view from a display surface to an observer.
[Explanation of symbols]
8 Variable display device
150 Display control device
151 CPU
153 RAM
156 VDC
157 Font ROM
181 LCD Driver
182 Backlight driver
810 Light-emitting element
811 Polarizing filter
812 Fresnel lens
802 Fine phase difference plate
803 polarizing plate
804 LCD panel
805 polarizing plate
806 diffuser

Claims (8)

A display device for displaying the image three-dimensionally by alternately displaying the left-eye image and the right-eye image for each horizontal scanning line in the display area,
Display control means for performing a variable display game by displaying a plurality of images in a variable manner in a display area of the display device;
In a gaming machine equipped with
The display control means,
Parallax calculating means for calculating the parallax between the image for the left eye and the image for the right eye,
Output image data generating means for generating a line deformed image shifted left and right for each horizontal scanning line of the display area based on the parallax from original image data set in advance,
Output means for outputting the line deformed image to the display device,
A gaming machine comprising: The output image data generating means includes:
Calculating a certain amount of shift between the left-eye image and the right-eye image based on the parallax,
2. The gaming machine according to claim 1, wherein pixels constituting the original image data are shifted left or right for each horizontal scanning line by the calculated amount of shift to generate a line deformed image. The output image data generating means includes:
Having enlargement / reduction control means for enlarging or reducing the original image data based on the parallax,
3. The gaming machine according to claim 1, wherein a line deformed image is generated from original image data enlarged or reduced by the enlargement / reduction control unit. The line deformed image is composed of sprite data,
4. The gaming machine according to claim 1, wherein the display control unit arranges the plurality of line deformed images so as to overlap in a depth direction of a display area of the display device. 5. The display control means may set, based on the priority of the sprite data set in advance, such that the parallax of the high-priority line deformed image is larger than the parallax of the low-priority line deformed image. The gaming machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: For one line deformed image, first original image data having a small display size and second original image data having a large display size are set in advance.
The scaling control means includes:
The size of the generated line deformed image is determined, and in accordance with the determination result, the original image data to be enlarged or reduced is determined from one of the first original image data and the second original image data. 4. The gaming machine according to claim 3, further comprising an original image data selecting unit for selecting. The display device variably displays an image for generating a special game state advantageous to a player as identification information,
In a normal state, a line deformed image is generated based on the first original image data, and when the identification information is enlarged, a line deformed image is generated based on the second original image data. Item 7. A gaming machine according to Item 6. In an image display device including a display unit that stereoscopically displays an image by alternately displaying a left-eye image and a right-eye image for each horizontal scanning line in a display area,
Parallax calculating means for calculating the parallax between the image for the left eye and the image for the right eye,
Output image data generating means for generating a line deformed image shifted left and right for each horizontal scanning line of the display area based on the parallax from original image data set in advance,
Output means for outputting the line deformation image to the display unit;
An image display device comprising:

Images