JP2004256672A - Decomposition method and decomposition apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a decomposition apparatus by which a material to be decomposed can be decomposed in good efficiency with a little external energy. <P>SOLUTION: The decomposition apparatus is constituted of a feed means 21 for feeding the material 22 to be decomposed, a capturing means 23 for capturing the material 22 to be decomposed, fed from the feed means 21, and an introducing means 24 for introducing oxygen or air, installed between the feed means 21 and the capturing means 23. A part of the material 22 to be decomposed, captured by the capturing means 23 is oxidized by the oxygen or the air introduced from the introducing means 24. The material 22 to be decomposed is decomposed by reacting the material to be decomposed, fed from the feed means and captured by the capturing means 23 with the oxygen or the air introduced from the introducing means 24 to oxidize a part of the material to be decomposed to generate heat, and imparting the obtained heat to the material 22 to be decomposed, remaining without being oxidized to decompose the material 22 to be decomposed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【００４１】
（表１）から、捕捉材の温度は、５００℃〜８００℃程度にすることが望ましい。
【００４２】
次に、第２のステップで発生した熱を利用して、残りの被分解物を分解する。被分解物は、水素、メタン、一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素などに分解され排出される。水素、メタン等は燃料ガスとして広く用いられている。とくに水素は近年の燃料電池用の燃料として利用され、非常に価値がある。
【００４３】
以上のように、本実施の形態の分解方法は、被分解物を捕捉する第１のステップと、第１のステップで捕捉した被分解物の一部を化学反応により発熱させる第２のステップと、第２のステップで発生する熱を被分解物に与えて分解する第３のステップとからなり、まず、被分解物を捕捉し、続いて捕捉された被分解物の一部を利用して、酸化反応等の発熱反応を起こし、これで得られる熱を残りの被分解物に与えて被分解物を分解する。
【００４４】
このことにより、少ない外部エネルギーで被分解物を効率よく分解できる。
【００４５】
また、被分解物の主成分が炭化水素であるので、水素など燃料ガスに富んだ分解ガスを回収することができる。
【００４６】
また、本実施の形態の分解方法の第２のステップでは、被分解物と酸素が自然に反応する温度帯で酸化反応させるので、被分解物の一部が自然発火、つまり発熱反応し、この得られる熱を反応に使用しなかった被分解物に与えて、被分解物を分解させる。つまり、ほとんど外部エネルギーを与えることなく、被分解物を簡単な方法で分解できる。
【００４７】
なお、先に供給される被分解物の発熱反応により得られる熱を、遅れて供給される被分解物の分解に利用してもよい。
【００４８】
なお、被分解物の分解ガス中の水素濃度を高める目的で、水蒸気を混在させて水性ガス化反応やシフト反応を行ってもよい。
【００４９】
（実施の形態２）
図２は本発明の実施の形態２による分解装置の構成図である。図２において、供給手段２１は、有機化合物を加熱して熱分解する加熱炉である。被分解物２２は、厨芥、木屑、汚泥など有機化合物を低酸素または無酸素雰囲気で加熱したときに生じるタールなどの揮発分を想定している。
【００５０】
捕捉手段２３は、供給手段２１から供給される被分解物２２を捕捉するものであり、多孔質活性アルミナのハニカム構造体であり、表面には被分解物２２の分解を促進するべく、ニッケル触媒を担持している。また、活性アルミナの代りに活性炭やゼオライトなどの多孔性材料を用いても構わない。さらに、ニッケル触媒の代りに、白金、銅、鉄、ラジウムなどの触媒を用いても構わない。
【００５１】
導入手段２４は、供給手段２１と捕捉手段２３との間に備えられ、外部から酸素または空気を捕捉手段２３近傍に導入するものである。ポンプ２５は、導入手段２４に酸素または空気を送り込むものであり、導入手段２４上に設けられている。
【００５２】
分解装置本体２６は、供給手段２１、捕捉手段２３、導入手段２４、ポンプ２５により構成される。ここでは示していないが、分解装置本体２６は放熱を抑制するために断熱材で覆った方が好ましい。
【００５３】
以上のように構成された分解装置の動作について説明する。
【００５４】
まず、供給手段２１内が加熱されて有機化合物が熱分解し、タールなどの揮発分や炭化水素系ガスなどの被分解物２２が発生する。一般的な有機化合物の場合は、４５０℃程度で分解する。
【００５５】
供給手段２１から発生した被分解物２２は捕捉手段２３に供給され、そこで捕捉される。このときポンプ２５が作動し、導入手段２４を介して捕捉手段２３近傍に酸素または空気が導入される。
【００５６】
このとき、被分解物２２と導入手段２４から供給される酸素または空気は、被分解物２２の発火点以上の温度であれば、被分解物２２は自然発火して発熱する。さらに、着火プラグ等を備えておけば、引火点から発火点の温度帯であっても被分解物２２は燃焼して発熱する。
【００５７】
被分解物２２の一部をこの反応により、発熱させる。そして、この熱を残りの被分解物２２に与えて分解する。
【００５８】
以上のように、本実施の形態の分解装置では、被分解物２２を供給する供給手段２１と、供給手段２１から供給される被分解物２２を捕捉する捕捉手段２３と、供給手段２１と捕捉手段２３との間に備えられ酸素または空気を導入する導入手段２４とで構成され、捕捉手段２３で捕捉された被分解物２２の一部を、導入手段２４より導入される酸素または空気により酸化させるものであり、供給手段２１から供給され捕捉手段２３で捕捉された被分解物２２と、導入手段２４より導入された酸素または空気とを反応させ、被分解物２２の一部を酸化させて発熱させ、これで得られる熱を酸化せずに残っている被分解物２２に与えることにより、被分解物２２を分解する。このように簡単な構成で、少ない外部エネルギーで、被分解物２２を効率よく分解できる。
【００５９】
ここで、供給手段２１が、炭化水素を主成分とする被分解物２２を供給する場合は、被分解物２２の分解により、水素などに富んだ燃料ガスを効率よく発生させることができる。
【００６０】
また、本実施の形態の分解装置では、捕捉手段２３に捕捉された被分解物２２と、導入手段２４より導入される酸素または空気が、被分解物２２が自然に酸化する温度帯で酸化反応するように構成されているので、簡単な構成で発熱させることができる。
【００６１】
なお、被分解物２２の分解ガス中の水素濃度を高める目的で、水蒸気を混在させて水性ガス化反応やシフト反応を行ってもよい。
【００６２】
なお、分解ガスの組成等を調整して、マイクロガスタービンや燃料電池に供給すると発電することが可能となり、分解ガスの有効利用ができる。
【００６３】
なお、本実施の形態では、供給手段２１として熱分解を目的とした加熱炉を用いたが、都市ガス供給設備やガスボンベを用いてもよい。さらに、メタノールやエタノールなどの常温で液体の物質を用いてもよい。
【００６４】
なお、捕捉手段２３に炭化物等が堆積した場合、導入手段２４より酸素または空気を導入することで、酸化、除去できる。
【００６５】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように請求項１に記載の分解方法の発明は、被分解物を捕捉する第１のステップと、第１のステップで捕捉した被分解物の一部を化学反応により発熱させる第２のステップと、第２のステップで発生する熱を被分解物に与えて被分解物を分解する第３のステップからなるので、被分解物の分解に必要な外部エネルギー削減できる。
【００６６】
また、本発明の請求項２に記載の分解方法の発明は、請求項１に記載の発明における被分解物を、主成分が炭化水素の被分解物としたので、水素など燃料ガスに富んだ分解ガスを回収することができる。
【００６７】
また、請求項３に記載の分解方法の発明は、請求項１または２に記載の発明における第２のステップでは、被分解物と酸素が自然に反応する温度帯で酸化反応させるので、ほとんど外部エネルギーを与えることなく、簡単な方法で被分解物を効率よく分解できるという作用を有する。
【００６８】
また、本発明の請求項４に記載の分解装置の発明は、被分解物を供給する供給手段と、供給手段から供給される被分解物を捕捉する捕捉手段と、供給手段と捕捉手段との間に備えられ酸素または空気を導入する導入手段とで構成され、捕捉手段で捕捉された被分解物の一部を、導入手段より導入される酸素または空気により酸化させるので、簡単な構成で、少ない外部エネルギーで、被分解物を効率よく分解できる。
【００６９】
また、本発明の請求項５に記載の分解装置の発明は、請求項４に記載の発明における供給手段が、炭化水素を主成分とする被分解物を供給するので、簡単な構成で、被分解物の分解により、水素に富んだ燃料ガスを効率よく発生させることができる。
【００７０】
また、本発明の請求項６に記載の分解装置の発明は、請求項４または５に記載の発明において、捕捉手段に捕捉された被分解物と、導入手段より導入される酸素または空気が、被分解物が自然に酸化する温度帯で酸化反応するように構成されているので、簡単な構成で発熱させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の形態１による分解方法の説明図
【図２】本発明の実施の形態２による分解装置の概略構成図
【図３】従来の都市ごみの処理装置の系統図
【符号の説明】
２１ 供給手段
２２ 被分解物
２３ 捕捉手段
２４ 導入手段[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method or a device for decomposing an object to be decomposed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, a method has been proposed in which municipal solid waste discharged from homes and offices is heated and decomposed in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere for treatment.
[0003]
In this type of processing method, pyrolysis gas generated during pyrolysis is burned, and the exhaust gas is guided to a waste heat boiler to generate steam, and the steam generates power to recover thermal energy.
[0004]
However, since municipal waste contains vinyl chloride and garbage, chlorine is mixed into the pyrolysis gas and generated during the pyrolysis process. As a result, there is a problem that a heat transfer surface such as a waste heat boiler or a heat exchanger is corroded.
[0005]
For this reason, in order to prevent corrosion of the waste heat boiler and the heat exchanger, it is desirable to remove the chlorine content before introducing the pyrolysis gas into them.
[0006]
As a conventional technique for such chlorine removal, there is a method of spraying a pyrolysis gas with water or an aqueous alkali solution such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0007]
Hereinafter, the conventional municipal waste treatment method and apparatus will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0008]
FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a conventional municipal waste treatment apparatus.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 3, the first cracking furnace 1 uses a pyrolysis drum and heats municipal waste to perform pyrolysis.
[0010]
The second cracking furnace 2 heats the pyrolysis gas generated from the first cracking furnace 1 at a higher temperature to gasify the tar component.
[0011]
The heat exchanger 3 exchanges heat between the pyrolysis gas discharged from the second cracking furnace 2 and room temperature air, and introduces the cooled pyrolysis gas into the scrubber-type wet cleaning tower 4.
[0012]
The gas-fired furnace 5 and the high-temperature melting furnace 6 serve as a combustor. The gas-fired furnace 5 burns the pyrolysis gas purified by the wet cleaning tower 4, and the high-temperature melting furnace 6 burns the first decomposition furnace. The char of the pyrolysis residue generated in step 1 is burned.
[0013]
The feeder 7 supplies refuse to the first cracking furnace 1. The fans (or blowers) 8 to 12 are provided for introducing and circulating air and the like from the outside.
[0014]
The operation of the municipal waste treatment apparatus configured as described above will be described below.
[0015]
First, municipal solid waste discharged from ordinary households and business establishments is fed into the first cracking furnace 1 from the feeder 7. The temperature in the first cracking furnace 1 is generally about 450 ° C. The pyrolysis gas generated by this pyrolysis is sent to the second decomposition furnace 2. For this reason, it is separated into rubble, aluminum, iron, etc., which are pyrolysis residues, and char.
[0016]
In the second cracking furnace 2, the pyrolysis gas is heated at a higher temperature than in the first cracking furnace 1 to decompose tar and gasify. The pyrolysis gas after decomposing the tar is sent to the heat exchanger 3, cooled by exchanging heat with room temperature air, and then introduced into the wet washing tower 4. In the wet cleaning tower 4, water or an alkaline solution such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is sprayed on the pyrolysis gas to remove chlorine contained in the pyrolysis gas.
[0017]
The pyrolysis gas after desalination is mixed with air heated in the heat exchanger 3 and burned in the gas combustion furnace 5. In the gas combustion furnace 5, the combustion exhaust gas and the air exchange heat, and the air is circulated between the first decomposition furnace 1, the second decomposition furnace 2 and the gas combustion furnace 5, and the first decomposition furnace 1 and the second It becomes a heat source of the decomposition furnace 2.
[0018]
In the high-temperature melting furnace 6, in addition to the char separated from the pyrolysis residue and the combustion exhaust gas cooled by heat exchange with air in the gas combustion furnace 5, room-temperature air is introduced, and high-temperature combustion is performed under a predetermined excess oxygen condition. . The temperature is 1200 ° C. or higher, preferably about 1300 ° C., which is about 100 to 150 ° C. higher than the melting temperature of the ash. The molten ash generated by this combustion is dropped, for example, from the furnace bottom into a cooling water tank, rapidly cooled, and collected as slag.
[0019]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-324716
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-mentioned conventional configuration, in recovering the thermal energy of the combustion exhaust gas generated by burning the thermal decomposition product of municipal waste by heat exchange, the tar component in the thermal decomposition gas is gasified, and the hydrogen chloride in the combustion exhaust gas is further reduced. Since it can be removed, corrosion of a heat exchanger or the like can be prevented.
[0021]
However, in order to decompose tar in the pyrolysis gas, the temperature of the second decomposition furnace 2 is increased. As a heat source, air is circulated as a heat medium in order to utilize waste heat of the gas combustion furnace 5.
[0022]
Therefore, for example, in order to maintain the second decomposition furnace 2 at a high temperature of about 700 ° C., it is necessary to increase the temperature of the air, and the heat loss from the circulation circuit is large, and the thermal efficiency of the entire apparatus deteriorates. There was a problem that.
[0023]
An object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a decomposition method and a decomposition apparatus capable of decomposing an object to be decomposed such as tar with a small amount of energy efficiently with a simple configuration.
[0024]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The decomposition method according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a first step of capturing the decomposed substance and a second step of causing a part of the decomposed substance captured in the first step to generate heat by a chemical reaction. And a third step of applying the heat generated in the second step to the decomposition target to decompose the decomposition target.
[0025]
In the decomposition method having the above structure, a part of the decomposed substance is heated by a chemical reaction, and the remaining decomposed substance is decomposed by using the heat, so that there is an effect that external energy required for decomposition can be reduced.
[0026]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a decomposition method according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the decomposed substance in the first aspect is a hydrocarbon-based decomposed substance, which is rich in fuel gas such as hydrogen. It has the effect of being able to recover cracked gas.
[0027]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second step of the first or second aspect of the present invention, the oxidation reaction is performed in a temperature range in which the decomposition target and oxygen naturally react. A part of the substance is spontaneously ignited by an oxidation reaction, that is, an exothermic reaction, and the obtained heat is given to the decomposed substance not used in the reaction. As a result, the decomposition target is decomposed. That is, there is an effect that the decomposition target can be decomposed by a simple method with almost no external energy.
[0028]
The invention of the decomposition apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention provides a supply unit for supplying a decomposition target, a capturing unit for capturing the decomposition target supplied from the supply unit, and a supply unit and a capturing unit. And a introducing means for introducing oxygen or air, wherein a part of the decomposed substance captured by the capturing means is oxidized by oxygen or air introduced from the introducing means, and supplied from the supplying means. The substance to be decomposed captured by the capturing means is reacted with oxygen or air introduced from the introducing means. At this time, a part of the decomposition target is oxidized and generates heat. By giving the obtained heat to the remaining decomposition products without being oxidized, the decomposition products can be decomposed. With such a simple configuration, it has an effect that the decomposition target can be efficiently decomposed with little external energy.
[0029]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cracking apparatus, wherein the supply means in the fourth aspect supplies a substance to be decomposed mainly containing hydrocarbons. This has the effect of efficiently generating a hydrogen-rich fuel gas by decomposing the decomposition product.
[0030]
In the invention of the decomposition device according to claim 6 of the present invention, in the invention according to claim 4 or 5, the decomposition target captured by the capture means and oxygen or air introduced from the introduction means are decomposed. It is configured to perform an oxidation reaction in a temperature range in which an object naturally oxidizes, and has an operation of generating heat with a simple configuration.
[0031]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of a decomposition method and a decomposition apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0032]
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a decomposition method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 1, decomposition of the decomposition target is composed of three steps.
[0034]
First, in a first step, decomposed substances are captured. Here, hydrocarbon is mentioned as a main component of the decomposition target, but tars, alcohols, and organic compounds in general are targeted.
[0035]
Activated alumina or activated carbon as a porous material is effective as a trapping material. Such a porous material usually has a specific surface area of about several tens to several thousand m ² / g, and is effective in capturing gas molecules. Furthermore, if the surface polarity, PH, shape, and the like are adjusted in consideration of the polarity, chemical properties, physical properties, and the like of the capture target, the effect is further improved.
[0036]
For the purpose of accelerating the decomposition of decomposed substances, it is effective to support a substance having a catalytic function such as nickel, iron, copper, platinum, palladium, and radium on the trapping material.
[0037]
In this way, after the decomposed substance is captured in the first step, in the second step, oxygen (air) is sent in the vicinity of the capturing material to oxidize (burn) a part of the decomposed substance.
[0038]
When the temperature of the decomposed substance is higher than the ignition point, it is not necessary to provide an igniter, and the decomposed substance burns spontaneously and generates heat. On the other hand, when the temperature is between the flash point and the ignition point, it is necessary to provide an igniter such as a plug. Note that the former is desirable because the configuration is simplified.
[0039]
Here, Table 1 shows examples of the boiling point, the flash point, and the ignition point of the decomposed substance.
[0040]
[Table 1]

[0041]
From (Table 1), it is desirable that the temperature of the capturing material be about 500 ° C to 800 ° C.
[0042]
Next, the remaining substance to be decomposed is decomposed using the heat generated in the second step. Decomposed substances are decomposed into hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and the like and discharged. Hydrogen, methane, etc. are widely used as fuel gas. In particular, hydrogen has been used as a fuel for fuel cells in recent years and is very valuable.
[0043]
As described above, the decomposition method according to the present embodiment includes the first step of capturing the decomposed substance, and the second step of causing a part of the decomposed substance captured in the first step to generate heat by a chemical reaction. And a third step of applying heat generated in the second step to the decomposed substance to decompose the decomposed substance, first capturing the decomposed substance, and then utilizing a part of the captured decomposed substance. An exothermic reaction such as an oxidation reaction occurs, and the heat obtained by this is given to the remaining decomposed substances to decompose the decomposed substances.
[0044]
Thus, the decomposition target can be efficiently decomposed with a small amount of external energy.
[0045]
In addition, since the main component of the decomposition target is hydrocarbon, it is possible to recover a decomposition gas rich in fuel gas such as hydrogen.
[0046]
Further, in the second step of the decomposition method of the present embodiment, the oxidation reaction is performed in a temperature range in which the decomposition target and oxygen react spontaneously, so that a part of the decomposition target automatically ignites, that is, generates an exothermic reaction. The obtained heat is given to the decomposed material not used in the reaction to decompose the decomposed material. That is, the substance to be decomposed can be decomposed by a simple method with almost no external energy.
[0047]
In addition, heat obtained by the exothermic reaction of the decomposition product supplied first may be used for decomposition of the decomposition product supplied later.
[0048]
In order to increase the hydrogen concentration in the decomposition gas of the decomposition target, water gasification reaction or shift reaction may be performed by mixing steam.
[0049]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a decomposition apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 2, a supply unit 21 is a heating furnace that heats and thermally decomposes an organic compound. The to-be-decomposed substance 22 is assumed to be volatile matter such as tar generated when an organic compound such as kitchen waste, wood chips, and sludge is heated in a low-oxygen or oxygen-free atmosphere.
[0050]
The capturing means 23 captures the decomposed substance 22 supplied from the supply means 21, and is a honeycomb structure of porous activated alumina, and has a nickel catalyst on its surface to promote decomposition of the decomposed substance 22. Is carried. Also, a porous material such as activated carbon or zeolite may be used instead of activated alumina. Further, instead of the nickel catalyst, a catalyst such as platinum, copper, iron, and radium may be used.
[0051]
The introduction unit 24 is provided between the supply unit 21 and the capture unit 23, and introduces oxygen or air from the outside to the vicinity of the capture unit 23. The pump 25 sends oxygen or air to the introduction unit 24 and is provided on the introduction unit 24.
[0052]
The disassembly device main body 26 includes a supply unit 21, a capture unit 23, an introduction unit 24, and a pump 25. Although not shown here, it is preferable that the decomposition device main body 26 be covered with a heat insulating material in order to suppress heat radiation.
[0053]
The operation of the disassembly device configured as described above will be described.
[0054]
First, the inside of the supply means 21 is heated to thermally decompose the organic compound, thereby generating volatile matter such as tar and a substance 22 to be decomposed such as a hydrocarbon-based gas. General organic compounds decompose at about 450 ° C.
[0055]
Decomposed matter 22 generated from the supply means 21 is supplied to the capture means 23, where it is captured. At this time, the pump 25 operates, and oxygen or air is introduced into the vicinity of the capturing unit 23 via the introducing unit 24.
[0056]
At this time, if the temperature of the oxygen or air supplied from the decomposition object 22 and the introduction means 24 is equal to or higher than the ignition point of the decomposition object 22, the decomposition object 22 spontaneously ignites and generates heat. Further, if an ignition plug or the like is provided, the decomposed substance 22 burns and generates heat even in the temperature range from the flash point to the ignition point.
[0057]
A part of the to-be-decomposed substance 22 generates heat by this reaction. Then, this heat is given to the remaining decomposed material 22 to be decomposed.
[0058]
As described above, in the decomposition apparatus of the present embodiment, the supply unit 21 that supplies the decomposition target 22, the capturing unit 23 that captures the decomposition target 22 supplied from the supply unit 21, and the supply unit 21 A part of the decomposed substance 22 captured by the capturing means 23 is oxidized by the oxygen or air introduced from the introducing means 24. The decomposed substance 22 supplied from the supply means 21 and captured by the capturing means 23 reacts with oxygen or air introduced from the introduction means 24, thereby oxidizing a part of the decomposed substance 22. The substance 22 is decomposed by generating heat and applying the heat obtained by this to the remaining substance 22 to be decomposed without being oxidized. With this simple configuration, the decomposition target 22 can be efficiently decomposed with little external energy.
[0059]
Here, in the case where the supply unit 21 supplies the to-be-decomposed substance 22 containing a hydrocarbon as a main component, the decomposition of the to-be-decomposed substance 22 can efficiently generate a fuel gas rich in hydrogen and the like.
[0060]
Further, in the decomposition apparatus of the present embodiment, the decomposition product 22 captured by the capturing device 23 and the oxygen or air introduced from the introduction device 24 are oxidized in a temperature range where the decomposition product 22 is naturally oxidized. , Heat can be generated with a simple configuration.
[0061]
In order to increase the hydrogen concentration in the decomposition gas of the decomposition target 22, a water gasification reaction or a shift reaction may be performed by mixing steam.
[0062]
When the composition of the decomposed gas is adjusted and supplied to a micro gas turbine or a fuel cell, power can be generated, and the decomposed gas can be effectively used.
[0063]
In this embodiment, a heating furnace for the purpose of thermal decomposition is used as the supply means 21, but a city gas supply facility or a gas cylinder may be used. Further, a substance which is liquid at normal temperature such as methanol or ethanol may be used.
[0064]
In addition, when carbides and the like are deposited on the capturing means 23, they can be oxidized and removed by introducing oxygen or air from the introducing means 24.
[0065]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the decomposition method according to the first aspect of the present invention includes the first step of capturing the decomposed substance and the second step of causing a part of the decomposed substance captured in the first step to generate heat by a chemical reaction. And the third step of applying the heat generated in the second step to the decomposed substance to decompose the decomposed substance, so that the external energy required for decomposing the decomposed substance can be reduced.
[0066]
Further, in the invention of the cracking method according to claim 2 of the present invention, since the decomposition target in the invention according to claim 1 is a hydrocarbon whose main component is a decomposition target, it is rich in fuel gas such as hydrogen. The cracked gas can be recovered.
[0067]
Further, in the invention of the decomposition method according to the third aspect, in the second step of the invention according to the first or second aspect, the oxidation reaction is carried out in a temperature range in which the decomposed substance and oxygen naturally react. This has the effect that the decomposition target can be efficiently decomposed by a simple method without giving energy.
[0068]
Further, the invention of the decomposition apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention provides a supply unit for supplying the decomposition target, a capture unit for capturing the decomposition target supplied from the supply unit, and a supply unit and the capture unit. Introduced means for introducing oxygen or air provided in between, and a part of the decomposed substance captured by the capturing means is oxidized by oxygen or air introduced from the introducing means, with a simple configuration, Decomposed substances can be efficiently decomposed with little external energy.
[0069]
In the invention of the cracking device according to claim 5 of the present invention, the supply means in the invention according to claim 4 supplies a substance to be decomposed containing hydrocarbon as a main component. By decomposing the decomposition product, a fuel gas rich in hydrogen can be efficiently generated.
[0070]
Further, in the invention of the decomposition apparatus according to claim 6 of the present invention, in the invention according to claim 4 or 5, the decomposition object captured by the capturing means and oxygen or air introduced from the introduction means are: Since the oxidation reaction is performed in a temperature range in which the decomposition object oxidizes spontaneously, heat can be generated with a simple configuration.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is an explanatory diagram of a decomposition method according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a decomposition device according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a conventional municipal waste treatment device; Explanation of reference numerals]
21 supply means 22 decomposed substance 23 capture means 24 introduction means

Claims (6)

A first step of capturing the decomposed substance, a second step of generating heat by a chemical reaction for a part of the decomposed substance captured in the first step, and a heat generated in the second step. A third step of decomposing the decomposition product by applying the decomposition product to the decomposition product. The decomposition method according to claim 1, wherein the substance to be decomposed is a substance that is mainly composed of hydrocarbon. 3. The decomposition method according to claim 1, wherein, in the second step, the oxidation reaction is performed in a temperature range in which the decomposition target and oxygen react spontaneously. Supply means for supplying the decomposition product, capture means for capturing the decomposition product supplied from the supply means, introduction means for introducing oxygen or air provided between the supply means and the capture means; Wherein a part of the decomposed substance captured by the capturing means is oxidized by oxygen or air introduced from the introducing means. 5. The cracking device according to claim 4, wherein the supply means supplies a to-be-decomposed material containing hydrocarbon as a main component. The decomposed substance trapped by the trapping means and oxygen or air introduced from the introducing means are configured to undergo an oxidation reaction in a temperature zone in which the decomposed substance spontaneously oxidizes. 6. The decomposition device according to 4 or 5.

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