JP2004224893A - Method for preparing soil material - Google Patents

Method for preparing soil material Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004224893A
JP2004224893A JP2003013835A JP2003013835A JP2004224893A JP 2004224893 A JP2004224893 A JP 2004224893A JP 2003013835 A JP2003013835 A JP 2003013835A JP 2003013835 A JP2003013835 A JP 2003013835A JP 2004224893 A JP2004224893 A JP 2004224893A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
soil
temperature
pressure
soil material
steam
Prior art date
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Pending
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JP2003013835A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Naoki Maeda
直己 前田
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Maeta Concrete Industry Ltd
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Maeta Concrete Industry Ltd
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Priority to JP2003013835A priority Critical patent/JP2004224893A/en
Publication of JP2004224893A publication Critical patent/JP2004224893A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/78Recycling of wood or furniture waste

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Protection Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preparing a soil material usable as a mulching material when laid on the ground surface and as a leaf mold when mixed into the earth. <P>SOLUTION: Ligneous materials such as lumber from thinning, pruned-off branches, trees on the riverside, or leaves and grass, are crushed and then accommodated in a pressure chamber, and then processed in a high-temperature/pressure water vapor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は土壌用資材の製造方法、更に詳しくは、地表面に敷き詰めて土壌を被覆するマルチング材として、及び土に混入して根の発育を良好にする腐葉土として利用できる土壌用資材の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
公園緑地等では、雑草繁茂の防止,水分蒸散の防止を目的として、剪定枝,河川木などの木質廃材を粉砕した木質系材料を、地表面に敷き詰めるいわゆるマルチング材として使用している。また、土をふかふかにして植物の根の発育を良くすることを目的として、クヌギ,ナラ,ケヤキなどの落葉樹やカシなどの常緑樹の落ち葉を腐らせた腐葉土を作り、これを畑土や赤玉土等に混入することにより培養土として使用している。
【0003】
しかし、木質系材料を原料としたマルチング材には害虫や植物の病原菌が含まれているとゝもに、脱窒素現象により植物の育成に悪影響を与える虞があるといった問題点がある。
【0004】
また、落ち葉を原料とする腐葉土は以下のような手順で作られている。(イ)よく乾かした落ち葉50リットルに微生物の栄養分となる米ぬかと油かすを一握り程度混ぜ合わせる。(ロ)これを黒のナイロン袋(二枚重ね)に詰めて口を閉める。このとき、あまりふかふかだと乾きすぎて腐らないため注意する。(ハ)冬場は温かい場所に置き、一ヵ月に一回袋から出して「天地返し」(底の部分の落ち葉を上のものと置き替える)をする。(ニ)乾いたら水を補給し、3〜4ヶ月で完成する。
【0005】
以上のように、(1)腐葉土を作るには上記のような諸工程(イ)〜(ニ)を経るために時間がかかる。(2)市販品には「山取り品」といって山から掘ってきたものが多く、松葉やゴミが混入しているものが多い。(3)未完成な腐葉土が混じっていることが多いが、この場合、作物のために与えた窒素分を腐葉自体が分解されるために消費してしまう(脱窒素現象)。(4)鉢土の場合には殺菌や消毒の必要もある、といった諸問題点がある。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記のような従来の諸問題点を解決するためになされたもので、地表に敷設すればマルチング材となり、土に混入すれば腐葉土として使用できる土壌用資材を工業的に大量に生産可能とした土壌用資材の製造方法を提供することを目的としたものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するため、本願の第1発明に係る土壌用資材の製造方法は、間伐材,剪定枝,河川木等の木質系材料及び又は木の葉,草等の粉砕物を圧力容器内に収容し、高温高圧蒸気処理を施すことを特徴とする。また、本願の第2発明は、前記圧力容器内の蒸気温度が170〜190℃で、蒸気圧力が10〜11気圧であり、保持時間が4時間以上としたことを特徴とする。この構成により、改めて殺菌や消毒する必要がないとゝもに、異物や腐熟度の低いものが混入することのない土壌用資材を、短時間で工業的に大量に生産することができる。
【0008】
さらに、上記の目的を達成するための本願の第3発明は、上記圧力容器がコンクリートパイル用オートクレーブであることを特徴とする。この構成により、コンクリートパイルメーカーが保有している既存のオートクレーブをそのまま転用することができ、新たな設備を必要としない。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を実施形態により詳細に説明するに、間伐材,剪定枝,河川木等の木質系材料及び(又は)木の葉,草などを1〜200mm程度の大きさに切断又は粉砕し、この切断又は粉砕したものをコンクリートパイル製造用のオートクレーブ(高温高圧養生装置)に入れる。つぎに、このオートクレーブ内に、コンクリートパイル製造における高温高圧養生と同じように、オートクレーブ装置の機能を利用して高温高圧蒸気を送り込む。
【0010】
そして、図1に示すように、前記粉砕木質系材料又は木の葉などを収納したオートクレーブ内の蒸気温度が170〜190℃,内部圧力が10〜11気圧に達した後、この状態を4時間以上保持する。その後、蒸気の圧送を止め、自然に常温になるのを待ってから本発明の土壌用資材である処理物をオートクレーブ内から取り出す。
【0011】
オートクレーブによる高温,高圧での蒸気処理によって、この処理物(土壌用資材)は高温高圧蒸気処理自体及び熱分解によって得られた木酢液により殺菌されている。したがって、この土壌用資材をマルチング材又は腐葉土として使用する場合でも改めて殺菌,消毒を施す必要がない。
【0012】
また、木の葉や草の場合には炭素成分(繊維質)以外の成分は減少し、炭素成分を主体とした部分だけが残り、従来の腐葉土と同様の状態、すなわち、微生物の働きにより腐葉土の基本性能である土をふかふかにして、植物の根張りを良くする状態を人工的につくり出すことができる。
【0013】
而して、この土壌用資材を地表面に敷き詰めて、土壌を被覆するマルチング材として利用することにより、雑草繁茂の防止,水分蒸散の防止を図ることが出来る。また、この土壌用資材を土と混入することにより、土をふかふかにして植物の根張りを良くする状態をつくり出す腐葉土として利用することができる。さらには、この土壌用資材を子供の遊び場に敷設或いは盛土状態に設置することにより、殺菌されたクリーンな遊び道具としても利用できる。
【0014】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上記のような構成であるから、(1)マルチング材又は腐葉土として利用できる土壌用資材を短時間で工業的に量産することができる。(2)廃材などを有効活用することができるため、環境破壊や汚染の防止にも役立つ。(3)マルチング材又は腐葉土として利用する場合でも、改めて殺菌,消毒を施す必要がなく、廉価に製造することができる。(4)異物や腐熟度の低い物質の混入がないので、均一で且つ高品質のものを得ることができる。(5)既存のコンクリートパイル製造に使用する設備をそのまま転用することができるとゝもに、パイル製造における高温高圧蒸気養生と同様な方法で生産することができるので新たな設備投資が不要である。といった諸効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】圧力容器内の蒸気温度と蒸気圧力及び時間との関係を示す図である。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a soil material, and more particularly, to a method for producing a soil material that can be used as a mulching material that covers the soil by laying on the ground surface and as a mulch mixed with the soil to improve root growth. About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In park green spaces and the like, for the purpose of preventing the growth of weeds and preventing the evaporation of water, wood-based materials obtained by pulverizing woody waste materials such as pruned branches and river trees are used as so-called mulching materials that are spread over the ground surface. Also, for the purpose of improving the growth of plant roots by making the soil soft and fluffy, deciduous trees such as oak, oak, zelkova, etc. and evergreens such as oak are decayed to make humus, and this is cultivated upland or Akadama. It is used as a culture soil by mixing it with the like.
[0003]
However, mulching materials made from wood-based materials contain pests and pathogenic bacteria of plants, and also have a problem that denitrification may adversely affect the growth of plants.
[0004]
Also, humus made from fallen leaves is made by the following procedure. (A) Mix 50 liters of well-dried fallen leaves with a handful of rice bran and oil cake, which are nutrients for microorganisms. (B) Pack this in a black nylon bag (two layers) and close the mouth. At this time, be careful that if it is too soft, it will be too dry and will not rot. (C) During the winter, place the product in a warm place, take it out of the bag once a month, and turn it upside down (replace the fallen leaves at the bottom with the one above). (D) Water is replenished when dry and completed in 3-4 months.
[0005]
As described above, (1) it takes a long time to produce humus because the above steps (a) to (d) are performed. (2) Many commercial products are dug from the mountain, and are often mixed with pine needles and garbage. (3) Unfinished humus is often mixed, but in this case, the nitrogen provided for the crop is consumed because the humus itself is decomposed (denitrification phenomenon). (4) In the case of pot soil, there are problems such as sterilization and disinfection.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the conventional problems as described above, and when laid on the surface of the ground, it becomes a mulching material, and when mixed with soil, soil material that can be used as mulch is industrially mass-produced. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a soil material that has become possible.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a method for producing a soil material according to the first invention of the present application is a method for manufacturing a wood-based material such as thinned wood, pruned branches and river trees and / or pulverized materials such as leaves and grass in a pressure vessel. It is housed and subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure steam treatment. The second invention of the present application is characterized in that the steam temperature in the pressure vessel is 170 to 190 ° C., the steam pressure is 10 to 11 atm, and the holding time is 4 hours or more. With this configuration, it is not necessary to sterilize or disinfect again, and it is possible to industrially produce a large amount of soil material in a short time without contamination by foreign substances or substances with low maturity.
[0008]
Further, a third invention of the present application for achieving the above object is characterized in that the pressure vessel is an autoclave for concrete pile. With this configuration, the existing autoclave owned by the concrete pile maker can be diverted as it is, and no new equipment is required.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the following, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to embodiments, in which thinning materials, pruned branches, woody materials such as river trees and / or leaves and grasses of trees are cut or crushed to a size of about 1 to 200 mm. The cut or pulverized product is put into an autoclave (high-temperature and high-pressure curing device) for concrete pile production. Next, high-temperature and high-pressure steam is sent into the autoclave by utilizing the function of the autoclave device in the same manner as high-temperature and high-pressure curing in concrete pile production.
[0010]
Then, as shown in FIG. 1, after the steam temperature in the autoclave containing the ground wood-based material or the leaves of the tree reaches 170 to 190 ° C. and the internal pressure reaches 10 to 11 atm, this state is maintained for 4 hours or more. I do. After that, the pumping of the steam is stopped, and after waiting for the temperature to reach room temperature naturally, the treated material as the soil material of the present invention is taken out of the autoclave.
[0011]
The treated material (soil material) is sterilized by the high-temperature and high-pressure steam treatment itself and the wood vinegar obtained by the thermal decomposition by the steam treatment at a high temperature and a high pressure in an autoclave. Therefore, even when this soil material is used as a mulching material or mulch, there is no need to sterilize or disinfect it again.
[0012]
In addition, in the case of leaves and grass, the components other than the carbon component (fibrous) decrease, and only the portion mainly composed of the carbon component remains, and the same state as conventional mulch, that is, the basic function of mulch by the action of microorganisms It is possible to artificially create a condition that improves the rooting of plants by softening the soil, which is a performance property.
[0013]
Thus, by spreading this soil material on the ground surface and using it as a mulching material for covering the soil, it is possible to prevent the growth of weeds and the evaporation of moisture. In addition, by mixing this soil material with soil, the soil can be used as mulch that creates a condition that improves the rooting of plants by making the soil fluffy. Furthermore, by laying this soil material in a children's playground or installing it in an embankment state, it can be used as a clean, sterilized play tool.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, (1) soil materials that can be used as mulching materials or humus can be mass-produced industrially in a short time. (2) Waste materials and the like can be used effectively, which also helps prevent environmental destruction and pollution. (3) Even when it is used as a mulching material or mulch, it can be manufactured at a low cost without the need for sterilization and disinfection again. (4) Uniform and high quality products can be obtained because there is no foreign matter or a substance having a low maturity. (5) Existing facilities used for concrete pile production can be diverted as they are, and pile production can be performed in the same manner as high-temperature and high-pressure steam curing, so no new capital investment is required. . There are various effects.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between a steam temperature in a pressure vessel, a steam pressure, and time.

Claims (3)

間伐材,剪定枝,河川木等の木質系材料及び又は木の葉,草等の粉砕物を圧力容器内に収容し、高温高圧蒸気処理を施すことを特徴とする土壌用資材の製造方法。A method for producing a material for soil, comprising storing thinned wood, pruned branches, woody materials such as river trees, and / or pulverized materials such as leaves and grass in a pressure vessel and subjecting them to high-temperature and high-pressure steam treatment. 前記圧力容器内の蒸気温度が170〜190℃で、蒸気圧力が10〜11気圧であり、保持時間が4時間以上としたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の土壌用資材の製造方法。The method according to claim 1, wherein the steam temperature in the pressure vessel is 170 to 190C, the steam pressure is 10 to 11 atm, and the holding time is 4 hours or more. 前記圧力容器が、コンクリートパイル用のオートクレーブであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の土壌用資材の製造方法。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure vessel is an autoclave for a concrete pile.
JP2003013835A 2003-01-22 2003-01-22 Method for preparing soil material Pending JP2004224893A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101039008B1 (en) 2009-07-13 2011-06-03 순천대학교 산학협력단 Crushing method of wood and manufacturing method of wood wool using the same
JP2012224801A (en) * 2011-04-22 2012-11-15 Taisei Corp Neutralizing material for acidic soil, and method for treating acidic soil
JP2017190448A (en) * 2016-04-11 2017-10-19 花王株式会社 Soil improvement agent
JP2020117684A (en) * 2019-01-18 2020-08-06 宮崎みどり製薬株式会社 Method for producing soil conditioner containing woody material as raw material and soil conditioning method
US11134679B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2021-10-05 Kao Corporation Method for growing plant

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101039008B1 (en) 2009-07-13 2011-06-03 순천대학교 산학협력단 Crushing method of wood and manufacturing method of wood wool using the same
JP2012224801A (en) * 2011-04-22 2012-11-15 Taisei Corp Neutralizing material for acidic soil, and method for treating acidic soil
JP2017190448A (en) * 2016-04-11 2017-10-19 花王株式会社 Soil improvement agent
WO2017179351A1 (en) * 2016-04-11 2017-10-19 花王株式会社 Method for soil improvement
US11134679B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2021-10-05 Kao Corporation Method for growing plant
US11279877B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2022-03-22 Kao Corporation Method for improving soil
JP2020117684A (en) * 2019-01-18 2020-08-06 宮崎みどり製薬株式会社 Method for producing soil conditioner containing woody material as raw material and soil conditioning method
JP6995386B2 (en) 2019-01-18 2022-01-14 宮崎みどり製薬株式会社 Manufacturing method and soil improvement method for soil improvement materials made from wood-based materials

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