JP2004176434A - Method for constructing structure and underground skeleton - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for constructing a structure by which an underground skeleton is built by using a crane without installing a permanent sub-substructural column and a construction cost can be reduced while the structure can be constructed efficiently when construction works of the underground skeleton and a ground skeleton are performed simultaneously in the structure composed of the underground skeleton and the ground skeleton. <P>SOLUTION: In the method for constructing the structure, the method includes a process in which an excavated ditch 4 for building the underground skeleton 3 is constructed, a process in which a first split underground skeleton 10a is built to a part of the excavated ditch 4 and the crawler crane (crane) 30 is installed on the first split underground skeleton 10, a process in which a second split underground skeleton 10b is extended so as to be adjoined to the underground skeleton 10a, and a process in which the underground skeleton 3 composed of a plurality of split underground skeletons 10 is built in the ditch 4 by repeating extensions of the split underground skeletons 10 while the ground skeletons 2 are constructed on the split underground skeletons 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for constructing a structure composed of an underground skeleton and an above-ground skeleton, and an underground skeleton.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of constructing a structure composed of an underground frame and an above-ground frame, a foundation is constructed on a bottom surface of an excavated trench constructed by excavating the ground, and a first floor is provided by a column erected on the foundation. There is a two-step construction method in which the first floor is constructed at substantially the same height as the ground surface while supporting the ground floor, and then the construction work of the underground skeleton and the ground skeleton is simultaneously performed using the first floor as a work floor ( For example, see Patent Document 1.)
[0003]
In addition, as shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-278958, the present applicant has constructed a temporary foundation on the bottom surface of an excavation trench constructed by excavating the ground, and has a first floor on a column erected on the temporary foundation. A structure that supports the floor and builds the main foundation in such a way that it is integrated with the temporary foundation while the ground floor is constructed with the first floor as the working floor, and then the construction work of the underground skeleton and the ground skeleton proceed simultaneously. Has applied for a construction method.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 3053938 (pages 1-3, FIG. 1)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional two-step construction method and the construction method of a structure have the following problems.
First, in the conventional two-step construction method, since the foundation needs to have a strength capable of supporting the ground frame, usually, the foundation is provided with a straight pillar. However, in the above-mentioned two-step construction method, since the completed underground skeleton is directly used as the foundation, the straight pillar is not required after the underground skeleton is constructed. That is, there is a problem in that an unnecessary structure is provided in the completed structure, thereby increasing the construction cost and prolonging the construction period.
In addition, in the method of constructing a structure using a temporary foundation, when the first floor is constructed, the first floor is supported by the temporary foundation, and there is no need to provide a timber pillar, but the first floor is quickly installed. Therefore, the entire excavation trench is closed by the first floor before the underground skeleton is constructed. As a result, it becomes difficult to carry the member of the underground skeleton into the excavation trench using a lifting machine such as a crane installed on the ground surface, and there is a problem that the construction efficiency may be reduced.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and in a structure composed of an underground skeleton and an above-ground skeleton, when the construction work of the underground skeleton and the above-ground skeleton is simultaneously performed, Without providing, it is possible to construct an underground skeleton using a lifting machine, and compared to the conventional construction method, it is possible to reduce the construction cost and to construct a structure that can be constructed efficiently and The task is to provide underground structures.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is configured to solve the above-described problem, and the invention according to claim 1 is a method for constructing a structure including an underground skeleton and an above-ground skeleton, and (1) a method for constructing a ground. Excavating and constructing an excavation trench for constructing an underground skeleton; and (2) constructing a divided underground skeleton in a part of the excavation trench so as to be adjacent to the ground, and on the divided underground skeleton. A divided underground skeleton building step of installing a lifting machine in a yard, and (3) a divided underground skeleton building extending step of using a lifting machine to extend another divided underground body adjacent to the divided underground skeleton, and (4) necessary Includes a structure construction step of constructing an underground skeleton composed of a plurality of divided underground skeletons in the excavation trench by repeating the divided underground skeleton extension process for the number of times, and constructing an aboveground skeleton on the divided underground skeleton It is characterized by:
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the method for constructing a structure according to the first aspect, wherein the divided underground skeleton is erected on a base member constructed on the bottom surface of the excavation groove and on the foundation member. It is characterized by being composed of a supporting column and a first-floor floor which is a boundary between the underground frame and the above-ground frame and supported by the column.
[0009]
The invention according to claim 5 is an underground structure constructed in an excavation trench excavating the ground, wherein the underground structure is divided into a plurality of divided underground structures, and the plurality of divided underground structures are adjacent to the ground. , And is formed from one or a plurality of other underground skeletons that are expanded so as to be adjacent to the previously pre-constructed underground skeleton. .
[0010]
Here, the hoist is a transfer device such as a crane, and may have a lifting capability capable of transferring members of the underground skeleton, and the configuration is not limited.
In addition, the first floor is a floor serving as a boundary between the underground skeleton and the above-ground skeleton, and is usually constructed at substantially the same height as the ground surface, but may be the nearest floor on the ground surface.
[0011]
According to the first, second and fifth aspects of the present invention, in the case where the construction work of the underground skeleton and the above-ground skeleton is simultaneously proceeded, the divided underground skeleton is sequentially expanded in the excavation trench to form the underground skeleton. By constructing, the divided underground skeleton does not need to support the weight of the entire underground skeleton and the above-ground skeleton, so that it is not necessary to provide a straight pillar in the divided underground skeleton, and the construction cost can be reduced.
Further, by sequentially increasing the divided underground skeletons in the excavation trench, the entire excavation trench is not blocked by the first floor at an early stage. Thus, the divided underground skeleton can be sequentially expanded in the excavation trench by using the lifting machine, so that the structure can be constructed efficiently.
[0012]
Further, the invention according to claim 3 is the method for constructing a structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a lifting machine is transferred onto the expanded underground skeleton in the underground skeleton expansion step, It is characterized in that another divided underground frame is constructed using a hoist.
[0013]
According to the present invention, the lifting machine is relocated on the expanded underground skeleton, and work can be performed in the vicinity of the construction position of the divided underground skeleton to be constructed adjacent to the divided underground skeleton, so that the working range is small. Even with a hoist, a divided underground skeleton can be added.
[0014]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the method for constructing a structure according to the second aspect, wherein the lifting machine is supported on the support of the divided underground skeleton in the divided underground skeleton building step. It is characterized by being able to ascend along.
[0015]
Here, as the lifting machine supported by the column, for example, a stationary type such as a tower crane that lifts a conveyed object using a device such as a drive motor or a collapsible jib provided on a main body supported by the column. There is a hoist.
[0016]
According to the present invention, since the stationary type lifting machine has high stability by being supported by the column, the working range and the lifting capacity can be increased as compared with the mobile type lifting machine. In addition, the underground skeleton can be efficiently constructed. Further, since the hoist can be lifted along the columns, the above-mentioned building can be efficiently constructed when building the above-ground building on the underground building.
[0017]
Therefore, in the method of constructing a structure and the underground skeleton according to the present invention, in the case where the construction work of the underground skeleton and the above-ground skeleton is simultaneously performed, without providing a straight pillar, the underground skeleton is divided into the excavation trench by using the lifting machine. Can be constructed sequentially, and the underground skeleton can be constructed efficiently, so that the construction cost can be reduced and the construction period can be shortened, compared to the conventional construction method of installing straight columns and temporary foundations. be able to.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of each embodiment, the same components will be denoted by the same reference symbols, without redundant description.
[0019]
The structure construction method and underground skeleton according to the embodiment of the present invention are applicable to a building having an underground skeleton.
[0020]
[First Embodiment]
First, a method for constructing a structure and an underground skeleton according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Drawing 1 is a figure showing a digging trench construction process concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a sectional side elevation showing after a pier and a pier are constructed, and (b) is erection of a cutting beam It is the sectional side view which showed the back. FIGS. 2A and 2B are views showing a divided underground skeleton building step and a divided underground skeleton extension step according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. b) is a side sectional view showing a state after the construction of the second divided underground skeleton. 3A and 3B are views showing a structure building process according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is a side sectional view showing a state after the construction of a third divided underground skeleton, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing a state after a skeleton is constructed. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a structure building process according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a side cross-sectional view showing a state in which a girder and a retaining pillar are removed after the construction of the underground skeleton.
[0021]
Here, a building according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4, the building 1 according to the present embodiment includes an above-ground structure 2 built above the ground surface GL and an underground structure 3 built in an excavation trench 4 excavating the ground. Each of the frames 2 and 3 is divided by a first floor 13 having substantially the same height as the ground surface GL. The building 1 is supported by a direct foundation by a plurality of foundation members 11 constructed so as to cover the entire bottom surface of the excavation trench 4.
[0022]
The underground skeleton 3 according to the first embodiment is divided into four divided underground skeletons 10 having substantially the same size in the left-right direction of FIG. 4, and the first divided underground skeleton is constructed adjacent to the ground. 4 is formed from the skeleton 10 and three divided underground skeletons 10 that are extended so as to be adjacent to the divided underground skeleton 10 that has been constructed immediately before. The underground frame 10a, the second divided underground frame 10b, the third divided underground frame 10c, and the fourth divided underground frame 10d are continuous in this order.
In the first embodiment, the underground skeleton 3 is divided into four divided underground skeletons 10. However, the number of divided underground skeletons 3 is not limited, and the size of the underground skeleton 3 and the construction used for construction are not limited. It is preferable to determine the value appropriately in consideration of the performance of the machine and the like so that the construction can be performed efficiently.
[0023]
The divided underground frame 10 is a base member 11 constructed on a part of the bottom surface of the excavation trench 4, a support 12 erected on the base member 11, and a boundary between the underground structure 3 and the ground structure 2. The first floor 13a and the first basement floor 13b supported by the base member 11 and the lowest floor 13c constructed on the base member 11. Here, the divided underground frame 10 constitutes the underground frame 3 by a plurality of (four in the present embodiment) divided underground frames 10 being continuous. The base member 11 of one divided underground skeleton 10 supports the loading of the members of the underground skeleton 3 and the above-ground skeleton 2 on the first floor 13a and the load during the construction thereof. The required strength is sufficiently ensured without providing the base.
[0024]
Next, a case where the building 1 is constructed by the method for constructing a structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
(1) Excavation Groove Construction Step First, as shown in FIG. 1A, while retaining the retaining wall 20 and the retaining post 21 in the ground in accordance with the shape of the underground skeleton 3 (see FIG. 4) to be constructed. As shown in FIG. 1B, the ground inside the area surrounded by the retaining wall 20 is excavated, and an excavation groove 4 for constructing the underground skeleton 3 is constructed. At this time, the excavation work is performed while sequentially installing the cutting beams 22 corresponding to the depth of the excavation groove 4 and reinforcing the retaining wall 20.
[0025]
(2) Split Underground Building Construction Step Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 2A, a mobile crawler crane 30 is installed on the ground surface GL near the excavation trench 4.
Here, the crawler crane 30 is an existing lifting machine equipped with traveling means such as a caterpillar, and may have a lifting capacity capable of transporting each member of the divided underground skeleton 10, and its configuration is limited. is not.
Then, using the crawler crane 30, the base member 11 of the first divided underground skeleton 10a is constructed on the bottom surface of the excavation groove 4 so as to be adjacent to the side wall on the left side in FIG. Further, the columns 12 are erected on the base member 11 by using the crawler crane 30 and the beams of the first basement floor 13b are installed on the columns 12, and then the upper portions of the columns 12 having substantially the same height as the ground surface GL. A first floor 13a is constructed and supported, and a first divided underground body 10a is constructed in the excavation trench 4. At this time, when the divided underground skeleton 10 is made of steel-framed reinforced concrete, a permanent member is applied to the columns 12 and the beams on the first floor 13b. When the divided underground frame 10 is made of reinforced concrete, a temporary support 12 may be used, and a beam of the first floor 13b may be provided to appropriately reinforce the horizontal direction.
Thereafter, the crawler crane 30 is moved and installed on the first floor 13a of the first divided underground building 10a.
[0026]
(3) Divided Underground Building Extension Step Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), using the crawler crane 30 on the first floor 13a of the first divided underground building 10a, the first divided underground building 10a is adjacent to the first divided underground building 10a. Then, the second divided underground frame 10b is expanded. Here, in the present invention, since the divided underground skeleton 10 is sequentially expanded in the excavation trench 4, the entire excavation trench 4 is not early closed by the first floor 13a. Can be carried into the excavation groove 4 using the crawler crane 30 when the building is extended. In addition, since the crawler crane 30 can be moved on the first floor 13a of the first divided underground frame 10a and the work can be performed in the vicinity of the position where the second divided underground frame 10b is to be constructed, the crawler crane 30 has a small working range. Even so, the second divided underground skeleton 10b can be constructed.
[0027]
(4) Structure Construction Step As shown in FIG. 3A, after the construction of the second divided underground frame 10b, the crawler crane 30 is moved onto the first floor 13 of the second divided underground frame 10b, and divided. By repeating the underground skeleton extension process, the third divided underground skeleton 10c is constructed so as to be adjacent to the second divided underground skeleton 10b. Furthermore, the first floor 13a of the first divided underground frame 10a is used as a work floor, and concrete is cast on the pillars 12 of the first divided underground frame 10a and around the beams of the first floor 13b, and on the foundation member 11 to form an underground. The skeleton 3 is constructed, and the above-ground skeleton 2 is constructed on the first divided underground skeleton 10a. Here, when the divided underground skeleton 10 is made of reinforced concrete, concrete is poured after the reinforcing bars are installed around the temporary columns 12 and the beams of the first basement floor 13b and on the foundation member 11.
[0028]
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the fourth divided underground structure 10d is constructed adjacent to the third divided underground structure 10c by repeating the divided underground structure extension process, and the first divided underground structure 10a is formed. In addition, the underground skeleton 3 and the above-ground skeleton 2 can be constructed using the first floor 13a of the second divided underground skeleton 10b as a work floor.
Finally, the crawler crane 30 is moved to the ground surface GL, and as shown in FIG. 4, the first floor 13a of each divided underground frame 10 is used as a work floor, and the underground frame 3 and the ground frame 2 are simultaneously constructed. The lowermost floor 13c of the underground skeleton 3 may be constructed by laying concrete on the base member 11 of each of the divided underground skeletons 10 after the four divided underground skeletons 10 are connected.
When the underground skeleton 3 can support the earth pressure on the wall surface of the excavation groove 4, the retaining pillar 21 and the cutting beam 22 (see FIG. 1) are removed.
[0029]
Therefore, in the method for constructing a structure and the underground skeleton according to the first embodiment of the present invention, when the construction work of the underground skeleton 3 and the above-ground skeleton 2 are simultaneously performed, the crawler crane 30 is provided without providing the straight columns. The substructure 10 can be efficiently and sequentially constructed in the excavation trench 4 by using the method, so that the construction cost is reduced as compared with the conventional construction method in which the first floor is supported by using straight columns or temporary foundations. It is possible to reduce the amount of time and shorten the construction period.
[0030]
[Second embodiment]
Next, a method for constructing a structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a divided underground skeleton building process according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A shows a state where a tower crane is installed in the first divided underground skeleton after the first divided underground skeleton is constructed. The side sectional view shown, (b) is a side sectional view showing after the construction of the third divided underground skeleton. 6A and 6B are views showing a divided underground skeleton extension step and a structure building step according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6A is a side sectional view showing a state after the fourth divided underground skeleton is constructed, and FIG. ) Is a side sectional view showing a state of constructing an underground skeleton and an above-ground skeleton.
[0031]
The method for constructing a structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention has substantially the same configuration as the method for constructing a structure according to the first embodiment, and uses the tower crane 40 when expanding the divided underground building 10. Work differently. In the following description, the description of the same configuration as that of the first embodiment will be omitted.
[0032]
First, a tower crane 40 used in the method for constructing a structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The tower crane 40 is, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a stationary lifting machine that lifts a conveyed object by using a drive motor (not shown) provided on a main body 41 or a device such as a collapsible jib 42. The main body 41 is supported by the column 12 of the divided underground frame 10, and the main body 41 can be raised along the column 12. Since the tower crane 40 has high stability by being supported by the column 12, the work range and the lifting capacity are larger than those of a lift such as a mobile crawler crane.
[0033]
Next, a method for constructing a structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 5A, the first divided underground frame 10a is constructed in the excavation groove 4 in the same manner as the excavation channel construction step and the divided underground frame construction step of the first embodiment, and FIG. In a), the tower crane 40 is installed on the support 12 of the first divided underground frame 10a which is the second from the left side. In the second embodiment, the tower crane 40 is installed on the second column 12 from the left. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The second crane from the left may be used in accordance with the working range and the lifting capacity of the tower crane 40. It may be installed on the following support 12. Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, the second divided underground frame 10b and the third divided underground frame 10c are constructed using the tower crane 40, and one of the second divided underground frame 10b and the third divided underground frame 10c is constructed. Using the floor 13a as a working floor, the basement 3 is constructed by casting concrete on the columns 12 of the divided basement skeletons 10 and the beams of the first basement floor 13b and on the base member 11 while constructing the basement skeletons 3. The ground frame 2 is constructed on the frame 10. At this time, since the work range and the lifting capacity of the stationary tower crane 40 are large, there is no need to move the tower crane 40, so that the construction can be performed efficiently.
[0034]
Then, as shown in FIG. 6A, the fourth divided underground frame 10 d is constructed in the same manner as the third divided underground frame 10 c, and the four divided underground frames 3 to become the underground frame 3 in the excavation trench 4. Repeat 10 Although the underground skeleton 3 was divided into four divided underground skeletons 10 in the second embodiment in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the number of divided underground skeletons 3 is not limited, and various construction conditions It is preferable to appropriately determine them according to the conditions.
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6B, the underground skeleton 3 and the above-ground skeleton 2 are simultaneously constructed using the tower crane 40. The lowermost floor 13c of the underground skeleton 3 may be constructed by laying concrete on the base member 11 of each of the divided underground skeletons 10 after the four divided underground skeletons 10 are connected.
Therefore, in the method of constructing a structure according to the second embodiment, the tower crane 40 can be raised along the column 12 extending upward in the construction of the ground frame 2, so that the ground frame 2 can be constructed efficiently. be able to.
[0035]
As described above, an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and a design can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, the configuration of the base member 11 is not limited, and may be any configuration as long as the building 1 can be reliably supported by the plurality of divided underground frames 10. Therefore, it is preferable to shorten the construction period by using a precast member formed in a factory or the like in advance.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
According to the construction method and the underground skeleton of the structure of the present invention, when simultaneously performing the construction work of the underground skeleton and the above-ground skeleton, the divided underground skeleton having a direct foundation having sufficient strength is sequentially placed in the excavation trench. The basement is being built by adding an extension. Accordingly, since it is not necessary to provide the timber columns in the divided underground skeleton, the construction cost can be reduced as compared with the conventional construction method of providing the timber columns.
In addition, since the divided underground skeletons are sequentially expanded in the excavation trench, the entire excavation trench is not immediately closed by the first floor. As a result, it is possible to easily expand the divided underground skeleton in the excavation trench using the lifting machine, so that the structure can be constructed more efficiently than the construction method of providing a temporary foundation, and the construction period can be reduced. Can be shortened.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing an excavation trench construction process according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a side sectional view showing a state after a mountain retaining wall and a mountain retaining column are constructed, and FIG. It is the sectional side view which showed the back.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are views showing a divided underground skeleton building step and a divided underground skeleton expanding step according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. b) is a side sectional view showing a state after the construction of the second divided underground skeleton.
3A and 3B are diagrams showing a structure building process according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is a side sectional view showing a state after a third divided underground skeleton is constructed, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing a state after a skeleton is constructed.
FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing a structure building process according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which a cutting beam and a retaining pillar are removed after an underground skeleton is built.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a divided underground skeleton building process according to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) shows a state in which a tower crane is installed in the first divided underground skeleton after the first divided underground skeleton is constructed. The side sectional view shown, (b) is a side sectional view showing after the construction of the third divided underground skeleton.
FIGS. 6A and 6B are views showing a divided underground building extension step and a structure building step according to the second embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 6A is a side sectional view showing a state after the fourth divided underground building is constructed, and FIG. ) Is a side sectional view showing a state of constructing an underground skeleton and an above-ground skeleton.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Building 2 Building 3 Underground 4 Excavation groove 10 Underground building 11 Supporting member 12 Support 13 ... 1st floor 30 ... crawler crane 40 ... tower crane

Claims (5)

A method for constructing a structure composed of an underground skeleton and an above-ground skeleton, comprising the following steps.
(1) An excavation trench construction step of excavating the ground and constructing an excavation trench for constructing the underground skeleton.
(2) A divided underground frame construction step of constructing a divided underground frame in a part of the excavation trench so as to be adjacent to the ground and installing a lifting machine on the divided underground frame.
(3) A divided underground frame extension step of using the lifting machine to extend another divided underground frame so as to be adjacent to the divided underground frame.
(4) The underground skeleton composed of a plurality of the divided underground skeletons is constructed in the excavation trench by repeating the required number of times of the divided underground skeleton building process, and the aboveground skeleton is formed on the divided underground skeleton. A structure construction process for constructing The split underground skeleton,
Foundation members constructed on the bottom surface of the digging trench,
A column erected on the base member,
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a first floor, which is a boundary between the underground skeleton and the above-ground skeleton, and supported by the columns. 3. 3. The divided underground building extension step, wherein the lifting machine is relocated on the expanded divided underground building and the other divided underground building is constructed using the lifting machine. The construction method of the structure according to 1. 3. The structure according to claim 2, wherein in the divided underground frame building step, the lifting machine is supported by the columns of the divided underground frame, and can be lifted along the columns. 4. Method. An underground skeleton built in a digging trench that excavated the ground,
It is divided into multiple substructures,
The plurality of divided underground structures are firstly constructed adjacent to the ground, and the one or more divided underground structures are constructed so as to be adjacent to the previously divided immediately underground structure. An underground skeleton formed from the other divided underground skeleton.

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