JP3767347B2 - Reverse strike method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a reverse striking method for constructing an underground structure of a building, and is a super reverse striking method obtained by improving and upgrading a conventional reverse striking method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the conventional reverse driving method, after the first floor is first constructed, the ground below it is excavated, and when the first floor underground is constructed, the ground below is excavated. It is a construction method that completes the underground structure by constructing foundation beams at the end, while proceeding to the lower floor sequentially while repeating the excavation of the building. Each floor structure is used as a supporting structure in sequence, and the load of the constructed underground frame is temporarily supported by a steel column called a structural column until the entire underground frame is completed.
[0003]
Such a reverse driving method has gained much attention in recent years because it has advantages such as the use of the first floor as a work floor, the stability of a mountain retaining structure, and the shortening of the construction period.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Even in the conventional reverse driving method, it is possible to significantly shorten the work period by executing the ground work and the underground work in parallel, compared with the conventional method in which the underground structure is constructed from the bottom to the upper part.
[0005]
However, when the construction period designated by the owner is short, the conventional reverse driving method cannot be used, and there is a demand for a reverse driving method that can further shorten the construction period. In addition, if the building site is small and the underground part is built to fill the site, and the yard for the construction of the steel frame is very narrow, the construction period of the underground work should be considered when proceeding with simultaneous construction on the ground and underground. It is demanded to shorten the construction time and accelerate the construction of the ground steel frame.
[0006]
This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and is providing the reverse hammering method which can aim at shortening of a construction period further than the conventional reverse hammering method.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The reverse driving method of the present invention is a reverse driving method in which an underground structure of a building is built from top to bottom, and a floor frame of an arbitrary floor is built in an excavation space in a retaining wall. Accordingly, after laying a beam under the floor of the floor frame, the floor floor is drilled without building a floor on the lower floor, and an arbitrary number of floors are excavated at once. Is built in advance, then, with the floor under any of the plurality of floors as a boundary, excavation work and frame work are performed in the lower part, and the floor structure of the upper floor is performed in the upper part in parallel. .
[0008]
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, after excavating the upper part of the retaining wall (primary excavation), building the first-floor floor frame, if necessary, after the second excavation, a beam (under the first floor) A horizontal beam support or diagonal beam), skip the first basement floor and excavate all the way down to the second basement beam (the third excavation). With this 2nd basement floor as a boundary, excavation work (fourth excavation) at the lower part and the 3rd floor and below floor structure work, and the upper floor 1st floor structure at the upper part (1st basement floor and 2nd basement floor) Of the outer peripheral wall) in parallel. In FIG. 1, the reverse striking method of the present invention is started from the construction of the floor frame on the first floor, but it is also possible to start from an arbitrary floor in the basement. It is also possible to build an underground structure by sequentially repeating the reverse driving method of the present invention.
[0009]
The above-mentioned beam (first stage) is intended to suppress the deformation of the upper part of the retaining wall to a very small extent, and depending on the ground hardness and the setting condition of the retaining wall, it should be constructed without this beam. Is something that can be done.
[0010]
In the configuration as described above, for example, the construction of the floor slab on the first basement floor is skipped and the construction of the floor slab on the second basement floor is preceded, and the construction after the fourth excavation is performed at the lower part of the floor slab on the second basement floor. In the upper part, the floor structure of the first basement floor is constructed in parallel. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the construction of the floor structure of the first basement floor (the construction of the second basement floor) deviates from the critical path. Compared with the conventional reverse driving method, the construction period can be shortened by about 1.5 months. In addition, the floor frame on the first basement floor can be constructed by a forward casting method without an outer wall reverse joint.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. This embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to the construction of an underground portion of the third floor of a skyscraper. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the super counterstrike method of the present invention in the order of steps. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an arrangement example of a retaining wall, a pile, and a true pillar in the present invention. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing details of construction on each floor. 4 and 5 are plan views showing an example of a cutting beam used in the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the first-stage beam. FIG. 7 is a diagram comparing the steps of the present invention and the conventional method.
[0012]
By the super reverse driving method of the present invention, the underground part of the third basement is constructed in the following procedure (see FIG. 1).
[0013]
( 1 ) After construction of the mountain retaining wall (SMW) 1, the cast-in-place pile 2 and the construction pillar 3 are installed. After the primary excavation of the upper part of the retaining wall, the floor frame 4 on the first floor is constructed. The floor frame 4 includes a floor (including beams) 4a on the first floor and an outer peripheral wall (including outer peripheral columns) 4b on the first basement.
[0014]
( 2 ) After the secondary excavation to the floor level of the first basement floor, the first-stage beam support work 11 is installed on the outer peripheral wall 4b.
[0015]
( 3 ) The construction of the floor structure on the first basement floor will be skipped and excavated to the bottom of the beam on the second basement floor, and the third floor excavation for two floors will be performed. The basement 6 on the second basement is built, and then the first-stage beam support 11 is dismantled. The floor structure 6 on the second basement floor comprises a floor 6a on the second basement floor. A large space is formed above the floor frame 6.
[0016]
( 4 ) After the fourth excavation to the floor level of the third basement floor to construct the outer peripheral wall 6b of the third basement floor, the second stage beam support 12 is installed on the outer peripheral wall 6b. At the same time, the floor frame 5 on the first basement is built in order. The first floor base 5 includes a floor 5a on the first basement floor, an outer peripheral wall 5b on the second basement floor, and internal pillars and walls 5c. From this time, construction work on the ground steel frame will begin.
[0017]
( 5 ) After the fifth excavation / flooring, the pressure platen 7 is constructed.
[0018]
( 6 ) Build foundation / foundation beam 8 and basement floor 3 9 After the concrete is hardened, the second stage beam supporting work 12 is dismantled. After constructing the outer wall joints on the first basement and the third basement and placing the concrete on the remaining internal pillars and walls, the basement is completed.
[0019]
Next, each elemental technology of the reverse driving method of the present invention will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 2, the structural pillar 3 is provided in the internal pile 2 </ b> A, the structural pillar 3 is used as the column steel of the internal pillar A, and the structural pillar 3 is not provided in the pile 2 </ b> B in the outer peripheral portion. This is because, as shown in FIG. 3, the pile 2 </ b> B and the outer peripheral column B at the outer peripheral portion are eccentric, and the column steel frame of the outer peripheral column B cannot be used as a structural column. Since there is no true pillar on the outer periphery, the outer peripheral frame is supported on the retaining wall 1 by the head RC jaw 20 and the stud bolt 21 as shown in FIG. Furthermore, since the bearing capacity of the retaining wall 1 has a permissible limit, the underground work is expedited, and a pressure platen 7 is placed in front of the ground steel frame, for example, 5 sections, and the stress of the column steel of the outer column B is transferred to the outer periphery. To the pile 2B.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 3, the concrete is composed of a normal concrete forward casting part and a special concrete semi-pressing part using a high-performance AE water reducing agent, and is placed in the following order.
[0021]
( 1 ) First floor floor 4 (first floor 4a, basement 1 outer wall 4b), ( 2 ) Second floor 6 (second floor 6a), ( 3 ) Press-fitting of the outer wall 6b on the third basement floor ( 4 ) Ordering of the floor frame 5 on the first basement floor (the floor 5a on the first basement floor, the outer peripheral wall 5b on the second basement floor and the inner pillar / wall 5c) (2) Standing frame construction on the second floor), ( 5 ) Ordering of the pressure platen 7, ( 6 ) Ordering of the foundation / foundation beam 8 and the third basement floor 9, ( 7 ) Outer wall of the third basement floor 9 and the third basement floor ( 8 ) Press-fitting between the floor 5a on the first basement floor and the outer peripheral wall 4b on the first basement floor, and press-fitting internal pillars and walls 4c on the first basement floor, ( 9 ) On the third basement floor Press-fitting internal pillar / wall 6c.
[0022]
It should be noted that ordinary methods are used for horizontal joints at each part, joints of column main bars, joints of wall main bars, and the like.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the first-stage cut beam support 11 and the second-stage cut beam support 12 include vertical and horizontal cut beams 13, bulges 14, fire beams 15, and corner fire beams. 16 and the like, and is supported by a support bracket 17 (see FIG. 1) attached to the structural pillar 3 and the outer peripheral walls 4b and 6b.
[0024]
In the present invention, a first-stage beam supporting work 11 is provided as a substitute for the floor structure of the first-floor underground, but the first-stage beam supporting work 11 is a floor 4a on the first floor as shown in FIG. It is also possible to substitute an oblique beam 11 ′ provided obliquely between the lower surface of the outer wall and the outer peripheral wall 4b of the first basement.
[0025]
In addition, the first-stage beam support work was erected in order to suppress the deformation of the retaining wall to a very small extent. Depending on the conditions of the hardness of the ground or the setting condition of the amount of deformation of the retaining wall, 1 It is also possible to construct without stepped beams.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 7, in the super backlash method of the present invention, the construction of the floor slab 6a on the second basement is advanced by skipping the construction of the floor skeleton 4 on the first basement, and the floor slab on the second basement is bounded. In addition, the work after the fourth excavation is performed at the lower part and the floor structure 5 on the first basement floor (upper floor structure on the second basement) is performed in the upper part, so the construction of the floor structure 5 on the first basement floor is critical. It was possible to reduce the construction period by about 1.5 months compared with the conventional reverse driving method.
[0027]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the first floor basement 5 (the second basement standing base) can be constructed by the forward casting method, which tends to be a weak point of underground water stoppage as compared with the conventional reverse driving method. The outer wall reverse joints, reinforced joints and post-cast concrete can be reduced.
[0028]
In addition, although the above demonstrated the case where the underground part of the 3rd basement was built, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is applicable not only to this but to the construction of the underground part more than the 4th floor underground. Moreover, the reverse driving method of this invention can also be started from the arbitrary underground floors. Furthermore, it is also possible to build a large-scale underground part by sequentially repeating the reverse driving method of the present invention.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
Since this invention consists of the above structures, there can exist the following effects.
[0030]
(1) For example, skip the construction of the floor slab on the first basement floor and precede the construction of the floor slab on the second basement floor. Therefore, the construction work can be further shortened by about 1.5 months compared to the conventional reverse striking method, which can significantly shorten the construction period, since the construction work for the first floor basement is performed in parallel.
[0031]
(2) Since the forward casting method is also included in the reverse casting method, the number of outer wall reverse joints, reinforced joints and post-cast concrete, which tend to be a weak point of underground water stoppage, is reduced compared to the conventional reverse casting method. Can do.
[0032]
(3) Considering the construction costs associated with shortening the construction period, the cost will be about the same as the conventional reverse driving method.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a reverse driving method according to the present invention in the order of steps.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an arrangement example of a retaining wall, a pile, and a true pillar in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing details of construction on each floor in the reverse driving method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of a first stage beam used in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an example of a second-stage cutting beam used in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the first-stage beam.
FIG. 7 is a diagram comparing the steps of the present invention and a conventional method.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Mountain retaining wall 2 ... Cast-in-place pile 3 ... Construction pillar 4 ... First-floor floor frame 4a ... First-floor floor 4b ... Basement 1st floor outer wall 4c ... Basement 1st floor internal pillar / wall 5 ... Basement 1st floor 5a ... Basement 1st floor 5b ... 2nd basement outer wall 5c ... 2nd basement inner pillar / wall 6 ... 2nd basement floor housing 6a ... 2nd basement floor 6b ... 3rd basement outer periphery Wall 6c… Inner 3rd floor internal pillars and walls 7… Pressure panel 8… Basement / foundation beam 9… 3rd basement floor 11… 1st stage beam support 12… 2nd stage beam support 13… cut beam 14 ... Raising 15 ... Fire beam 16 ... Corner beam 17 ... Support bracket 20 ... Head RC jaw 21 ... Stud bolt

Claims (1)

Underground structure of the building from the top is the inverse hit method to continue to construction to bottom, any floors drilling space in earth retaining walls floors precursor and construction, the floor skeleton optionally floors After laying the beam underneath, the floor below the floor frame is blown without building the floor below, excavating any multiple floors at once, building the floor under any multiple floors in advance, A reverse driving method characterized in that excavation work and frame work are carried out at the lower part and the upper floor work of the upper floor is carried out at the upper part in parallel with the floor below the plurality of arbitrary floors.

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