JP2004150114A - Method and device for placing concrete for tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently and integrally fix a sheet to a surface of concrete for secondary lining, and to enable the sheet to be also used for the treatment of waste water and sewage for many years. <P>SOLUTION: When the concrete is placed into a tunnel 12 by means of a form 16, the sheet 20 is supported on a transportation carriage 18, and a sheet suspending beam 34 is fixed to the end of the sheet 20. After that, the transportation carriage 18 is carried into the form 16; a traction member 24 of a winding mechanism 26, which is arranged in the transportation carriage 18, is wound around the outer periphery of the form 16; and the beam 34 is mounted on a spreading carriage 36 which is arranged in the outward direction of the form 16. Subsequently, the spreading carriage 36 is fixed to the beam 34 and moved by the winding mechanism 26, and the sheet 20 is spread around the outer periphery of the form 16. Thereafter, the form 16 is removed after the placing and curing of the concrete, so that the sheet 20 can be integrally fixed to the surface of the placed concrete. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for placing concrete, mainly concrete for secondary lining, in a tunnel.
In addition, in this specification, "casting" means filling mud-like concrete, which has not been cured and hardened, between the formwork and the inner wall surface of the tunnel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Originally, the construction of tunnels (see Fig. 11) for draining sewage and sewage, such as sewers, to be laid underground mainly consisted of spraying concrete for primary lining onto excavated rock and then secondary A step of casting secondary lining concrete between the movable formwork and the inner wall of the tunnel (to which the primary lining concrete was sprayed) by a movable formwork for laying concrete for lining. (See, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
[0003]
At this time, before installing the concrete for the secondary lining, apply a waterproof sheet to prevent the spring water from the ground from leaking into the tunnel. It is known to be deployed on
[0004]
The extension of the sheet is manually performed by an operator (for example, see Patent Document 3).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 3278355 (page 3-4, FIG. 1-2)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent No. 2711627 (pages 4-6, FIGS. 1-3, 12)
[Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent No. 2651991 (page 2-3, FIG. 5-7)
[0006]
In addition, the sheet was not fixed to the surface of the cast concrete for secondary lining.
[0007]
In FIG. 11, reference numeral 64 denotes a tunnel, 66 denotes a tunnel inner wall surface, 68 primary lining concrete, 70 denotes a waterproof sheet, 72 denotes a secondary lining concrete, and 74 denotes a bedrock.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel (the concrete surface for secondary lining that has been cast) constructed by placing concrete between the inner wall surface of the tunnel and the movable formwork is protected (covered) by a sheet or the like. If this tunnel is used for sewage and sewage treatment, concrete deteriorates (corrodes) due to the components contained in the sewage and sewage, and the tunnel strength and quality are significantly reduced. could not.
[0009]
In addition, the spreading of a sheet such as a waterproof sheet is performed manually by an operator, and is performed separately from concrete casting. Therefore, the working efficiency is not good, and this causes a process delay.
[0010]
Also, since nothing was interposed on the surface of the formwork, concrete was likely to adhere to the formwork after completion of the casting work, and for the purpose of improving the quality of the cast concrete, the concrete that had adhered was removed before the next work. The peeling work becomes indispensable, which causes a reduction in working efficiency and a delay in the process.
[0011]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described drawbacks, and has a method for efficiently fixing a sheet integrally to a concrete surface for secondary lining, sewage, and a concrete casting method for a tunnel that can be used for a long time even for sewage treatment. It is intended to provide a device.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for placing concrete in a tunnel by using a formwork, wherein the form periphery is previously wound outside on the formwork, on a movable carriage in the formwork. After supporting the sheet covering the entire area, fixing the sheet suspension girder to the sheet end, and then carrying this carrier into the formwork, the traction member of the hoisting mechanism disposed at the front and rear ends of the carrier is provided. After attaching the sheet suspension girder with the seat end fixed to the extension carriage that is mounted on the outer periphery of the formwork and that is movable in the circumferential direction of the Is fixed to the leading end of the pulling member of each hoisting mechanism, and the hoisting member of each hoisting mechanism is used to move the spreading trolley in the circumferential direction of the form and spread the sheet over the entire area of the form outer periphery. Concrete is poured between the frame and the inner wall of the tunnel, and after curing and curing, the mold is removed. Accordingly, those characterized in that to fix together the sheet to pouring concrete surface,
Alternatively, a sheet guide roller is provided on the stretching carriage so as to be able to protrude and retract outward, and when the sheet is stretched, the sheet guide roller is protruded outward to guide the sheet, thereby preventing the sheet from contacting the formwork. Characterized by improving the spreadability,
Alternatively, the extension carriage is moved in the circumferential direction of the form by moving the extension carriage by inserting and moving the extension carriage into a guide rail corresponding to the form, which is provided on the front and rear sides of the form, and at least a lower end of the guide rail. It is characterized in that the part can be freely bent inward to secure a wide working space and improve workability.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
A concrete casting device for a tunnel according to the present invention is provided on a movable formwork 16 for placing concrete 14, mainly concrete for secondary lining, in a tunnel 12; As shown in FIG. 10, it has the following configuration.
[0014]
A support member 22 for supporting a wound sheet 20 covering the entire outer periphery of the formwork 16 and a hoisting mechanism 26 to which a traction member 24 is mounted are arranged on a transport carriage 18 that is movable in the formwork 16. It is.
[0015]
In the present example, the transport vehicle 18 has a length corresponding to the entire length of the formwork 16 and is provided with running means 28 such as wheels.
[0016]
In addition, the sheet 20 is desirably made of a material having excellent corrosion resistance for the purpose of mainly using the tunnel for treating sewage such as sewage and sewage.
[0017]
Further, the support members 22 are provided at both front and rear ends of the carriage 18 in order to support the ends of the shaft core 30 of the wound sheet 20.
[0018]
Further, the traction member 24 is a wire, and the hoisting mechanism 26 is a winch, and is disposed at both front and rear ends of the carriage 18 similarly to the support member 22.
[0019]
Further, in order to prevent the sheet 20 from contacting the formwork 16 when the sheet 20 is extended by the hoisting mechanism 26, and to improve the sheet extending workability, the carrier 18 is provided with an outer side (see FIGS. 1, 3 to 6). A sheet guide roller 32 is disposed so as to be able to protrude and retract downward.
[0020]
A sheet suspension girder 34 fixed to the end of the sheet 20 is provided.
[0021]
The reason why the sheet suspension girder 34 is fixed to the end portion of the sheet 20 is to form a beam at the end portion of the sheet 20 and to improve the workability of stretching.
[0022]
An extension carriage 36 is disposed movably in the circumferential direction of the mold 16 and in front of and behind the mold 16.
[0023]
In this example, the means for moving the extension cart 36 in the circumferential direction of the mold 16 corresponds to the shape of the mold 16, and the extension cart 36 can travel on guide rails 38 arranged in front and rear of the mold 16. , And fixed to the tip of each of the traction members 24 arranged on the front and rear outer circumferences of the formwork 16, and each of the traction members 24 is hoisted by the hoisting mechanism 26, so that each of the extension carts 36 is placed on each of the guide rails 38. Is moved in the circumferential direction of the mold 16.
[0024]
In addition, the lower end of the guide rail 38 is freely bent inward in order to secure a wide space for movement of the transport vehicle 18 and other operations and to improve workability.
[0025]
In the drawing, reference numeral 40 denotes a chain block for lifting and moving the extension cart 36, 42 denotes a telescopic jack for supporting the guide rail 38, 44 denotes a guide roller for guiding the traction member 24, and 46 denotes a formwork. 16 is a lap angle provided on the lap side, 48 is a driving hole for placing the concrete 14 for secondary lining, 50 is the inner wall surface of the primary wrapped tunnel, and 52 is a secondary lining. The secondary lining surface on which the concrete 14 is cast, and 54 indicates a sheet drawing wire.
[0026]
The method of placing concrete 14, mainly concrete for secondary lining, in the tunnel 12 and fixing the sheet 20 integrally to the surface thereof by using the present apparatus will be described in detail below.
[0027]
First, the mold 16 is moved to a predetermined position of the tunnel 12.
[0028]
Next, outside the mold 16, the support members 22 at the front and rear ends of the carrier 18 support the wound sheet 20 covering the entire outer periphery of the mold 16.
[0029]
At this time, the support of the sheet 20 by the support member 22 is performed by supporting the end of the shaft core 30 of the sheet 20 by the support member 22.
[0030]
Next, the sheet suspension beam 34 is fixed to the end of the sheet 20.
[0031]
By fixing the sheet suspension girder 34 to the end of the sheet 20, a beam is formed at the end of the sheet 20, and the sheet 20 is moved in its length direction by hoisting the traction member 24 of the hoisting mechanism 26 described later. It can be spread evenly and workability is improved.
[0032]
Next, the transport vehicle 18 supporting the sheet 20 and fixing the sheet suspension girders 34 at its ends is carried into the formwork 16 (see FIG. 3).
[0033]
At this time, the workability is improved by bending the lower end portion of the guide rail 38 inward to secure a wide moving space for the carriage 18.
[0034]
Next, the traction members 24 of the hoisting mechanism 26 disposed at both front and rear ends of the transport vehicle 18 are mounted on the outer periphery of the form 16 (see FIG. 4).
[0035]
In this example, the mounting direction of each traction member 24 is counterclockwise.
[0036]
Next, both ends of the sheet suspension girder 34 fixed to the end of the seat 20 are attached to the respective extension carts 36, and the respective extension carts 36 are attached to the lower ends of one side (left side in FIG. 4) of each of the front and rear guide rails 38. Insert.
[0037]
At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the sheet guide roller 32 is projected outward (downward) to guide the sheet 20, so that the sheet 20 can be prevented from coming into contact with the mold 16 and workability can be improved. Is improved.
[0038]
Next, each of the extension carts 36 is fixed to the tip of the traction member 24 of each of the hoisting mechanisms 26 mounted on the outer periphery of the form 16.
[0039]
Next, each of the hoisting mechanisms 26 is driven, the traction member 24 is hoisted, and the stretching carriage 36 and the sheet suspension girder 34 are moved from one side to the other in the circumferential direction of the formwork 16 (from the left side in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5). By moving the sheet 20 to the right side, the sheet 20 is spread over the entire outer periphery of the mold 16 (see FIG. 5).
[0040]
At this time, in order to spread the sheet 20 uniformly, it is desirable to control the hoisting speed of the traction member 24 of each of the front and rear hoisting mechanisms 26.
[0041]
Next, both ends of the expanded sheet 20 are temporarily fixed (supported) to the lower portion 14 of the tunnel 12 (see FIGS. 6 and 8).
[0042]
At this time, the sheet suspension girder 34 fixed to the leading end of the sheet 20 is removed, and placed on the carriage 18, and the rear end of the sheet 20 is cut and temporarily fixed to the lower part of the tunnel 12. Is stored inside.
[0043]
Next, the extension cart 36 is removed from each guide rail 38, lifted and supported by the chain block 40, and moved to one side (left side in FIG. 6) of the guide rail, which is the next use position.
[0044]
Next, the lower end of each guide rail 38 is bent inward to secure a wide working space.
[0045]
Next, the transport trolley 18 is carried out of the formwork 16 to secure a wide space for placing the concrete 14 for secondary lining.
[0046]
Next, the wrap side of the form 16 in which the sheet 20 is spread on the outer peripheral surface is superimposed on the already-secondary lining surface 52 via the wrap angle 46 (see FIG. 9), and the wife side is covered with a covering material such as a wife plate. (Not shown) to stop the wife.
[0047]
At this time, both ends of the sheet 20 temporarily fixed to the lower part of the tunnel 12 are fixed to and supported by both ends of the formwork 16, respectively.
[0048]
Next, the concrete 14 for secondary lining is cast from the casting hole 48 between the formwork 16 and the tunnel inner wall surface 50.
[0049]
At this time, the concrete 14 is vibrated via a vibrator (not shown) in accordance with the amount of the concrete to be poured, and the concrete 14 is compacted and bubbles are removed, thereby improving the strength and durability of the cured concrete. It is desirable.
[0050]
After curing of the cast concrete 14, the mold 16 is removed from the mold 16 so that the sheet 20 is integrally fixed to the surface of the cast concrete, and the concrete 14 for secondary lining is cast into the tunnel 12. Complete.
[0051]
Next, the form 16 is moved forward, the sheet 20 is supported, and the transport trolley 18 with the sheet suspension girder 34 fixed to the end of the sheet 20 is loaded into the form 16, the sheet 20 is spread, and the sheet 20 is expanded. Is carried out continuously over the entire length of the tunnel 12, such as fixing to the lower portion of the tunnel 12, unloading the carriage 18, placing concrete 14, and removing the mold 16.
[0052]
As described above, the concrete placing method according to the present invention uses the transport trolley 18 in which the pre-process such as the support of the sheet 20 and the fixing of the sheet suspension girder 34 to the end of the sheet 20 are performed in advance outside the formwork 16. After being transported into the mold 16, the sheet 20 is spread, concrete 14 is cast between the mold 16 and the inner wall surface 50 of the tunnel, and after curing and curing, the mold 16 is removed from the mold. The sheet 20 can be integrally and uniformly fixed to the surface of the concrete 14 provided, and the surface is protected (covered) by the sheet even when the constructed tunnel is used for treating sewage such as sewerage and sewage. The tunnel (cast concrete) does not deteriorate (corrode) and can be used for a long time.
[0053]
Further, since the concrete 14 is cast in a state where the sheet 20 is interposed on the surface of the form 16, the cast concrete 14 does not adhere to the surface of the form 14, and, as in the related art, after the work is completed. There is no need to remove the concrete 14 adhering to the formwork 14, which has been performed to improve the quality of the installed concrete, and the work efficiency is improved.
[0054]
In addition, since the extension carriage 36 is moved by the hoisting mechanism 26 of the transport carriage 18 without disposing a self-propelled mechanism on the extension carriage 36 for extending the seat 20, the structure is extremely simplified and the cost is reduced. be able to.
[0055]
Further, a sheet guide roller 32 is provided on the transport trolley 18 so as to be able to protrude and retract outward, and the sheet 20 is guided to the form 16 by projecting the sheet guide roller 32 outward when the sheet is extended. Contact can be prevented, the extensibility of the sheet 20 can be improved, and the working process can be shortened.
[0056]
In addition, the movement of the extension carriage 36 in the circumferential direction of the mold 16 is performed by being inserted into a guide rail 38 disposed on the front and rear of the mold 16 and corresponding to the mold 16 and moved. Since at least the lower end of the guide rail 38 can be bent inward, the lower end of the guide rail 38 is bent inward except when the seat is extended, so that the space for the movement of the carriage 18, concrete casting, and other work can be widened. Thus, the workability can be further improved.
[0057]
In the present example, it is obvious that the sheet guide rollers 32 disposed on the transport trolley 18 can be omitted by supporting the sheet 20 on the transport trolley 18 at a position where the sheet 20 does not contact the formwork 16 at an acute angle when the sheet is spread. It is.
[0058]
Further, the movement of the extension carriage 36 in the circumferential direction of the mold 16 is performed by the guide rails 38 disposed outside the mold 16, but other means can be freely used.
[0059]
The pulling member 24 is a wire, but may be a chain or other long member.
[0060]
The hoisting mechanism 26 is a winch, but may be any other hoisting means.
[0061]
Further, since the direction in which the traction member 24 is mounted on the formwork 16 is counterclockwise, the direction in which the sheet 20 extends is clockwise, but the direction in which the traction member 24 is mounted on the formwork 16 is clockwise. It is obvious that the extension direction of the sheet 20 becomes counterclockwise.
[0062]
Further, both ends of the sheet 20 extended on the form 16 are fixed to and supported by both ends of the form 16, respectively. However, both ends of the sheet 20 may be extended and joined, or the lower part of the tunnel 12 The fastening may be performed, and the fastening and supporting points are not particularly limited.
[0063]
In addition, a concrete sensor (not shown) for detecting the amount of concrete poured between the formwork 16 and the inner wall surface 50 of the tunnel is installed. By doing so, the work can be automated, and the workability can be further improved.
[0064]
Also, the method and apparatus of the present invention are substantially circular tunnels, but can be used to construct semicircular tunnels and other shaped tunnels.
[0065]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the concrete casting method and apparatus for tunnels according to the present invention, a transport trolley that has been subjected to pre-processes such as supporting a sheet in advance outside a formwork and fixing a sheet suspension girder to a sheet end, etc. After being loaded into the frame, spread the sheet, cast concrete between the formwork and the inner wall of the tunnel, cure and cure, remove the formwork, and integrate the sheet with the cast concrete surface. Moreover, even if the constructed tunnel is used for sewage treatment such as sewerage and sewage treatment, the surface is protected (covered) by the sheet, so that the tunnel (cast concrete) is deteriorated ( It can be used for many years without corrosion.
[0066]
In addition, since concrete is poured with the sheet interposed on the formwork surface, the castable concrete does not adhere to the formwork surface. There is no need to remove the concrete adhering to the formwork, which has been performed to improve the work efficiency.
[0067]
In addition, the sheet guide rollers are provided on the transport trolley so as to be able to protrude and retract outward, and the sheet guide rollers are projected outward when the sheets are extended, thereby preventing the sheets from contacting the formwork and improving the sheet expandability. It can be improved, and the working process can be shortened.
[0068]
In addition, the movement of the extension bogie in the circumferential direction of the form is moved on a guide rail corresponding to the form, which is disposed on the front and rear sides of the form, so that at least a lower end of the guide rail can be bent inward. Because the lower end of the guide rail is bent inward except when the seat is extended, a large space for moving the transport truck, placing concrete, and other work can be secured, further improving workability. Can be.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a concrete placing device for a tunnel according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a front view of a main part showing a first step of a sheet spreading operation.
FIG. 4 is an essential part front view showing a second step of the sheet spreading operation.
FIG. 5 is an essential part front view showing a third step of the sheet spreading operation.
FIG. 6 is an essential part front view showing a fourth step of the sheet spreading operation.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing a state where the sheet spreading operation is completed.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged front view of the same main part.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged side view of a main part on the wrap side.
FIG. 10 is a front view showing a concrete placing operation.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a conventional tunnel.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Tunnel 14 Concrete 16 Formwork 18 Carriage 20 Sheet 22 Supporting member 24 Traction member 26 Lifting mechanism 32 Sheet guide roller 34 Sheet suspension girder 36 Expansion carriage 38 Guide rail 50 Tunnel inner wall surface

Claims (6)

In the method of placing concrete (14) using a formwork (16) in a tunnel (12),
A sheet (20) that has been wound on a transport trolley (18) that is movable inside the mold (16) outside the mold (16) in advance and covers the entire outer periphery of the mold (16) After supporting and fixing the sheet suspension beam (34) to the end of the sheet (20),
After carrying the transport cart (18) into the formwork (16),
A pulling member (24) of a hoisting mechanism (26) disposed at both front and rear ends of a transport trolley (18) is mounted on the outer periphery of the form (16),
A sheet suspension girder (34) having an end portion of a seat (20) fixed to an extension trolley (36) disposed movably in the circumferential direction of the form (16) and in front and rear of the form (16). After installing,
This extension cart (36) is fixed to the tip of the traction member (24) of each hoisting mechanism (26),
By unwinding the pulling member (24) of each hoisting mechanism (26), the spreading trolley (36) is moved in the circumferential direction of the form (16), and the sheet (20) is spread over the entire outer periphery of the form (16). ,
Concrete (14) is cast between the formwork (16) and the inner wall surface (50) of the tunnel,
A concrete casting method for a tunnel, characterized in that after curing and curing, the sheet (20) is integrally fixed to the surface of the cast concrete by removing the mold (16). A sheet guide roller (32) is provided on the extension carriage (36) so as to be able to protrude and retract outward, and the sheet (20) is guided by projecting the sheet guide roller (32) outward when the sheet is extended. 2. The concrete casting method for a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the sheet (20) is prevented from coming into contact with the formwork (16), and the sheet spreading workability is improved. Movement of the extension cart (36) in the circumferential direction of the mold (16) is performed on guide rails (38) corresponding to the mold (16) disposed on the front and rear outer sides of the mold (16). 2), and at least the lower end of the guide rail (38) can be bent inward to secure a wide working space and improve workability. Alternatively, the method for placing concrete for a tunnel according to claim 2. An apparatus for casting concrete (14) using a formwork (16) in a tunnel (12),
A support member (22) for supporting a sheet (20) covering the entire outer periphery of the formed form (16), and a winding mechanism (26) equipped with a traction member (24) are provided. A transport trolley (18) movable within the formwork (16);
A sheet hanger (34) fixed to the end of the sheet (20) and forming a beam at the end of the sheet (20);
An extension trolley (36) arranged movably in the circumferential direction of the formwork (16) and in front of and behind the formwork (16);
A concrete casting device for tunnels, comprising: A sheet guide roller (32) is provided on the extension carriage (36) so as to be able to come and go outward, and the sheet (20) is guided by projecting the sheet guide roller (32) outward when the sheet is extended. The concrete placing device for a tunnel according to claim 4, wherein a contact with the formwork (16) of the (20) is prevented to improve sheet spreading workability. The movement of the extension bogie (36) in the circumferential direction of the mold (16) is performed on guide rails (38) corresponding to the form (16) disposed outside the front and rear of the mold (16). The guide rail (38) can be bent inward at least at the lower end so as to secure a wide working space and improve workability. The concrete placing device for a tunnel according to claim 4 or 5.

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